Organic Chemical

MeSH ID: T109

Related Concepts:

• (+)-Cyanidanol-3 [M0003637]
  
• (3-Iodo-(131I)benzyl)guanidine [M0029374]
  
• (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride [M0013150]
  A drug that selectively activates certain subclasses of muscarinic receptors and also activates postganglionic nicotinic receptors. It is commonly used experimentally to distinguish muscarinic receptor subtypes.
  
• (R)-2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-8-chloro-3-methyl-5-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepin-7-ol [M0024710]
  A dopamine D1 receptor antagonist that has no effect or only very limited effect on dopamine D2 receptors. The compound has tranquilizing effects, inhibits conditioned avoidance response, impairs memory acquisition, produces dose-dependent catalepsy, blocks central serotonin receptors, and reduces the lethal effects of cocaine.
  
• 1,2,4,5-Tetraoxanes [M0448811]
  
• 1,2-Benzoquinones [M0024778]
  
• 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine [M0029409]
  A DNA alkylating agent that has been shown to be a potent carcinogen and is widely used to induce colon tumors in experimental animals.
  
• 1,3-Diphenylpropanediones [M0456659]
  Compounds based on oxidized CHALCONE.
  
• 1,4-Benzoquinones [M0024779]
  
• 1,5-Deoxy-1,5-imino-D-mannitol [M0026527]
  
• 1,5-Dideoxy-1,5-imino-D-mannitol [M0329225]
  
• 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine [M0028749]
  A specific protein kinase C inhibitor, which inhibits superoxide release from human neutrophils (PMN) stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or synthetic diacylglycerol.
  
• 1-Deoxymannojirimycin [M0026525]
  
• 1-Deoxynojirimycin [M0026526]
  An alpha-glucosidase inhibitor with antiviral action. Derivatives of deoxynojirimycin may have anti-HIV activity.
  
• 1-Deoxynojirimycin Hydrochloride [M0329224]
  
• 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine [M0023168]
  A potent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor; due to this action, the compound increases cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in tissue and thereby activates CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-REGULATED PROTEIN KINASES
  
• 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine [M0023971]
  A dopaminergic neurotoxic compound which produces irreversible clinical, chemical, and pathological alterations that mimic those found in Parkinson disease.
  
• 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium [M0023993]
  An active neurotoxic metabolite of 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE. The compound reduces dopamine levels, inhibits the biosynthesis of catecholamines, depletes cardiac norepinephrine and inactivates tyrosine hydroxylase. These and other toxic effects lead to cessation of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP depletion, and cell death. The compound, which is related to PARAQUAT, has also been used as an herbicide.
  
• 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium Chloride [M0331307]
  
• 1-Naphthylamine [M0023169]
  A suspected industrial carcinogen (and listed as such by OSHA). Its N-hydroxy metabolite is strongly carcinogenic and mutagenic.
  
• 1-Naphthylisothiocyanate [M0023170]
  A tool for the study of liver damage which causes bile stasis and hyperbilirubinemia acutely and bile duct hyperplasia and biliary cirrhosis chronically, with changes in hepatocyte function. It may cause skin and kidney damage.
  
• 1-Oxacephalosporin [M0014144]
  
• 1-Propanol [M0000657]
  A colorless liquid made by oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbons that is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate.
  
• 11-cis-Retinal [M0018958]
  
• 11-cis-Retinol [M0370290]
  
• 13-cis-Acitretin [M0026178]
  
• 19,583 RP [M0351745]
  
• 2,2'-Dipyridyl [M0023198]
  A reagent used for the determination of iron.
  
• 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine [M0362415]
  A selective D1 dopamine receptor agonist used primarily as a research tool.
  
• 2,3-Dihydroxy-1,4-dithiolbutane [M0006615]
  
• 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate [M0029370]
  A highly anionic organic phosphate which is present in human red blood cells at about the same molar ratio as hemoglobin. It binds to deoxyhemoglobin but not the oxygenated form, therefore diminishing the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin. This is essential in enabling hemoglobin to unload oxygen in tissue capillaries. It is also an intermediate in the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate by phosphoglycerate mutase (EC 5.4.2.1). (From Stryer Biochemistry, 4th ed, p160; Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p508)
  
• 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate, (D)-Isomer [M0329117]
  
• 2,3-Diphosphoglyceric Acid [M0029371]
  
• 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid [M0023202]
  An herbicide with strong irritant properties. Use of this compound on rice fields, orchards, sugarcane, rangeland, and other noncrop sites was terminated by the EPA in 1985. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene Sulfonate [M0022002]
  
• 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid [M0023201]
  An herbicide with irritant effects on the eye and the gastrointestinal system.
  
• 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, Ammonium Salt [M0329499]
  
• 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, Lithium Salt [M0329501]
  
• 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, Potassium Salt [M0329498]
  
• 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, Sodium Salt [M0329500]
  
• 2,4-Dinitrophenol [M0028729]
  A toxic dye, chemically related to trinitrophenol (picric acid), used in biochemical studies of oxidative processes where it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation. It is also used as a metabolic stimulant. (Stedman, 26th ed)
  
• 2,5-Dihydroxybenzenesulfonate [M0003168]
  
• 2,5-Dihydroxybenzenesulfonic Acid [M0003169]
  
• 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine [M0006747]
  A psychedelic phenyl isopropylamine derivative, commonly called DOM, whose mood-altering effects and mechanism of action may be similar to those of LSD.
  
• 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine Hydrochloride, (+,-)-Isomer [M0330396]
  
• 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine Hydrochloride, (R)-Isomer [M0330399]
  
• 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine Hydrochloride, (S)-Isomer [M0330400]
  
• 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine, (+,-)-Isomer [M0330395]
  
• 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine, (R)-Isomer [M0330397]
  
• 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine, (S)-Isomer [M0330398]
  
• 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine, Hydrochloride [M0330394]
  
• 2,6-Dichloroindophenol [M0023203]
  A dye used as a reagent in the determination of vitamin C.
  
• 2-Acetylaminofluorene [M0023186]
  A hepatic carcinogen whose mechanism of activation involves N-hydroxylation to the aryl hydroxamic acid followed by enzymatic sulfonation to sulfoxyfluorenylacetamide. It is used to study the carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of aromatic amines.
  
• 2-Aminopurine [M0023189]
  A purine that is an isomer of ADENINE (6-aminopurine).
  
• 2-Bromoergocryptine Mesylate [M0002949]
  
• 2-Hydroxy-5-nitrobenzyl Bromide [M0023190]
  A chemical reagent that reacts with and modifies chemically the tryptophan portion of protein molecules. Used for 'active site' enzyme studies and other protein studies. Sometimes referred to as Koshland's reagent.
  
• 2-Hydroxyphenethylamine [M0023191]
  Simple amine found in the brain. It may be modulator of sympathetic functions. Its derivatives are adrenergic agonists and antagonists. It is also used in chemical industry.
  
• 2-Mercaptoethanesulfonate [M0023194]
  
• 2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid [M0013151]
  A powerful herbicide used as a selective weed killer.
  
• 2-Methylpyridine 2-Benzimidazole Sulfoxides [M0496553]
  
• 2-Naphthylamine [M0023197]
  A naphthalene derivative with carcinogenic action.
  
• 2-Propanol [M0029450]
  An isomer of 1-PROPANOL. It is a colorless liquid having disinfectant properties. It is used in the manufacture of acetone and its derivatives and as a solvent. Topically, it is used as an antiseptic.
  
• 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles [M0496552]
  Compounds that contain benzimidazole joined to a 2-methylpyridine via a sulfoxide linkage. Several of the compounds in this class are ANTI-ULCER AGENTS that act by inhibiting the POTASSIUM HYDROGEN ATPASE found in the PROTON PUMP of GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.
  
• 20-Methylcholanthrene [M0013622]
  
• 2589 R.B. [M0353997]
  
• 2H-Benzo(a)quinolizin-2-ol, 2-Ethyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-3-isobutyl-9,10-dime [M0019226]
  Proposed catecholamine depletor.
  
• 3'-Chloroacetophenone [M0363297]
  
• 3,3'-Diaminobenzidine [M0023226]
  
• 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine [M0023227]
  A material used in the manufacture of azo dyes that is toxic to skin and carcinogenic in several species.
  
• 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans [M0029556]
  A non-peptide, kappa-opioid receptor agonist which has also been found to stimulate the release of adrenocorticotropin (ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE) via the release of hypothalamic arginine vasopressin (ARGININE VASOPRESSIN) and CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE. (From J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1997;280(1):416-21)
  
• 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide Monohydr [M0329056]
  
• 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide Monometh [M0329051]
  
• 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide Monometh [M0329058]
  
• 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide Monometh [M0329050]
  
• 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (1R-cis [M0329053]
  
• 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (1S-cis [M0329052]
  
• 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans) [M0329057]
  
• 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans) [M0329055]
  
• 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid [M0023228]
  A deaminated metabolite of LEVODOPA.
  
• 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid, Monosodium Salt [M0331208]
  
• 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine [M0023232]
  An amphetamine derivative that inhibits uptake of catecholamine neurotransmitters. It is a hallucinogen. It is less toxic than its methylated derivative but in sufficient doses may still destroy serotonergic neurons and has been used for that purpose experimentally.
  
• 3-Hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan [M0012436]
  
• 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid [M0023218]
  An oxidation product of tryptophan metabolism. It may be a free radical scavenger and a carcinogen.
  
• 3-Hydroxybutyrate [M0029885]
  
• 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid [M0029884]
  BUTYRIC ACID substituted in the beta or 3 position. It is one of the ketone bodies produced in the liver and occurs at high levels in the blood and urine in KETOSIS. (From Dorland's, 28th ed)
  
• 3-Iodobenzylguanidine [M0029373]
  A guanidine analog with specific affinity for tissues of the sympathetic nervous system and related tumors. The radiolabeled forms are used as antineoplastic agents and radioactive imaging agents. (Merck Index, 12th ed) MIBG serves as a neuron-blocking agent which has a strong affinity for, and retention in, the adrenal medulla and also inhibits ADP-ribosyltransferase.
  
• 3-Iodobenzylguanidine, 123I Labeled [M0331309]
  
• 3-Iodobenzylguanidine, 125I Labeled [M0331308]
  
• 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid [M0023220]
  An inhibitor of glutamate decarboxylase. It decreases the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID concentration in the brain, thereby causing convulsions.
  
• 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethanol [M0023222]
  Metabolite of serotonin and norepinephrine.
  
• 3-Nitro-10 [M0352109]
  
• 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethy [M0002232]
  A dihydropyridine derivative, which, in contrast to NIFEDIPINE, functions as a calcium channel agonist. The compound facilitates Ca2+ influx through partially activated voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, thereby causing vasoconstrictor and positive inotropic effects. It is used primarily as a research tool.
  
• 33 A 74 [M0353761]
  
• 3MC [M0013623]
  
• 4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid [M0027010]
  An inhibitor of anion conductance including band 3-mediated anion transport.
  
• 4,5-Dihydro-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine [M0373905]
  A dual inhibitor of both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. It exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the formation of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The drug also enhances pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction and has a protective effect after myocardial ischemia.
  
• 4-(3-Butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone [M0019225]
  Inhibitor of phosphodiesterases.
  
• 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid [M0019908]
  A non-penetrating amino reagent (commonly called SITS) which acts as an inhibitor of anion transport in erythrocytes and other cells.
  
• 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid, Disodium Salt [M0329725]
  
• 4-Aminobenzoic Acid [M0015714]
  A member of the VITAMIN B COMPLEX. It used to be common in SUNSCREENING AGENTS until found to also be a sensitizer. The potassium salt is used therapeutically in fibrotic skin disorders.
  
• 4-Aminopyridine [M0024148]
  One of the POTASSIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS, with secondary effect on calcium currents, which is used mainly as a research tool and to characterize channel subtypes.
  
• 4-Aminopyridine Sustained Release [M0455963]
  
• 4-Butyrolactone [M0023238]
  One of the FURANS with a carbonyl thereby forming a cyclic lactone. It is an endogenous compound made from gamma-aminobutyrate and is the precursor of gamma-hydroxybutyrate. It is also used as a pharmacological agent and solvent.
  
• 4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan [M0014530]
  A benzofuran derivative used as a protein reagent since the terminal N-NBD-protein conjugate possesses interesting fluorescence and spectral properties. It has also been used as a covalent inhibitor of both beef heart mitochondrial ATPase and bacterial ATPase.
  
• 4-Chloromercuribenzenesulfonate [M0004172]
  A cytotoxic sulfhydryl reagent that inhibits several subcellular metabolic systems and is used as a tool in cellular physiology.
  
• 4-Epitetracycline [M0021214]
  
• 4-Hydroxyaminoquinoline-1-oxide [M0023239]
  A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a reduction product of 4-NITROQUINOLINE-1-OXIDE. It binds with nucleic acids and inactivates both bacteria and bacteriophage.
  
• 4-Hydroxybenzoic Acids [M0015857]
  
• 4-Hydroxycoumarins [M0023241]
  Substances found in many plants, containing the 4-hydroxycoumarin radical. They interfere with vitamin K and the blood clotting mechanism, are tightly protein-bound, inhibit mitochondrial and microsomal enzymes, and are used as oral anticoagulants.
  
• 4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide [M0023243]
  A potent mutagen and carcinogen. This compound and its metabolite 4-HYDROXYAMINOQUINOLINE-1-OXIDE bind to nucleic acids. It inactivates bacteria but not bacteriophage.
  
• 4-Quinolones [M0441453]
  QUINOLONES containing a 4-oxo (a carbonyl in the para position to the nitrogen). They inhibit the A subunit of DNA GYRASE and are used as antimicrobials. Second generation 4-quinoloines are also substituted with a 1-piperazinyl group at the 7-position and a fluorine at the 6-position.
  
• 4306-CB [M0372326]
  
• 5,5'-Dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic Acid) [M0006619]
  
• 5,5'-Dithiobis(nitrobenzoate) [M0006620]
  
• 5,6-Dihydroxytryptamine [M0023255]
  Tryptamine substituted with two hydroxyl groups in positions 5 and 6. It is a neurotoxic serotonin analog that destroys serotonergic neurons preferentially and is used in neuropharmacologic research.
  
• 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine [M0023256]
  Tryptamine substituted with two hydroxyl groups in positions 5 and 7. It is a neurotoxic serotonin analog that destroys serotonergic neurons preferentially and is used in neuropharmacology as a tool.
  
• 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine Creatine Sulfate [M0023257]
  
• 5-Amino-3-((5-nitro-2-furyl)vinyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole [M0352073]
  A nitrovinyl furan used as a schistosomicidal agent and proposed for trypanosomiasis, especially Chagas disease.
  
• 5-Formyltetrahydropteroylglutamate [M0004522]
  
• 5-Methoxytryptamine [M0013607]
  Serotonin derivative proposed as potentiator for hypnotics and sedatives.
  
• 53-32C [M0353428]
  
• 566C [M0173852]
  
• 566C80 [M0173853]
  
• 6-Aminonicotinamide [M0023261]
  A vitamin antagonist which has teratogenic effects.
  
• 6-Cyano-2,3-dihydroxy-7-nitroquinoxaline [M0329174]
  
• 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione [M0028085]
  A potent excitatory amino acid antagonist with a preference for non-NMDA iontropic receptors. It is used primarily as a research tool.
  
• 6029-M [M0352881]
  
• 6059-S [M0351098]
  
• 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide [M0023264]
  7,8,8a,9a-Tetrahydrobenzo(10,11)chryseno (3,4-b)oxirene-7,8-diol. A benzopyrene derivative with carcinogenic and mutagenic activity.
  
• 7-epi-Taxol [M0026155]
  
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin [M0026382]
  A serotonin 1A-receptor agonist that is used experimentally to test the effects of serotonin.
  
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin Hydrobromide [M0329197]
  
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin Hydrobromide, (+-)-Isomer [M0329203]
  
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin Hydrobromide, (R)-Isomer, [M0329198]
  
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin Hydrobromide, (S)-Isomer, [M0329199]
  
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin Hydrochloride, (R)-Isomer, [M0329195]
  
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin Hydrochloride, (S)-Isomer [M0329196]
  
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin, (+-)-Isomer [M0329200]
  
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin, (R)-Isomer [M0329201]
  
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin, (S)-Isomer [M0329202]
  
• 8-MOP [M0392719]
  
• 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene [M0023271]
  7,12-Dimethylbenzanthracene. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen.
  
• 99mTc-Dimercaptosuccinate [M0029350]
  
• A-23187 [M0353609]
  
• A-272 [M0352042]
  
• A-56268 [M0352016]
  
• A-Ba-C-50,005 [M0017538]
  
• Aarane [M0353583]
  
• AB-Piperacillin [M0474843]
  
• Abactal [M0353996]
  
• Abactrim [M0024004]
  
• Abbott 46811 [M0351070]
  
• Abbott-48999 [M0351051]
  
• Abbott-50192 [M0351048]
  
• Abrohexal [M0451771]
  
• Abscisic Acid [M0000061]
  Abscission-accelerating plant growth substance isolated from young cotton fruit, leaves of sycamore, birch, and other plants, and from potatoes, lemons, avocados, and other fruits.
  
• Abscisic Acid Monoammonium Salt, (R)-Isomer [M0330680]
  
• Abscisic Acid, (+,-)-Isomer [M0330738]
  
• Abscisic Acid, (E,E)-(+-)-Isomer [M0330679]
  
• Abscisic Acid, (E,Z)-(+,-)-Isomer [M0330678]
  
• Abscisic Acid, (R)-Isomer [M0330677]
  
• Abscisic Acid, (Z,E)-Isomer [M0330737]
  
• Absolok [M0373282]
  
• Absolute Alcohol [M0000654]
  
• ABT 538 [M0373924]
  
• Acamol [M0000117]
  
• Accurbron [M0353807]
  
• Accutane [M0023833]
  
• Acebutolol [M0000100]
  A cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist with little effect on the bronchial receptors. The drug has stabilizing and quinidine-like effects on cardiac rhythm as well as weak inherent sympathomimetic action.
  
• Acebutolol Heumann [M0431309]
  
• Acebutolol Hydrochloride [M0331293]
  
• Ac�butolol-ratiopharm [M0431312]
  
• Acecainide [M0000193]
  A major metabolite of PROCAINAMIDE. Its anti-arrhythmic action may cause cardiac toxicity in kidney failure.
  
• Acecainide Hydrochloride [M0000194]
  
• Acedapsone [M0000103]
  Acetylated sulfone that is slowly metabolized to give long-term, low blood levels of DAPSONE. It has antimicrobial and antimalarial action, but is mainly used as a depot leprostatic agent.
  
• Acemethadone [M0351996]
  
• Acenaphthenes [M0000104]
  Tricyclic ethylene-bridged naphthalene derivatives. They are found in petroleum residues and coal tar and used as dye intermediates, in the manufacture of plastics, and in insecticides and fungicides.
  
• Acenocoumarol [M0000105]
  A coumarin that is used as an anticoagulant. Its actions and uses are similar to those of WARFARIN. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p233)
  
• Acephen [M0418290]
  
• Acepromazine [M0000107]
  A phenothiazine that is used in the treatment of PSYCHOSES.
  
• Acepromazine Maleate [M0330684]
  
• Acetaco [M0000114]
  
• Acetadiazol [M0431655]
  
• Acetaldehyde [M0000111]
  A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of acetic acid, perfumes, and flavors. It is also an intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol. It has a general narcotic action and also causes irritation of mucous membranes. Large doses may cause death from respiratory paralysis.
  
• Acetals [M0000112]
  
• Acetamides [M0000113]
  Derivatives of acetamide that are used as solvents, as mild irritants, and in organic synthesis.
  
• Acetaminophen [M0000115]
  Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.
  
• Acetanilides [M0000123]
  Compounds based on N-phenylacetamide, that are similar in structure to 2-PHENYLACETAMIDES. They are precursors of many other compounds. They were formerly used as ANALGESICS and ANTIPYRETICS, but often caused lethal METHEMOGLOBINEMIA.
  
• Acetates [M0000125]
  Salts or esters of acetic acid in which the terminal hydrogen atom is replaced by a metal, for instance copper acetate Cu(CH3COO)2, or where substitution is by a radical, for instance ethyl acetate CH3COOC2H5. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed)
  
• Acetazolam [M0431657]
  
• Acetazolamide [M0000127]
  One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)
  
• Acetazolamide Sodium, (Sterile) [M0000128]
  
• Acetazolamide, Monosodium Salt [M0330686]
  
• Acetic Acid [M0028791]
  Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed)
  
• Acetic Acid Esters [M0000126]
  
• Acetic Acids [M0000132]
  Acetic acid and its derivatives which may be formed by substitution reactions. Mono- and di-substituted, as well as halogenated compounds have been synthesized.
  
• Acetic Anhydrides [M0000133]
  Compounds used extensively as acetylation, oxidation and dehydrating agents and in the modification of proteins and enzymes.
  
• Acetilcolina Cusi [M0431673]
  
• Acetoacetates [M0000134]
  Salts and derivatives of acetoacetic acid.
  
• Acetohexamide [M0000136]
  A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent that is metabolized in the liver to 1-hydrohexamide.
  
• Acetone [M0000142]
  A colorless liquid used as a solvent and an antiseptic. It is one of the ketone bodies produced during ketoacidosis.
  
• Acetone Bodies [M0011992]
  
• Acetonitriles [M0000143]
  Compounds in which a methyl group is attached to the cyano moiety.
  
• Acetophenones [M0000144]
  
• Acetopt [M0475852]
  
• Acetoxyacetylaminofluorene [M0000145]
  An alkylating agent that forms DNA ADDUCTS at the C-8 position in GUANINE, resulting in single strand breaks. It has demonstrated carcinogenic action.
  
• Acetrizoate Sodium [M0000152]
  
• Acetrizoic Acid [M0000146]
  An iodinated radiographic contrast medium used as acetrizoate sodium in HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAPHY.
  
• Acetyl-beta-methylcholine [M0024754]
  
• Acetyl-L-Carnitine [M0000163]
  
• Acetylaminofluorene [M0023187]
  
• Acetylcarnitine [M0000161]
  An acetic acid ester of CARNITINE that facilitates movement of ACETYL COA into the matrices of mammalian MITOCHONDRIA during the oxidation of FATTY ACIDS.
  
• Acetylcarnitine, (R)-Isomer [M0330692]
  
• Acetylcholine [M0000165]
  A neurotransmitter. Acetylcholine in vertebrates is the major transmitter at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector junctions, and at many sites in the central nervous system. It is generally not used as an administered drug because it is broken down very rapidly by cholinesterases, but it is useful in some ophthalmological applications.
  
• Acetylcholine Bromide [M0049582]
  
• Acetylcholine Chloride [M0049840]
  
• Acetylcholine Fluoride [M0330698]
  
• Acetylcholine Hydroxide [M0330695]
  
• Acetylcholine Iodide [M0330693]
  
• Acetylcholine L-Tartrate [M0330700]
  
• Acetylcholine Perchlorate [M0330701]
  
• Acetylcholine Picrate (1:1) [M0330699]
  
• Acetylcholine Sulfate (1:1) [M0330694]
  
• Acetylene [M0000186]
  
• Acetylthiocholine [M0000196]
  An agent used as a substrate in assays for cholinesterases, especially to discriminate among enzyme types.
  
• Acetysal [M0001870]
  
• Achromycin [M0350841]
  
• Achromycin V [M0021218]
  
• Acids, Acyclic [M0000221]
  Carboxylic acids that have open-chain molecular structures as opposed to ring-shaped structures.
  
• Acids, Aldehydic [M0000222]
  Dicarboxylic acids in which one of the carboxyl groups (-COOH) has been replaced by an aldehyde group (-CHO).
  
• Acids, Carbocyclic [M0000223]
  Carboxylic acids that have a homocyclic ring structure in which all the ring atoms are carbon.
  
• Acids, Heterocyclic [M0000224]
  A class of acids containing a ring structure in which at least one atom other than CARBON is incorporated.
  
• Acifugan [M0353575]
  
• Acitretin [M0026177]
  An oral retinoid effective in the treatment of psoriasis. It is the major metabolite of ETRETINATE with the advantage of a much shorter half-life when compared with etretinate.
  
• Acitretin, (Z,E,E,E)-Isomer [M0329348]
  
• Aclacin [M0431771]
  
• Aclaplastin [M0431772]
  
• Aclarubicin [M0023487]
  An anthracycline produced by Streptomyces galilaeus. It has potent antineoplastic activity.
  
• Aclin [M0476023]
  
• Aconitic Acid [M0000235]
  
• Aconitine [M0000236]
  A C19 norditerpenoid alkaloid (DITERPENES) from the root of ACONITUM plants. It activates voltage-gated SODIUM CHANNELS. It has been used to induce ARRHYTHMIA in experimental animals and it has antiinflammatory and antineuralgic properties.
  
• Acrichine [M0018331]
  
• Acrichine Yperite [M0351955]
  
• Acridine Orange [M0000247]
  A cationic cytochemical stain specific for cell nuclei, especially DNA. It is used as a supravital stain and in fluorescence cytochemistry. It may cause mutations in microorganisms.
  
• Acridines [M0000249]
  
• Acriflavine [M0000250]
  3,6-Diamino-10-methylacridinium chloride mixt. with 3,6-acridinediamine. Fluorescent dye used as a local antiseptic and also as a biological stain. It intercalates into nucleic acids thereby inhibiting bacterial and viral replication.
  
• Acriflavine Dihydrochloride [M0330709]
  
• Acriflavine Trichydrochloride [M0330710]
  
• Acrolactine [M0007805]
  
• Acrolein [M0000260]
  
• Acron [M0353336]
  
• Acronine [M0000264]
  A pyrano-acridone alkaloid found in RUTACEAE plants.
  
• Acrylamide [M0029842]
  A colorless, odorless, highly water soluble vinyl monomer formed from the hydration of acrylonitrile. It is primarily used in research laboratories for electrophoresis, chromatography, and electron microscopy and in the sewage and wastewater treatment industries.
  
• Acrylamides [M0000268]
  Colorless, odorless crystals that are used extensively in research laboratories for the preparation of polyacrylamide gels for electrophoresis and in organic synthesis, and polymerization. Some of its polymers are used in sewage and wastewater treatment, permanent press fabrics, and as soil conditioning agents.
  
• Acrylates [M0000269]
  
• Acrylic Bone Cement [M0029563]
  
• Acrylonitrile [M0000271]
  A highly poisonous compound used widely in the manufacture of plastics, adhesives and synthetic rubber.
  
• Actidil [M0022016]
  
• Actidione [M0372337]
  
• Actihaemyl [M0000273]
  An extract from calf blood containing inorganic salts, amino acids, polypeptides and purines, but no proteins nor antigenic substances or blood group characteristics. Its exact composition is unknown. It has been proposed as a radiation-protective agent.
  
• Actimoxi [M0454524]
  
• Actinex [M0352311]
  
• Acular [M0333554]
  
• Acupan [M0014550]
  
• Acylpyrin [M0001871]
  
• Adalat [M0014849]
  
• Adamantane [M0000336]
  A tricyclo bridged hydrocarbon.
  
• Adancor [M0463082]
  
• Adaptic [M0329216]
  Trade name for Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate Homopolymer
  
• Adaquin [M0474990]
  
• Adebit [M0350939]
  
• Adekin [M0432249]
  
• Adipex-P [M0016533]
  
• Adipic Acids [M0000424]
  A group of dicarboxylic acids that are structurally related to hexanedioic acid (adipic acid). (From Stedman, 25th ed)
  
• Admon [M0463280]
  
• ADR-529 [M0363547]
  
• Adrenaline Bitartrate [M0362233]
  
• Adrenaline Hydrochloride [M0007582]
  
• Adrenam [M0477834]
  
• Adrenochrome [M0000498]
  Pigment obtained by the oxidation of epinephrine.
  
• Adriablastine [M0006788]
  
• Adriamycin [M0006785]
  
• Adrimedac [M0479790]
  
• Adumbran [M0353487]
  
• Advantage-S [M0418447]
  A spermicidal contraceptive vaginal gel that contains nonoxynol-9 (N-9), available without prescription
  
• Aequamen [M0002429]
  
• Aerolate [M0353810]
  
• Aerosol OT [M0006485]
  
• AF-1161 [M0361359]
  
• AF-2 [M0352065]
  
• Afalon [M0352405]
  
• Afazol Grin [M0462892]
  
• Aflatoxin B [M0025322]
  
• Aflatoxin B1 [M0025321]
  A potent hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic mycotoxin produced by the Aspergillus flavus group of fungi. It is also mutagenic, teratogenic, and causes immunosuppression in animals. It is found as a contaminant in peanuts, cottonseed meal, corn, and other grains. The mycotoxin requires epoxidation to aflatoxin B1 2,3-oxide for activation. Microsomal monooxygenases biotransform the toxin to the less toxic metabolites aflatoxin M1 and Q1.
  
• Aflatoxin B1 Dihydrochloride, (6aR-cis)-Isomer [M0331347]
  
• Aflatoxin B1, (6aR-cis)-Isomer, 14C-Labeled [M0331344]
  
• Aflatoxin B1, (6aR-cis)-Isomer, 2H-Labeled [M0331345]
  
• Aflatoxin B1, (6aR-cis)-Isomer, 3H-Labeled [M0331346]
  
• Aflatoxin B1, cis(+,-)-Isomer [M0331343]
  
• Aflatoxin M [M0025325]
  
• Aflatoxin M1 [M0025324]
  A 4-hydroxylated metabolite of AFLATOXIN B1, one of the MYCOTOXINS from ASPERGILLUS tainted food. It is associated with LIVER damage and cancer resulting from its P450 activation to the epoxide which alkylates DNA. Toxicity depends on the balance of liver enzymes that activate it (CYTOCHROME P-450) and others that detoxify it (GLUTATHIONE S TRANSFERASE) (Pharmac Ther 50.443 1991). Primates & rat are sensitive while mouse and hamster are tolerant (Canc Res 29.236 1969).
  
• Aflatoxin M1, cis(+-)-Isomer [M0331348]
  
• Aflatoxins [M0000533]
  Furano-furano-benzopyrans that are produced by ASPERGILLUS from STERIGMATOCYSTIN. They are structurally related to COUMARINS and easily oxidized to an epoxide form to become ALKYLATING AGENTS. Members of the group include AFLATOXIN B1; aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, aflatoxin G2; AFLATOXIN M1; and aflatoxin M2.
  
• Afonilum [M0432651]
  
• Afonilum Retard [M0353811]
  
• Aftate [M0476658]
  
• Afungil [M0004209]
  
• AG 1343 [M0353763]
  
• Agapurin [M0016200]
  
• Agaroletten [M0477363]
  
• Agmatine [M0000576]
  Decarboxylated arginine, isolated from several plant and animal sources, e.g., pollen, ergot, herring sperm, octopus muscle.
  
• Agon [M0478122]
  
• Agostilben [M0006358]
  
• Agroxone [M0351751]
  
• Agyrax [M0473868]
  
• AH-19065 [M0353201]
  
• AH-5158 [M0012102]
  
• AHR-1911 [M0352392]
  
• Aiglonyl [M0475975]
  
• Aimax [M0352395]
  
• Ajan [M0369471]
  
• Ajmaline [M0000613]
  An alkaloid found in the root of Rauwolfia serpentina, among other plant sources. It is a class Ia antiarrhythmic agent that apparently acts by changing the shape and threshold of cardiac action potentials.
  
• AK-Con [M0462894]
  
• AK-Sulf [M0475853]
  
• Ak-Zol [M0431659]
  
• Akamin [M0474853]
  
• AKBeta [M0463365]
  
• Akineton [M0002569]
  
• Akne-Puren [M0474854]
  
• Aknemin [M0474855]
  
• Aknin-Mino [M0474856]
  
• Aknosan [M0474857]
  
• Alavert [M0446775]
  
• Albalon [M0462893]
  
• Albendazole [M0024161]
  A benzimidazole broad-spectrum anthelmintic structurally related to MEBENDAZOLE that is effective against many diseases. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p38)
  
• Albendazole Monohydrochloride [M0331350]
  
• Albendoral [M0431880]
  
• Albetol [M0012101]
  
• Albucid [M0020738]
  
• Albuterol [M0000631]
  A racemic mixture with a 1:1 ratio of the r-isomer, levalbuterol, and s-albuterol. It is a short-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist with its main clinical use in ASTHMA.
  
• Albuterol Sulfate [M0000633]
  
• Alcar [M0000164]
  
• Alcian Blue [M0000640]
  A copper-containing dye used as a gelling agent for lubricants, for staining of bacteria and for the dyeing of histiocytes and fibroblasts in vivo.
  
• Alcohols [M0000663]
  Alkyl compounds containing a hydroxyl group. They are classified according to relation of the carbon atom: primary alcohols, R-CH2OH; secondary alcohols, R2-CHOH; tertiary alcohols, R3-COH. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
  
• Alcophobin [M0006602]
  
• Alcuronium [M0000669]
  A non-depolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant similar to TUBOCURARINE. It is used as an anesthesia adjuvant.
  
• Alcuronium Chloride [M0330741]
  
• Aldehydes [M0000679]
  Organic compounds containing a carbonyl group in the form -CHO.
  
• Aldicarb [M0000680]
  Carbamate derivative used as an insecticide, acaricide, and nematocide.
  
• Aldizem [M0353524]
  
• Aldocumar [M0476572]
  
• Aldoximes [M0431070]
  Oximes derived from ALDEHYDES.
  
• Aldrin [M0000688]
  A highly poisonous substance that was formerly used as an insecticide. The manufacture and use has been discontinued in the U.S. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Alerlisin [M0477944]
  
• Alermizol [M0434733]
  
• Aleve [M0360811]
  
• Alfacid [M0475036]
  
• Alfamedin [M0485271]
  
• Alfenta [M0024146]
  
• Alfentanil [M0024147]
  A short-acting opioid anesthetic and analgesic derivative of FENTANYL. It produces an early peak analgesic effect and fast recovery of consciousness. Alfentanil is effective as an anesthetic during surgery, for supplementation of analgesia during surgical procedures, and as an analgesic for critically ill patients.
  
• Alfentanil Hydrochloride [M0329444]
  
• Algopyrin [M0372398]
  
• Algotropyl [M0000116]
  
• Alkadienes [M0000709]
  Acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having two carbon-carbon double bonds.
  
• Alkaline Hematin D-575 [M0010074]
  
• Alkaloids [M0000713]
  Organic nitrogenous bases. Many alkaloids of medical importance occur in the animal and vegetable kingdoms, and some have been synthesized. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
  
• Alkanes [M0000716]
  The generic name for the group of aliphatic hydrocarbons Cn-H2n+2. They are denoted by the suffix -ane. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
  
• Alkanesulfonates [M0000720]
  Organic esters or salts of sulfonic acid derivatives containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical.
  
• Alkanesulfonic Acids [M0026805]
  Sulfonic acid derivatives that are substituted with an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.
  
• Alkenes [M0000718]
  Unsaturated hydrocarbons of the type Cn-H2n, indicated by the suffix -ene. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p408)
  
• Alkyl Glyceryl Ethers [M0009423]
  
• Alkyldimethylbenzylammonium Chloride [M0002326]
  
• Alkylmercury Compounds [M0000723]
  Organic mercury compounds in which the mercury is attached to an alkyl group.
  
• Alkynes [M0000724]
  Hydrocarbons with at least one triple bond in the linear portion, of the general formula Cn-H2n-2.
  
• All Clear [M0462942]
  
• Allantoin [M0000725]
  A urea hydantoin that is found in URINE and PLANTS and is used in dermatological preparations.
  
• Aller-Chlor [M0478189]
  
• Allerdryl [M0369592]
  
• Allergipuran [M0465107]
  
• Allethrin [M0000732]
  Synthetic analogs of the naturally occurring insecticides cinerin, jasmolin, and pyrethrin. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Alloferin [M0351185]
  
• Allohexal [M0451762]
  
• Allomelanins [M0472973]
  Melanins of the plant kingdom.
  
• Alloprin [M0451763]
  
• Allopurin [M0451764]
  
• Allopurinol [M0000745]
  A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.
  
• Allorin [M0451781]
  
• Allpargin [M0451782]
  
• Allural [M0451797]
  
• Allyl Compounds [M0000750]
  
• Allylamine [M0000751]
  Possesses an unusual and selective cytotoxicity for vascular smooth muscle cells in dogs and rats. Useful for experiments dealing with arterial injury, myocardial fibrosis or cardiac decompensation.
  
• Allylisopropylacetamide [M0000754]
  An allylic compound that acts as a suicide inactivator of CYTOCHROME P450 by covalently binding to its heme moiety or surrounding protein.
  
• Almirid [M0485092]
  
• Almitrine [M0024158]
  A respiratory stimulant that enhances respiration by acting as an agonist of peripheral chemoreceptors located on the carotid bodies. The drug increases arterial oxygen tension while decreasing arterial carbon dioxide tension in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It may also prove useful in the treatment of nocturnal oxygen desaturation without impairing the quality of sleep.
  
• Almitrine Dimesylate [M0329453]
  
• Almitrine Monomesylate [M0329452]
  
• ALO-1401-02 [M0333058]
  
• Alocril [M0476699]
  
• Alodorm [M0476754]
  
• Aloe Emodin [M0007303]
  
• Alophen Brand of Bisacodyl [M0477364]
  
• Alotec [M0373119]
  
• Aloxiprimum [M0001863]
  
• alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid [M0027584]
  An IBOTENIC ACID homolog and glutamate agonist. The compound is the defining agonist for the AMPA subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, AMPA). It has been used as a radionuclide imaging agent but is more commonly used as an experimental tool in cell biological studies.
  
• alpha-Aminotoluene [M0002391]
  
• alpha-Chlorohydrin [M0000786]
  A chlorinated propanediol compound that has shown anti-fertility activity in males and has been used as a chemosterilant in rodents.
  
• alpha-Endosulfan [M0007427]
  
• Alphaprodine [M0000798]
  An opioid analgesic chemically related to and with an action resembling that of MEPERIDINE, but more rapid in onset and of shorter duration. It has been used in obstetrics, as pre-operative medication, for minor surgical procedures, and for dental procedures. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1067)
  
• Alphaprodine Hydrochloride [M0330746]
  
• Alpheprol [M0000808]
  
• Alprazolam [M0000806]
  A triazolobenzodiazepine compound with antianxiety and sedative-hypnotic actions, that is efficacious in the treatment of PANIC DISORDERS, with or without AGORAPHOBIA, and in generalized ANXIETY DISORDERS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p238)
  
• Alprenolol [M0000809]
  One of the ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS used as an antihypertensive, anti-anginal, and anti-arrhythmic agent.
  
• Alprenolol Hydrochloride [M0000810]
  
• Alprox [M0432029]
  
• Alrheumat [M0352656]
  
• Alrheumum [M0011997]
  
• Alseroxylon [M0018532]
  An alkaloidal extract from RAUWOLFIA.
  
• Altodor [M0351831]
  
• Altosid [M0351551]
  
• Altosid PS-10 [M0351550]
  
• Altramet [M0004480]
  
• Altretamine [M0010310]
  An alkylating agent proposed as an antineoplastic. It also acts as a chemosterilant for male houseflies and other insects.
  
• Alumino-4-Aminosalicylic Acid [M0015720]
  
• Aluminum Nitrilotriacetate [M0014879]
  
• Aluminum Oxalate [M0015624]
  
• Alupent [M0015387]
  
• Alvit-55 [M0351866]
  
• Alyrane [M0485305]
  
• AM-0715 [M0353993]
  
• AM-833 [M0353991]
  
• Aman [M0432309]
  
• Amanta [M0432289]
  
• Amanta-HCI-AZU [M0432290]
  
• Amanta-Sulfate-AZU [M0432314]
  
• Amantadin AL [M0432310]
  
• Amantadin Stada [M0432291]
  
• Amantadin-neuraxpharm [M0432311]
  
• Amantadin-ratiopharm [M0432292]
  
• Amantadina Juventus [M0432293]
  
• Amantadina Llorente [M0432294]
  
• Amantadine [M0000847]
  An antiviral that is used in the prophylactic or symptomatic treatment of influenza A. It is also used as an antiparkinsonian agent, to treat extrapyramidal reactions, and for postherpetic neuralgia. The mechanisms of its effects in movement disorders are not well understood but probably reflect an increase in synthesis and release of dopamine, with perhaps some inhibition of dopamine uptake.
  
• Amantadine Hydrochloride [M0330750]
  
• Amantadine Sulfate [M0000848]
  
• Amaranth Dye [M0000852]
  A sulfonic acid-based naphthylazo dye used as a coloring agent for foodstuffs and medicines and as a dye and chemical indicator. It was banned by the FDA in 1976 for use in foods, drugs, and cosmetics. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids [M0456568]
  Alkaloids derived from TYRAMINE combined with 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde via a norbelladine pathway, including GALANTAMINE, lycorine and crinine. They are found in the Amaryllidaceae (LILIACEAE) plant family.
  
• Ambathizon [M0352347]
  
• Ambenonium Chloride [M0000853]
  A quaternary ammonium compound that is an inhibitor of cholinesterase activity with actions similar to those of NEOSTIGMINE, but of longer duration. Ambenonium is given by mouth in the treatment of myasthenia gravis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1112)
  
• Amber [M0027940]
  A yellowish fossil resin, the gum of several species of coniferous trees, found in the alluvial deposits of northeastern Germany. It is used in molecular biology in the analysis of organic matter fossilized in amber.
  
• Ambilar [M0353324]
  
• Amboclorin [M0372324]
  
• Ambril [M0451772]
  
• Ambro-Puren [M0451968]
  
• Ambrobeta [M0451969]
  
• Ambrofur [M0451970]
  
• Ambrolitic [M0451971]
  
• AMBROPP [M0451972]
  
• Ambroten [M0451770]
  
• Ambroxin [M0451978]
  
• Ambroxol [M0000855]
  A metabolite of BROMHEXINE that stimulates mucociliary action and clears the air passages in the respiratory tract. It is usually administered as the hydrochloride.
  
• Ambush [M0056346]
  
• Amchafibrin [M0476861]
  
• Amcill [M0353701]
  
• Amdinocillin [M0000876]
  Amidinopenicillanic acid derivative with broad spectrum antibacterial action. It is poorly absorbed if given orally and is used in urinary infections and typhus.
  
• Amdinocillin Pivoxil [M0000877]
  Pivaloyloxymethyl ester of amdinocillin that is well absorbed orally, but broken down to amdinocillin in the intestinal mucosa. It is active against gram-negative organisms and used as for amdinocillin.
  
• Americaine [M0351623]
  
• Ametycine [M0353144]
  
• Amidal [M0432514]
  
• Amides [M0000897]
  Organic compounds containing the -CO-NH2 radical. Amides are derived from acids by replacement of -OH by -NH2 or from ammonia by the replacement of H by an acyl group. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
  
• Amidines [M0000898]
  
• Amido Black [M0000900]
  A dye used to stain proteins in electrophoretic techniques. It is used interchangeably with its acid form.
  
• Amido Black, Dilithium salt [M0330754]
  
• Amido Black, Sodium salt [M0330753]
  
• Amidolacetate [M0351995]
  
• Amidonal [M0434049]
  
• Amidone [M0013545]
  
• Amidotricoic Acid [M0006227]
  
• Amidotrizoic Acid [M0006223]
  
• Amiduret Trom [M0432515]
  
• AMIF-72 [M0003103]
  
• Amiloberag [M0432516]
  
• Amiloride [M0000906]
  A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705)
  
• Amiloride Hydrochloride [M0330756]
  
• Amiloride Hydrochloride, Anhydrous [M0330757]
  
• Aminacrine [M0000909]
  A highly fluorescent anti-infective dye used clinically as a topical antiseptic and experimentally as a mutagen, due to its interaction with DNA. It is also used as an intracellular pH indicator.
  
• Aminacrine Hydrochloride [M0000910]
  
• Aminazine [M0418365]
  
• Amines [M0000913]
  A group of compounds derived from ammonia by substituting organic radicals for the hydrogens. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
  
• Amineurin [M0433234]
  
• Amino Alcohols [M0000931]
  Compounds possessing both a hydroxyl (-OH) and an amino group (-NH2).
  
• Aminoacetonitrile [M0000933]
  Cyanomethylamine.
  
• Aminoacridines [M0000935]
  Acridines which are substituted in any position by one or more amino groups or substituted amino groups.
  
• Aminobenzoic Acids [M0000936]
  BENZOIC ACID substituted with an amino group. They can either be mono-, di-, or tri- substituted. Para-aminobenzoic acid (see 4-AMINOBENZOIC ACID) is considered a member of the vitamin b complex.
  
• Aminobiphenyl Compounds [M0000938]
  Biphenyl compounds substituted in any position by one or more amino groups. Permitted are any substituents except fused rings.
  
• Aminocoumarins [M0471140]
  COUMARINS with an amino group, exemplified by NOVOBIOCIN.
  
• Aminodur [M0432652]
  
• Aminoform [M0351276]
  
• Aminoglutethimide [M0000944]
  An aromatase inhibitor that produces a state of "medical" adrenalectomy by blocking the production of adrenal steroids. It also blocks the conversion of androgens to estrogens. Aminoglutethimide has been used in the treatment of advanced breast and prostate cancer. It was formerly used for its weak anticonvulsant properties. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p454)
  
• Aminohippurate Sodium [M0432631]
  
• Aminohippuric Acids [M0000947]
  A group of glycine amides of aminobenzoic acids.
  
• Aminoimidazole Carboxamide [M0000949]
  An imidazole derivative which is a metabolite of the antineoplastic agents BIC and DIC. By itself, or as the ribonucleotide, it is used as a condensation agent in the preparation of nucleosides and nucleotides. Compounded with orotic acid, it is used to treat liver diseases.
  
• Aminooxyacetate [M0000956]
  
• Aminooxyacetic Acid [M0000955]
  A compound that inhibits aminobutyrate aminotransferase activity in vivo, thereby raising the level of gamma-aminobutyric acid in tissues.
  
• Aminophenols [M0000958]
  Phenols substituted in any position by an amino group.
  
• Aminophyllin [M0432653]
  
• Aminophylline [M0000959]
  A drug combination that contains THEOPHYLLINE and ethylenediamine. It is more soluble in water than theophylline but has similar pharmacologic actions. It's most common use is in bronchial asthma, but it has been investigated for several other applications.
  
• Aminophylline DF [M0432654]
  
• Aminopropionitrile [M0000960]
  3-Aminopropanenitrile. Reagent used as an intermediate in the manufacture of beta-alanine and pantothenic acid.
  
• Aminopt [M0432519]
  
• Aminopterin [M0000962]
  A folic acid derivative used as a rodenticide that has been shown to be teratogenic.
  
• Aminopterin Sodium [M0331223]
  
• Aminopterin, Disodium Salt [M0331224]
  
• Aminopyridines [M0000964]
  Pyridines substituted in any position with an amino group. May be hydrogenated, but must retain at least one double bond.
  
• Aminopyrine [M0000965]
  A pyrazolone with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties but has risk of AGRANULOCYTOSIS. A breath test with 13C-labeled aminopyrine has been used as a non-invasive measure of CYTOCHROME P-450 metabolic activity in LIVER FUNCTION TESTS.
  
• Aminoquinolines [M0000967]
  Quinolines substituted in any position by one or more amino groups.
  
• Aminorex [M0000968]
  An amphetamine-like anorectic agent. It may cause pulmonary hypertension.
  
• Aminosalicylic Acid [M0000970]
  
• Aminosalicylic Acids [M0000971]
  A group of 2-hydroxybenzoic acids that can be substituted by amino groups at any of the 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-positions.
  
• Aminotoluene [M0021642]
  
• Amiobeta [M0433209]
  
• Amiodarona [M0433211]
  
• Amiodarone [M0000973]
  An antianginal and antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting Na,K-activated myocardial adenosine triphosphatase. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance.
  
• Amiohexal [M0433212]
  
• Amipak [M0351943]
  
• Amitrip [M0433236]
  
• Amitriptylin beta [M0433251]
  
• Amitriptylin Desitin [M0433289]
  
• Amitriptylin RPh [M0433290]
  
• Amitriptylin-neuraxpharm [M0433291]
  
• Amitriptyline [M0000975]
  Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antagonize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines.
  
• Amitriptyline Hydrochloride [M0330766]
  
• Amitrol [M0433237]
  
• Amitrole [M0000980]
  A non-selective post-emergence, translocated herbicide. According to the Seventh Annual Report on Carcinogens (PB95-109781, 1994) this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (From Merck Index, 12th ed) It is an irreversible inhibitor of CATALASE, and thus impairs activity of peroxisomes.
  
• Amixx [M0432296]
  
• Amizepine [M0354003]
  
• Amizyl [M0002302]
  
• Amlodipine [M0026284]
  A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension.
  
• Amlodipine Besylate [M0373070]
  
• Amlodipine Maleate [M0329296]
  
• Amlodipine, (+-)-Isomer [M0329292]
  
• Amlodipine, (+-)-Isomer, Maleate (1:1) [M0329294]
  
• Amlodipine, (R)-Isomer [M0329293]
  
• Amlodipine, (S)-Isomer, Maleate (1:1) [M0329295]
  
• Ammonium Acid Urate [M0022337]
  
• Ammonium Aurintricarboxylate [M0330823]
  
• Ammonium Oxalate [M0329886]
  
• Ammonium Succinate [M0029381]
  
• Amobarbital [M0001000]
  A barbiturate with hypnotic and sedative properties (but not antianxiety). Adverse effects are mainly a consequence of dose-related CNS depression and the risk of dependence with continued use is high. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p565)
  
• Amobarbital Sodium [M0330770]
  
• Amodiaquine [M0001005]
  A 4-aminoquinoquinoline compound with anti-inflammatory properties.
  
• Amodiaquine Hydrochloride [M0496322]
  
• Amoxapine [M0001008]
  The N-demethylated derivative of the antipsychotic agent LOXAPINE that works by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine, serotonin, or both. It also blocks dopamine receptors.
  
• Amoxicillin [M0001009]
  A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.
  
• Amoxicillin monopotassium salt [M0330773]
  
• Amoxicillin monosodium salt [M0330772]
  
• Amoxicillin trihydrate [M0330774]
  
• Amoxicillin, (R*)-isomer [M0330771]
  
• Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination [M0029678]
  A fixed-ratio combination of amoxicillin trihydrate (see AMOXICILLIN), an aminopenicillin, and potassium clavulanate (see CLAVULANIC ACID), a beta-lactamase inhibitor, used to treat a broad-spectrum of bacterial infections, especially resistant strains.
  
• Amoxil [M0001010]
  
• AMPA, (+-)-Isomer [M0329158]
  
• AMPA, (R)-Isomer [M0329160]
  
• AMPA, (R)-Isomer, Monohydrobromide [M0329161]
  
• AMPA, (S)-Isomer [M0329159]
  
• AMPA, (S)-Isomer, Monohydrobromide [M0329162]
  
• Amphetamine [M0001012]
  A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.
  
• Amphetamine Sulfate [M0331305]
  
• Amphetamines [M0001015]
  Analogs or derivatives of AMPHETAMINE. Many are sympathomimetics and central nervous system stimulators causing excitation, vasopressin, bronchodilation, and to varying degrees, anorexia, analepsis, nasal decongestion, and some smooth muscle relaxation.
  
• Amphocil [M0352005]
  
• Amphotericin B [M0001021]
  Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.
  
• Amphotericin B Cholesterol Dispersion [M0001023]
  
• Amphotericin B Colloidal Dispersion [M0001024]
  
• Ampicillin [M0001025]
  Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.
  
• Ampicillin Sodium [M0330775]
  
• Ampicillin Trihydrate [M0330776]
  
• Amprol [M0001032]
  
• Amprolium [M0001031]
  Veterinary coccidiostat that interferes with thiamine metabolism. It may cause thiamine deficiency.
  
• Ampyrone [M0001037]
  A metabolite of AMINOPYRINE with analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. It is used as a reagent for biochemical reactions producing peroxides or phenols. Ampyrone stimulates LIVER MICROSOMES and is also used to measure extracellular water.
  
• Amrinone [M0001038]
  A positive inotropic cardiotonic (CARDIOTONIC AGENTS) with vasodilator properties, phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity, and the ability to stimulate calcium ion influx into the cardiac cell.
  
• Amsacrine [M0001039]
  Aminoacridine derivative that is a potent intercalating antineoplastic agent. It is effective in the treatment of acute leukemias and malignant lymphomas, but has poor activity in the treatment of solid tumors. It is frequently used in combination with other antineoplastic agents in chemotherapy protocols. It produces consistent but acceptable myelosuppression and cardiotoxic effects.
  
• Amsal [M0433369]
  
• Amsidine [M0001042]
  
• Amsidyl [M0372296]
  
• Amuno [M0353728]
  
• Amyl Nitrite [M0001045]
  A vasodilator that is administered by inhalation. It is also used recreationally due to its supposed ability to induce euphoria and act as an aphrodisiac.
  
• Amylbarb sodium [M0433370]
  
• Amylobeta [M0433371]
  
• Amytal [M0001003]
  
• Amytal Sodium [M0001004]
  
• AN-448 [M0353736]
  
• Anabactyl [M0003340]
  
• Anabasine [M0001058]
  A piperidine botanical insecticide.
  
• Anacardic Acids [M0462256]
  A group of 6-alkyl SALICYLIC ACIDS that are found in ANACARDIUM and known for causing CONTACT DERMATITIS.
  
• Anacin-3 [M0000118]
  
• Anaesthesin [M0351622]
  
• Anafranil [M0004597]
  
• Analergine [M0001291]
  
• Analgin [M0390943]
  
• Anaprilin [M0350583]
  
• Anaprox [M0014468]
  
• Anapsique [M0433238]
  
• Anaspaz [M0001930]
  
• Ancef [M0003719]
  
• Ancitabine [M0005461]
  Congener of CYTARABINE that is metabolized to cytarabine and thereby maintains a more constant antineoplastic action.
  
• Andiamine [M0010323]
  
• Anecotan [M0351784]
  
• Anectine [M0351531]
  
• Anethole Trithione [M0001171]
  Choleretic used to allay dry mouth and constipation due to tranquilizers.
  
• Angifonil [M0478046]
  
• Anginin [M0352574]
  
• Anginine [M0009431]
  
• Angio-Conray [M0011689]
  
• Angiografin [M0350710]
  
• Angionorm [M0485097]
  
• Angioxine [M0352573]
  
• Anhydrides [M0001213]
  Chemical compounds derived from acids by the elimination of a molecule of water.
  
• Anhydrous Tacrolimus [M0329463]
  
• Anhydrous Zinc Acetate [M0331306]
  
• Anilides [M0001214]
  
• Aniline Compounds [M0001215]
  
• Aniline Mustard [M0001217]
  Alkylating anti-neoplastic agent.
  
• Anilino Naphthalenesulfonates [M0001218]
  A class of organic compounds which contain an anilino (phenylamino) group linked to a salt or ester of naphthalenesulfonic acid. They are frequently used as fluorescent dyes and sulfhydryl reagents.
  
• Anisoles [M0001250]
  A group of compounds that are structurally related to methoxybenzene and contain the general formula R-C7H70.
  
• Anisomycin [M0001251]
  An antibiotic isolated from various Streptomyces species. It interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system.
  
• Anodynin [M0372299]
  
• Anorex [M0432369]
  
• ANP-3624 [M0351758]
  
• Anquil [M0459374]
  
• Ansaid [M0351587]
  
• Ansamycins [M0049215]
  A group of LACTAMS with an aliphatic ansa chain which is linked to a BENZENE or NAPHTHALENE chromophore. Included are RIFAMYCINS, naphthomycins, geldanamycins, streptovaricins, and maytansinoids.
  
• Ansatipin [M0475037]
  
• Anspor [M0351082]
  
• Antabus [M0485243]
  
• Antabuse [M0006601]
  
• Antalon [M0474773]
  
• Antara Micronized Procetofen [M0479287]
  
• Antasten [M0353206]
  
• Antaxone [M0462923]
  
• Antazoline [M0001292]
  An antagonist of histamine H1 receptors.
  
• Antazoline Hydrochloride [M0330778]
  
• Antazoline Phosphate [M0001293]
  
• Antazoline Phosphate (1:1) [M0330777]
  
• Ant�bor [M0475856]
  
• Antelepsin [M0004602]
  
• Antergan [M0005518]
  
• Anthisan [M0473996]
  
• Anthocyanidins [M0402350]
  The aglycone form of anthocyanins.
  
• Anthocyanins [M0001302]
  A group of FLAVONOIDS derived from FLAVONOLS, which lack the ketone oxygen at the 4-position. They are glycosylated versions of cyanidin, pelargonidin or delphinidin. The conjugated bonds result in blue, red, and purple colors in flowers of plants.
  
• Anthracenes [M0001303]
  A group of compounds with three aromatic rings joined in linear arrangement.
  
• Anthracyclines [M0028312]
  Organic compounds that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.
  
• Anthraforte [M0484996]
  
• Anthralin [M0001305]
  An anthracene derivative that disrupts MITOCHONDRIA function and structure and is used for the treatment of DERMATOSES, especially PSORIASIS. It may cause FOLLICULITIS.
  
• Anthramycin [M0001309]
  A broad-spectrum spectrum antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces refuineus var. thermotolerans. It has low toxicity, some activity against Trichomonas and Endamoeba, and inhibits RNA and DNA synthesis. It binds irreversibly to DNA.
  
• Anthramycin, (11a alpha)-Isomer [M0330779]
  
• Anthranilic Acids [M0001313]
  Benzoic acids which are substituted with an amino group in the C-2 position.
  
• Anthraquinones [M0001314]
  Compounds based on ANTHRACENES which contains two KETONES in any position. Substitutions can be in any position except on the ketone groups.
  
• Anthrones [M0443591]
  Anthracenes with one ketone group.
  
• Anti-Worm [M0474729]
  
• Antibiotic 799 [M0352033]
  
• Anticoccid [M0372290]
  
• Anticol [M0006603]
  
• Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic [M0001387]
  Substances that contain a fused three-ring moiety and are used in the treatment of depression. These drugs block the uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin into axon terminals and may block some subtypes of serotonin, adrenergic, and histamine receptors. However the mechanism of their antidepressant effects is not clear because the therapeutic effects usually take weeks to develop and may reflect compensatory changes in the central nervous system.
  
• Antigale [M0467620]
  
• Antihistaminico Llorens [M0478190]
  
• Antiminth [M0353427]
  
• Antimony Gluconic Acid [M0001474]
  
• Antimony Potassium Tartrate [M0001473]
  A schistosomicide possibly useful against other parasites. It has irritant emetic properties and may cause lethal cardiac toxicity among other adverse effects.
  
• Antimony Sodium Gluconate [M0001475]
  Antimony complex where the metal may exist in either the pentavalent or trivalent states. The pentavalent gluconate is used in leishmaniasis. The trivalent gluconate is most frequently used in schistosomiasis.
  
• Antimony Sodium Gluconates [M0001477]
  
• Antimycin A [M0001479]
  An antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces species. It inhibits mitochondrial respiration and may deplete cellular levels of ATP. Antimycin A1 has been used as a fungicide, insecticide, and miticide. (From Merck Index, 12th ed)
  
• Antimycin A1 [M0001480]
  
• Antipyrine [M0001499]
  An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29)
  
• Antisacer [M0353224]
  
• Antistenocardin [M0374378]
  
• Antistine [M0353207]
  
• Antivert [M0473869]
  
• Anturane [M0020777]
  
• Anuject [M0017611]
  
• Anvitoff [M0476862]
  
• Anxut [M0465825]
  
• Anxyrex [M0477431]
  
• Anzatax [M0474878]
  
• Ap-La-Day [M0474412]
  
• Apacef [M0477387]
  
• Aparsonin [M0463241]
  
• Apatef [M0477386]
  
• Apaurin [M0006234]
  
• Apazone [M0001566]
  An anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It also has uricosuric properties and has been used to treat gout.
  
• Apazone Dihydrate [M0330783]
  
• Aphidicolin [M0025305]
  An antiviral antibiotic produced by Cephalosporium aphidicola and other fungi. It inhibits the growth of eukaryotic cells and certain animal viruses by selectively inhibiting the cellular replication of DNA polymerase II or the viral-induced DNA polymerases. The drug may be useful for controlling excessive cell proliferation in patients with cancer, psoriasis or other dermatitis with little or no adverse effect upon non-multiplying cells.
  
• Aphidicolin, (3-S-(3alpha,4beta,4abeta,6aalpha,8alpha,9alpha,11aalpha,11balpha)) [M0329464]
  
• Aphrodyne [M0476585]
  
• Apigenin [M0357150]
  5,7,4'-trihydroxy-flavone, one of the FLAVONES.
  
• Apimid [M0482787]
  
• Apirachol [M0021612]
  
• Apo-Acebutolol [M0431313]
  
• Apo-Acetazolamide [M0431670]
  
• Apo-Alpraz [M0432030]
  
• Apo-Amitriptyline [M0433239]
  
• Apo-Benztropine [M0459460]
  
• Apo-Bisacodyl [M0477365]
  
• Apo-Bromazepam [M0477432]
  
• Apo-Buspirone [M0465826]
  
• Apo-Butorphanol [M0466374]
  
• Apo-Chlorpropamide [M0478304]
  
• Apo-Desipramine [M0485025]
  
• Apo-Diflunisal [M0485069]
  
• Apo-Dimenhydrinate [M0485122]
  
• Apo-Dipyridamole [M0485237]
  
• Apo-Domperidone [M0492509]
  
• Apo-Doxazosin [M0485270]
  
• Apo-Doxepin [M0485390]
  
• Apo-Feno-Micro [M0478143]
  
• Apo-Fluconazole [M0478551]
  
• Apo-Flurazepam [M0478659]
  
• Apo-Flurbiprofen [M0478660]
  
• Apo-Flutamide [M0482788]
  
• Apo-Labetalol [M0463249]
  
• Apo-Levobunolol [M0463366]
  
• Apo-Lorazepam [M0464799]
  
• Apo-Mefenamic [M0473887]
  
• Apo-Minocycline [M0474858]
  
• Apo-Moclobemide [M0474399]
  
• Apo-Nortriptyline [M0464774]
  
• Apo-Pravastatin [M0475483]
  
• Apo-Primidone [M0475723]
  
• Apo-Procainamide [M0475875]
  
• Apo-Propafenone [M0475997]
  
• Apo-Quinidine [M0474991]
  
• Apo-Sertraline [M0475545]
  
• Apo-Sulfinpyrazone [M0475942]
  
• Apo-Sulin [M0476024]
  
• Apo-Temazepam [M0476077]
  
• Apo-Tolbutamide [M0476639]
  
• Apo-Trazodone [M0476869]
  
• Apo-Triazo [M0476882]
  
• Apo-Warfarin [M0476574]
  
• Apocillin [M0351151]
  
• Apokinon [M0434030]
  
• Apomorphin-Teclapharm [M0434031]
  
• Apomorphine [M0001603]
  A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use.
  
• Apomorphine Chloride [M0001604]
  
• Apomorphine Hydrochloride, Anhydrous [M0331310]
  
• Apomorphine Hydrochloride, Hemihydrate [M0331311]
  
• Aponal [M0485389]
  
• Aporphines [M0001606]
  Dibenzoquinolines derived in plants from (S)-reticuline (BENZYLISOQUINOLINES).
  
• Apressoline [M0010679]
  
• Aprindine [M0001626]
  A cardiac depressant used in arrhythmias.
  
• Aprinox [M0459368]
  
• Aprocarb [M0001627]
  
• Apstil [M0485065]
  
• Aptin [M0432071]
  
• Aptina [M0432072]
  
• Aptine [M0432070]
  
• Apulonga [M0451798]
  
• Apurin [M0451799]
  
• AQ-110 [M0021883]
  
• AQL-208 [M0021884]
  
• Aquafol [M0476032]
  
• Aqualin [M0350817]
  
• Aquamephyton [M0373150]
  
• Aquaphyllin [M0353812]
  
• Aquasept [M0476889]
  
• Aquasol A [M0022790]
  
• Aralen [M0004184]
  
• Aramine [M0013527]
  
• Araminol [M0350573]
  
• Aratac [M0433213]
  
• Ardinex [M0354266]
  
• Arecoline [M0001674]
  An alkaloid obtained from the betel nut (Areca catechu), fruit of a palm tree. It is an agonist at both muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. It is used in the form of various salts as a ganglionic stimulant, a parasympathomimetic, and a vermifuge, especially in veterinary practice. It has been used as a euphoriant in the Pacific Islands.
  
• Aremis [M0475546]
  
• Arequin [M0004181]
  
• Arestin [M0474859]
  
• Arima [M0474400]
  
• Aristamid Augensalbe [M0475945]
  
• Aristamid Augentropfen [M0475947]
  
• Aristolochic Acids [M0405368]
  Nitro-phenanthrenes occurring in ARISTOLOCHIACEAE and other plants. They derive from stephanine (APORPHINE) by oxidative ring cleavage. The nitro group is a reactive alkylator (ALKYLATING AGENTS) that binds to biological macromolecules. Ingestion by humans is associated with nephropathy (NEPHRITIS). There is no relationship to the similar named aristolochene (SESQUITERPENES).
  
• Arithmin [M0434009]
  
• Aritmina [M0431777]
  
• Arlidin [M0015130]
  
• Arminol [M0475976]
  
• Armophylline [M0353813]
  
• Aroclor [M0001706]
  
• Aroclor 1254 [M0029849]
  A mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls that induces hepatic microsomal UDP-glucuronyl transferase activity towards thyroxine.
  
• Aroclors [M0001705]
  Industrial chemicals which have become widespread environmental pollutants. Each aroclor is a mixture of chlorinated biphenyls (1200 series) or chlorinated terphenyls (5400 series) or a combination of both (4400 series).
  
• Arolac [M0463973]
  
• Aropax [M0363571]
  
• Arpicolin [M0475951]
  
• Arsanilic Acid [M0001717]
  An arsenical which has been used as a feed additive for enteric conditions in pigs and poultry. It causes blindness and is ototoxic and nephrotoxic in animals.
  
• Arsenamide [M0001720]
  Proposed chemotherapeutic agent against filaria and trichomonas.
  
• Arsenazo III [M0001722]
  Metallochrome indicator that changes color when complexed to the calcium ion under physiological conditions. It is used to measure local calcium ion concentrations in vivo.
  
• Arsobal [M0352108]
  
• Arsphenamine [M0001725]
  
• Artane [M0021973]
  
• Artemisinins [M0413149]
  A group of SESQUITERPENES and their analogs that contain a peroxide group (PEROXIDES) within an oxepin ring (OXEPINS).
  
• Arterenol [M0014966]
  
• Arthrobid [M0350601]
  
• Arthrodont [M0485374]
  
• Artocoron [M0462784]
  
• Artosin [M0476640]
  
• Arubendol [M0476169]
  
• Arufil [M0475326]
  
• Arylsulfonates [M0001775]
  Organic sulfonic acid esters or salts which contain an aromatic hydrocarbon radical.
  
• Arylsulfonic Acids [M0026806]
  Organic sulfonic acid derivatives which contain an aromatic hydrocarbon radical.
  
• Asendin [M0354081]
  
• Asepsol [M0002320]
  
• Aspergillin [M0009276]
  
• Aspirin [M0001864]
  The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5)
  
• Asta C 4898 [M0006430]
  
• ASTA-D 7093 [M0332065]
  
• Astemina [M0434734]
  
• Astemizol Alonga [M0434735]
  
• Astemizol ratiopharm [M0434736]
  
• Astemizole [M0025303]
  A long-acting, non-sedative antihistaminic used in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis, asthma, allergic conjunctivitis, and chronic idiopathic urticaria. The drug is well tolerated and has no anticholinergic side effects.
  
• Astesen [M0434737]
  
• Asthmoprotect [M0476170]
  
• Astmopent [M0015384]
  
• Astudal [M0433349]
  
• AT-2266 [M0353773]
  
• Atabrine [M0018333]
  
• Atarax [M0010796]
  
• Atenolol [M0001900]
  A cardioselective beta-adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.
  
• Athromidin [M0351464]
  
• Atisuril [M0451870]
  
• Ativan [M0012697]
  
• Atosil [M0017711]
  
• Atovaquone [M0173858]
  A hydroxynaphthoquinone that has antimicrobial activity and is being used in antimalarial protocols.
  
• Atoxyl [M0001718]
  
• Atractyloside [M0001921]
  A glycoside of a kaurene type diterpene that is found in some plants including Atractylis gummifera (ATRACTYLIS); COFFEE; XANTHIUM, and CALLILEPIS. Toxicity is due to inhibition of ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCASE.
  
• Atracurium [M0001922]
  A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with short duration of action. Its lack of significant cardiovascular effects and its lack of dependence on good kidney function for elimination provide clinical advantage over alternate non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents.
  
• Atracurium Besylate [M0330821]
  
• Atrazine [M0001925]
  A selective triazine herbicide. Inhalation hazard is low and there are no apparent skin manifestations or other toxicity in humans. Acutely poisoned sheep and cattle may show muscular spasms, fasciculations, stiff gait, increased respiratory rates, adrenal degeneration, and congestion of the lungs, liver, and kidneys. (From The Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Atrenyl [M0351181]
  
• Atromid [M0004583]
  
• AtroPen [M0440417]
  
• Atropin Augen�l [M0440418]
  
• Atropine [M0001931]
  An alkaloid, originally from Atropa belladonna, but found in other plants, mainly SOLANACEAE.
  
• Atropine Derivatives [M0001936]
  Analogs and derivatives of atropine.
  
• Atropine Sulfate [M0001935]
  
• Atropine Sulfate, 3(S)-endo-Isomer [M0331323]
  
• Atropine, 3(S)-endo-Isomer [M0331322]
  
• Atropinol [M0440419]
  
• Atrovent [M0014401]
  
• Atsefen [M0351754]
  
• Augmentin [M0029680]
  
• Auramine O [M0351188]
  
• Auranofin [M0001971]
  An oral chrysotherapeutic agent for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Its exact mechanism of action is unknown, but it is believed to act via immunological mechanisms and alteration of lysosomal enzyme activity. Its efficacy is slightly less than that of injected gold salts, but it is better tolerated, and side effects which occur are potentially less serious.
  
• Aureocyclin [M0004214]
  
• Aureomycin [M0363568]
  
• Aureotan [M0440879]
  
• Aurintricarboxylate [M0001975]
  
• Aurintricarboxylic Acid [M0001974]
  A dye which inhibits protein biosynthesis at the initial stages. The ammonium salt (aluminon) is a reagent for the colorimetric estimation of aluminum in water, foods, and tissues.
  
• Aurintricarboxylic Acid, Calcium (1:3) Salt [M0330825]
  
• Aurintricarboxylic Acid, Calcium (2:3) Salt [M0330824]
  
• Aurintricarboxylic Acid, Trisodium Salt [M0330822]
  
• Aurolate [M0475556]
  
• Auromyose [M0440880]
  
• Aurorix [M0106136]
  
• Aurothioglucose [M0009526]
  A thioglucose derivative used as an antirheumatic and experimentally to produce obesity in animals.
  
• Aurothioglucose, beta-D Isomer [M0330217]
  
• Aurothioglucose, Sodium Salt, beta-D Isomer [M0330218]
  
• Aurothiomalate [M0009528]
  
• Aurovertins [M0001976]
  Very toxic and complex pyrone derivatives from the fungus Calcarisporium arbuscula. They bind to and inhibit mitochondrial ATPase, thereby uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation. They are used as biochemical tools.
  
• Auxins [M0002020]
  Organic compounds found in plant sprouts. They promote tissue growth through cell elongation rather than multiplication.
  
• Avadex BW [M0351508]
  
• Avatec [M0012242]
  
• Aventyl [M0464773]
  
• Avigilen [M0474894]
  
• Avil [M0369515]
  
• Aviomarin [M0351202]
  
• Avipron [M0004196]
  
• Avlocardyl [M0350579]
  
• Avlosulfone [M0372340]
  
• Axid [M0025274]
  
• Axonyl [M0474895]
  
• Axura [M0474758]
  
• AY 22-989 [M0352047]
  
• AY-20694 [M0017775]
  
• AY-23,028 [M0350541]
  
• AY-24,236 [M0352534]
  
• AY-9944 [M0464445]
  
• Aza Compounds [M0002056]
  
• Aza Crown Compounds [M0456960]
  Macrocyclic polyamines related to aza-oxa crowns (CROWN ETHERS).
  
• Aza-Oxa Crown Ethers [M0456963]
  
• Aza-Thia Crown Compounds [M0456961]
  
• Azactam [M0002091]
  
• Azaguanine [M0002061]
  One of the early purine analogs showing antineoplastic activity. It functions as an antimetabolite and is easily incorporated into ribonucleic acids.
  
• Azaperone [M0002062]
  A butyrophenone used in the treatment of PSYCHOSES.
  
• Azaron [M0476925]
  
• Azathioprine [M0002065]
  An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Azathioprine Sodium Salt [M0331325]
  
• Azathioprine Sulfate [M0331324]
  
• Azepines [M0002069]
  Seven membered heterocyclic rings containing a NITROGEN atom.
  
• Azetidines [M0002072]
  
• Azetines [M0002073]
  
• Aziridines [M0002076]
  Saturated azacyclopropane compounds. They include compounds with substitutions on CARBON or NITROGEN atoms.
  
• Azirines [M0002077]
  Unsaturated azacyclopropane compounds that are three-membered heterocycles of a nitrogen and two carbon atoms.
  
• Azithromycin [M0027129]
  A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.
  
• Azithromycin Dihydrate [M0329138]
  
• Azithromycin Monohydrate [M0329139]
  
• Azlin [M0351109]
  
• Azlocillin [M0002078]
  A semisynthetic ampicillin-derived acylureido penicillin.
  
• Azlocillin Sodium (Sterile) [M0002080]
  
• Azo Compounds [M0002081]
  
• Azo-Dine [M0474749]
  
• Azo-Gesic [M0474750]
  
• Azo-Natural [M0474751]
  
• Azo-Standard [M0474752]
  
• Azocines [M0002082]
  
• Azoles [M0002083]
  Five membered rings containing a NITROGEN atom.
  
• Azophenylarsonate [M0015723]
  
• Azoxymethane [M0002089]
  A potent carcinogen and neurotoxic compound. It is particularly effective in inducing colon carcinomas.
  
• Aztreonam [M0002090]
  A monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic originally isolated from Chromobacterium violaceum. It is resistant to beta-lactamases and is used in gram-negative infections, especially of the meninges, bladder, and kidneys. It may cause a superinfection with gram-positive organisms.
  
• Azufibrat [M0460238]
  
• Azulenes [M0483533]
  Compounds based on a seven-membered ring fused to a five-membered ring. Heat can rearrange them to NAPHTHALENES which have two fused six-membered rings. They are similar to guaiazulenes which are SESQUITERPENES with a six-membered ring fused to a five-membered ring.
  
• Azulfidine [M0019367]
  
• Azunaftil [M0462785]
  
• Azure Stains [M0002092]
  PHENOTHIAZINES with an amino group at the 3-position that are green crystals or powder. They are used as biological stains.
  
• B-15,000 [M0353503]
  
• B-663 [M0354093]
  
• B.A.L. [M0485228]
  
• B10-9359 [M0351973]
  
• Ba 2756 [M0353205]
  
• Ba-34,276 [M0013022]
  
• Bacteriochlorophyll A [M0002135]
  A specific bacteriochlorophyll that is similar in structure to CHLOROPHYLL A.
  
• Bacteriochlorophylls [M0002133]
  Pyrrole containing pigments found in photosynthetic bacteria.
  
• Bactidol [M0449826]
  
• Bactifor [M0024005]
  
• Bactrim [M0024003]
  
• BAL in Oil [M0485227]
  
• Balkis Saft Spezial [M0476191]
  
• Balminil [M0463336]
  
• Banminth [M0361644]
  
• Bantenol [M0474730]
  
• Banworm [M0474731]
  
• Barbamyl [M0001001]
  
• Barbital [M0002175]
  A long-acting barbiturate that depresses most metabolic processes at high doses. It is used as a hypnotic and sedative and may induce dependence. Barbital is also used in veterinary practice for central nervous system depression.
  
• Barbiturates [M0002177]
  A class of chemicals derived from barbituric acid or thiobarbituric acid. Many of these are GABA MODULATORS used as HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES, as ANESTHETICS, or as ANTICONVULSANTS.
  
• Baridium [M0474753]
  
• Basic Orange 3RN [M0373511]
  
• Basodexan [M0373263]
  
• Batel [M0460098]
  
• Batrachotoxins [M0002230]
  Batrachotoxin is the 20-alpha-bromobenzoate of batrachotoxin A; they are toxins from the venom of a small Colombian frog, Phyllobates aurotaenia, cause release of acetylcholine, destruction of synaptic vesicles and depolarization of nerve and muscle fibers.
  
• Baxarytmon [M0017735]
  
• Bay 3504 [M0351812]
  
• Bay b 5097 [M0353209]
  
• Bay e 5009 [M0373560]
  
• Bay e 9736 [M0332201]
  
• Bay G 2821 [M0373557]
  
• Bay K 5552 [M0373900]
  
• Bay n 5595 [M0353401]
  
• Bay-09867 [M0353988]
  
• Bay-1040 [M0369481]
  
• BAY-a-1040 [M0369480]
  
• Bay-e 6905 [M0351108]
  
• Bay-f 1353 [M0351111]
  
• Bay-K-8644 [M0464447]
  
• Bay-K-8644, (+)-Isomer [M0330830]
  
• Bay-K-8644, (+-)-Isomer [M0330828]
  
• Bay-K-8644, (-)-Isomer [M0330829]
  
• Bay-R-5417 [M0002233]
  
• BAY-Va 1470 [M0023072]
  
• Bayer 2353 [M0350861]
  
• Bayer 2502 [M0352067]
  
• Bayer 3625 [M0351845]
  
• Bayer 5360 [M0352077]
  
• Bayer 70143 [M0351485]
  
• Bayer 73 [M0014829]
  
• Bayer 9015 [M0351844]
  
• Baygon [M0361419]
  
• Bayluscide [M0014830]
  
• Baypresol [M0463338]
  
• Baypress [M0463337]
  
• BC-105 [M0353424]
  
• BC-2627 [M0352884]
  
• B�agyne [M0478552]
  
• Becaptan [M0351203]
  
• Befibrat [M0460239]
  
• Beforal [M0352885]
  
• Bekunis Bisacodyl [M0477366]
  
• BellaCarotin [M0459878]
  
• Belladonna Alkaloids [M0002300]
  Alkaloids obtained from various plants, especially the deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna), variety acuminata; atropine, hyoscyamine and scopolamine are classical, specific antimuscarinic agents with many pharmacologic actions; used mainly as antispasmodics.
  
• Beloc-Duriles [M0350815]
  
• Belustine [M0012678]
  
• Bemegride [M0002301]
  A CNS stimulant that is used to induce convulsions in experimental animals. It has also been used as a respiratory stimulant and in the treatment of barbiturate overdose.
  
• Benactyzine [M0002303]
  A centrally acting muscarinic antagonist. Benactyzine has been used in the treatment of depression and is used in research to investigate the role of cholinergic systems on behavior.
  
• Benadryl [M0369591]
  
• Benaxima [M0477378]
  
• Benaxona [M0477853]
  
• Bencelin [M0459647]
  
• Bencyclane [M0002307]
  A vasodilator agent found to be effective in a variety of peripheral circulation disorders. It has various other potentially useful pharmacological effects. Its mechanism may involve block of calcium channels.
  
• Bencyclane Fumarate [M0002308]
  
• Bendapar [M0431890]
  
• Bendroflumethiazide [M0002310]
  A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. It has been used in the treatment of familial hyperkalemia, hypertension, edema, and urinary tract disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p810)
  
• Benecid [M0475732]
  
• Benemid [M0017602]
  
• Benlate [M0351474]
  
• Benodain [M0373152]
  
• Benomyl [M0002312]
  A systemic agricultural fungicide used for control of certain fungal diseases of stone fruit.
  
• Benpen [M0477244]
  
• Benperidol [M0002314]
  A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It has been used in the treatment of aberrant sexual behavior. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p567)
  
• Benperidol-neuraxpharm [M0459376]
  
• Benserazide [M0002315]
  An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE that does not enter the central nervous system. It is often given with LEVODOPA in the treatment of parkinsonism to prevent the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, thereby increasing the amount that reaches the central nervous system and reducing the required dose. It has no antiparkinson actions when given alone.
  
• Bensylate [M0459461]
  
• Bentyl [M0006317]
  
• Bentylol [M0477659]
  
• Benylin [M0006510]
  
• Benz(a)Anthracenes [M0002329]
  Four fused benzyl rings with three linear and one angular, that can be viewed as a benzyl-phenanthrenes. Compare with NAPHTHACENES which are four linear rings.
  
• Benzaldehydes [M0002319]
  
• Benzalkonium [M0002321]
  
• Benzalkonium Chloride [M0002322]
  
• Benzalkonium Compounds [M0002323]
  A mixture of alkylbenzyldimethylammonium compounds. It is a bactericidal quaternary ammonium detergent used topically in medicaments, deodorants, mouthwashes, as a surgical antiseptic, and as a as preservative and emulsifier in drugs and cosmetics.
  
• Benzamides [M0002327]
  BENZOIC ACID amides.
  
• Benzamidines [M0002328]
  Amidines substituted with a benzene group. Benzamidine and its derivatives are known as peptidase inhibitors.
  
• Benzathine Benzylp�nicilline Panpharma [M0459660]
  
• Benzatropine Methanesulfonate [M0045522]
  
• Benzatropine Methanesulfonate, Hydrobromide [M0308582]
  
• Benzatropine Methanesulfonate, Hydrobromide, (endo)-Isomer [M0308581]
  
• Benzatropine Methanesulfonate, Hydrochloride, (endo)-Isomer [M0308580]
  
• Benzazepines [M0002330]
  Compounds with BENZENE fused to AZEPINES.
  
• Benzbromaron AL [M0459469]
  
• Benzbromaron-ratiopharm [M0459468]
  
• Benzbromarone [M0002331]
  Uricosuric that acts by increasing uric acid clearance. It is used in the treatment of gout.
  
• Benzenaminium, 4,4'-(3-oxo-1,5-pentanediyl)bis(N,N-dimethyl-N-2-propenyl-), Dibr [M0003118]
  Proposed cholinesterase inhibitor.
  
• Benzene [M0002332]
  Toxic, volatile, flammable liquid hydrocarbon byproduct of coal distillation. It is used as an industrial solvent in paints, varnishes, lacquer thinners, gasoline, etc. Benzene causes central nervous system damage acutely and bone marrow damage chronically and is carcinogenic. It was formerly used as parasiticide.
  
• Benzene Derivatives [M0002333]
  
• Benzeneacetamides [M0445221]
  Compounds based on benzeneacetamide, that are similar in structure to ACETANILIDES.
  
• Benzenesulfonates [M0002336]
  Organic salts and esters of benzenesulfonic acid.
  
• Benzetacil [M0459646]
  
• Benzethonium [M0002337]
  Bactericidal cationic quaternary ammonium surfactant used as a topical anti-infective agent. It is an ingredient in medicaments, deodorants, mouthwashes, etc., and is used to disinfect apparatus, etc., in the food processing and pharmaceutical industries, in surgery, and also as a preservative. The compound is toxic orally as a result of neuromuscular blockade.
  
• Benzethonium Chloride [M0002339]
  
• Benzetimide [M0006101]
  
• Benzhydryl Compounds [M0002345]
  Compounds which contain the methyl radical substituted with two benzene rings. Permitted are any substituents, but ring fusion to any of the benzene rings is not allowed.
  
• Benzide [M0459369]
  
• Benzidines [M0002346]
  Very toxic industrial chemicals. They are absorbed through the skin, causing lethal blood, bladder, liver, and kidney damage and are potent, broad-spectrum carcinogens in most species.
  
• Benzilates [M0002347]
  
• Benzimidazoles [M0002348]
  Compounds with a BENZENE fused to IMIDAZOLES.
  
• Benzo(a)pyrene [M0002349]
  A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.
  
• Benzoate [M0002352]
  
• Benzoates [M0002350]
  Salts and esters of BENZOIC ACID that possess antibacterial and antifungal properties. They are used as preservatives in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and foods.
  
• Benzocaine [M0002353]
  A surface anesthetic that acts by preventing transmission of impulses along nerve fibers and at nerve endings.
  
• Benzocaine Acetate [M0330837]
  
• Benzocaine Formate [M0330836]
  
• Benzocaine Hydrobromide [M0330833]
  
• Benzocaine Hydrochloride [M0330835]
  
• Benzocaine Methanesulfonate [M0330834]
  
• Benzocycloheptenes [M0002354]
  
• Benzocyclooctanes [M0405129]
  Compounds containing a benzyl group attached to an 8-carbon cyclooctane.
  
• Benzocyclooctenes [M0411010]
  
• Benzodiazepines [M0002356]
  A group of two-ring heterocyclic compounds consisting of a benzene ring fused to a diazepine ring. Permitted is any degree of hydrogenation, any substituents and any H-isomer.
  
• Benzodiazepinones [M0002357]
  
• Benzodioxoles [M0483258]
  Compounds based on benzene fused to oxole. They can be formed from methylated CATECHOLS such as EUGENOL.
  
• Benzoflavones [M0002358]
  Organic compounds containing a benzene ring attached to a flavone group. Some of these are potent arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase inhibitors. They may also inhibit the binding of nucleic acids to benzopyrenes and related compounds. The designation includes all isomers; the 7,8-isomer is most frequently encountered.
  
• Benzofurans [M0002359]
  
• Benzoic Acid [M0029415]
  A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.
  
• Benzoic Acids [M0029896]
  Acids, salts, and derivatives of BENZOIC ACID.
  
• Benzoin [M0002361]
  A white crystalline compound prepared by condensation of benzaldehyde in potassium cyanide and used in organic syntheses. This should not be confused with benzoin gum from STYRAX.
  
• Benzolamide [M0002362]
  Selective renal carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. It may also be of use in certain cases of respiratory failure.
  
• Benzomorphan [M0002364]
  
• Benzomorphans [M0002363]
  Morphine derivatives of the methanobenzazocine family that act as potent analgesics.
  
• Benzophenanthridines [M0491452]
  Compounds of four rings containing a nitrogen. They are biosynthesized from reticuline via rearrangement of scoulerine. They are similar to BENZYLISOQUINOLINES. Members include chelerythrine and sanguinarine.
  
• Benzophenoneidum [M0002365]
  An aniline dye used as a disinfectant and an antiseptic agent. It is weakly fluorescing and binds specifically to certain proteins.
  
• Benzophenones [M0002366]
  
• Benzopyrans [M0002367]
  Compounds with a core of fused benzo-pyran rings.
  
• Benzopyrenes [M0002369]
  A class of chemicals that contain an anthracene ring with a naphthalene ring attached to it.
  
• Benzoquinones [M0024780]
  Benzene rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.
  
• Benzothiadiazines [M0002371]
  Heterocyclic compounds of a ring with SULFUR and two NITROGEN atoms fused to a BENZENE ring. Members inhibit SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS and are used as DIURETICS.
  
• Benzothiazoles [M0483511]
  Compounds with a benzene ring fused to a thiazole ring.
  
• Benzothiepins [M0002372]
  
• Benzotriazines [M0461307]
  
• Benzoxazines [M0461882]
  OXAZINES with a fused BENZENE ring.
  
• Benzoxazinoids [M0461884]
  
• Benzoxazoles [M0002373]
  
• Benzoxepins [M0002374]
  
• Benzoyl Peroxide [M0002375]
  A peroxide derivative that has been used topically for BURNS and as a dermatologic agent in the treatment of ACNE and POISON IVY DERMATITIS. It is used also as a bleach in the food industry.
  
• Benzoylcholine [M0002380]
  The benzoic acid ester of choline.
  
• Benzphetamine [M0002381]
  A sympathomimetic agent with properties similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It is used in the treatment of obesity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1222)
  
• Benzpyrene [M0002370]
  
• Benztropine [M0002383]
  A centrally active muscarinic antagonist that has been used in the symptomatic treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE. Benztropine also inhibits the uptake of dopamine.
  
• Benzydamine [M0002384]
  A benzyl-indazole having analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects. It is used to reduce post-surgical and post-traumatic pain and edema and to promote healing. It is also used topically in treatment of RHEUMATIC DISEASES and INFLAMMATION of the mouth and throat.
  
• Benzydamine Hydrochloride [M0330843]
  
• Benzyl Alcohol [M0029566]
  A colorless liquid with a sharp burning taste and slight odor. It is used as a local anesthetic and to reduce pain associated with LIDOCAINE injection. Also, it is used in the manufacture of other benzyl compounds, as a pharmaceutic aid, and in perfumery and flavoring.
  
• Benzyl Alcohols [M0002386]
  Alcohols derived from the aryl radical (C6H5CH2-) and defined by C6H5CHOH. The concept includes derivatives with any substituents on the benzene ring.
  
• Benzyl Compounds [M0002387]
  
• Benzyl Viologen [M0002388]
  1,1'-Bis(phenylmethyl)4,4'-bipyridinium dichloride. Oxidation-reduction indicator.
  
• Benzylamines [M0002392]
  Toluenes in which one hydrogen of the methyl group is substituted by an amino group. Permitted are any substituents on the benzene ring or the amino group.
  
• Benzylammonium Compounds [M0474220]
  QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS based on BENZYLAMINES with the general formula phenyl-CN+R3.
  
• Benzylidene Compounds [M0002394]
  Compounds containing the PhCH= radical.
  
• Benzylisoquinolines [M0444533]
  ISOQUINOLINES with a benzyl substituent.
  
• Bepadin [M0024154]
  
• Bephenium Compounds [M0002395]
  Analogs or derivatives of bephenium (N,N-dimethyl-N-(2-phenoxyethyl)benzenemethanaminium).
  
• Bepridil [M0024153]
  A long-acting calcium-blocking agent with significant anti-anginal activity. The drug produces significant coronary vasodilation and modest peripheral effects. It has antihypertensive and selective anti-arrhythmia activities and acts as a calmodulin antagonist.
  
• Bepridil Monohydrochloride [M0329449]
  
• Bepridil Monohydrochloride, alpha-Isomer [M0329448]
  
• Bepridil Monohydrochloride, Monohydrate [M0329450]
  
• Bepridil, (+)-Isomer [M0329445]
  
• Bepridil, (+-)-Isomer [M0329451]
  
• Bepridil, (-)-Isomer [M0329446]
  
• Bepridil, alpha-Isomer [M0329447]
  
• Berberine [M0002396]
  An alkaloid from Hydrastis canadensis L., Berberidaceae. It is also found in many other plants. It is relatively toxic parenterally, but has been used orally for various parasitic and fungal infections and as antidiarrheal.
  
• Berberine Alkaloids [M0002397]
  A group of related plant alkaloids that contain the BERBERINE heterocyclic ring structure.
  
• Berkozide [M0459370]
  
• Berocillin [M0016928]
  
• Berolase [M0373249]
  
• Beromycin [M0351153]
  
• Berotek [M0008336]
  
• Besuric [M0459467]
  
• beta Carotene [M0028611]
  A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. It is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC). (From Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Engewood, CO, 1995.)
  
• beta-all-trans-Retinoic Acid [M0021880]
  
• beta-Aminoethyl Isothiourea [M0330729]
  A radiation-protective agent that can inhibit DNA damage by binding to the DNA. It also increases the susceptibility of blood cells to complement-mediated lysis.
  
• beta-Aminoethylisothiuronium Diacetate [M0330732]
  
• beta-Aminoethylisothiuronium Dihydrobromide [M0000518]
  
• beta-Aminoethylisothiuronium Dihydrochloride [M0330736]
  
• beta-Aminoethylisothiuronium Dihydroiodide [M0330734]
  
• beta-Aminoethylisothiuronium Diperchlorate [M0330733]
  
• beta-Aminoethylisothiuronium Monohydrobromide [M0330731]
  
• beta-Aminoethylisothiuronium Phosphate (1:1) [M0330735]
  
• beta-Aminoethylisothiuronium Sulfate (1:1) [M0330730]
  
• beta-Aminopropionitrile [M0000961]
  
• Beta-Carbolines [M0003363]
  
• beta-Endosulfan [M0007428]
  
• beta-Lactams [M0012144]
  Four-membered cyclic AMIDES, best known for the PENICILLINS based on a bicyclo-thiazolidine, and including monocyclic MONOBACTAMS. BETA-LACTAMASES hydrolyze the beta lactam ring, accounting for BETA-LACTAM RESISTANCE of infective bacteria.
  
• beta-Lumicolchicine [M0012730]
  
• beta-Mercaptopropionate [M0023221]
  
• beta-Naphthoflavone [M0028772]
  A polyaromatic hydrocarbon inducer of P4501A1 and P4501A2 cytochromes. (Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1994 Dec:207(3):302-308)
  
• Betacyanins [M0478329]
  Conjugates of betalamic acid with cyclo-dopa, both of which derive from TYROSINE. They appear similar to INDOLES but are biosynthesized by a different path and contain N+. Members are red or violet COLORING AGENTS found in the Caryophyllales order of PLANTS and some BASIDIOMYCETES.
  
• Betadine [M0017405]
  
• Betadren [M0350582]
  
• Betadrenol [M0003052]
  
• Betagan [M0003036]
  
• Betahistin AL [M0477350]
  
• Betahistin Stada [M0477351]
  
• Betahistin-ratiopharm [M0477352]
  
• Betahistine [M0002430]
  A histamine analog and H1 receptor agonist that serves as a vasodilator. It is used in Meniere's disease and in vascular headaches but may exacerbate bronchial asthma and peptic ulcers.
  
• Betahistine Dihydrobromide [M0330846]
  
• Betahistine Hydrochloride [M0330845]
  
• Betahistine Mesylate [M0330844]
  
• Betaine [M0002435]
  A naturally occurring compound that has been of interest for its role in osmoregulation. As a drug, betaine hydrochloride has been used as a source of hydrochloric acid in the treatment of hypochlorhydria. Betaine has also been used in the treatment of liver disorders, for hyperkalemia, for homocystinuria, and for gastrointestinal disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1341)
  
• Betaine Hydrochloride [M0002436]
  
• Betaisodona [M0017406]
  
• Betalain Pigments [M0103468]
  
• Betalains [M0040320]
  Compounds derived from TYROSINE via betalamic acid, including BETAXANTHINS and BETACYANINS. They are found in the Caryophyllales order of PLANTS and some BASIDIOMYCETES.
  
• Betaloc-Astra [M0013687]
  
• Betalok [M0350814]
  
• Betanidins [M0478331]
  Aglycone.
  
• Betanins [M0478330]
  Glycosylated betanidin.
  
• Betapen [M0351150]
  
• Betapressin [M0016115]
  
• Betavert [M0477353]
  
• Betaxanthins [M0478332]
  Conjugates of betalamic acid with AMINO ACIDS. Some of them are yellow COLORING AGENTS in the Caryophyllales order of PLANTS. This should not be confused with xanthin which is a term used for CAROTENES nor with XANTHINES.
  
• Betaxolol [M0024177]
  A cardioselective beta-1-adrenergic antagonist with no partial agonist activity.
  
• Betaxolol Hydrochloride [M0024179]
  
• Betazole [M0002440]
  A histamine H2 agonist used clinically to test gastric secretory function.
  
• Betazole Dihydrochloride [M0330849]
  
• Betazole Monohydrochloride [M0330848]
  
• Bethanechol [M0028052]
  A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Bethanechol is generally used to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the GI tract following abdominal surgery or in urinary retention in the absence of obstruction. It may cause hypotension, cardiac rate changes, and bronchial spasms.
  
• Bethanechol Chloride [M0028053]
  
• Bethanechol Compounds [M0002442]
  
• Bethanidine [M0002444]
  A guanidinium antihypertensive agent that acts by blocking adrenergic transmission. The precise mode of action is not clear.
  
• Bethanidine Sulfate [M0002445]
  
• Betoptic [M0024181]
  
• Beza-Lande [M0460240]
  
• Beza-Puren [M0460241]
  
• Bezabeta [M0460242]
  
• Bezacur [M0460243]
  
• Bezafibrat PB [M0460530]
  
• Bezafibrate [M0002449]
  Antilipemic agent that lowers cholesterol and triglycerides. It decreases low density lipoproteins and increases high density lipoproteins.
  
• Bezafisal [M0460116]
  
• Bezalip [M0002450]
  
• Bezamerck [M0460115]
  
• BHC Insecticide [M0351873]
  
• Biaxin [M0352015]
  
• Biaxsig [M0475118]
  
• Bibenzyls [M0002454]
  Compounds with 1,2-diphenylethane. They are structurally like reduced STILBENES.
  
• Bicarnesine [M0003492]
  
• Bichloroacetic Acid [M0006267]
  
• Bicillin [M0351367]
  
• BiCNU [M0483979]
  
• Bicol [M0477367]
  
• Bicromat Spray [M0353582]
  
• Bicuculline [M0002466]
  Isoquinoline alkaloid from Dicentra cucullaria and other plants that is a competitive antagonist at GABA-A receptors and thus causes convulsions.
  
• Bicyclo Compounds [M0002469]
  
• Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic [M0028488]
  A class of saturated compounds consisting of two rings only, having two or more atoms in common, containing at least one hetero atom, and that take the name of an open chain hydrocarbon containing the same total number of atoms. (From Riguady et al., Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry, 1979, p31)
  
• Bicyclo(5.3.0)Decapentaenes [M0483537]
  
• Bidocef [M0003715]
  
• Biflavonoids [M0446742]
  Dimers (homo and hetero) of FLAVONOIDS.
  
• Biguanides [M0002471]
  
• Bigumal [M0350949]
  
• Bilevon M [M0351843]
  
• Bilevon R [M0351840]
  
• Bilignost [M0011643]
  
• Biligrafine [M0011644]
  
• Bilimin [M0011697]
  
• Bilin [M0002485]
  
• Bilipolinum [M0011645]
  
• Bilirubin [M0002494]
  A bile pigment that is a degradation product of HEME.
  
• Bilirubin, (15E)-Isomer [M0330853]
  
• Bilirubin, (4E)-Isomer [M0330854]
  
• Bilirubin, (4E,15E)-Isomer [M0330855]
  
• Bilirubin, Calcium Salt [M0002495]
  
• Bilirubin, Disodium Salt [M0330857]
  
• Bilirubin, Monosodium Salt [M0330856]
  
• Biliverdin IX [M0002498]
  
• Biliverdin IX alpha [M0002499]
  
• Biliverdine [M0002500]
  1,3,6,7-Tetramethyl-4,5-dicarboxyethyl-2,8-divinylbilenone. Biosynthesized from hemoglobin as a precursor of bilirubin. Occurs in the bile of amphibia and of birds, but not in normal human bile or serum.
  
• Bilivistan [M0351686]
  
• Bilobalides [M0455969]
  A degraded form of GINKGOLIDES that have three LACTONES and a unique tert-butyl group which are found in GINKGO plants.
  
• Bilopaque [M0351857]
  
• Biloptin [M0011698]
  
• Biltricide [M0353769]
  
• Binazine [M0021613]
  
• Biocarbazine [M0352400]
  
• Biocoryl [M0475876]
  
• Biodermatin [M0460654]
  
• BioDex 1 [M0351192]
  
• Biodone [M0474179]
  
• Biodramina [M0485121]
  
• Biofix [M0373159]
  
• Bioflavonoids [M0002516]
  
• Bioflutin [M0477840]
  
• Biogenic Amines [M0002518]
  A group of naturally occurring amines derived by enzymatic decarboxylation of the natural amino acids. Many have powerful physiological effects (e.g., histamine, serotonin, epinephrine, tyramine). Those derived from aromatic amino acids, and also their synthetic analogs (e.g., amphetamine), are of use in pharmacology.
  
• Biogenic Monoamines [M0023566]
  Biogenic amines having only one amine moiety. Included in this group are all natural monoamines formed by the enzymatic decarboxylation of natural amino acids.
  
• Biogenic Polyamines [M0023585]
  Biogenic amines having more than one amine group. These are long-chain aliphatic compounds that contain multiple amino and/or imino groups. Because of the linear arrangement of positive charge on these molecules, polyamines bind electrostatically to ribosomes, DNA, and RNA.
  
• Biokur [M0460655]
  
• Biomet [M0004481]
  
• Biomet400 [M0004482]
  
• Biomycin [M0363569]
  
• Biopolymers [M0002553]
  Polymers synthesized by living organisms. They play a role in the formation of macromolecular structures and are synthesized via the covalent linkage of biological molecules, especially AMINO ACIDS; NUCLEOTIDES; and CARBOHYDRATES.
  
• Biopterin [M0002561]
  A natural product that has been considered as a growth factor for some insects.
  
• Biopyrin [M0372397]
  
• Bioquin [M0353875]
  
• Biosept [M0003969]
  
• Bioshik [M0352088]
  
• Biosint [M0477379]
  
• Biotidin [M0018471]
  
• Biotin [M0002565]
  A water-soluble, enzyme co-factor present in minute amounts in every living cell. It occurs mainly bound to proteins or polypeptides and is abundant in liver, kidney, pancreas, yeast, and milk.
  
• Biotin Gelfert [M0460656]
  
• Biotin Hermes [M0460657]
  
• Biotin-ratiopharm [M0460663]
  
• Biotine Roche [M0460664]
  
• Biperiden [M0002568]
  A muscarinic antagonist that has effects in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It has been used in the treatment of arteriosclerotic, idiopathic, and postencephalitic parkinsonism. It has also been used to alleviate extrapyramidal symptoms induced by phenothiazine derivatives and reserpine.
  
• Biperiden Hydrochloride [M0330860]
  
• Biperiden, 1R-(1 alpha,2 alpha(R*),4 alpha)-Isomer [M0330858]
  
• Biperiden, 1S-(1 alpha,2 alpha(R*),4 alpha)-Isomer [M0330859]
  
• Biphenabid [M0353864]
  
• Biphenyl Compounds [M0002570]
  
• Bipyridyl [M0023199]
  
• Biquinate [M0475002]
  
• Bis(4-Methyl-1-Homopiperazinylthiocarbonyl)disulfide [M0008531]
  An inhibitor of the last step of noradrenaline biosynthesis.
  
• Bis(Chloromethyl) Ether [M0002605]
  A substance that is an irritant to the eyes and respiratory tract and may be carcinogenic.
  
• Bis-Trimethylammonium Compounds [M0013593]
  Compounds containing polymethylene bis-trimethylammonium cations. Members of this group frequently act as ganglionic blockers and neuromuscular depolarizing agents.
  
• Bisac-Evac [M0477368]
  
• Bisacodyl [M0002606]
  A diphenylmethane stimulant laxative used for the treatment of constipation and for bowel evacuation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p871)
  
• Bisacodyl Tannex [M0002607]
  
• Bisacodyl Uniserts [M0477370]
  
• Bisalax [M0477369]
  
• Bisbenzimide [M0010486]
  A benzimidazole antifilarial agent; it is fluorescent when it binds to certain nucleotides in DNA, thus providing a tool for the study of DNA replication; it also interferes with mitosis.
  
• Bisbenzylisoquinolines [M0444534]
  
• Bisco-Lax [M0477371]
  
• Bisco-Zitron [M0477372]
  
• Biseptol [M0024006]
  
• Biseptol-480 [M0024007]
  
• Bisolvomycin [M0350819]
  
• Bisolvon [M0370935]
  
• Bisolvon AM [M0451979]
  
• Bisoprolol [M0026256]
  A cardioselective beta-1-adrenergic blocker. It is effective in the management of hypertension and angina pectoris.
  
• Bisoprolol Fumarate [M0026258]
  
• Bisoprolol Fumarate (1:1) Salt, (+-)-Isomer [M0329266]
  
• Bisoprolol Fumarate (2:1) Salt, (+-)-Isomer [M0329267]
  
• Bisoprolol Hydrochloride [M0329272]
  
• Bisoprolol Methanesulfonate Salt [M0329273]
  
• Bisoprolol, (+-)-Isomer [M0329265]
  
• Bisoprolol, (-)-Isomer [M0329274]
  
• Bisoprolol, Fumarate (1:1) Salt [M0329268]
  
• Bisoprolol, Fumarate (2:1) Salt [M0329270]
  
• Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate [M0026457]
  The reaction product of bisphenol A and glycidyl methacrylate that undergoes polymerization when exposed to ultraviolet light or mixed with a catalyst. It is used as a bond implant material and as the resin component of dental sealants and composite restorative materials.
  
• Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate Homopolymer [M0329218]
  
• Bithionol [M0002618]
  Halogenated anti-infective agent that is used against trematode and cestode infestations.
  
• Bitin [M0002619]
  
• Biureas [M0002620]
  
• Biuret [M0002621]
  Used as feed supplement for sheep and cattle since it is a good non-protein nitrogen source. In strongly alkaline solution biuret gives a violet color with copper sulfate.
  
• BL-191 [M0353118]
  
• BL-P 1322 [M0328930]
  
• BL-S 578 [M0353621]
  
• BL-S 640 [M0351079]
  
• Bladuril [M0478253]
  
• Blastocarb [M0477266]
  
• Bleminol [M0451871]
  
• Blemix [M0474862]
  
• Bleph [M0475855]
  
• Bloat Guard [M0350684]
  
• Blocadren [M0021544]
  
• BM-15.075 [M0351461]
  
• BMY-28689 [M0351741]
  
• Bolinan [M0475327]
  
• Bolinan 40 [M0017399]
  
• Bonamine [M0473870]
  
• Bongkrekate [M0002800]
  
• Bongkrekic Acid [M0002799]
  An antibiotic produced by Pseudomonas cocovenenans. It is an inhibitor of MITOCHONDRIAL ADP, ATP TRANSLOCASES. Specifically, it blocks adenine nucleotide efflux from mitochondria by enhancing membrane binding.
  
• Bonifen [M0375430]
  
• Bonine [M0013178]
  
• Boots Bite & Sting Relief [M0473997]
  
• Boots Threadworm Treatment [M0474732]
  
• Bornanes [M0002828]
  
• BR-750 [M0009671]
  
• Brainal [M0463281]
  
• Brandiazin [M0475866]
  
• Branigen [M0444058]
  
• Braxan [M0433214]
  
• Breezee [M0476659]
  
• Brefeldin A [M0029866]
  A fungal metabolite which is a macrocyclic lactone exhibiting a wide range of antibiotic activity.
  
• Brentan [M0013756]
  
• Breonesin [M0352310]
  
• Brethaire [M0350538]
  
• Brethine [M0350537]
  
• Bretylate [M0463074]
  
• Bretylium Compounds [M0002919]
  
• Bretylium Tosylate [M0002920]
  An agent that blocks the release of adrenergic transmitters and may have other actions. It was formerly used as an antihypertensive agent, but is now proposed as an anti-arrhythmic.
  
• Bretylol [M0350984]
  
• Brevicilina [M0459648]
  
• Brevimytal Natrium [M0474225]
  
• Brevital [M0369446]
  
• Bricanyl [M0021179]
  
• Bridged Compounds [M0002922]
  Cyclic hydrocarbons that contain multiple rings and share one or more atoms.
  
• Brietal [M0369445]
  
• Brij 52 [M0003962]
  
• Brij 56 [M0003963]
  
• Brij-58 [M0003964]
  
• Brinaldix [M0350892]
  
• Brinedine [M0418289]
  
• Brionil [M0476698]
  
• Brisfirina [M0477348]
  
• Bristacol [M0475484]
  
• Britaject [M0434032]
  
• BRL-14151 [M0372715]
  
• BRL-2288 [M0021516]
  
• BRL-2333 [M0353674]
  
• BRL-25000 [M0351092]
  
• BRL-29060 [M0363570]
  
• BRL-3475 [M0351123]
  
• BRL-34915 [M0372959]
  
• BRL-38226 [M0029397]
  
• BRL-38227 [M0029398]
  
• BRL-43694A [M0026937]
  
• BRL-8988 [M0351121]
  
• Brocresine [M0002927]
  A histidine decarboxylase inhibitor.
  
• BromaLich [M0477433]
  
• Bromaz 1A Pharma [M0477434]
  
• Bromazanil [M0477435]
  
• bromazep von ct [M0477436]
  
• Bromazepam [M0002929]
  One of the BENZODIAZEPINES that is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS.
  
• Bromazepam AL [M0477481]
  
• Bromazepam beta [M0477482]
  
• Bromazepam Heumann [M0477483]
  
• Bromazepam-neuraxpharm [M0477484]
  
• Bromazepam-ratiopharm [M0477485]
  
• Bromcresol Green [M0002931]
  An indicator and reagent. It has been used in serum albumin determinations and as a pH indicator.
  
• Bromcresol Purple [M0002932]
  An indicator and reagent. It has been used for several purposes including the determination of serum albumin concentrations
  
• Bromhexin [M0465029]
  
• Bromhexin BC [M0463243]
  
• Bromhexine [M0002938]
  A mucolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with viscid or excessive mucus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p744)
  
• Bromhexine Hydrochloride [M0330882]
  
• Bromisovalum [M0002944]
  A sedative and mild hypnotic with potentially toxic effects.
  
• Bromobenzenes [M0002945]
  Derivatives of benzene in which one or more hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring are replaced by bromine atoms.
  
• Bromobenzoates [M0002946]
  Benzoic acid or benzoic acid esters substituted with one or more bromine atoms.
  
• Bromocriptine [M0002948]
  A semisynthetic ergotamine alkaloid that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It suppresses prolactin secretion.
  
• Bromosuccinimide [M0002952]
  A brominating agent that replaces hydrogen atoms in benzylic or allylic positions. It is used in the oxidation of secondary alcohols to ketones and in controlled low-energy brominations. (From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed; Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed,).
  
• Bromotrichloromethane [M0002953]
  A potent liver poison. In rats, bromotrichloromethane produces about three times the degree of liver microsomal lipid peroxidation as does carbon tetrachloride.
  
• Brompheniramine [M0002955]
  Histamine H1 antagonist used in treatment of allergies, rhinitis, and urticaria.
  
• Brompheniramine Maleate [M0330884]
  
• Bromphenol Blue [M0002958]
  A dye that has been used as an industrial dye, a laboratory indicator, and a biological stain.
  
• Bromsulphalein [M0020786]
  
• Bromthalein [M0361431]
  
• Bromthymol Blue [M0002959]
  A pH sensitive dye that has been used as an indicator in many laboratory reactions.
  
• Bromvaleton [M0352403]
  
• Bromyl [M0352402]
  
• Bronchopront [M0451983]
  
• Bronchowern [M0451984]
  
• Bronkodyl [M0362257]
  
• Bronkometer [M0011759]
  
• Brotazona [M0478176]
  
• Brotussol [M0465027]
  
• Broxol [M0451987]
  
• Brufen [M0010969]
  
• BS-100-141 [M0024936]
  
• BTC-2125 [M0002324]
  
• BTS-18322 [M0351586]
  
• BU-3839T [M0351742]
  
• Bucarban [M0352364]
  
• Bucrylate [M0002996]
  Cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive also used to occlude blood vessels supplying neoplastic or other diseased tissue.
  
• Bufal [M0465108]
  
• Bufederm [M0465110]
  
• Bufexamac [M0003003]
  A benzeneacetamide with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic action. It is administered topically, orally, or rectally.
  
• Bufexamac-ratiopharm [M0465111]
  
• Buformin [M0003015]
  An oral hypoglycemic agent that inhibits gluconeogenesis, increases glycolysis, and decreases glucose oxidation.
  
• Bufotenin [M0003017]
  A hallucinogenic serotonin analog found in frog or toad skins, mushrooms, higher plants, and mammals, especially in the brains, plasma, and urine of schizophrenics. Bufotenin has been used as a tool in CNS studies and misused as a psychedelic.
  
• Bumedyl [M0465163]
  
• Bumetanide [M0003024]
  A sulfamyl diuretic.
  
• Bumex [M0465164]
  
• Bunaftine [M0003025]
  N-Butyl-N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-1-naphthamide. A proposed antiarrhythmic that prolongs myocardial refractory period and stabilizes cell membranes.
  
• Bunolol [M0003035]
  
• Bunolol Hydrochloride [M0333576]
  
• Bupivacain Janapharm [M0465181]
  
• Bupivacain-RPR [M0465182]
  
• Bupivacaina Braun [M0465183]
  
• Bupivacaine [M0003045]
  A widely used local anesthetic agent.
  
• Bupivacaine Anhydrous [M0330886]
  
• Bupivacaine Carbonate [M0003046]
  
• Bupivacaine Hydrochloride [M0330885]
  
• Bupranolol [M0003051]
  An adrenergic-beta-2 antagonist that has been used for cardiac arrhythmia, angina pectoris, hypertension, glaucoma, and as an antithrombotic.
  
• Buprenex [M0352882]
  
• Buprenorphine [M0003054]
  A derivative of the opioid alkaloid THEBAINE that is a more potent and longer lasting analgesic than MORPHINE. It appears to act as a partial agonist at mu and kappa opioid receptors and as an antagonist at delta receptors. The lack of delta-agonist activity has been suggested to account for the observation that buprenorphine tolerance may not develop with chronic use.
  
• Buprenorphine Hydrochloride [M0330887]
  
• Bupropion [M0025361]
  A unicyclic, aminoketone antidepressant. The mechanism of its therapeutic actions is not well understood, but it does appear to block dopamine uptake. The hydrochloride is available as an aid to smoking cessation treatment.
  
• Bupropion Hydrochloride [M0025362]
  
• Bupropion Hydrochloride, (+-)-Isomer [M0331327]
  
• Bupropion, (+-)-Isomer [M0331329]
  
• Burimamide [M0003056]
  An antagonist of histamine that appears to block both H2 and H3 histamine receptors. It has been used in the treatment of ulcers.
  
• Burinex [M0465165]
  
• Bursine [M0004288]
  
• Buscapine [M0353024]
  
• Buscolysin [M0353023]
  
• Buscopan [M0353026]
  
• Busp [M0465827]
  
• Buspar [M0003078]
  
• Buspirone [M0003077]
  An anxiolytic agent and a serotonin receptor agonist belonging to the azaspirodecanedione class of compounds. Its structure is unrelated to those of the benzodiazepines, but it has an efficacy comparable to DIAZEPAM.
  
• Buspirone Hydrochloride [M0350950]
  
• Busulfan [M0003079]
  An alkylating agent having a selective immunosuppressive effect on BONE MARROW. It has been used in the palliative treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (MYELOID LEUKEMIA, CHRONIC), but although symptomatic relief is provided, no permanent remission is brought about. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), busulfan is listed as a known carcinogen.
  
• Busulfan Wellcome [M0466352]
  
• Busulfex [M0466353]
  
• Butaclamol [M0003083]
  A benzocycloheptapyridoisoquinolinol that has been used as an antipsychotic, especially in schizophrenia.
  
• Butaclamol Hydrochloride [M0003082]
  
• Butacote [M0016549]
  
• Butadiene [M0003084]
  
• Butadienes [M0003085]
  Four carbon unsaturated hydrocarbons containing two double bonds.
  
• Butadione [M0016551]
  
• Butaliret [M0476173]
  
• Butamide Brand of Tolbutamide [M0352384]
  
• Butanes [M0003087]
  
• Butanones [M0003089]
  
• Butapyrazole [M0016552]
  
• Butazolidin [M0016550]
  
• Butorphanol [M0003094]
  A synthetic morphinan analgesic with narcotic antagonist action. It is used in the management of severe pain.
  
• Butorphanol Tartrate [M0003095]
  
• Butoxamine [M0003096]
  A beta-2 selective adrenergic antagonist. It is used primarily in animal and tissue experiments to characterize beta-2 receptor involvement and identify beta-2 receptors.
  
• Butoxamine Hydrochloride [M0003097]
  
• Butyl Methyl Ketones [M0010315]
  
• Butylamines [M0003102]
  
• Butylated Hydroxyanisole [M0003104]
  Mixture of 2- and 3-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenols that is used as an antioxidant in foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
  
• Butylated Hydroxytoluene [M0003105]
  A di-tert-butyl PHENOL with antioxidant properties.
  
• Butylcarbamide [M0003413]
  
• Butylcyanoacrylate [M0007335]
  
• Butylene Glycols [M0003086]
  4-carbon straight chain aliphatic hydrocarbons substituted with two hydroxyl groups. The hydroxyl groups cannot be on the same carbon atom.
  
• Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine [M0003106]
  A substituted carcinogenic nitrosamine.
  
• Butylscopolammonium Bromide [M0003107]
  Antimuscarinic quaternary ammonium derivative of scopolamine used to treat cramps in gastrointestinal, urinary, uterine, and biliary tracts, and to facilitate radiologic visualization of the gastrointestinal tract.
  
• Butyrophenones [M0003113]
  Compounds containing phenyl-1-butanone.
  
• Butyrylthiocholine [M0003116]
  A sulfur-containing analog of butyrylcholine which is hydrolyzed by butyrylcholinesterase to butyrate and thiocholine. It is used as a reagent in the determination of butyrylcholinesterase activity.
  
• Buvacaina [M0465185]
  
• BW 284 C 51 [M0464449]
  
• BW-33A [M0353762]
  
• BW-755C [M0024166]
  A dual inhibitor of both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. It exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the formation of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The drug also enhances pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction and has a protective effect after myocardial ischemia.
  
• By-Vertin [M0477341]
  
• C-283 [M0014871]
  
• C-36278-Ba [M0354279]
  
• C.B.B. [M0460094]
  
• C.I. 23860 [M0351382]
  
• C.I. 40850 [M0351962]
  
• C.I. 42555 [M0351187]
  
• C.I. 45350 [M0350969]
  
• C.I. 46005 [M0373513]
  
• C.I. 75470 [M0350501]
  
• C.I. Acid Black 1 [M0350871]
  
• C.I. Basic Orange 14 [M0373512]
  
• C.I. Basic Red 5 [M0354096]
  
• C.I. Direct Blue 53 [M0351381]
  
• C.I. Solvent Yellow 1 [M0361791]
  
• C.I. Solvent Yellow 3 [M0351380]
  
• C.I.-20470 [M0350873]
  
• Ca-DTPA [M0006872]
  
• Cacodylate [M0003128]
  
• Cacodylic Acid [M0003127]
  An arsenical that has been used as a dermatologic agent and as an herbicide.
  
• Cadaverine [M0003130]
  A foul-smelling diamine formed by bacterial decarboxylation of lysine.
  
• Cadmium 2,3-Dimercaptopropanol [M0006440]
  
• Caelyx [M0417714]
  Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin hydrochloride.
  
• Caffedrine [M0466578]
  
• Caffeic Acids [M0003137]
  A class of phenolic acids related to chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid, etc., which are found in plant tissues. It is involved in plant growth regulation.
  
• Caffeine [M0003138]
  A methylxanthine naturally occurring in some beverages and also used as a pharmacological agent. Caffeine's most notable pharmacological effect is as a central nervous system stimulant, increasing alertness and producing agitation. It also relaxes smooth muscle, stimulates cardiac muscle, stimulates diuresis, and appears to be useful in the treatment of some types of headache. Several cellular actions of caffeine have been observed, but it is not entirely clear how each contributes to its pharmacological profile. Among the most important are inhibition of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases, antagonism of adenosine receptors, and modulation of intracellular calcium handling.
  
• Calan [M0376210]
  
• Calanolides [M0419384]
  COUMARINS with two added pyran rings. Some are found in the CALOPHYLLUM genus of plants.
  
• Calcimycin [M0000001]
  An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems.
  
• Calciofon [M0351616]
  
• Calcipot [M0467172]
  
• Calcium Braun [M0467166]
  
• Calcium Citrate [M0028810]
  A colorless crystalline or white powdery organic, tricarboxylic acid occurring in plants, especially citrus fruits, and used as a flavoring agent, as an antioxidant in foods, and as a sequestrating agent. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
  
• Calcium Cyclamate [M0331213]
  
• Calcium Disodium Versenate [M0363997]
  
• Calcium Dobesilate [M0003167]
  A drug used to reduce hemorrhage in diabetic retinopathy.
  
• Calcium Dobesilate (1:1) [M0330898]
  
• Calcium Dobesilate Monoammonium Salt [M0330896]
  
• Calcium Dobesilate Monopotassium Salt [M0330897]
  
• Calcium Fusarate [M0008906]
  
• Calcium Glucarate [M0009319]
  
• Calcium Gluconate [M0003171]
  The calcium salt of gluconic acid. The compound has a variety of uses, including its use as a calcium replenisher in hypocalcemic states.
  
• Calcium Ipodate [M0011699]
  
• Calcium Oxalate [M0003175]
  The calcium salt of oxalic acid, occurring in the urine as crystals and in certain calculi.
  
• Calcium Oxalate (1:1) [M0330901]
  
• Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate (1:1) [M0330900]
  
• Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate (1:1) [M0330902]
  
• Calcium Oxalate Trihydrate [M0330899]
  
• Calcium Tetacine [M0007072]
  
• Calcivitol [M0467167]
  
• Calglucon [M0351617]
  
• Calipsol [M0351824]
  
• Calixarenes [M0190790]
  Phenolic metacyclophanes derived from condensation of PHENOLS and ALDEHYDES. The name derives from the vase-like molecular structures. A bracketed [n] indicates the number of aromatic rings.
  
• Calm-X [M0485120]
  
• Calmday [M0476798]
  
• Calmivet [M0431450]
  
• Calnit [M0463282]
  
• Cambendazole [M0003231]
  A nematocide effective against a variety of gastrointestinal parasites in cattle, sheep, and horses.
  
• Camoquine [M0001006]
  
• Camphor [M0003240]
  A bicyclic monoterpene ketone found widely in plants, especially CINNAMOMUM CAMPHORA. It is used topically as a skin antipruritic and as an anti-infective agent.
  
• Camphor, (+-)-Isomer [M0331333]
  
• Camphor, (1R)-Isomer [M0331335]
  
• Camphor, (1S)-Isomer [M0331334]
  
• Camptothecin [M0003242]
  An alkaloid isolated from the stem wood of the Chinese tree, Camptotheca acuminata. This compound selectively inhibits the nuclear enzyme DNA TOPOISOMERASES, TYPE I. Several semisynthetic analogs of camptothecin have demonstrated antitumor activity.
  
• Candeptin [M0352010]
  
• Candicidin [M0003252]
  Mixture of antifungal heptaene macrolides from Streptomyces griseus or Actinomyces levoris used topically in candidiasis. The antibiotic complex is composed of candicidins A, B, C, and D, of which D is the major component.
  
• Candicidin D [M0003253]
  
• Candimon [M0352009]
  
• Canesten [M0004643]
  
• Cannabidiol [M0003266]
  Compound isolated from Cannabis sativa extract.
  
• Cannabinoids [M0003267]
  Compounds having the cannabinoid structure. They were originally extracted from Cannabis sativa L. The most pharmacologically active constituents are TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL; CANNABINOL; and CANNABIDIOL.
  
• Cannabinol [M0003268]
  A physiologically inactive constituent of Cannabis sativa L.
  
• Cantharidin [M0003285]
  A toxic compound, isolated from the Spanish fly or blistering beetle (Lytta (Cantharis) vesicatoria) and other insects. It is a potent and specific inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A). This compound can produce severe skin inflammation, and is extremely toxic if ingested orally.
  
• Canthaxanthin [M0025364]
  A trans-carotenoid pigment widely distributed in nature. The compound is used as an oral suntanning agent and as a food and drug coloring agent. Oral ingestion of the compound causes canthaxanthin retinopathy.
  
• Caparsolate [M0352104]
  
• Caplenal [M0451872]
  
• Captan [M0003318]
  One of the phthalimide fungicides.
  
• Capurate [M0451873]
  
• Capval [M0464783]
  
• Capval Tropfen [M0464784]
  
• Carasel [M0475019]
  
• Carbachol [M0003323]
  A slowly hydrolyzed cholinergic agonist that acts at both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.
  
• Carbadox [M0003326]
  An antibacterial agent that has been used in veterinary practice for treating swine dysentery and enteritis and for promoting growth. However, its use has been prohibited in the UK following reports of carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p125)
  
• Carbamann [M0467366]
  
• Carbamates [M0003327]
  Salts or esters of carbamic acid, H2NC(=O)OH, or of N-substituted carbamic acids: R2NC(=O)OR', (R' = hydrocarbyl or a cation). The esters are often called URETHANE or urethan, a usage that is strictly correct only for the ethyl esters. (From IUPAC [Internet]. International Union Of Pure And Applied Chemistry; c1995 [updated 2004 Jan 9; cited 2004 May 3]. Available from http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/class/oneN.html#35/).
  
• Carbamazepine [M0003328]
  An anticonvulsant used to control grand mal and psychomotor or focal seizures. Its mode of action is not fully understood, but some of its actions resemble those of PHENYTOIN; although there is little chemical resemblance between the two compounds, their three-dimensional structure is similar.
  
• Carbamazepine Acetate [M0330914]
  
• Carbamazepine Dihydrate [M0330915]
  
• Carbamazepine Hydrochloride [M0330912]
  
• Carbamazepine L-Tartrate (4:1) [M0330913]
  
• Carbamazepine Phosphate [M0330911]
  
• Carbamazepine Sulfate (2:1) [M0330910]
  
• Carbamylcholine [M0003324]
  
• Carbanilides [M0003335]
  
• Carbapen [M0467376]
  
• Carbaryl [M0019707]
  A carbamate insecticide and parasiticide. It is a potent anticholinesterase agent belonging to the carbamate group of reversible cholinesterase inhibitors. It has a particularly low toxicity from dermal absorption and is used for control of head lice in some countries.
  
• Carbaryl, Manganese (2+) Salt [M0329720]
  
• Carbaryl, Nickel (2+) Salt [M0329721]
  
• Carbastat [M0467367]
  
• Carbazepin [M0354005]
  
• Carbazilquinone [M0003336]
  An alkylating agent structurally similar to MITOMYCIN and found to be effective in the treatment of leukemia and various other neoplasms in mice. It causes leukemia and thrombocytopenia in almost all human patients.
  
• Carbazoles [M0003337]
  Benzo-indoles similar to CARBOLINES which are pyrido-indoles. In plants, carbazoles are derived from indole and form some of the INDOLE ALKALOIDS.
  
• Carbecin [M0003338]
  
• Carbenicillin [M0003339]
  Broad-spectrum semisynthetic penicillin derivative used parenterally. It is susceptible to gastric juice and penicillinase and may damage platelet function.
  
• Carbenicillin Disodium [M0330918]
  
• Carbenicillin Phenyl Sodium [M0330924]
  
• Carbidopa [M0003345]
  An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE, preventing conversion of LEVODOPA to dopamine. It is used in PARKINSON DISEASE to reduce peripheral adverse effects of LEVODOPA. It has no antiparkinson actions by itself.
  
• Carbidopa, (R)-Isomer [M0330921]
  
• Carbidopa, (S)-Isomer [M0330920]
  
• Carbimazole [M0003346]
  An imidazole antithyroid agent. Carbimazole is metabolized to METHIMAZOLE, which is responsible for the antithyroid activity.
  
• Carbimazole Henning [M0477265]
  
• Carbocaine [M0013435]
  
• Carbocyanines [M0003347]
  Compounds that contain three methine groups. They are frequently used as cationic dyes used for differential staining of biological materials.
  
• Carbodiimides [M0003351]
  
• Carbofuran [M0003352]
  A cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as a systemic insecticide, an acaricide, and nematocide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Carbolines [M0003364]
  A group of pyrido-indole compounds. Included are any points of fusion of pyridine with the five-membered ring of indole and any derivatives of these compounds. These are similar to CARBAZOLES which are benzo-indoles.
  
• Carbon Tetrachloride [M0003376]
  A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone [M0003397]
  A proton ionophore. It is commonly used as an uncoupling agent and inhibitor of photosynthesis because of its effects on mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes.
  
• Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone [M0003398]
  A proton ionophore that is commonly used as an uncoupling agent in biochemical studies.
  
• Carboplatin [M0024707]
  An organoplatinum compound that possesses antineoplastic activity.
  
• Carboptic [M0467368]
  
• Carbosin [M0477268]
  
• Carbotec [M0477267]
  
• Carbowax 600 [M0017174]
  
• Carbowax-400 [M0373155]
  
• Carboxin [M0003400]
  A systemic agricultural fungicide and seed treatment agent.
  
• Carboxylic Acids [M0003405]
  Organic compounds containing the carboxy group (-COOH). This group of compounds includes amino acids and fatty acids. Carboxylic acids can be saturated, unsaturated, or aromatic.
  
• Carbutamide [M0003414]
  A sulfonylurea antidiabetic agent with similar actions and uses to CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277)
  
• Carbyl [M0467621]
  
• Cardanat [M0477841]
  
• Cardene [M0463035]
  
• Cardene I.V. [M0463038]
  
• Cardene SR [M0463036]
  
• Cardiazol [M0373142]
  
• Cardil [M0353525]
  
• Cardio-Green [M0353726]
  
• Cardiocap [M0353586]
  
• Cardiolite [M0352057]
  
• Cardiomax [M0450532]
  
• Cardiorythmine [M0431778]
  
• Cardioxane [M0018538]
  
• Cardizem [M0353526]
  
• Cardophyllin [M0432669]
  
• Cardura [M0026252]
  Trade name in United States.
  
• Carduran Neo [M0485266]
  
• Carfecillin [M0003482]
  The phenyl ester of CARBENICILLIN that, upon oral administration, is broken down in the intestinal mucosa to the active antibacterial. It is used for urinary tract infections.
  
• Carisoma [M0477278]
  
• Carisoprodol [M0003488]
  A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant whose mechanism of action is not completely understood but may be related to its sedative actions. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1202)
  
• Carlyt�ne [M0474460]
  
• Carmine [M0003489]
  Coloring matter from the insect Coccus cacti L. It is used in foods, pharmaceuticals, toiletries, etc., as a dye, and also has use as a microscopic stain and biological marker.
  
• Carminomycin II [M0003571]
  
• Carminomycin III [M0003572]
  
• Carmol [M0373262]
  
• Carmustine [M0003490]
  A cell-cycle phase nonspecific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumors and various other malignant neoplasms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p462) This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Carnitine [M0003493]
  Constituent of striated muscle and liver. It is used therapeutically to stimulate gastric and pancreatic secretions and in the treatment of hyperlipoproteinemias.
  
• Carophyll Red [M0351961]
  
• Carotaben [M0459879]
  
• Carotenes [M0370112]
  
• Carotenoids [M0003538]
  The general name for a group of fat-soluble pigments found in green, yellow, and leafy vegetables, and yellow fruits. They are aliphatic hydrocarbons consisting of a polyisoprene backbone.
  
• Carsil [M0019874]
  
• Carteolol [M0003563]
  A beta-adrenergic antagonist used as an anti-arrhythmia agent, an anti-angina agent, an antihypertensive agent, and an antiglaucoma agent.
  
• Carteolol Hydrochloride [M0003565]
  
• Carticaine [M0003566]
  A thiophene-containing local anesthetic pharmacologically similar to MEPIVACAINE.
  
• Carticaine Hydrochloride [M0492413]
  
• Carubicin [M0003573]
  A very toxic anthracycline-type antineoplastic related to DAUNORUBICIN, obtained from Actinomadura carminata.
  
• Carubicin Hydrochloride [M0003577]
  
• Carwin [M0350805]
  
• Carylderm [M0467622]
  
• Caryolysine [M0013167]
  
• Caryosan [M0373271]
  
• Casanthranol [M0003581]
  A concentrated mixture of anthranol glycosides derived from cascara sagrada.
  
• Cassadan [M0432031]
  
• Catapres [M0004615]
  
• Catechin [M0003638]
  An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.
  
• Catecholamines [M0003647]
  A general class of ortho-dihydroxyphenylalkylamines derived from tyrosine.
  
• Catechols [M0003648]
  A group of 1,2-benzenediols that contain the general formula R-C6H5O2.
  
• Catenanes [M0443666]
  Complex compounds where two cyclic molecules are interlaced together as links in a chain. They have potential use in NANOTECHNOLOGY.
  
• Catergen [M0003640]
  
• CB-1348 [M0372323]
  
• CB-154 [M0352818]
  
• CBA-93626 [M0352605]
  
• CBG [M0467168]
  
• CCC [M0004150]
  
• CCNU [M0012677]
  
• Cebutid [M0478661]
  
• Cecenu [M0463991]
  
• Ceclor [M0351076]
  
• Cedur [M0351460]
  
• CeeNU [M0012679]
  
• Ceepryn Chloride [M0003970]
  
• Cefaclor [M0003713]
  Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic derivative of CEPHALEXIN.
  
• Cefadroxil [M0003714]
  Long-acting, broad-spectrum, water-soluble, CEPHALEXIN derivative.
  
• Cefadyl [M0328941]
  
• C�faloject [M0477349]
  
• Cefalotina Normon [M0477343]
  
• Cefalotina Sodica Spaly [M0477344]
  
• Cefamandole [M0003716]
  Semisynthetic wide-spectrum cephalosporin with prolonged action, probably due to beta-lactamase resistance. It is used also as the nafate.
  
• Cefamedin [M0351016]
  
• Cefamezine [M0351015]
  
• Cefatrizine [M0003717]
  Orally active semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with broad-spectrum activity.
  
• Cefaxona [M0477854]
  
• Cefazolin [M0003718]
  A semisynthetic cephalosporin analog with broad-spectrum antibiotic action due to inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It attains high serum levels and is excreted quickly via the urine.
  
• Cefazolin Sodium [M0351014]
  
• Cefixime [M0328108]
  A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that is stable to hydrolysis by beta-lactamases.
  
• Cefizox [M0023555]
  
• Cefmax [M0023524]
  
• Cefmenoxime [M0023523]
  A cephalosporin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. It is active against most common gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, is a potent inhibitor of Enterobacteriaceae, and is highly resistant to hydrolysis by beta-lactamases. The drug has a high rate of efficacy in many types of infection and to date no severe side effects have been noted.
  
• Cefmenoxime Hydrochloride [M0023525]
  
• Cefmetazole [M0023575]
  A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. It has a high rate of efficacy in many types of infection and to date no severe side effects have been noted.
  
• Cefmetazole Sodium [M0351019]
  
• Cefmetazon [M0351018]
  
• Cefobid [M0351008]
  
• Cefonicid [M0024188]
  A second-generation cephalosporin administered intravenously or intramuscularly. Its bactericidal action results from inhibition of cell wall synthesis. It is used for urinary tract infections, lower respiratory tract infections, and soft tissue and bone infections.
  
• Cefonicid Disodium Salt [M0329458]
  
• Cefonicid Monosodium [M0329459]
  
• Cefoperazone [M0003720]
  Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that is resistant to beta-lactamase. It has been proposed especially against Pseudomonas infections.
  
• Cefoperazone Sodium [M0351007]
  
• Cefotaxime [M0003722]
  Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin.
  
• Cefotaxime Sodium [M0330933]
  
• Cefotetan [M0023580]
  A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The drug is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.
  
• Cefotetan Disodium [M0351043]
  
• Cefotiam [M0023572]
  One of the CEPHALOSPORINS that has a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.
  
• Cefotiam Hydrochloride [M0351050]
  
• Cefoxitin [M0003724]
  A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase.
  
• Cefoxitin Sodium [M0351046]
  
• Cefradil [M0477377]
  
• Cefsulodin [M0003727]
  A pyridinium-substituted semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibacterial used especially for Pseudomonas infections in debilitated patients.
  
• Cefsulodin Sodium [M0330934]
  
• Ceftazidime [M0003729]
  Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibacterial derived from CEPHALORIDINE and used especially for Pseudomonas and other gram-negative infections in debilitated patients.
  
• Ceftina [M0477342]
  
• Ceftizoxime [M0023550]
  A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic which can be administered intravenously or by suppository. The drug is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It has few side effects and is reported to be safe and effective in aged patients and in patients with hematologic disorders.
  
• Ceftizoxime Sodium [M0351052]
  
• Ceftotan [M0023579]
  
• Ceftrex [M0477855]
  
• Ceftriaxon Curamed [M0477858]
  
• Ceftriaxon Hexal [M0477859]
  
• Ceftriaxona Andreu [M0477860]
  
• Ceftriaxona LDP Torlan [M0477857]
  
• Ceftriaxone [M0003731]
  A broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic with a very long half-life and high penetrability to meninges, eyes and inner ears.
  
• Ceftriaxone Irex [M0477856]
  
• Ceftriaxone Sodium [M0330935]
  
• Ceftriaxone Sodium, Anhydrous [M0330936]
  
• Cefuroxime [M0003733]
  Broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase. It has been proposed for infections with gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, GONORRHEA, and HAEMOPHILUS.
  
• Celiprolol [M0026215]
  A cardioselective beta-1-adrenergic antagonist that may act as a partial agonist at some adrenergic sites.
  
• Celiprolol Monohydrochloride [M0350549]
  
• Celiprolol, (+,-)-Isomer [M0329369]
  
• Celiprolol, (R)-Isomer [M0329370]
  
• Celiprolol, (S)-Isomer [M0329371]
  
• Celiprolol, Monohydrochloride, (R)-Isomer [M0329367]
  
• Celiprolol, Monohydrochloride, (S)-Isomer [M0329366]
  
• cellblastin [M0476538]
  
• cellcristin [M0476544]
  
• Cellidrin [M0353789]
  
• Celocurine [M0351527]
  
• Celospor [M0003818]
  
• Celupan [M0462924]
  
• Centchroman [M0003797]
  A non-steroidal anti-fertility agent with anti-hormonal properties.
  
• Centramina [M0432470]
  
• Centrax [M0353491]
  
• Centroph�ne [M0476911]
  
• Centyl [M0459371]
  
• Cepacilina [M0459649]
  
• Cephacetrile [M0003817]
  A derivative of 7-aminocephalosporanic acid.
  
• Cephacetrile Sodium [M0330937]
  
• Cephalexin [M0003820]
  A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity similar to that of CEPHALORIDINE or CEPHALOTHIN, but somewhat less potent. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.
  
• Cephalexin Dihydride [M0330614]
  
• Cephalexin Hemihydrate [M0330616]
  
• Cephalexin Monohydrate [M0330941]
  
• Cephalexin Monohydrochloride [M0330613]
  
• Cephalexin Monohydrochloride, Monohydrate [M0330938]
  
• Cephalexin, (6R-(6alpha,7alpha(R*)))-Isomer [M0330615]
  
• Cephalexin, (6R-(6alpha,7beta(S*)))-Isomer [M0330610]
  
• Cephalexin, (6R-(6alpha,7beta))-Isomer [M0330676]
  
• Cephalexin, Monosodium Salt [M0330611]
  
• Cephalexin, Monosodium Salt, (6R-(6alpha,7beta))-Isomer [M0330612]
  
• Cephaloglycin [M0003822]
  A cephalorsporin antibiotic.
  
• Cephaloglycin Dihydrate [M0330617]
  
• Cephaloridine [M0003824]
  A cephalosporin antibiotic.
  
• Cephalosporanic Acids [M0028267]
  A family of organic compounds that are composed of a dihydrothiazine ring and a beta-lactam ring.
  
• Cephalothin [M0003828]
  A cephalosporin antibiotic.
  
• Cephapirin [M0003832]
  Cephalosporin antibiotic, partly plasma-bound, that is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.
  
• Cephapirin Sodium [M0003833]
  
• Cephradine [M0003834]
  A semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic.
  
• Cephradine Dihydrate [M0330621]
  
• Cephradine, Non-Stoichiometric Hydrate [M0330620]
  
• Ceplene [M0455955]
  Tradename for histamine dihydrochloride.
  
• Ceporexine [M0363531]
  
• Ceporin [M0354283]
  
• Ceradolan [M0023573]
  
• Cercobin M-70 [M0021368]
  
• Cerebramed [M0432297]
  
• Cerebroforte [M0474896]
  
• Cerebrovase [M0485238]
  
• Cerebroxine [M0353111]
  
• Cerepar N [M0474897]
  
• Ceresan [M0352115]
  
• Cerespan [M0015831]
  
• Ceretec [M0351239]
  
• CERM-1978 [M0024155]
  
• Cerubidine [M0005684]
  
• Cerucal [M0350876]
  
• Cerulenin [M0003925]
  Antifungal antibiotic isolated from several species, including Acremonium (Cephalosporium), Acrocylindrum, and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function and is used as a biochemical tool.
  
• Cerutil [M0351753]
  
• Cesium Trifluoroacetate [M0021956]
  
• Cesol [M0475493]
  
• Ceta Sulfa [M0475857]
  
• Cetalerg [M0477947]
  
• Cetamide [M0475858]
  
• Cetamium [M0003972]
  
• Ceterifug [M0477948]
  
• Ceti TAD [M0477949]
  
• Ceti-Puren [M0477950]
  
• Cetiderm [M0477951]
  
• Cetidura [M0477952]
  
• Cetil von ct [M0477953]
  
• CetiLich [M0477954]
  
• Cetimil [M0476697]
  
• Cetiprin [M0007265]
  
• Cetirigamma [M0477955]
  
• Cetirizin AL [M0477957]
  
• Cetirizin AZU [M0477958]
  
• Cetirizin Basics [M0477959]
  
• Cetirizine [M0026321]
  A potent second-generation histamine H1 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and pollen-induced asthma. Unlike many traditional antihistamines, it does not cause drowsiness or anticholinergic side effects.
  
• Cetirizine Dihydrochloride [M0026323]
  
• Cetirlan [M0477946]
  
• Cetomacrogol [M0003965]
  Non-ionic surfactant of the polyethylene glycol family. It is used as a solubilizer and emulsifying agent in foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals, often as an ointment base, and also as a research tool.
  
• Cetomacrogol 1000 [M0003966]
  
• Cetrexin [M0351752]
  
• Cetrimides [M0003967]
  
• Cetrimonium Compounds [M0003968]
  Cetyltrimethylammonium compounds that have cationic detergent, antiseptic, and disinfectant activities. They are used in pharmaceuticals, foods, and cosmetics as preservatives; on skin, mucous membranes, etc., as antiseptics or cleansers, and also as emulsifiers. These compounds are toxic when used orally due to neuromuscular blockade.
  
• Cetylpyridinium [M0003973]
  Cationic bactericidal surfactant used as a topical antiseptic for skin, wounds, mucous membranes, instruments, etc.; and also as a component in mouthwash and lozenges.
  
• Cetylpyridinium Chloride [M0003974]
  
• Cetylyre [M0478047]
  
• Cevadine [M0022611]
  
• Cevanes [M0003979]
  Structurally-related alkaloids that contain the cevane carbon backbone.
  
• CGP-14221-E [M0351049]
  
• CGP-2175 [M0350811]
  
• CGP-7174-E [M0351068]
  
• CGS-16949A [M0026295]
  
• CH-13437 [M0351589]
  
• Chalcone [M0003983]
  
• Chalcones [M0456658]
  Compounds based on CHALCONE. They are important intermediates in the formation of FLAVONOIDS.
  
• Chelaton 3 [M0007073]
  
• Chem mart Moclobemide [M0474401]
  
• Chemet [M0475786]
  
• Chiclida [M0473871]
  
• Chimax [M0482789]
  
• Chiniofon [M0010782]
  
• Chinoform [M0011657]
  
• Chinofungin [M0350946]
  
• Chinosol [M0353876]
  
• Chirurcoll [M0351406]
  
• Chlo-Amine [M0478187]
  
• Chloditan [M0351883]
  
• Chlodithane [M0351882]
  
• Chlophazolin [M0004614]
  
• Chlor-100 [M0478184]
  
• Chlor-Trimeton [M0004193]
  
• Chlor-Tripolon [M0478188]
  
• Chloraethyl Dr. Henning [M0477824]
  
• Chloral Hydrate [M0004114]
  A hypnotic and sedative used in the treatment of insomnia. The safety margin is too narrow for chloral hydrate to be used as a general anesthetic in humans, but it is commonly used for that purpose in animal experiments. It is no longer considered useful as an anti-anxiety medication.
  
• Chlorambucil [M0004118]
  A nitrogen mustard alkylating agent used as antineoplastic for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and others. Although it is less toxic than most other nitrogen mustards, it has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Chloramines [M0004120]
  
• Chloramphenicol [M0004121]
  An antibiotic first isolated from cultures of Streptomyces venequelae in 1947 but now produced synthetically. It has a relatively simple structure and was the first broad-spectrum antibiotic to be discovered. It acts by interfering with bacterial protein synthesis and is mainly bacteriostatic. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p106)
  
• Chloranil [M0004130]
  A quinone fungicide used for treatment of seeds and foliage.
  
• Chlorazepate [M0004627]
  
• Chlorazine [M0004201]
  
• Chlordan [M0004132]
  A highly poisonous organochlorine insecticide. The EPA has cancelled registrations of pesticides containing this compound with the exception of its use through subsurface ground insertion for termite control and the dipping of roots or tops of non-food plants. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Chlordecone [M0011942]
  A highly chlorinated polycyclic hydrocarbon insecticide whose large number of chlorine atoms makes it resistant to degradation. It has been shown to be toxic to mammals and causes abnormal cellular changes in laboratory animals.
  
• Chlordelazine [M0354102]
  
• Chlordiazepoxide [M0004133]
  An anxiolytic benzodiazepine derivative with anticonvulsant, sedative, and amnesic properties. It has also been used in the symptomatic treatment of alcohol withdrawal.
  
• Chlordiazepoxide Hydrobromide [M0330627]
  
• Chlordiazepoxide Hydrochloride [M0330625]
  
• Chlordiazepoxide Perchlorate [M0330624]
  
• Chlorhexidine [M0004138]
  A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.
  
• Chlorhexidine Acetate [M0004139]
  
• Chlorhexidine Hydrochloride [M0004140]
  
• Chloridin [M0373206]
  
• Chloriguane [M0350948]
  
• Chlorinecolinchloride [M0004151]
  
• Chlorisept [M0476660]
  
• Chlorisondamine [M0004145]
  A nicotinic antagonist used primarily as a ganglionic blocker in animal research. It has been used as an antihypertensive agent but has been supplanted by more specific drugs in most clinical applications.
  
• Chlorisondamine Chloride [M0004146]
  
• Chlormequat [M0004152]
  
• Chlormerodrin [M0004155]
  A mercurial compound that has been used as a diuretic but is now superseded by more potent and less toxic drugs. The radiolabeled form has been used as a diagnostic and research tool.
  
• Chlormethiazole [M0004156]
  A sedative and anticonvulsant often used in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Chlormethiazole has also been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic activity is not entirely clear, but it does potentiate GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptors response and it may also affect glycine receptors.
  
• Chlormezanone [M0004158]
  A non-benzodiazepine that is used in the management of anxiety. It has been suggested for use in the treatment of muscle spasm.
  
• Chlornitromycin [M0004123]
  
• Chloroacetophenone [M0004159]
  
• Chlorobenzenes [M0004161]
  
• Chlorobenzoates [M0004162]
  Benzoic acid or benzoic acid esters substituted with one or more chlorine atoms.
  
• Chlorocholine Chloride [M0004153]
  
• Chlorocid [M0004124]
  
• Chlorofluorocarbons [M0026416]
  A series of hydrocarbons containing both chlorine and fluorine. These have been used as refrigerants, blowing agents, cleaning fluids, solvents, and as fire extinguishing agents. They have been shown to cause stratospheric ozone depletion and have been banned for many uses.
  
• Chlorofluorocarbons, Methane [M0359611]
  A group of methane-based halogenated hydrocarbons containing one or more fluorine and chlorine atoms.
  
• Chloroform [M0004164]
  A commonly used laboratory solvent. It was previously used as an anesthetic, but was banned from use in the U.S. due to its suspected carcinogenicity.
  
• Chlorogenic Acid [M0004165]
  A naturally occurring phenolic acid which is a carcinogenic inhibitor. It has also been shown to prevent paraquat-induced oxidative stress in rats. (From J Chromatogr A 1996;741(2):223-31; Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 1996;60(5):765-68).
  
• Chloroguanide [M0004166]
  A biguanide compound which has little antimalarial activity until metabolized in the body to the active antimalarial agent cycloguanil. The usefulness of proguanil is limited by the rapid development of drug resistance by the malarial parasite. The hydrochloride is used for the casual prophylaxis of falciparum malaria, to suppress other forms of malaria, and to reduce transmission of infection (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p405)
  
• Chloroguanide Hydrochloride [M0004168]
  
• Chlorohydrins [M0004169]
  Any of the compounds derived from a group of glycols or polyhydroxy alcohols by chlorine substitution for part of the hydroxyl groups. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
  
• Chloromercuribenzene-p-sulphonic Acid [M0004173]
  
• Chloromercuribenzoates [M0004170]
  Chloride and mercury-containing derivatives of benzoic acid.
  
• Chloromercurinitrophenols [M0004171]
  Mercuriphenols substituted with one or more chlorine atoms and one or more nitro groups. Some of these are sulfhydryl reagents which act as chromophoric probes in enzymes and other proteins.
  
• Chloromycetin [M0004122]
  
• Chlorophenols [M0004174]
  Phenols substituted with one or more chlorine atoms in any position.
  
• Chlorophyll [M0004175]
  Porphyrin derivatives containing magnesium that act to convert light energy in photosynthetic organisms.
  
• Chlorophyll 740 [M0004176]
  
• Chlorophyllides [M0004177]
  Products of the hydrolysis of chlorophylls in which the phytic acid side chain has been removed and the carboxylic acids saponified.
  
• Chloroprene [M0004180]
  Toxic, possibly carcinogenic, monomer of neoprene, a synthetic rubber; causes damage to skin, lungs, CNS, kidneys, liver, blood cells and fetuses. Synonym: 2-chlorobutadiene.
  
• Chloroquine [M0004182]
  The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.
  
• Chloroquine Sulfate [M0353850]
  
• Chloroquinolinols [M0004185]
  8-Hydroxyquinolinols chlorinated on the number 5 and/or 7 carbon atom(s). They are antibacterial, antiprotozoal, and antidiarrheal, especially in amebiasis, and have also been used as antiseborrheics. The compounds are mostly used topically, but have been used also as animal feed additives. They may cause optic and other neuropathies and are most frequently administered in combination with other agents.
  
• Chlorothiazide [M0004186]
  A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p812)
  
• Chlorotrianisene [M0004187]
  A powerful synthetic, non-steroidal estrogen.
  
• Chlorphed [M0465097]
  
• Chlorphenamidine [M0004188]
  An acaricide used against many organophosphate and carbamate resistant pests. It acts as an uncoupling agent and monoamine oxidase inhibitor.
  
• Chlorphenesin [M0004189]
  A centrally acting muscle relaxant. Its mode of action is unknown. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1203)
  
• Chlorpheniramine [M0004190]
  A histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma. It has also been used in veterinary applications. One of the most widely used of the classical antihistaminics, it generally causes less drowsiness and sedation than PROMETHAZINE.
  
• Chlorpheniramine Maleate [M0004192]
  
• Chlorphentermine [M0004194]
  A sympathomimetic agent that was formerly used as an anorectic. It has properties similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It has been implicated in lipid storage disorders and pulmonary hypertension. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1223)
  
• Chlorphentermine Hydrochloride [M0004195]
  
• Chlorpro [M0478185]
  
• Chlorpromazine [M0004198]
  The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.
  
• Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride [M0363614]
  
• Chlorpropamide [M0004204]
  A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277)
  
• Chlorpropham [M0004206]
  A carbamate that is used as an herbicide and as a plant growth regulator.
  
• Chlorprothixene [M0004207]
  A thioxanthine with effects similar to the phenothiazine antipsychotics.
  
• Chlorquinaldol [M0004208]
  Local anti-infective agent used for skin, gastrointestinal, and vaginal infections with fungi, protozoa, and certain bacteria. In animals, it causes central nervous system damage and is not administered parenterally. It is also used as antiseptic, fungistat, or deodorant.
  
• Chlorspan 12 [M0478183]
  
• Chlortab-4 [M0478182]
  
• Chlortetracycline [M0004211]
  A TETRACYCLINE with a 7-chloro substitution.
  
• Chlortetracycline Bisulfate [M0004213]
  
• Chlortetracycline Hydrochloride [M0330638]
  
• Chlortetracycline Monohydrochloride [M0330640]
  
• Chlortetracycline Sulfate (1:1) [M0330636]
  
• Chlortetracycline Sulfate (2:1) [M0330641]
  
• Chlortetracycline, 4-Epimer [M0330635]
  
• Chlortetracycline, Calcium Salt [M0330639]
  
• Chlorthalidone [M0004215]
  A benzenesulfonamide-phthalimidine that tautomerizes to a BENZOPHENONES form. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic.
  
• Chlorzoxazone [M0004217]
  A centrally acting central muscle relaxant with sedative properties. It is claimed to inhibit muscle spasm by exerting an effect primarily at the level of the spinal cord and subcortical areas of the brain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoea, 30th ed, p1202)
  
• Chlozepid [M0004135]
  
• Cholestil [M0361691]
  
• Cholestyramine [M0004278]
  A strongly basic anion exchange resin whose main constituent is polystyrene trimethylbenzylammonium as Cl(-) anion. It exchanges chloride ions with bile salts, thus decreasing their concentration and that of cholesterol. It is used as a hypocholesteremic in diarrhea and biliary obstruction, and as an antipruritic.
  
• Cholevid [M0351851]
  
• Choline [M0004283]
  A basic constituent of lecithin that is found in many plants and animal organs. It is important as a precursor of acetylcholine, as a methyl donor in various metabolic processes, and in lipid metabolism.
  
• Choline Bitartrate [M0004284]
  
• Choline Chloride [M0004285]
  
• Choline Citrate [M0004286]
  
• Choline O-Sulfate [M0004287]
  
• Cholografin [M0351685]
  
• Choloxin [M0006145]
  
• Chondroitin Sulfate, Potassium Salt [M0330648]
  
• Chorismic Acid [M0004344]
  A cyclohexadiene carboxylic acid derived from SHIKIMIC ACID and a precursor for the biosynthesis of UBIQUINONE and the AROMATIC AMINO ACIDS.
  
• Chromans [M0004366]
  Benzopyrans saturated in the 2 and 3 positions.
  
• Chromium (2+) Oxalate [M0329899]
  
• Chromium (3+) Oxalate (3:2) [M0329890]
  
• Chromium Oxalate [M0015625]
  
• Chromomycin [M0004397]
  
• Chromomycin A3 [M0021737]
  Glycosidic antibiotic from Streptomyces griseus used as a fluorescent stain of DNA and as an antineoplastic agent.
  
• Chromomycins [M0004396]
  A complex of several closely related glycosidic antibiotics from Streptomyces griseus. The major component, CHROMOMYCIN A3, is used as a fluorescent stain of DNA where it attaches and inhibits RNA synthesis. It is also used as an antineoplastic agent, especially for solid tumors.
  
• Chromonar [M0004398]
  A coronary vasodilator agent.
  
• Chromonar Hydrochloride [M0330662]
  
• Chromones [M0004402]
  
• Chromosmon [M0354117]
  
• Chrysenes [M0004452]
  1,2-Benzphenanthrenes. POLYCYCLIC COMPOUNDS obtained from coal tar.
  
• CI-52040 [M0354141]
  
• CI-581 [M0011980]
  
• CI-628 [M0014909]
  
• CI-634 [M0021531]
  
• CI-716 [M0023150]
  
• CI-888 [M0026205]
  
• CI-898 [M0353846]
  
• CI-919 [M0353772]
  
• Cialit [M0004471]
  Tissue preservative.
  
• CIBA 32.644 BA [M0353322]
  
• Ciclofalina [M0474898]
  
• Cidex [M0350826]
  
• CiL [M0478144]
  
• Cilazapril [M0026294]
  One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors) used for hypertension. It is a prodrug that is hydrolyzed after absorption to its main metabolite cilazaprilat.
  
• Cilazapril Hydrate [M0329301]
  
• Cilazapril Monohydrobromide [M0329302]
  
• Cilazapril, (S*)-Isomer [M0329300]
  
• Cilazapril, Anhydrous [M0329303]
  
• Cilpen [M0485052]
  
• Cimetidine [M0004479]
  A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRINS output. It also blocks the activity of CYTOCHROME P-450 which might explain proposals for use in NEOADJUVANT THERAPY.
  
• Cimetidine Hydrochloride [M0423990]
  
• Cinanserin [M0004484]
  A serotonin antagonist with limited antihistaminic, anticholinergic, and immunosuppressive activity.
  
• Cinanserin Hydrochloride [M0351715]
  
• Cinarizina Inkey [M0478427]
  
• Cinarizina Ratiopharm [M0478428]
  
• Cinazi�re [M0478426]
  
• Cincain [M0350887]
  
• Cinchona Alkaloids [M0004487]
  Alkaloids extracted from various species of Cinchona.
  
• Cinfamar [M0485119]
  
• Cinna [M0478425]
  
• Cinnamates [M0004490]
  
• Cinnarizin AL [M0478429]
  
• Cinnarizin Siegfried [M0478430]
  
• Cinnarizine [M0004492]
  A piperazine derivative having histamine H1-receptor and calcium-channel blocking activity with vasodilating and antiemetic properties but it induces PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS.
  
• Cinnarizine L-Tartrate [M0331354]
  
• Cinnarizine L-Tartrate (1:1) [M0331356]
  
• Cinnarizine, (E)-Isomer [M0331353]
  
• Cinnarizine, Dihydrochloride [M0331355]
  
• Cinnipirine [M0478424]
  
• Cinobac [M0004496]
  
• Cinoxacin [M0004495]
  Synthetic antimicrobial related to OXOLINIC ACID and NALIDIXIC ACID and used in URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.
  
• Ciprinol [M0353989]
  
• Cipro [M0004499]
  
• Ciprofloxacin [M0004498]
  A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.
  
• Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride [M0361510]
  
• Circanol [M0352814]
  
• Circo-Maren [M0463055]
  
• Circupon [M0350531]
  
• Cisaken [M0478423]
  
• Cisapride [M0029858]
  A substituted benzamide used for its prokinetic properties. It is used in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia, and other disorders associated with impaired gastrointestinal motility. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)
  
• Cisordinol [M0004621]
  
• Citalopram [M0023529]
  A furancarbonitrile that is one of the SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS used as an antidepressant. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from tardive dyskinesia in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate this condition.
  
• Citanest [M0017572]
  
• Citomid [M0476545]
  
• Citraconic Anhydrides [M0004513]
  Methylmaleic anhydrides.
  
• Citrate [M0028795]
  
• Citrate de B�ta�ne UPSA [M0460095]
  
• Citrates [M0004515]
  
• Citric Acid [M0028793]
  A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.
  
• Citrinin [M0004517]
  Antibiotic and mycotoxin from Aspergillus niveus and Penicillium citrinum.
  
• Citrovorum Factor [M0004520]
  
• CL-11366 [M0350889]
  
• Cl-227193 [M0351117]
  
• CL-232325 [M0350507]
  
• CL-297939 [M0350808]
  
• CL-395 [M0373872]
  
• CL-67,772 [M0354080]
  
• CL-71,563 [M0012712]
  
• Claforan [M0354280]
  
• Clamoxyl [M0353673]
  
• Claramid [M0475119]
  
• Clarithromycin [M0026249]
  A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from ERYTHROMYCIN that is active against a variety of microorganisms. It can inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. This inhibits the translocation of aminoacyl transfer-RNA and prevents peptide chain elongation.
  
• Claritin [M0350542]
  
• Clarium [M0350543]
  
• Clavigrenin [M0485096]
  
• Clavulanate [M0372713]
  
• Clavulanic Acid [M0029416]
  Clavulanic acid and its salts and esters. The acid is a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes from Streptomyces clavuligerus. Administered alone, it has only weak antibacterial activity against most organisms, but given in combination with beta-lactam antibiotics prevents antibiotic inactivation by microbial lactamase.
  
• Clavulanic Acid, Monopotassium Salt [M0329136]
  
• Clavulanic Acid, Monosodium Salt [M0329135]
  
• Clavulanic Acids [M0004546]
  Acids, salts, and derivatives of clavulanic acid (C8H9O5N). They consist of those beta-lactam compounds that differ from penicillin in having the sulfur of the thiazolidine ring replaced by an oxygen. They have limited antibacterial action, but block bacterial beta-lactamase irreversibly, so that similar antibiotics are not broken down by the bacterial enzymes and therefore can exert their antibacterial effects.
  
• Clavulin [M0351091]
  
• Clear Eyes [M0462943]
  
• Clearasil Daily Face Wash [M0476890]
  
• Clemastine [M0004551]
  A histamine H1 antagonist used as the hydrogen fumarate in hay fever, rhinitis, allergic skin conditions, and pruritus. It causes drowsiness.
  
• Clemastine Fumarate [M0004553]
  
• Clenbuterol [M0004556]
  A substituted phenylaminoethanol that has beta-2 adrenomimetic properties at very low doses. It is used as a bronchodilator in asthma.
  
• Cl�ridium [M0485236]
  
• Clerodane Diterpenes [M0414723]
  
• Clinitar [M0372331]
  
• Clinium [M0353371]
  
• Clinoril [M0020811]
  
• Clioquinol [M0011656]
  A potentially neurotoxic 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative long used as a topical anti-infective, intestinal antiamebic, and vaginal trichomonacide. The oral preparation has been shown to cause subacute myelo-optic neuropathy and has been banned worldwide.
  
• Clodronate Disodium [M0475707]
  
• Clofazimine [M0004579]
  A fat-soluble riminophenazine dye used for the treatment of leprosy. It has been used investigationally in combination with other antimycobacterial drugs to treat Mycobacterium avium infections in AIDS patients. Clofazimine also has a marked anti-inflammatory effect and is given to control the leprosy reaction, erythema nodosum leprosum. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p1619)
  
• Clofenapate [M0004581]
  An oral hypolipemic agent in dogs and rats.
  
• Clofibrate [M0004582]
  A fibric acid derivative used in the treatment of HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE III and severe HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p986)
  
• Clofibric Acid [M0004584]
  An antilipemic agent and the biologically active metabolite of CLOFIBRATE.
  
• Clomid [M0004596]
  
• Clomiphene [M0004586]
  A triphenyl ethylene stilbene derivative which is an estrogen agonist or antagonist depending on the target tissue.
  
• Clomiphene Citrate [M0004595]
  
• Clomiphene Hydrochloride [M0331364]
  
• Clomipramine [M0004598]
  A tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE that selectively inhibits the uptake of serotonin in the brain. It is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and demethylated in the liver to form its primary active metabolite, desmethylclomipramine.
  
• Clomipramine Hydrochloride [M0004600]
  
• Clomipramine Maleate (1:1) [M0330564]
  
• Clomipramine Monohydrochloride [M0330566]
  
• Clonazepam [M0004601]
  An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptor responses.
  
• Clonidine [M0004605]
  An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Clonidine acts centrally by reducing sympathetic tone, resulting in a fall in diastolic and systolic blood pressure and a reduction in heart rate. It also acts peripherally, and this peripheral activity may be responsible for the transient increase in blood pressure seen during rapid intravenous administration. (From Martindale, the Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p350)
  
• Clonidine Dihydrochloride [M0330569]
  
• Clonidine Hydrochloride [M0004608]
  
• Clonidine Monohydrobromide [M0330567]
  
• Clonidine Monohydrochloride [M0330568]
  
• Clonitralide [M0014828]
  
• Clonixin [M0004617]
  Anti-inflammatory analgesic.
  
• Clonofilin [M0432671]
  
• Clont [M0013698]
  
• Clopamide [M0004620]
  A sulfamoylbenzamide piperidine. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic.
  
• Clopenthixol [M0004622]
  A thioxanthene with therapeutic actions similar to the phenothiazine antipsychotics. It is an antagonist at D1 and D2 dopamine receptors.
  
• Clopidol [M0004624]
  A very effective anticoccidial agent used in poultry.
  
• Cloramin [M0351947]
  
• Clorazepate Dipotassium [M0004628]
  A water-soluble benzodiazepine derivative effective in the treatment of anxiety. It has also muscle relaxant and anticonvulsant actions.
  
• Clorazepate Monopotassium [M0004629]
  
• Cloretilo Chemirosa [M0477825]
  
• Clorgyline [M0004631]
  An antidepressive agent and monoamine oxidase inhibitor related to PARGYLINE.
  
• Clotrimazole [M0004642]
  An imidazole derivative with a broad spectrum of antimycotic activity. It inhibits biosynthesis of the sterol ergostol, an important component of fungal cell membranes. Its action leads to increased membrane permeability and apparent disruption of enzyme systems bound to the membrane.
  
• Clove Oil [M0007942]
  An oil from flower buds of SYZYGIUM trees which contains large amounts of EUGENOL.
  
• Cloxacillin [M0004647]
  A semi-synthetic antibiotic that is a chlorinated derivative of OXACILLIN.
  
• Cloxacillin Sodium [M0004648]
  
• Clozapine [M0004649]
  A tricylic dibenzodiazepine, classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds several types of central nervous system receptors, and displays a unique pharmacological profile. Clozapine is a serotonin antagonist, with strong binding to 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtype. It also displays strong affinity to several dopaminergic receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, a receptor commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity. Agranulocytosis is a major adverse effect associated with administration of this agent.
  
• Clozaril [M0354010]
  
• CME-Carbodiimide [M0004653]
  
• CMW Bone Cement [M0353335]
  
• CN-55,945-27 [M0369484]
  
• Coal Tar [M0004660]
  A by-product of the destructive distillation of coal used as a topical antieczematic. It is an antipruritic and keratoplastic agent used also in the treatment of psoriasis and other skin conditions. Occupational exposure to soots, tars, and certain mineral oils is known to be carcinogenic according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985) (Merck Index, 11th ed).
  
• Cobalamins [M0022795]
  
• Cobalt Deuteroporphyrin [M0006096]
  
• Cobamides [M0004665]
  
• Coban [M0353181]
  
• Cobefrine [M0013654]
  
• Cocaine [M0004670]
  An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.
  
• Cocaine Hydrochloride [M0330572]
  
• Coccidot [M0350870]
  
• Coccinellin [M0350503]
  
• Codeine [M0004700]
  An opioid analgesic related to MORPHINE but with less potent analgesic properties and mild sedative effects. It also acts centrally to suppress cough.
  
• Codeine Phosphate [M0330573]
  
• Codinovo [M0450395]
  
• Coenzyme M [M0023195]
  
• Coffeinum N [M0466579]
  
• Coffeinum Purrum [M0466580]
  
• Cogentin [M0045521]
  
• Cogentinol [M0459462]
  
• Cognex [M0021010]
  
• Colace [M0006490]
  
• Colcemide [M0352765]
  
• Colchicine [M0004732]
  A major alkaloid from Colchicum autumnale L. and found also in other Colchicum species. Its primary therapeutic use is in the treatment of gout, but it has been used also in the therapy of familial Mediterranean fever (PERIODIC DISEASE).
  
• Colchicine, (+-)-Isomer [M0330574]
  
• Colchicine, (R)-Isomer [M0330575]
  
• Colesterinex [M0352572]
  
• Colestid [M0004740]
  
• Colestipol [M0004739]
  Highly crosslinked and insoluble basic anion exchange resin used as anticholesteremic. It may also may reduce triglyceride levels.
  
• Colestipol Hydrochloride [M0423709]
  
• Colfarit [M0001872]
  
• Colirio Alfa [M0462903]
  
• Coliriocilina [M0477239]
  
• Coliriocilina Sulfacetam [M0475859]
  
• Collodion [M0004799]
  A nitrocellulose solution in ether and alcohol. Collodion has a wide range of uses in industry including applications in the manufacture of photographic film, in fibers, in lacquers, and in engraving and lithography. In medicine it is used as a drug solvent and a wound sealant.
  
• Colo-Pleon [M0475928]
  
• Combactam [M0475792]
  
• Combantrin [M0353426]
  
• Commercial Oils [M0011257]
  
• Compazine [M0017621]
  
• Complamin [M0352646]
  
• Compomers [M0328181]
  Composite materials composed of an ion-leachable glass embedded in a polymeric matrix. They differ from GLASS IONOMER CEMENTS in that partially silanized glass particles are used to provide a direct bond to the resin matrix and the matrix is primarily formed by a light-activated, radical polymerization reaction.
  
• Compound 112531 [M0353117]
  
• Compound 48-80 [M0004944]
  
• Compound 545 [M0351690]
  
• Compound 64716 [M0352531]
  
• Compound 67-20 [M0353581]
  
• Compound 83405 [M0354276]
  
• Concentrat VO 18 [M0467623]
  
• Concise [M0329217]
  
• Concise Enamel Bond [M0329219]
  
• Concise White Sealant [M0329220]
  
• Conclude [M0361918]
  
• Concor [M0026257]
  
• Condyline [M0475067]
  
• Condylox [M0369529]
  
• Congo Red [M0005003]
  An acid dye used in testing for hydrochloric acid in gastric contents. It is also used histologically to test for AMYLOIDOSIS.
  
• Conray 420 [M0351696]
  
• Conray 60 [M0350801]
  
• Constant-T [M0362256]
  
• Contac Husten-Trunk [M0451988]
  
• Conteben [M0352346]
  
• Contimit [M0476174]
  
• Contomin [M0354101]
  
• Contraflam [M0473888]
  
• Contramareo [M0485123]
  
• Controlip [M0478145]
  
• Copal [M0476025]
  
• Copper EDTA [M0007063]
  
• Coprin [M0007074]
  
• Coproporphyrinogens [M0005158]
  Porphyrinogens which are intermediates in the heme biosynthesis. They have four methyl and four propionic acid side chains attached to the pyrrole rings. Coproporphyrinogens I and III are formed in the presence of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase from the corresponding uroporphyrinogen. They can yield coproporphyrins by autooxidation or protoporphyrin by oxidative decarboxylation.
  
• Coproporphyrins [M0005159]
  Porphyrins with four methyl and four propionic acid side chains attached to the pyrrole rings. Elevated levels of Coproporphyrin III in the urine and feces are major findings in patients with HEREDITARY COPROPORPHYRIA.
  
• Coramin [M0352616]
  
• Coramine [M0352617]
  
• Corasol [M0373141]
  
• Corbadrine [M0013657]
  
• Corbionax [M0433215]
  
• Cordarone [M0433210]
  
• Cordemcura [M0433452]
  
• Cordiamine [M0352618]
  
• Cordipin [M0369479]
  
• Cordium [M0024156]
  
• Corgard [M0014412]
  
• Coriban [M0350843]
  
• Corinfar [M0369478]
  
• Corlopam [M0028175]
  
• Cormelian [M0006431]
  
• Cornutamine [M0007664]
  
• Corontin [M0351219]
  
• Corophyllin [M0432689]
  
• Corotrope [M0474337]
  
• Corpea [M0474433]
  
• Corrinoids [M0050121]
  Cyclic TETRAPYRROLES based on the corrin skeleton.
  
• Corvaton [M0353346]
  
• Corwin [M0350804]
  
• Corynanthine [M0353126]
  
• Corynanthine Tartrate [M0023103]
  
• Coslan [M0473889]
  
• Cotinine [M0005249]
  The N-glucuronide conjugate of cotinine is a major urinary metabolite of NICOTINE. It thus serves as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco SMOKING. It has CNS stimulating properties.
  
• Coumadin [M0022874]
  
• Coumadine [M0476573]
  
• Coumaric Acids [M0005257]
  Hydroxycinnamic acid and its derivatives. Act as activators of the indoleacetic acid oxidizing system, thereby producing a decrease in the endogenous level of bound indoleacetic acid in plants.
  
• Coumarins [M0005258]
  Synthetic or naturally occurring substances related to coumarin, the delta-lactone of coumarinic acid. The various coumarins have a wide range of proposed actions and uses including as ANTICOAGULANTS, pharmaceutical aids, indicators and reagents, photoreactive substances, and ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS.
  
• Coumestrol [M0005259]
  A daidzein derivative occurring naturally in forage crops which has some estrogenic activity.
  
• Coversan [M0352342]
  
• Cozaar [M0457185]
  
• CP-12,574 [M0352087]
  
• CP-16171 [M0373882]
  
• CP-45899 [M0351143]
  
• CP-556S [M0373889]
  
• CP-62993 [M0352011]
  
• CP-89044 [M0392717]
  
• CP-90033 [M0392718]
  
• CPH86 [M0017089]
  
• Crack Cocaine [M0025291]
  The purified, alkaloidal, extra-potent form of cocaine. It is smoked (free-based), injected intravenously, and orally ingested. Use of crack results in alterations in function of the cardiovascular system, the autonomic nervous system, the central nervous system, and the gastrointestinal system. The slang term "crack" was derived from the crackling sound made upon igniting of this form of cocaine for smoking.
  
• Cranioplast [M0029999]
  
• CRD-401 [M0006433]
  
• Creatinine [M0005300]
  
• Creatinine Sulfate Salt [M0005301]
  
• Cresols [M0005307]
  
• Cripar [M0485091]
  
• Crisinor [M0440875]
  
• Crixivan [M0372273]
  
• Cromakalim [M0029396]
  A potassium-channel opening vasodilator that has been investigated in the management of hypertension. It has also been tried in patients with asthma. (Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p352)
  
• Cromakalim, (3R-cis)-Isomer [M0329128]
  
• Cromakalim, (3R-trans)-Isomer [M0329133]
  
• Cromakalim, (3S-cis)-Isomer [M0329129]
  
• Cromakalim, (trans)-Isomer [M0329131]
  
• Cromoglycate [M0006575]
  
• Cromolyn [M0330463]
  
• Cromolyn Sodium [M0006576]
  A chromone complex that acts by inhibiting the release of chemical mediators from sensitized mast cells. It is used in the prophylactic treatment of both allergic and exercise-induced asthma, but does not affect an established asthmatic attack.
  
• Crospovidone [M0351816]
  
• Crown Compounds [M0456957]
  Macrocyclic compounds analogous to CROWN ETHERS but which lack any OXYGEN atoms.
  
• Crown Ethers [M0007830]
  Macrocyclic polyethers with the repeating unit of (-CH2-CH2-O)n where n is greater than 2 and some oxygens may be replaced by nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus. These compounds are useful for coordinating CATIONS. The nomenclature uses a prefix to indicate the size of the ring and a suffix for the number of heteroatoms.
  
• Cryptands [M0443654]
  Macropolycyclic poly-aza-polyethers that are ether chains linked by three-coordinate nitrogen atoms.
  
• Cryptates [M0443653]
  Bicyclic crown compounds.
  
• Cryptenamine [M0017922]
  
• Crystapen [M0477334]
  
• CS-1170 [M0351017]
  
• CS-514 [M0350930]
  
• Cuemid [M0004279]
  
• Cuman L [M0023142]
  
• Cumulenes [M0492289]
  Compounds with four adjacent carbons joined by double bonds.
  
• Cuprizone [M0005418]
  Copper chelator that inhibits monoamine oxidase and causes liver and brain damage.
  
• Curantil [M0374377]
  
• Curare [M0005419]
  Plant extracts from several species, including Strychnos toxifera, S. castelnaei, S. crevauxii, and Chondodendron tomentosum, that produce paralysis of skeletal muscle and are used adjunctively with general anesthesia. These extracts are toxic and must be used with the administration of artificial respiration.
  
• Curatin [M0476661]
  
• Curban [M0485040]
  
• Curcumin [M0005421]
  A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.
  
• Cuvalit [M0463974]
  
• Cuxabrain [M0474899]
  
• Cuxafenon [M0475998]
  
• CV-705 [M0021885]
  
• Cyanates [M0005436]
  Organic salts of cyanic acid containing the -OCN radical.
  
• Cyanidanol-3 [M0003642]
  
• Cyanine Dye DiS-C2-(5) [M0006612]
  
• Cyanoacrylates [M0005439]
  A group of compounds having the general formula CH2=C(CN)-COOR; it polymerizes on contact with moisture; used as tissue adhesive; higher homologs have hemostatic and antibacterial properties.
  
• Cyater [M0476192]
  
• Cycasin [M0005444]
  Carcinogenic and neurotoxic glycoside occurring in a number of plant species, including Cycas revoluta.
  
• Cyclacillin [M0005445]
  A cyclohexylamido analog of PENICILLANIC ACID.
  
• Cyclamate, Calcium (2:1) Salt, Dihydrate [M0331214]
  
• Cyclamates [M0005446]
  Salts and esters of cyclamic acid.
  
• Cyclamic Acid [M0005447]
  
• Cyclandelate [M0005451]
  A direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used to dilate blood vessels. It may cause gastrointestinal distress and tachycardia.
  
• Cyclazocine [M0005452]
  An analgesic with mixed narcotic agonist-antagonist properties.
  
• Cyclic N-Oxides [M0005453]
  Heterocyclic compounds in which an oxygen is attached to a cyclic nitrogen. They include PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS; QUINOLIZINES; INDOLES; and TROPANES.
  
• Cyclic P-Oxides [M0005454]
  
• Cyclic S-Oxides [M0005455]
  
• Cyclizine [M0005457]
  A histamine H1 antagonist given by mouth or parenterally for the control of postoperative and drug-induced vomiting and in motion sickness. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p935)
  
• Cyclizine Hydrochloride [M0005458]
  
• Cyclo-C [M0005462]
  
• Cycloalkenes [M0408258]
  
• Cycloalkynes [M0411009]
  
• Cyclobutanes [M0005460]
  
• Cyclodecanes [M0443605]
  Compounds with a 10-carbon ring.
  
• Cyclodol [M0372550]
  
• Cyclofenil [M0005465]
  A gonadal stimulant and inducer of ovulation. It is used in the treatment of infertility and amenorrhea, but is thought to be less effective than CLOMIPHENE.
  
• Cyclogyl [M0005483]
  
• Cycloheptanes [M0005466]
  
• Cyclohexadienes [M0491570]
  Cyclohexanes which contain two double bonds in the ring.
  
• Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids [M0005467]
  
• Cyclohexanes [M0005469]
  Six-carbon alicyclic hydrocarbons.
  
• Cyclohexanol [M0005470]
  
• Cyclohexanols [M0005471]
  Monohydroxy derivatives of cyclohexanes that contain the general formula R-C6H11O. They have a camphorlike odor and are used in making soaps, insecticides, germicides, dry cleaning, and plasticizers.
  
• Cyclohexanones [M0005472]
  Cyclohexane ring substituted by one or more ketones in any position.
  
• Cyclohexenes [M0491569]
  Six-carbon alicyclic hydrocarbons which contain one or more double bonds in the ring. The cyclohexadienes are not aromatic, in contrast to BENZOQUINONES which are sometimes called 2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diones.
  
• Cycloheximide [M0005473]
  Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.
  
• Cyclohexylamine [M0005474]
  
• Cyclohexylamines [M0005475]
  A family of alicyclic hydrocarbons containing an amine group with the general formula R-C6H10NH2.
  
• Cyclomin [M0474863]
  
• Cyclooctanes [M0405125]
  A group of compounds with an 8-carbon ring. They may be saturated or unsaturated.
  
• Cyclooctenes [M0411011]
  
• Cyclooctodienes [M0405127]
  
• Cycloparaffins [M0005477]
  Alicyclic hydrocarbons in which three or more of the carbon atoms in each molecule are united in a ring structure and each of the ring carbon atoms is joined to two hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups. The simplest members are cyclopropane (C3H6), cyclobutane (C4H8), cyclohexane (C6H12), and derivatives of these such as methylcyclohexane (C6H11CH3). (From Sax, et al., Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)
  
• Cyclopentadienes [M0005480]
  
• Cyclopentane [M0005478]
  
• Cyclopentanes [M0005479]
  A group of alicyclic hydrocarbons with the general formula R-C5H9.
  
• Cyclopentenes [M0005481]
  
• Cyclopenthiazide [M0005482]
  Thiazide diuretic also used as an antihypertensive agent.
  
• Cyclopentolate [M0005484]
  A parasympatholytic anticholinergic used solely to obtain mydriasis or cycloplegia.
  
• Cyclopropanes [M0005491]
  
• Cyclops [M0474864]
  
• Cyclospasmol [M0351719]
  
• Cycocel [M0004154]
  
• Cygnoline [M0001307]
  
• Cyklokapron [M0021768]
  
• Cylert [M0474037]
  
• Cynkotox [M0023138]
  
• Cyproheptadine [M0005519]
  A serotonin antagonist and a histamine H1 blocker used as antipruritic, appetite stimulant, antiallergic, and for the post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome, etc.
  
• Cystadane [M0460091]
  
• Cystagon [M0351204]
  
• Cystamine [M0005528]
  A radiation-protective agent that interferes with sulfhydryl enzymes. It may also protect against carbon tetrachloride liver damage.
  
• Cystamine Calcium Salt [M0330582]
  
• Cystamine Diacetate [M0330583]
  
• Cystamine Dihydrobromide [M0330587]
  
• Cystamine Dihydrochloride [M0330589]
  
• Cystamine Hydrobromide [M0330588]
  
• Cystamine Hydrochloride [M0330586]
  
• Cystamine Sulfate [M0330585]
  
• Cystamine Sulfate (1:1) [M0330584]
  
• Cysteamine [M0005535]
  A radiation-protective agent that oxidizes in air to form CYSTAMINE. It can be given intravenously or orally to treat radiation sickness. The bitartrate has been used for the oral treatment of nephropathic cystinosis.
  
• Cysteamine Bitartrate [M0005537]
  
• Cysteamine Dihydrochloride [M0330593]
  
• Cysteamine Hydrobromide [M0330597]
  
• Cysteamine Hydrochloride [M0330592]
  
• Cysteamine Maleate (1:1) [M0330599]
  
• Cysteamine Tartrate [M0330594]
  
• Cysteamine Tartrate (1:1) [M0330595]
  
• Cysteamine Tosylate [M0330596]
  
• Cysteamine, 35S-Labeled [M0330598]
  
• Cytadren [M0000945]
  
• Cytamid [M0482790]
  
• Cytochalasin D [M0023976]
  A fungal metabolite that blocks cytoplasmic cleavage by blocking formation of contractile microfilament structures resulting in multinucleated cell formation, reversible inhibition of cell movement, and the induction of cellular extrusion. Additional reported effects include the inhibition of actin polymerization, DNA synthesis, sperm motility, glucose transport, thyroid secretion, and growth hormone release.
  
• Cytosine [M0005618]
  A pyrimidine base that is a fundamental unit of nucleic acids.
  
• Cytospaz [M0001933]
  
• Cytostat [M0475063]
  
• D & C Red No. 27 [M0016618]
  
• D & C Yellow No. 7 [M0362130]
  
• D & C Yellow No. 8 [M0350971]
  
• D-145 [M0351817]
  
• D-40TA [M0353505]
  
• D-600 [M0351224]
  
• D-65MT [M0353438]
  
• D-735 [M0350850]
  
• d-APV [M0024151]
  
• D-Tamin retard L.U.T. [M0485095]
  
• D-Vert [M0473872]
  
• DA-2370 [M0373161]
  
• Dacarbazine [M0005636]
  An antineoplastic agent. It has significant activity against melanomas. (from Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed, p564)
  
• Dacron [M0373156]
  
• Dactarin [M0013757]
  
• Daflon [M0357354]
  
• Dagan [M0463044]
  
• Dalcaine [M0012487]
  
• Dalmane [M0008646]
  
• Dalzic [M0017429]
  
• Damascones [M0482507]
  
• Damilen [M0351387]
  
• Dancor [M0463083]
  
• Danizol [M0013699]
  
• Dansyl Compounds [M0005656]
  Compounds that contain a 1-dimethylaminonaphthalene-5-sulfonyl group.
  
• Dantrium [M0005657]
  
• Dantrolene [M0005658]
  Skeletal muscle relaxant that acts by interfering with excitation-contraction coupling in the muscle fiber. It is used in spasticity and other neuromuscular abnormalities. Although the mechanism of action is probably not central, dantrolene is usually grouped with the central muscle relaxants.
  
• Dantrolene Sodium [M0005659]
  
• Daonil [M0352380]
  
• Dapaz [M0473985]
  
• Dapsoderm-X [M0485007]
  
• Dapson-Fatol [M0485006]
  
• Dapsone [M0005661]
  A sulfone active against a wide range of bacteria but mainly employed for its actions against MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE. Its mechanism of action is probably similar to that of the SULFONAMIDES which involves inhibition of folic acid synthesis in susceptible organisms. It is also used with PYRIMETHAMINE in the treatment of malaria. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p157-8)
  
• Daranide [M0006281]
  
• Daraprim [M0018254]
  
• Darolan [M0465037]
  
• Darvon [M0017771]
  
• Dasuen [M0476078]
  
• Datril [M0000119]
  
• Daunoblastin [M0361544]
  
• Daunorubicin [M0005683]
  A very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of LEUKEMIA and other NEOPLASMS.
  
• Daunorubicin Hydrochloride [M0361543]
  
• DBL Moclobemide [M0474402]
  
• DD-234 [M0353028]
  
• DDT [M0005688]
  A polychlorinated pesticide that is resistant to destruction by light and oxidation. Its unusual stability has resulted in difficulties in residue removal from water, soil, and foodstuffs. This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen: Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP-85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Deacura [M0460658]
  
• Dealkylprazepam [M0005805]
  
• Deanol [M0005699]
  An antidepressive agent that has also been used in the treatment of movement disorders. The mechanism of action is not well understood.
  
• Deanol Bisorcate [M0485009]
  
• Debecillin [M0351366]
  
• Deblaston [M0474781]
  
• Debridat [M0021981]
  
• Debrisoquin [M0005709]
  An adrenergic neuron-blocking drug similar in effects to GUANETHIDINE. It is also noteworthy in being a substrate for a polymorphic cytochrome P-450 enzyme. Persons with certain isoforms of this enzyme are unable to properly metabolize this and many other clinically important drugs. They are commonly referred to as having a debrisoquin 4-hydroxylase polymorphism.
  
• Decamethonium Compounds [M0005713]
  Compounds that contain the decamethylenebis(trimethyl)ammonium radical. These compounds frequently act as neuromuscular depolarizing agents.
  
• Deccox [M0372341]
  
• Declomycin [M0350681]
  
• D�contractyl [M0473971]
  
• Decoquinate [M0005738]
  A coccidiostat for poultry.
  
• Decranol [M0351896]
  
• DEET [M0005744]
  A compound used as a topical insect repellent that may cause irritation to eyes and mucous membranes, but not to the skin.
  
• DEET, 2,5-di-Me-Analog [M0330604]
  
• Deferoxamine [M0005750]
  Natural product isolated from Streptomyces pilosus. It forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent, particularly in the mesylate form.
  
• D�filtran [M0431649]
  
• Degranol [M0351895]
  
• Dehidrobenzperidol [M0485294]
  
• Dehydrobenzperidol [M0485293]
  
• Dekaris [M0012432]
  
• Delavirdine [M0029713]
  A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1.
  
• Delavirdine Mesylate [M0329069]
  
• Delfen Cream [M0350680]
  
• Delitex [M0463939]
  
• Delsym [M0006137]
  
• delta-Bilirubin [M0002496]
  
• Deltasoralen [M0474228]
  
• Delton [M0361919]
  
• Demeclocycline [M0005801]
  A TETRACYCLINE analog having a 7-chloro and a 6-methyl. Because it is excreted more slowly than TETRACYCLINE, it maintains effective blood levels for longer periods of time.
  
• Demeclocycline Hydrochloride [M0005802]
  
• Demeclocycline Monohydrochloride [M0350910]
  
• Demeclocycline, 4-epimer [M0330503]
  
• Demeclocycline, Calcium (1:1) Salt [M0330506]
  
• Demeclocycline, Calcium (1:2) Salt [M0330505]
  
• Demecolcine [M0005796]
  An alkaloid isolated from Colchicum autumnale L. and used as an antineoplastic.
  
• Demecolcine, (+-)-Isomer [M0330549]
  
• Demerol [M0013428]
  
• Demolox [M0433381]
  
• Dentomycin [M0474865]
  
• Deoxyepinephrine [M0006003]
  Sympathomimetic, vasoconstrictor agent.
  
• Depasan Retard [M0020198]
  
• Deponerton [M0475977]
  
• Deposul [M0350923]
  
• Deprax [M0476870]
  
• Deprenorm [M0474403]
  
• Deprenyl [M0019602]
  
• Depressan [M0006388]
  
• Depressin [M0351162]
  
• Deprilept [M0474717]
  
• Depsides [M0069241]
  Phenolic benzoic acid esters.
  
• Deptran [M0485388]
  
• Dequadin [M0485016]
  
• Dequalinium [M0006040]
  A topical bacteriostat that is available as various salts. It is used in wound dressings and mouth infections and may also have antifungal action, but may cause skin ulceration.
  
• Dequalinium Acetate [M0006041]
  
• Dequalinium Chloride [M0006039]
  
• Dequalinium Di-10-undecenoate [M0330509]
  
• Dequalinium Dibromide [M0330510]
  
• Dequalinium Diiodide [M0330508]
  
• Dequalinium Diundecenoate [M0330513]
  
• Dermalon [M0015135]
  
• Dermazin [M0475867]
  
• Dermox [M0474229]
  
• Dertil [M0351842]
  
• Desferal [M0005752]
  
• Desferrioxamine B Mesylate [M0005751]
  
• Desidox [M0485387]
  
• Desiflu [M0482910]
  
• Desipramine [M0006074]
  A tricyclic dibenzazepine compound that potentiates neurotransmission. Desipramine selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrine from the neural synapse, and also appears to impair serotonin transport. This compound also possesses minor anticholinergic activity, through its affinity to muscarinic receptors.
  
• Desipramine Hydrochloride [M0330514]
  
• Desisulpid [M0475978]
  
• Desoblit [M0459361]
  
• Desopimon [M0004197]
  
• Desoxone-1 [M0351396]
  
• Desoxyn [M0474166]
  
• Desuric [M0353574]
  
• Desyrel [M0476871]
  
• DET MS [M0485094]
  
• Deticene [M0352399]
  
• Detreomycin [M0004125]
  
• Deuteroporphyrins [M0006097]
  Porphyrins with four methyl and two propionic acid side chains attached to the pyrrole rings.
  
• Devazepide [M0029847]
  A derivative of benzodiazepine that acts on the cholecystokinin A (CCKA) receptor to antagonize CCK-8's (SINCALIDE) physiological and behavioral effects, such as pancreatic stimulation and inhibition of feeding.
  
• Devincan [M0353112]
  
• Dexambutol [M0477800]
  
• Dexatrim [M0369526]
  
• Dexedrine [M0006135]
  
• Dexef [M0477835]
  
• Dexetimide [M0006102]
  A muscarinic antagonist that has been used to treat neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism. Benzetimide is the (-)-enantimorph of dexetimide.
  
• Dexfenfluramine [M0030010]
  The S-isomer of FENFLURAMINE. It is a serotonin agonist and is used as an anorectic. Unlike fenfluramine, it does not possess any catecholamine agonist activity.
  
• Dexfenfluramine Hydrochloride [M0331384]
  
• Dexferrum [M0477639]
  
• Dexindoprofen [M0011251]
  
• Dexitac [M0466581]
  
• Dexium [M0351828]
  
• Dexmedetomidine [M0140432]
  A selective inhibitor of RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 that has analgesic and sedative properties. MEDETOMIDINE is the other racemic form.
  
• Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride [M0332427]
  
• Dexon (Polyester) [M0017196]
  
• Dexon-S [M0017197]
  
• Dexpropranolol [M0017772]
  
• Dexrazoxane [M0018537]
  
• Dextroamphetamine [M0006134]
  The d-form of AMPHETAMINE. It is a central nervous system stimulant and a sympathomimetic. It has also been used in the treatment of narcolepsy and of attention deficit disorders and hyperactivity in children. Dextroamphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulating release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. It is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic.
  
• Dextroamphetamine Sulfate [M0006133]
  
• Dextrofer [M0353692]
  
• Dextromethorphan [M0006138]
  The d-isomer of the codeine analog of LEVORPHANOL. Dextromethorphan shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used ANTITUSSIVES, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity.
  
• Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide [M0330518]
  
• Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide, (+-)-Isomer [M0330521]
  
• Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide, Monohydrate [M0330522]
  
• Dextromethorphan Hydrochloride [M0330519]
  
• Dextromethorphan, (+-)-Isomer [M0330520]
  
• Dextromoramide [M0006142]
  An opioid analgesic structurally related to METHADONE and used in the treatment of severe pain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1070)
  
• Dextromoramide Tartrate [M0485042]
  
• Dextrorphan [M0006143]
  Dextro form of levorphanol. It acts as a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, among other effects, and has been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. It is also a metabolite of DEXTROMETHORPHAN.
  
• DextroStat [M0485039]
  
• Dexverapamil [M0022609]
  
• DH-581 [M0353863]
  
• DHE-45 [M0352821]
  
• DHE-Puren [M0485093]
  
• DHE-ratiopharm [M0485099]
  
• Di-Actane [M0462786]
  
• Di-Cyclonex [M0477660]
  
• Di-Spaz [M0477661]
  
• Diabeta [M0352379]
  
• Diabetol [M0352383]
  
• Diabinese [M0004205]
  
• Diabrezide [M0483096]
  
• Diabutal [M0369493]
  
• Diacarb [M0000130]
  
• Diacetyl [M0006164]
  Carrier of aroma of butter, vinegar, coffee, and other foods.
  
• Diagesil [M0477651]
  
• Diaglyk [M0483097]
  
• Diaikron [M0352367]
  
• Dialax [M0351395]
  
• Dialferine [M0000670]
  
• Diamfenetide [M0006202]
  Anthelmintic. It has been shown to be useful in fasciola infections in sheep.
  
• Diamicron [M0009267]
  
• Diamide [M0006203]
  A sulfhydryl reagent which oxidizes sulfhydryl groups to the disulfide form. It is a radiation-sensitizing agent of anoxic bacterial and mammalian cells.
  
• Diamidine [M0016172]
  
• Diamines [M0006204]
  Organic chemicals which have two amino groups in an aliphatic chain.
  
• Diaminodiethyldisulfide [M0005529]
  
• Diammonium Oxalate [M0329882]
  
• Diamox [M0000129]
  
• Dianisidine [M0006207]
  Highly toxic compound which can cause skin irritation and sensitization. It is used in manufacture of azo dyes.
  
• Dianisidine Dihydrochloride [M0330524]
  
• Dianisidine Hydrochloride [M0330525]
  
• Dianisidine Sulfate [M0330526]
  
• Diaphyllin [M0351375]
  
• Diarylheptanoids [M0409669]
  A group of compounds consisting of two aromatic rings separated by seven carbons (HEPTANES) and having various substituents. The best known member is CURCUMIN.
  
• Diarylheptanones [M0409670]
  
• Diatrizoate [M0006219]
  A commonly used x-ray contrast medium. As DIATRIZOATE MEGLUMINE and as Diatrizoate sodium, it is used for gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.
  
• Diatrizoate Meglumine [M0006224]
  A versatile x-ray contrast medium for diagnostic radiology. It can be administered by most routes.
  
• Diatrizoic Acid Methylglucamine [M0006228]
  
• Diaval [M0476641]
  
• Diazemuls [M0006232]
  
• Diazepam [M0006229]
  A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity. It is used in the treatment of severe anxiety disorders, as a hypnotic in the short-term management of insomnia, as a sedative and premedicant, as an anticonvulsant, and in the management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p589)
  
• Diazoamino Compounds [M0461306]
  Compounds with three contiguous nitrogen atoms in linear format R2N-N=NR.
  
• Diazomethane [M0006239]
  
• Diazonium Compounds [M0006240]
  
• Diazoxide [M0006242]
  A benzothiadiazine derivative that is a peripheral vasodilator used for hypertensive emergencies. It lacks diuretic effect, apparently because it lacks a sulfonamide group.
  
• Dibenamine [M0006248]
  
• Dibent [M0477662]
  
• Dibenyline [M0016531]
  
• Dibenz(b,f)(1,4)oxazepine-10(11H)-carboxylic acid, 8-chloro-, 2-acetylhydrazide [M0019456]
  Inhibits the activity of prostaglandins.
  
• Dibenzazepines [M0006249]
  Compounds with two BENZENE rings fused to AZEPINES.
  
• Dibenziran [M0351231]
  
• Dibenzocyclooctanes [M0405128]
  Compounds containing two benzyl groups attached to an 8-carbon cyclooctane.
  
• Dibenzothiazepines [M0006251]
  
• Dibenzothiepins [M0006252]
  
• Dibenzoxazepines [M0006253]
  
• Dibenzoxepins [M0006254]
  
• Dibenzylchlorethamine [M0454899]
  An alpha adrenergic antagonist.
  
• Dibenzyline [M0351230]
  
• Dibromothymoquinone [M0006255]
  At low concentrations, this compound inhibits reduction of conventional hydrophilic electron acceptors, probably acting as a plastoquinone antagonist. At higher concentrations, it acts as an electron acceptor, intercepting electrons either before or at the site of its inhibitory activity.
  
• Dibucaine [M0006256]
  A local anesthetic of the amide type now generally used for surface anesthesia. It is one of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics and its parenteral use is restricted to spinal anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1006)
  
• Dibunol [M0352317]
  
• Dibutyl Phthalate [M0006258]
  A plasticizer used in most plastics and found in water, air, soil, plants and animals. It may have some adverse effects with long-term exposure.
  
• Dicaine [M0352621]
  
• Dicamba [M0006261]
  A chlorinated organic herbicide.
  
• Dicaptol [M0372371]
  
• Dicarbethoxydihydrocollidine [M0006262]
  1,4-Dihydro-2,4,6-trimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid diethyl ester.
  
• Dicarboxylic Acids [M0006263]
  
• Dichloroacetate [M0006264]
  An acetic acid derivative that is a metabolite of TRICHLOROETHYLENE and is formed during chlorine disinfection of drinking water. It has effects on GLUCOSE metabolism, lowers LACTATE, and activates the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX.
  
• Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene [M0005687]
  An organochlorine pesticide, it is the ethylene metabolite of DDT.
  
• Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane [M0005686]
  An organochlorine insecticide that is slightly irritating to the skin. (From Merck Index, 11th ed, p482)
  
• Dichloroethylenes [M0006268]
  Toxic chlorinated unsaturated hydrocarbons. Include both the 1,1- and 1,2-dichloro isomers. Both isomers are toxic, but 1,1-dichloroethylene is the more potent CNS depressant and hepatotoxin. It is used in the manufacture of thermoplastic polymers.
  
• Dichlorophen [M0006277]
  Nontoxic laxative vermicide effective for taenia infestation. It tends to produce colic and nausea. It is also used as a veterinary fungicide, anthelmintic, and antiprotozoan. (From Merck, 11th ed.)
  
• Dichlorphenamide [M0006280]
  A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of glaucoma.
  
• Dicinone [M0477792]
  
• Diclocil [M0485051]
  
• Diclofenac [M0006284]
  A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.
  
• Diclofenac Potassium [M0006286]
  
• Diclofenac Sodium [M0006287]
  The sodium form of DICLOFENAC. It is used for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.
  
• Diclomin [M0477663]
  
• Diclonate P [M0337685]
  
• Dicloxacillin [M0006293]
  One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE.
  
• Dicloxacillin Sodium [M0330532]
  
• Dicloxacillin, Monosodium Salt, Anhydrous [M0330533]
  
• Dicloxsig [M0485050]
  
• Dicobalt EDTA [M0007064]
  
• Dicodid [M0450396]
  
• Dicofol [M0006295]
  An organochlorine insecticide.
  
• Dicoumarin [M0372309]
  
• Dictyopterin [M0002563]
  
• Dicumarol [M0002610]
  An oral anticoagulant that interferes with the metabolism of vitamin K. It is also used in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases.
  
• Dicupral [M0006604]
  
• Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide [M0006313]
  A carbodiimide that is used as a chemical intermediate and coupling agent in peptide synthesis. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed)
  
• Dicyclomine [M0006314]
  A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic and in urinary incontinence. It has little effect on glandular secretion or the cardiovascular system. It does have some local anesthetic properties and is used in gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary tract spasms.
  
• Dicyclomine Hydrochloride [M0006316]
  
• Dicynone [M0351830]
  
• Didrex [M0002382]
  
• Dieldrin [M0006318]
  An organochlorine insecticide whose use has been cancelled or suspended in the United States. It has been used to control locusts, tropical disease vectors, in termite control by direct soil injection, and non-food seed and plant treatment. (From HSDB)
  
• Diemal [M0372656]
  
• Dienestrol [M0006320]
  A synthetic, non-steroidal estrogen structurally related to stilbestrol. It is used, usually as the cream, in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal symptoms.
  
• Dienestrol, (E,E)-Isomer [M0330535]
  
• Dienestrol, (Z,E)-Isomer [M0330537]
  
• Dienestrol, (Z,Z)-Isomer [M0330536]
  
• Diertine [M0485090]
  
• Diestet [M0473860]
  
• Diethyl Ketones [M0016176]
  
• Diethyl Pyrocarbonate [M0006345]
  Preservative for wines, soft drinks, and fruit juices and a gentle esterifying agent.
  
• Diethylamines [M0006346]
  
• Diethylcarbamazine [M0006347]
  An anthelmintic used primarily as the citrate in the treatment of filariasis, particularly infestations with Wucheria bancrofti or Loa loa.
  
• Diethylcarbamazine Citrate [M0006348]
  
• Diethylcarbamazine Citrate (1:1) [M0330541]
  
• Diethylcarbamazine Citrate (1:2) [M0330540]
  
• Diethylcarbamazine L-Tartrate (1:1) [M0330544]
  
• Diethylcarbamazine Maleate [M0330538]
  
• Diethylcarbamazine Monohydrochloride [M0330543]
  
• Diethylcarbamazine Phosphate (1:1) [M0330539]
  
• Diethyldithiocarbamate [M0006351]
  
• Diethylhexyl Phthalate [M0006353]
  An ester of phthalic acid. It appears as a light-colored, odorless liquid and is used as a plasticizer for many resins and elastomers.
  
• Diethylnitrosamine [M0006354]
  A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.
  
• Diethylpropion [M0006355]
  A appetite depressant considered to produce less central nervous system disturbance than most drugs in this therapeutic category. It is also considered to be among the safest for patients with hypertension. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2290)
  
• Diethylpropion Hydrochloride [M0006356]
  
• Diethylstilbestrol [M0006357]
  A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed)
  
• Diethylstilbestrol, (Z)-Isomer [M0331232]
  
• Diethylstilbestrol, Disodium Salt [M0331233]
  
• Difenin [M0016582]
  
• Difflam [M0477224]
  
• Diflamil [M0473943]
  
• Diflubenzuron [M0006469]
  An insect growth regulator which interferes with the formation of the insect cuticle. It is effective in the control of mosquitoes and flies.
  
• Diflucan [M0024112]
  
• Diflunisal [M0006367]
  A salicylate derivative and anti-inflammatory analgesic with actions and side effects similar to those of ASPIRIN.
  
• Difril [M0017546]
  
• Digalactolipids [M0060408]
  
• Digezanol [M0431891]
  
• Dignodolin [M0478579]
  
• Digton [M0475979]
  
• Dihematoporphyrin Ether [M0026307]
  The purified component of HEMATOPORPHYRIN DERIVATIVE, it consists of a mixture of oligomeric porphyrins. It is used in photodynamic therapy (HEMATOPORPHYRIN PHOTORADIATION); to treat malignant lesions with visible light and experimentally as an antiviral agent. It is the first drug to be approved in the use of photodynamic therapy in the United States.
  
• Dihexazin [M0005520]
  
• Dihydan [M0016581]
  
• Dihydralazine [M0006389]
  1,4-Dihydrazinophthalazine. An antihypertensive agent with actions and uses similar to those of HYDRALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p354)
  
• Dihydralazine Sulfate [M0485087]
  
• Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine [M0006390]
  Dihydro analog of beta-erythroidine, which is isolated from the seeds and other plant parts of Erythrina sp. Leguminosae. It is an alkaloid with curarimimetic properties.
  
• Dihydroalprenolol [M0006393]
  Hydrogenated alprenolol derivative where the extra hydrogens are often tritiated. This radiolabeled form of ALPRENOLOL, a beta-adrenergic blocker, is used to label the beta-adrenergic receptor for isolation and study.
  
• Dihydroergocornine [M0006403]
  A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ERGOTAMINE that contains isopropyl sidechains at the 2' and 5' positions of the molecule.
  
• Dihydroergocornine Mesylate [M0330440]
  
• Dihydroergocornine Monomesylate [M0330436]
  
• Dihydroergocristine [M0006404]
  A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ERGOTAMINE that contains an isopropyl sidechain at the 2' position of the molecule.
  
• Dihydroergocristine Monomesylate [M0330438]
  
• Dihydroergocryptine [M0006405]
  A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ERGOTAMINE that contains an isopropyl sidechain at the 2' position and an alpha-isobutyl sidechain at 5'alpha position of the molecule.
  
• Dihydroergocryptine Mesylate [M0330439]
  
• Dihydroergocryptine Monomesylate [M0330437]
  
• Dihydroergotamin AL [M0485109]
  
• Dihydroergotamine [M0006401]
  A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ERGOTAMINE. It is used as a vasoconstrictor, specifically for the therapy of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.
  
• Dihydroergotamine Mesylate [M0330548]
  
• Dihydroergotoxine [M0006406]
  A mixture of three different hydrogenated derivatives of ERGOTAMINE: DIHYDROERGOCORNINE; DIHYDROERGOCRISTINE; and DIHYDROERGOCRYPTINE. Dihydroergotoxine has been proposed to be a neuroprotective agent and a nootropic agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic actions is not clear, but it can act as an alpha-adrenergic antagonist and a dopamine agonist. The methanesulfonate salts of this mixture of alkaloids are called ERGOLOID MESYLATES.
  
• Dihydromorphine [M0006407]
  A semisynthetic analgesic used in the study of narcotic receptors. It has abuse potential.
  
• Dihydrone [M0352932]
  
• Dihydropyridines [M0006414]
  Pyridine moieties which are partially saturated by the addition of two hydrogen atoms in any position.
  
• Dihydroxydihydrobenzopyrenes [M0006422]
  Benzopyrenes saturated in any two adjacent positions and substituted with two hydroxyl groups in any position. The majority of these compounds have carcinogenic or mutagenic activity.
  
• Dihydroxytryptamines [M0006423]
  Tryptamine substituted with two hydroxyl groups in any position. Some are cytotoxic serotonin analogs that are preferentially taken up by serotonergic neurons and then destroy those neurons.
  
• Dihydroxyundecyl Resorcylic Acid Lactone [M0023125]
  
• Dihytamin [M0485107]
  
• Diiodoquin [M0353881]
  
• Diisocyanatotoluene [M0021640]
  
• Dilacor XR [M0006436]
  
• Dilangio compositu [M0459360]
  
• Dilantin [M0016583]
  
• Dilatol [M0015131]
  
• Dilaudid [M0006410]
  
• Dilazep [M0006432]
  Coronary vasodilator with some antiarrhythmic activity.
  
• Dilcoran [M0474051]
  
• Dilevalol [M0354778]
  
• Dilin [M0485297]
  
• Dilithium Oxalate [M0329893]
  
• Dilor Brand of Dyphylline [M0485298]
  
• Dilren [M0353527]
  
• Diltiazem [M0006434]
  A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of the calcium ion in membrane functions. It is also teratogenic.
  
• Diltiazem Hydrochloride [M0353529]
  
• Diltiazem Malate [M0006435]
  
• Dilzem [M0006437]
  
• Dimaprit [M0026195]
  A histamine H2 receptor agonist that is often used to study the activity of histamine and its receptors.
  
• Dimaprit Dihydrochloride [M0329354]
  
• Dimaprit Maleate (1:1) [M0329355]
  
• Dimaval [M0352349]
  
• Dimedrol [M0369590]
  
• Dimen Heumann [M0485127]
  
• Dimen Lichtenstein [M0485126]
  
• Dimenhydrinate [M0006438]
  A drug combination that contains DIPHENHYDRAMINE and THEOPHYLLINE. It is used for treating vertigo, motion sickness, and nausea associated with pregnancy. It is not effective in the treatment of nausea associated with cancer chemotherapy.
  
• Dimepheptanol [M0351994]
  
• Dimercaprol [M0006441]
  An anti-gas warfare agent that is effective against Lewisite (dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine) and formerly known as British Anti-Lewisite or BAL. It acts as a chelating agent and is used in the treatment of arsenic, gold, and other heavy metal poisoning.
  
• Dimercaptosuccinic Acid [M0330502]
  
• Dimetabs [M0485125]
  
• Dimetane [M0002956]
  
• Dimetane-Ten [M0465098]
  
• Dimethadione [M0006448]
  An anticonvulsant that is the active metabolite of TRIMETHADIONE.
  
• Dimethindene [M0006449]
  A histamine H1 antagonist. It is used in hypersensitivity reactions, in rhinitis, for pruritus, and in some common cold remedies.
  
• Dimethindene Maleate [M0330454]
  
• Dimethoxyphenylethylamine [M0006453]
  
• Dimethyl Adipimidate [M0006454]
  Bifunctional cross-linking agent that links covalently free amino groups of proteins or polypeptides, including those in cell membranes. It is used as reagent or fixative in immunohistochemistry and is a proposed antisickling agent.
  
• Dimethyl Suberimidate [M0006455]
  The methyl imidoester of suberic acid used to produce cross links in proteins. Each end of the imidoester will react with an amino group in the protein molecule to form an amidine.
  
• Dimethyl Sulfoxide [M0006456]
  A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during cryopreservation. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.
  
• Dimethylamines [M0006458]
  
• Dimethylaminoazobenzene [M0006460]
  
• Dimethyldithiocarbamate [M0006461]
  A chemical that acts as a dopamine beta-hydroxylase inhibitor. Its salts are agricultural fungicides. It is inferior to diethyldithiocarbamate as a chelating agent.
  
• Dimethylformamide [M0006462]
  
• Dimethylhydrazines [M0006463]
  Hydrazines substituted with two methyl groups in any position.
  
• Dimethylnitrosamine [M0006464]
  A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties. It causes serious liver damage and is a hepatocarcinogen in rodents.
  
• Dimethylphenylene Bis-Thioallophanate [M0021370]
  
• Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide [M0006642]
  A selective nicotinic cholinergic agonist used as a research tool. DMPP activates nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia but has little effect at the neuromuscular junction.
  
• Dimethylpolysiloxanes [M0006465]
  Silicone polymers which consist of silicon atoms substituted with methyl groups and linked by oxygen atoms. They comprise a series of biocompatible materials used as liquids, gels or solids; as film for artificial membranes, gels for implants, and liquids for drug vehicles; and as antifoaming agents.
  
• Dimethylsiloxanes [M0006466]
  
• Dimethylsulfonate [M0013614]
  
• Dimetridazole [M0006468]
  A compound used to treat histomoniasis in poultry.
  
• Dimexide [M0352390]
  
• Dimilin [M0352407]
  
• Diminazene [M0006470]
  An effective trypanocidal agent.
  
• Dimitronal [M0004493]
  
• Dinagen [M0474901]
  
• Dinarkon [M0352934]
  
• Dinate [M0485124]
  
• Dindevan [M0474394]
  
• Dinitolmide [M0006472]
  A coccidiostat for poultry.
  
• Dinitrobenzenes [M0006473]
  Benzene derivatives which are substituted with two nitro groups in the ortho, meta or para positions.
  
• Dinitrochlorobenzene [M0006475]
  A skin irritant that may cause dermatitis of both primary and allergic types. Contact sensitization with DNCB has been used as a measure of cellular immunity. DNCB is also used as a reagent for the detection and determination of pyridine compounds.
  
• Dinitrocresols [M0006476]
  
• Dinitrofluorobenzene [M0006477]
  Irritants and reagents for labeling terminal amino acid groups.
  
• Dinitrophenols [M0006478]
  Organic compounds that contain two nitro groups attached to a phenol.
  
• Dinitrophenyl Compounds [M0006474]
  
• Dinobroxol [M0451989]
  
• Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate [M0491450]
  
• Dioctyl Sulfosuccinates [M0006493]
  
• Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid [M0006484]
  All-purpose surfactant, wetting agent, and solubilizer used in the drug, cosmetics, and food industries. It has also been used in laxatives and as cerumenolytics. It is usually administered as either the calcium, potassium, or sodium salt.
  
• Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Ammonium Salt [M0331387]
  
• Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Barium Salt [M0331388]
  
• Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Calcium Salt [M0331385]
  
• Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Magnesium Salt [M0331386]
  
• Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Potassium Salt [M0006492]
  
• Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Sodium Salt [M0331389]
  
• Diodrast [M0376143]
  
• Diofluor [M0478615]
  
• Dionine [M0007911]
  
• Dionosil [M0373167]
  
• Diosmin [M0006496]
  A bioflavonoid that strengthens vascular walls.
  
• Dioxanes [M0006497]
  1,4-Diethylene dioxides. Industrial solvents. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), dioxane itself may "reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen." (Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Dioxins [M0006498]
  Chlorinated hydrocarbons containing heteroatoms that are present as contaminants of herbicides. Dioxins are carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic. They have been banned from use by the FDA.
  
• Dioxolanes [M0006499]
  
• Dioxoles [M0006500]
  
• Dioxyphenylisatin [M0015687]
  
• Diphenhydramine [M0006508]
  A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.
  
• Diphenhydramine Citrate [M0330460]
  
• Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride [M0006507]
  
• Diphenoxylate [M0006512]
  A MEPERIDINE congener used as an antidiarrheal, usually in combination with atropine. At high doses, it acts like morphine. Its unesterified metabolite difenoxin has similar properties and is used similarly. It has little or no analgesic activity.
  
• Diphenoxylate Hydrochloride [M0006513]
  
• Diphenoxylate Monohydrochloride [M0330461]
  
• Diphenyl Oxides [M0016541]
  
• Diphenylacetic Acids [M0006514]
  
• Diphenylamine [M0006515]
  In humans it may be irritating to mucous membranes. Methemoglobinemia has been produced experimentally. In veterinary use, it is one of active ingredients in topical agents for prevention and treatment of screwworm infestation. An indicator in tests for nitrate poisoning.
  
• Diphenylbenzofuran [M0002360]
  
• Diphenylcarbazide [M0006516]
  Used as an indicator in titrating iron and for the colorimetric determination of chromium and the detection of cadmium, mercury, magnesium, aldehydes, and emetine.
  
• Diphenylhexatriene [M0006517]
  A fluorescent compound that emits light only in specific configurations in certain lipid media. It is used as a tool in the study of membrane lipids.
  
• Diphergan [M0017712]
  
• Dipidolor [M0352603]
  
• Dipotassium Glycyrrhizinate [M0029246]
  
• Dipotassium Oxalate [M0329894]
  
• Diprazin [M0017713]
  
• Diprenorphine [M0006529]
  A narcotic antagonist similar in action to NALOXONE. It is used to remobilize animals after ETORPHINE neuroleptanalgesia and is considered a specific antagonist to etorphine.
  
• Diprenorphine Hydrochloride [M0330462]
  
• Diprivan [M0024131]
  
• Dipyridamole [M0006533]
  A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752)
  
• Dipyrone [M0006535]
  A drug that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is the sodium sulfonate of AMINOPYRINE. Because of the risk of serious adverse effects its use is justified only in serious situations where no alternative is available or suitable. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p13)
  
• Diquat [M0006539]
  A contact herbicide used also to produce desiccation and defoliation. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Diquat Dibromide [M0006540]
  
• Diquinol [M0485378]
  
• Disadine [M0017407]
  
• Disalan [M0351066]
  
• Disipal [M0015457]
  
• Disodium alpha-Sulfobenzylpenicillin [M0020735]
  
• Disodium Calcitetracemate [M0363996]
  
• Disodium Fluorescein [M0329115]
  
• Disodium Latamoxef [M0351097]
  
• Disodium Oxalate [M0329897]
  
• Disopyramide [M0006581]
  A class I anti-arrhythmic agent (one that interferes directly with the depolarization of the cardiac membrane and thus serves as a membrane-stabilizing agent) with a depressant action on the heart similar to that of guanidine. It also possesses some anticholinergic and local anesthetic properties.
  
• Disopyramide Monohydrochloride [M0330466]
  
• Disopyramide Phosphate [M0330465]
  
• Disopyramide Phosphate (1:1), (+-)-Isomer [M0330472]
  
• Disopyramide Phosphate (1:1), (R)-Isomer [M0330474]
  
• Disopyramide Phosphate (1:1), (S)-Isomer [M0330473]
  
• Disopyramide, (+-)-Isomer [M0330467]
  
• Disopyramide, (R)-Isomer [M0330469]
  
• Disopyramide, (S)-Isomer [M0330470]
  
• Disopyramide, D-Tartrate (1:1), (S)-Isomer [M0330471]
  
• Disopyramide, L-Tartrate (1:1), (R)-Isomer [M0330475]
  
• Disopyramide, L-Tartrate (1:1), (S)-Isomer [M0330476]
  
• Disopyramide, L-Tartrate (1:2), (+-)-Isomer [M0330468]
  
• Disopyramide, L-Tartrate, (S)-isomer [M0330464]
  
• Disorat [M0350566]
  
• Dispril [M0351707]
  
• Distannous EDTA [M0007066]
  
• Distaph [M0485049]
  
• Disthelm [M0431892]
  
• Distilb�ne [M0485064]
  
• Distolon [M0351841]
  
• Distraneurin [M0004157]
  
• Disulfiram [M0006600]
  A carbamate derivative used as an alcohol deterrent. It is a relatively nontoxic substance when administered alone, but markedly alters the intermediary metabolism of alcohol. When alcohol is ingested after administration of disulfiram, blood acetaldehyde concentrations are increased, followed by flushing, systemic vasodilation, respiratory difficulties, nausea, hypotension, and other symptoms (acetaldehyde syndrome). It acts by inhibiting aldehyde dehydrogenase.
  
• Disulone [M0372339]
  
• Diswart [M0483113]
  
• Ditak [M0353783]
  
• Diterpenes [M0006609]
  Twenty-carbon compounds derived from MEVALONIC ACID or deoxyxylulose phosphate.
  
• Diterpenes, Abietane [M0449322]
  A group of DITERPENES cyclized into 3-ring PHENANTHRENES.
  
• Diterpenes, Cembrane [M0449329]
  
• Diterpenes, Clerodane [M0449324]
  A group of DITERPENES cyclized into 2-rings with a side-chain.
  
• Diterpenes, Kaurane [M0449325]
  A group of DITERPENES cyclized into four rings.
  
• Diterpenes, Labdane [M0449330]
  
• Diterpenes, Pimarane [M0449323]
  DITERPENES that are nearly like abietanes but the 13-position has a methyl and an ethyl instead of an isopropyl group.
  
• Dithane Z-78 [M0023139]
  
• Dithiazanine [M0006610]
  3-Ethyl-2-(5-(3-ethyl-2-benzothiazolinylidene)-1,3- pentadienyl)benzothiazolium. A benzothiazole that was formerly used as an antinematodal agent and is currently used as a fluorescent dye.
  
• Dithiazanine Iodide [M0006611]
  
• Dithioerythritol [M0006614]
  A compound that, along with its isomer, Cleland's reagent (DITHIOTHREITOL), is used for the protection of sulfhydryl groups against oxidation to disulfides and for the reduction of disulfides to sulfhydryl groups.
  
• Dithionitrobenzoic Acid [M0006618]
  A standard reagent for the determination of reactive sulfhydryl groups by absorbance measurements. It is used primarily for the determination of sulfhydryl and disulfide groups in proteins. The color produced is due to the formation of a thio anion, 3-carboxyl-4-nitrothiophenolate.
  
• Dithizone [M0006622]
  Chelating agent used for heavy metal poisoning and assay. It causes diabetes.
  
• Dithrocream [M0484995]
  
• Ditilin [M0351526]
  
• Ditiocarb [M0006349]
  A chelating agent that has been used to mobilize toxic metals from the tissues of man and experimental animals. It is the main metabolite of DISULFIRAM.
  
• Ditiocarb Sodium [M0331390]
  
• Ditiocarb, Ammonium Salt [M0331393]
  
• Ditiocarb, Bismuth Salt [M0331395]
  
• Ditiocarb, Lead Salt [M0331394]
  
• Ditiocarb, Potassium Salt [M0331396]
  
• Ditiocarb, Sodium Salt, Trihydrate [M0331392]
  
• Ditiocarb, Tin(4+) Salt [M0331391]
  
• Ditiocarb, Zinc Salt [M0006350]
  
• Ditranol FNA [M0484994]
  
• Ditrimine [M0351703]
  
• Ditterolina [M0485048]
  
• Diucardin [M0353606]
  
• Diulo [M0350909]
  
• Diuramide [M0000131]
  
• Diuron [M0006629]
  A pre-emergent herbicide.
  
• Divascol [M0021629]
  
• Dixarit [M0004613]
  
• Diynes [M0492283]
  Compounds with two triple bonds. Some of them are CYTOTOXINS.
  
• Dizan [M0006613]
  
• Dizocilpine [M0329461]
  
• Dizocilpine Maleate [M0024898]
  A potent noncompetitive antagonist of the NMDA receptor (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) used mainly as a research tool. The drug has been considered for the wide variety of neurodegenerative conditions or disorders in which NMDA receptors may play an important role. Its use has been primarily limited to animal and tissue experiments because of its psychotropic effects.
  
• DL-8280 [M0333650]
  
• dl-APV [M0024152]
  
• DMH [M0485129]
  
• Dobendan [M0003975]
  
• Dobica [M0467163]
  
• Dobrofen [M0478662]
  
• Dobucor [M0485249]
  
• Dobuject [M0485248]
  
• Dobutamin Fresenius [M0485247]
  
• Dobutamin Hexal [M0485246]
  
• Dobutamin Solvay [M0485245]
  
• Dobutamin-ratiopharm [M0485255]
  
• Dobutamina Inibsa [M0485253]
  
• Dobutamina Rovi [M0485252]
  
• Dobutamine [M0006696]
  A beta-2 agonist catecholamine that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia. It is proposed as a cardiotonic after myocardial infarction or open heart surgery.
  
• Dobutamine (+)-Isomer [M0330491]
  
• Dobutamine Hydrobromide [M0330494]
  
• Dobutamine Hydrochloride [M0330490]
  
• Dobutamine Lactobionate [M0330484]
  
• Dobutamine Phosphate (1:1) Salt, (-)-Isomer [M0330486]
  
• Dobutamine Tartrate [M0330483]
  
• Dobutamine Tartrate (1:1), (R-(R*,R*))-Isomer [M0330485]
  
• Dobutamine, (-)-Isomer [M0330492]
  
• Dobutamine, Phosphate (1:1) Salt (+)-Isomer [M0330487]
  
• Dobutrex [M0006697]
  
• Docatone [M0485261]
  
• Dociton [M0350581]
  
• Dog-Net Insecticide Poudre [M0467624]
  
• Dogmatil [M0350881]
  
• Dolanaest [M0465186]
  
• Dolantin [M0369442]
  
• Dolargan [M0013425]
  
• Dolcontral [M0369441]
  
• Dolin [M0369440]
  
• Dolipol [M0476642]
  
• Dolo Visano M [M0473970]
  
• Dolobid [M0006368]
  
• Dolophine [M0013544]
  
• Dolorex [M0466363]
  
• Dolosal [M0369439]
  
• Dolsin [M0369438]
  
• Domical [M0433249]
  
• Domidon [M0492508]
  
• Domperidon AL [M0492507]
  
• Domperidon Hexal [M0492506]
  
• Domperidon Stada [M0492505]
  
• Domperidon-TEVA [M0492504]
  
• Domperidona Gamir [M0492503]
  
• Domperidone [M0006752]
  A specific blocker of dopamine receptors. It speeds gastrointestinal peristalsis, causes prolactin release, and is used as antiemetic and tool in the study of dopaminergic mechanisms.
  
• Domperidone Maleate [M0330403]
  
• Domperidone Maleate (1:1) [M0330402]
  
• Domperidone Monohydrochloride [M0330401]
  
• Donalgin [M0362051]
  
• Donix [M0464800]
  
• Dopaflex [M0463388]
  
• Dopamine [M0006756]
  One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from tyrosine and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and EPINEPHRINE. Dopamine is a major transmitter in the extrapyramidal system of the brain, and important in regulating movement. A family of receptors (RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) mediate its action.
  
• Dopamine Hydrochloride [M0006757]
  
• Dopar [M0463389]
  
• Dopergine [M0463975]
  
• Dopram [M0006781]
  
• Doreperol [M0449827]
  
• Doriden [M0373002]
  
• Dormalon [M0476755]
  
• Dormicum [M0013842]
  
• Dormicum Brand of Nitrazepam [M0476756]
  
• Dormileno [M0454557]
  
• Dormin [M0351273]
  
• Dormo-Puren [M0476757]
  
• Doryl [M0467369]
  
• Dothiepin [M0006770]
  A tricyclic antidepressant with some tranquilizing action.
  
• Dothiepin Hydrochloride [M0331397]
  
• Dotriacontane [M0006165]
  
• Dowfume W 85 [M0351864]
  
• DOX-SL [M0392705]
  
• Doxa-Puren [M0485269]
  
• Doxacor [M0485268]
  
• Doxagamma [M0485292]
  
• Doxamax [M0485291]
  
• Doxapram [M0006779]
  A central respiratory stimulant with a brief duration of action. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p1225)
  
• Doxapram Hydrochloride [M0006780]
  
• Doxatensa [M0485290]
  
• Doxazomerck [M0485289]
  
• Doxazosin [M0026251]
  A selective alpha-1-adrenergic blocker that lowers serum CHOLESTEROL. It is also effective in the treatment of HYPERTENSION.
  
• Doxazosin AL [M0485288]
  
• Doxazosin Mesylate [M0329258]
  
• Doxazosin Monohydrochloride [M0329257]
  
• Doxepin [M0006782]
  A dibenzoxepin tricyclic compound. It displays a range of pharmacological actions including maintaining adrenergic innervation. Its mechanism of action is not fully understood, but it appears to block reuptake of monoaminergic neurotransmitters into presynaptic terminals. It also possesses anticholinergic activity and modulates antagonism of histamine H(1)- and H(2)-receptors.
  
• Doxepin Hydrochloride [M0330406]
  
• Doxil [M0006786]
  
• Doxium [M0351827]
  
• DOXO-cell [M0479792]
  
• Doxolem [M0479784]
  
• Doxorubicin [M0006784]
  Antineoplastic antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces peucetius. It is a hydroxy derivative of DAUNORUBICIN.
  
• Doxorubicin Hexal [M0479791]
  
• Doxorubicin Hydrochloride [M0006787]
  
• Doxorubicin NC [M0479789]
  
• Doxorubicina Ferrer Farm [M0479788]
  
• Doxorubicina Funk [M0479787]
  
• Doxorubicina Tedec [M0479786]
  
• Doxorubicine Baxter [M0479785]
  
• Doxotec [M0479795]
  
• Doxycycline [M0006789]
  A synthetic TETRACYCLINE derivative with similar antimicrobial activity. Animal studies suggest that it may cause less tooth staining than other tetracyclines. It is used in some areas for the treatment of chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria (MALARIA, FALCIPARUM).
  
• Doxycycline Calcium [M0006792]
  
• Doxycycline Calcium Salt (1:2) [M0330412]
  
• Doxycycline Monohydrate [M0330408]
  
• Doxycycline Monohydrochloride, 6-epimer [M0330409]
  
• Doxycycline Monohydrochloride, Dihydrate [M0330411]
  
• Doxycycline Phosphate (1:1) [M0330410]
  
• Doxycycline-Chinoin [M0006790]
  
• Doxylamine [M0006795]
  Histamine H1 antagonist with pronounced sedative properties. It is used in allergies and as an antitussive, antiemetic, and hypnotic. Doxylamine has also been administered in veterinary applications and was formerly used in PARKINSONISM.
  
• DR-3355 [M0353373]
  
• Drafilyn [M0432690]
  
• Dramamine [M0006439]
  
• Dramanate [M0485128]
  
• Drapolene [M0350980]
  
• Drenural [M0465166]
  
• Droncit [M0353768]
  
• Drontsit [M0361635]
  
• Droperidol [M0006807]
  A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It is used in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as FENTANYL to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon. It is also used as a premedicant, as an antiemetic, and for the control of agitation in acute psychoses. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p593)
  
• Droxaryl [M0351233]
  
• Drylin [M0024008]
  
• DTIC-Dome [M0005638]
  
• DU-21220 [M0019135]
  
• DU-23000 [M0025398]
  
• Duaxol [M0352571]
  
• Dulcilarmes [M0475328]
  
• Dulcolax [M0352313]
  
• DuP-753 [M0029401]
  
• Dur-Elix [M0465038]
  
• duracoron [M0474434]
  
• duradermal [M0465112]
  
• durafenat [M0478146]
  
• Duralozam [M0464801]
  
• Duramorph [M0369450]
  
• Duranest [M0007924]
  
• Duraphyllin [M0432709]
  
• durazanil [M0477486]
  
• Duricef [M0353622]
  
• Duromine [M0016534]
  
• Durrax [M0372532]
  
• Durvitan [M0466582]
  
• Dusodril [M0353183]
  
• Duvadilan [M0011808]
  
• Duvaline [M0352570]
  
• Duvoid [M0460104]
  
• Dycill [M0485047]
  
• Dylix [M0485296]
  
• Dymelor [M0352361]
  
• Dynacin [M0474860]
  
• Dynacirc [M0372659]
  
• Dynamite [M0009425]
  
• Dynapen [M0006294]
  
• Dyneric [M0004588]
  
• Dynexan-MHP [M0050855]
  
• Dyphylline [M0006910]
  A THEOPHYLLINE derivative with broncho- and vasodilator properties. It is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis.
  
• Dyrenium [M0353784]
  
• Dysman [M0473890]
  
• Dysprosium Nitrilotriacetate [M0014880]
  
• E-250 [M0351220]
  
• E-Mycin E [M0352024]
  
• Easprin [M0001868]
  
• Eatan [M0476758]
  
• Ebixa [M0474759]
  
• Ebromin [M0452000]
  
• Ebucin [M0351615]
  
• Ecolid [M0353366]
  
• Econazole [M0006989]
  A broad spectrum antimycotic with some action against Gram positive bacteria. It is used topically in dermatomycoses also orally and parenterally.
  
• Econazole Nitrate [M0330414]
  
• Ecotrin [M0001873]
  
• Edecrin [M0007813]
  
• Edemox [M0431650]
  
• Edetate Disodium Calcium [M0007061]
  
• Edetates [M0007075]
  
• Edetic Acid [M0007067]
  A chelating agent (CHELATING AGENTS) that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.
  
• Edetic Acid, Calcium Salt [M0330427]
  
• Edetic Acid, Calcium, Sodium Salt [M0330426]
  
• Edetic Acid, Chromium Salt [M0330421]
  
• Edetic Acid, Dipotassium Salt [M0330419]
  
• Edetic Acid, Disodium Salt [M0330416]
  
• Edetic Acid, Disodium Salt, Dihydrate [M0330423]
  
• Edetic Acid, Disodium, Monopotassium Salt [M0330420]
  
• Edetic Acid, Magnesium Salt [M0330417]
  
• Edetic Acid, Monopotassium Salt [M0330422]
  
• Edetic Acid, Monosodium Salt [M0330418]
  
• Edetic Acid, Potassium Salt [M0330424]
  
• Edetic Acid, Sodium Salt [M0330425]
  
• Edrophonium [M0007057]
  A rapid-onset, short-acting cholinesterase inhibitor used in cardiac arrhythmias and in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. It has also been used as an antidote to curare principles.
  
• Edrophonium Bromide [M0007058]
  
• Edrophonium Chloride [M0007059]
  
• Effortil [M0350530]
  
• Efidac 24 [M0478180]
  
• Efortil [M0477842]
  
• Eglonyl [M0350880]
  
• Egtazic Acid [M0007133]
  A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.
  
• Egtazic Acid Disodium Salt [M0330429]
  
• Egtazic Acid Potassium Salt [M0330430]
  
• Egtazic Acid Sodium Salt [M0330428]
  
• Ekilid [M0475980]
  
• ektebin [M0476057]
  
• Elastica [M0019291]
  
• Elastomers [M0019288]
  A generic term for all substances having the properties of stretching under tension, high tensile strength, retracting rapidly, and recovering their original dimensions fully. They are generally POLYMERS.
  
• Elastosil [M0019855]
  
• Eldepryl [M0019603]
  
• Eldisine [M0476562]
  
• Elenium [M0353495]
  
• Elimite [M0056339]
  
• Elixophyllin [M0362255]
  
• Elkosin [M0350931]
  
• Ellagic Acid [M0007238]
  A fused four ring compound occurring free or combined in galls. Isolated from the kino of Eucalyptus maculata Hook and E. Hemipholia F. Muell. Activates Factor XII of the blood clotting system which also causes kinin release; used in research and as a dye.
  
• Ellagitannins [M0457293]
  
• Ellence [M0023489]
  
• Ellipticines [M0007239]
  Pyrido-CARBAZOLES originally discovered in the bark of OCHROSIA ELLIPTICA. They inhibit DNA and RNA synthesis and have immunosuppressive properties.
  
• EMB-Hefa [M0477799]
  
• Embanox [M0351794]
  
• Embarin [M0451679]
  
• EMBAY 8440 [M0361636]
  
• Embichin [M0013173]
  
• Embovin [M0353425]
  
• EMD-33512 [M0350807]
  
• Emdar [M0434738]
  
• Emepronium [M0007264]
  A muscarinic antagonist used mainly in the treatment of urinary syndromes. It is incompletely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and does not cross the blood-brain barrier.
  
• Emepronium Bromide [M0351160]
  
• Emergil [M0353367]
  
• Emeside [M0477810]
  
• Emetine [M0007281]
  The principal alkaloid of ipecac, from the ground roots of Uragoga (or Cephaelis) ipecacuanha or U. acuminata, of the Rubiaceae. It is used as an amebicide in many different preparations and may cause serious cardiac, hepatic, or renal damage and violent diarrhea and vomiting. Emetine inhibits protein synthesis in eucaryotic but not prokaryotic cells.
  
• Emetine Dihydrochloride [M0330432]
  
• Emetine Hydrochloride [M0007282]
  
• Eminase [M0024830]
  
• Emodin [M0007302]
  Purgative anthraquinone found in several plants, especially Rhamnus frangula. It was formerly used as a laxative, but is now used mainly as tool in toxicity studies.
  
• Emovit [M0332661]
  
• Emtryl [M0352074]
  
• Emulgen 911 [M0026037]
  
• Emulgin 913 [M0026038]
  
• EN-141 [M0352028]
  
• EN-1639A [M0014444]
  
• EN-2234A [M0352953]
  
• EN-313 [M0333636]
  
• Enalaprilat, (R)-Isomer, Anhydrous [M0329454]
  
• Enbucrilate [M0007334]
  A tissue adhesive that is applied as a monomer to moist tissue and polymerizes to form a bond. It is slowly biodegradable and used in all kinds of surgery, including dental.
  
• Enbucrilate, Homopolymer [M0330433]
  
• Encainide [M0025437]
  One of the ANTI-ARRHYTHMIA AGENTS, it blocks SODIUM CHANNELS and slows conduction within the His-Purkinje system and myocardium.
  
• Encainide Hydrochloride [M0329408]
  
• Encainide, (+)-Isomer [M0329407]
  
• Encainide, (-)-Isomer [M0329406]
  
• Encephabol [M0018264]
  
• Enclomiphene [M0004591]
  
• Enclomiphene Citrate [M0004592]
  
• Endabuse [M0352862]
  
• Endocannabinoids [M0443701]
  Endogenous compounds that bind to CANNABINOID RECEPTORS. They are structurally different from the CANNABINOIDS which are primarily derived from plants.
  
• Endocistobil [M0011646]
  
• Endographin [M0011647]
  
• Endoplus [M0431893]
  
• Endosprin [M0001874]
  
• Endosulfan [M0007429]
  A polychlorinated compound used for controlling a variety of insects. It is practically water-insoluble, but readily adheres to clay particles and persists in soil and water for several years. Its mode of action involves repetitive nerve-discharges positively correlated to increase in temperature. This compound is extremely toxic to most fish. (From Comp Biochem Physiol (C) 1993 Jul;105(3):347-61)
  
• Endrin [M0007439]
  An organochlorine compound that was formerly used as an insecticide. Its manufacture and use has been discontinued in the United States. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Enduracin [M0014809]
  
• Enduramide [M0014834]
  
• Enediynes [M0492285]
  Compounds with triple bonds to each side of a double bond. Many of these are CYTOTOXINS and are researched for use as CYTOTOXIC ANTIBIOTICS.
  
• Enerbol [M0018265]
  
• Enflurane [M0007446]
  An extremely stable inhalation anesthetic that allows rapid adjustments of anesthesia depth with little change in pulse or respiratory rate.
  
• Enfran [M0485304]
  
• Enirant [M0485089]
  
• Enkaid [M0350852]
  
• Enlirane [M0485303]
  
• Enoxacin [M0023652]
  A broad-spectrum 6-fluoronaphthyridinone antibacterial agent (FLUOROQUINOLONES) structurally related to NALIDIXIC ACID.
  
• Enoxacin Sesquihydrate [M0485309]
  
• Enoximone [M0026327]
  1,3-Dihydro-4-methyl-5-(4-(methylthio)benzoyl)-2H-imidazol-2-one. A selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor with vasodilating and positive inotropic activity that does not cause changes in myocardial oxygen consumption. It is used in patients with congestive heart failure.
  
• Enoxin [M0485308]
  
• Enoxor [M0485307]
  
• ENT-27,093 [M0351473]
  
• Ent-Kauranes [M0449326]
  
• Ent-Kaurenes [M0449327]
  
• Entero-Diyod [M0485377]
  
• Entero-Septol [M0011658]
  
• Entero-Vioform [M0011659]
  
• Enterodez [M0017400]
  
• Enteroquinol [M0011660]
  
• Entodiba [M0485376]
  
• Enzymes [M0007528]
  Biological molecules that possess catalytic activity. They may occur naturally or be synthetically created. Enzymes are usually proteins, however CATALYTIC RNA and CATALYTIC DNA molecules have also been identified.
  
• Eosin (yellowish) (free acid) [M0331221]
  
• Eosine I Bluish [M0016617]
  A red fluorescein dye used as a histologic stain. It may be cytotoxic, mutagenic, and inhibit certain mitochondrial functions.
  
• Eosine I Bluish, Dipotassium Salt [M0329840]
  
• Eosine Yellowish-(YS) [M0007531]
  A versatile red dye used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textiles, etc., and as tissue stain, vital stain, and counterstain with HEMATOXYLIN. It is also used in special culture media.
  
• Eosine Yellowish-(YS), Dipotassium Salt [M0331222]
  
• Eosine Yellowish-(YS), Potassium, Sodium Salt [M0331220]
  
• Epamin [M0016584]
  
• Epanutin [M0353241]
  
• Ephedrine [M0007539]
  An alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used in the treatment of several disorders including asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.
  
• Ephedrine Hydrochloride [M0485313]
  
• Ephedrine Renaudin [M0485312]
  
• Ephedrine Sulfate [M0485311]
  
• EPI-cell [M0485316]
  
• Epicatechin [M0003643]
  
• Epichlorohydrin [M0007543]
  A chlorinated epoxy compound used as an industrial solvent. It is a strong skin irritant and carcinogen.
  
• Epichlorohydrin, (+-)-Isomer [M0331399]
  
• Epichlorohydrin, (S)-Isomer [M0331400]
  
• Epifrin [M0007590]
  
• Epilem [M0485315]
  
• Epinephrine [M0007583]
  The active sympathomimetic hormone from the adrenal medulla in most species. It stimulates both the alpha- and beta- adrenergic systems, causes systemic vasoconstriction and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the heart, and dilates bronchi and cerebral vessels. It is used in asthma and cardiac failure and to delay absorption of local anesthetics.
  
• Epinigericin [M0014856]
  
• Epinine [M0351199]
  
• Epipodophyllotoxin [M0017088]
  
• Epirizole [M0007594]
  4-Methoxy-2-(5-methoxy-3-methylpyrazol-1-yl)-6-methylpyrimidine. A pyrimidinyl pyrazole with antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activity.
  
• Epirubicin [M0023488]
  An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA.
  
• Epirubicin Hydrochloride [M0329520]
  
• Epit Vit [M0458850]
  
• Epitelplast [M0432610]
  
• Epitol [M0354006]
  
• Epitrate [M0007584]
  
• Epodyl [M0351781]
  
• Epontol [M0351727]
  
• Epothilones [M0405146]
  A group of 16-member MACROLIDES which stabilize MICROTUBULES in a manner similar to PACLITAXEL. They were originally found in the myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum, now renamed to Polyangium (MYXOCOCCALES).
  
• Epoxy Compounds [M0007613]
  
• Epoxy Resins [M0007614]
  Organic compounds containing an epoxide group and characterized by strength and thermosetting properties. Epoxy resins are often used as dental materials.
  
• Epoxylite-9075 [M0361920]
  
• Equanil [M0013439]
  
• Eqvalan [M0331954]
  
• Eralzdin Practolol [M0017430]
  
• Ercar [M0477269]
  
• Erganton [M0485106]
  
• ergo sanol [M0485321]
  
• Ergo-Kranit [M0485320]
  
• ergobel [M0463056]
  
• Ergodavur [M0485088]
  
• Ergodesit [M0352815]
  
• Ergodryl Mono [M0485322]
  
• Ergoline [M0374693]
  
• Ergolines [M0007652]
  A series of structurally-related alkaloids that contain the ergoline backbone structure.
  
• Ergoloid Mesylates [M0007657]
  A mixture of the mesylates (methane sulfonates) of DIHYDROERGOCORNINE; DIHYDROERGOCRISTINE; and the alpha- and beta-isomers of DIHYDROERGOCRYPTINE. The substance produces a generalized peripheral vasodilation and a fall in arterial pressure and has been used to treat symptoms of mild to moderate impairment of mental function in the elderly.
  
• Ergomar [M0485319]
  
• Ergomimet [M0354246]
  
• Ergonovine [M0007653]
  An ergot alkaloid (ERGOT ALKALOIDS) with uterine and vascular smooth muscle contractile properties.
  
• Ergonovine Maleate [M0069657]
  
• Ergont [M0485105]
  
• Ergot Alkaloids [M0007656]
  Alkaloids originally isolated from the ergot fungus Claviceps purpurea (Hypocreaceae). They include compounds that are structurally related to ergoline (ERGOLINES) and ergotamine (ERGOTAMINES). Many of the ergot alkaloids act as alpha-adrenergic antagonists.
  
• Ergot Alkaloids, Hydrogenated [M0374754]
  
• ergotam von ct [M0485104]
  
• Ergotamine [M0007662]
  A vasoconstrictor found in ergot of Central Europe. It is an alpha-1 selective adrenergic agonist and is commonly used in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.
  
• Ergotamine Tartrate [M0330442]
  
• Ergotamine Tartrate (2:1) [M0330441]
  
• Ergotamines [M0007665]
  A series of structurally-related alkaloids containing the ergotaman backbone structure.
  
• Ergotaminine [M0007663]
  
• Ergothioneine [M0007666]
  A naturally occurring metabolite of HISTIDINE that has antioxidant properties.
  
• Ergotrate [M0069656]
  
• Erinit [M0350689]
  
• Eritron [M0373269]
  
• Eromycin [M0352019]
  
• Errolon [M0350916]
  
• Erycette [M0007720]
  
• Erymax [M0007721]
  
• EryPed [M0352023]
  
• Erythromycin [M0007715]
  A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.
  
• Erythromycin C [M0007718]
  
• Erythromycin Estolate [M0007723]
  A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. It is the lauryl sulfate salt of the propionic ester of erythromycin. This erythromycin salt acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.
  
• Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate [M0023980]
  A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. This compound is an ester of erythromycin base and succinic acid. It acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.
  
• Erythromycin Lactate [M0007716]
  
• Erythromycin Phosphate [M0007717]
  
• Erythroped [M0352022]
  
• Erythrosine [M0007727]
  A tetraiodofluorescein used as a red coloring in some foods (cherries, fish), as a disclosure of DENTAL PLAQUE, and as a stain of some cell types. It has structural similarity to THYROXINE.
  
• Esberizid [M0459372]
  
• Escitalopram [M0406596]
  S-enantiomer of citalopram.
  
• Esclama [M0476753]
  
• Eserine [M0351495]
  
• Esidrex [M0373034]
  
• Eskazole [M0431879]
  
• Esmacen [M0434789]
  
• Esomeprazole [M0427109]
  The S-isomer of omeprazole
  
• Esperal [M0006605]
  
• Espironolactona Alter [M0475748]
  
• Esquinon [M0352338]
  
• Estar [M0372330]
  
• Estazolam [M0007763]
  A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, hypnotic, and muscle relaxant properties. It has been shown in some cases to be more potent than DIAZEPAM or NITRAZEPAM.
  
• Esters [M0007766]
  
• Estrogens [M0007795]
  Compounds that interact with ESTROGEN RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of ESTRADIOL. Estrogens stimulate the female reproductive organs, and the development of secondary female SEX CHARACTERISTICS. Estrogenic chemicals include natural, synthetic, steroidal, or non-steroidal compounds.
  
• Estulic [M0350964]
  
• ET-495 [M0353383]
  
• Etambutol Llorente [M0477801]
  
• Etaminal [M0369491]
  
• Etanidazole [M0026334]
  A nitroimidazole that sensitizes hypoxic tumor cells that are normally resistant to radiation therapy.
  
• Etazolate [M0007803]
  A potent phosphodiesterase inhibitor proposed as an antipsychotic agent.
  
• Etazolate Hydrochloride [M0352608]
  
• Ethacridine [M0007806]
  A topically applied anti-infective agent.
  
• Ethacridine Lactate [M0007807]
  
• Ethacridine Lactate, Monohydrate [M0330351]
  
• Ethacridine Monohydrate [M0330352]
  
• Ethacrynate Sodium [M0330353]
  
• Ethacrynic Acid [M0007812]
  A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic.
  
• Ethambutol [M0007814]
  An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863)
  
• Ethambutol Hydrochloride [M0007816]
  
• Ethamide [M0350901]
  
• Ethamoxytriphetol [M0007818]
  A non-steroidal estrogen antagonist.
  
• Ethamsylate [M0007819]
  Benzenesulfonate derivative used as a systemic hemostatic.
  
• Ethane [M0007820]
  
• Ethanol [M0000653]
  A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.
  
• Ethanolamine [M0029475]
  A viscous, hygroscopic amino alcohol with an ammoniacal odor. It is widely distributed in biological tissue and is a component of lecithin. It is used as a surfactant, fluorimetric reagent, and to remove CO2 and H2S from natural gas and other gases.
  
• Ethanolamines [M0007823]
  AMINO ALCOHOLS containing the ETHANOLAMINE; (-NH2CH2CHOH) group and its derivatives.
  
• Ethchlorvynol [M0007824]
  A sedative and hypnotic that has been used in the short-term management of INSOMNIA. Its use has been superseded by other drugs.
  
• Ether, Ethyl [M0007827]
  A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.
  
• Ethers [M0007828]
  
• Ethers, Cyclic [M0007829]
  Compounds of the general formula R-O-R arranged in a ring or crown formation.
  
• Ethidium [M0007860]
  A trypanocidal agent and possible antiviral agent that is widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry. Ethidium has several experimentally useful properties including binding to nucleic acids, noncompetitive inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and fluorescence among others. It is most commonly used as the bromide.
  
• Ethidium Bromide [M0007861]
  
• Ethilon [M0015136]
  
• Ethiodan [M0351855]
  
• Ethionamide [M0007869]
  A second-line antitubercular agent that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis. It also may be used for treatment of leprosy. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p868)
  
• Ethmozine [M0024901]
  
• Ethodin [M0007808]
  
• Ethoform [M0351620]
  
• Ethoglucid [M0007884]
  Alkylating antineoplastic agent used especially in bladder neoplasms. It is toxic to hair follicles, gastro-intestinal tract, and vasculature.
  
• Ethopabate [M0007886]
  An inhibitor of folate metabolism. It is used as a coccidiostat in poultry.
  
• Ethosuximide [M0007887]
  An anticonvulsant especially useful in the treatment of absence seizures unaccompanied by other types of seizures.
  
• Ethoxy Compounds [M0007894]
  
• Ethoxyquin [M0007889]
  Antioxidant; also a post-harvest dip to prevent scald on apples and pears.
  
• Ethoxzolamide [M0007890]
  A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used as diuretic and in glaucoma. It may cause hypokalemia.
  
• Ethrane [M0351796]
  
• Ethyl Adrianol [M0350529]
  
• Ethyl Biscoumacetate [M0007891]
  A coumarin that is used as an anticoagulant. It has actions similar to those of WARFARIN. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p226)
  
• Ethyl Chloride [M0007893]
  A gas that condenses under slight pressure. Because of its low boiling point ethyl chloride sprayed on skin produces an intense cold by evaporation. Cold blocks nerve conduction. Ethyl chloride has been used in surgery but is primarily used to relieve local pain in sports medicine.
  
• Ethyl Ethers [M0007895]
  
• Ethyl Methanesulfonate [M0007896]
  An antineoplastic agent with alkylating properties. It also acts as a mutagen by damaging DNA and is used experimentally for that effect.
  
• Ethyl Propyl Ketones [M0010316]
  
• Ethylamines [M0007897]
  
• Ethyldimethylaminopropyl Carbodiimide [M0007898]
  Carbodiimide cross-linking reagent.
  
• Ethylene Bromide [M0024396]
  
• Ethylene Chlorohydrin [M0007899]
  Used as a solvent, in the manufacture of insecticides, and for treating sweet potatoes before planting. May cause nausea, vomiting, pains in head and chest, stupefaction. Irritates mucous membranes and causes kidney and liver degeneration.
  
• Ethylene Dibromide [M0024394]
  An effective soil fumigant, insecticide, and nematocide. In humans, it causes severe burning of skin and irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract. Prolonged inhalation may cause liver necrosis. It is also used in gasoline. Members of this group have caused liver and lung cancers in rodents. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), 1,2-dibromoethane may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen.
  
• Ethylene Dibromides [M0024395]
  
• Ethylene Dichlorides [M0007900]
  Toxic, chlorinated, saturated hydrocarbons. Include both the 1,1- and 1,2-dichloro isomers. The latter is considerably more toxic. It has a sweet taste, ethereal odor and has been used as a fumigant and intoxicant among sniffers. Has many household and industrial uses.
  
• Ethylene Glycol [M0029474]
  A colorless, odorless, viscous dihydroxy alcohol. It has a sweet taste, but is poisonous if ingested. Ethylene glycol is the most important glycol commercially available and is manufactured on a large scale in the United States. It is used as an antifreeze and coolant, in hydraulic fluids, and in the manufacture of low-freezing dynamites and resins.
  
• Ethylene Glycols [M0007901]
  An ethylene compound with two hydroxy groups (-OH) located on adjacent carbons. They are viscous and colorless liquids. Some are used as anesthetics or hypnotics. However, the class is best known for their use as a coolant or antifreeze.
  
• Ethylene Oxide [M0007902]
  A colorless and flammable gas at room temperature and pressure. Ethylene oxide is a bactericidal, fungicidal, and sporicidal disinfectant. It is effective against most micro-organisms, including viruses. It is used as a fumigant for foodstuffs and textiles and as an agent for the gaseous sterilization of heat-labile pharmaceutical and surgical materials. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p794)
  
• Ethylenebis(dithiocarbamates) [M0007903]
  A class of thiocarbamate derivatives whose salts possess fungicidal activity.
  
• Ethylenediamines [M0007904]
  
• Ethylenes [M0007905]
  Derivatives of ethylene, a simple organic gas of biological origin with many industrial and biological use.
  
• Ethylenethiourea [M0007906]
  A degradation product of ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) fungicides. It has been found to be carcinogenic and to cause THYROID hyperplasia.
  
• Ethylketocyclazocine [M0024932]
  A kappa opioid receptor agonist. The compound has analgesic action and shows positive inotropic effects on the electrically stimulated left atrium. It also affects various types of behavior in mammals such as locomotion, rearing, and grooming.
  
• Ethylketocyclazocine Methanesulfonate [M0024933]
  
• Ethylmaleimide [M0007908]
  A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies.
  
• Ethylmercuric Chloride [M0007909]
  A highly toxic compound used as a fungicide for treating seeds.
  
• Ethylmercury Compounds [M0007910]
  Organic mercury compounds in which the mercury is attached to an ethyl group.
  
• Ethylmorphine [M0007912]
  A narcotic analgesic and antitussive. It is metabolized in the liver by ETHYLMORPHINE-N-DEMETHYLASE and used as an indicator of liver function.
  
• Ethylmorphine Hydrochloride, (5alpha,6alpha)-Isomer [M0330366]
  
• Ethylmorphine Hydrochloride, Dihydrate, (5alpha,6alpha)-Isomer [M0330369]
  
• Ethylmorphine Sulfate (2:1), (5alpha,6alpha)-Isomer [M0330367]
  
• Ethylmorphine, (5alpha,6beta)-Isomer [M0330368]
  
• Ethylnitrosourea [M0007914]
  A nitrosourea compound with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.
  
• Ethymal [M0477817]
  
• Eti-Puren [M0477843]
  
• Etibi [M0477798]
  
• Etidocaine [M0007923]
  A local anesthetic with rapid onset and long action, similar to BUPIVACAINE.
  
• etil von ct [M0477844]
  
• Etilefrin AL [M0477845]
  
• Etilefrin-ratiopharm [M0477846]
  
• Etilefrine [M0007916]
  An adrenergic agonist that appears to interact with beta-2 and some alpha adrenergic receptors. It has been used as a vasoconstrictor agent.
  
• Etilefrine Hydrochloride [M0330371]
  
• Etilefrine Pivalate Hydrochloride [M0330370]
  
• Etimizol [M0007925]
  A xanthine-related, putative nootropic drug.
  
• Etioporphyrins [M0007927]
  Porphyrins with four methyl and four ethyl side chains attached to the pyrrole rings.
  
• Etodolac [M0026281]
  A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent with potent analgesic and antiarthritic properties. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; ankylosing SPONDYLITIS; and in the alleviation of postoperative pain (PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE).
  
• Etodolac, (+-)-Isomer [M0329289]
  
• Etodolac, (-)-Isomer [M0329290]
  
• Etodolac, (S)-Isomer [M0329291]
  
• Etodolac, Monosodium Salt [M0329286]
  
• Etodolac, Monosodium Salt, (+-) Isomer [M0329287]
  
• Etodolac, Monosodium Salt, (S)-Isomer [M0329288]
  
• Etomidate [M0007928]
  Imidazole derivative anesthetic and hypnotic with little effect on blood gases, ventilation, or the cardiovascular system. It has been proposed as an induction anesthetic.
  
• Etorphine [M0007932]
  A narcotic analgesic morphinan used as a sedative in veterinary practice.
  
• Etosuximida Faes [M0477818]
  
• Etran [M0351795]
  
• Etretinate [M0007934]
  An oral retinoid used in the treatment of keratotic genodermatosis, lichen planus, and psoriasis. Beneficial effects have also been claimed in the prophylaxis of epithelial neoplasia. The compound may be teratogenic.
  
• Etruscomycin [M0352034]
  
• EU-4200 [M0353382]
  
• Eucodal [M0352933]
  
• Eufibron [M0445259]
  
• Eufilina [M0432711]
  
• Eufilina Venosa [M0432710]
  
• Eugenol [M0007941]
  A cinnamate derivative of the shikamate pathway found in CLOVE OIL and other PLANTS.
  
• Euglucon 5 [M0352378]
  
• Euglucon N [M0352377]
  
• Euhypnos [M0021138]
  
• Eulexin [M0482786]
  
• Eunoctal [M0433375]
  
• Euphyllin Retard [M0351374]
  
• Euphylline [M0351373]
  
• Euphylong [M0021285]
  
• Eureceptor [M0350953]
  
• Eusaprim [M0024009]
  
• Euspiran [M0011784]
  
• Evans Blue [M0007985]
  An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.
  
• Evazol [M0485017]
  
• Evipan [M0373019]
  
• Evista [M0333877]
  
• Ex-Lax [M0474413]
  
• Exacyl [M0476864]
  
• Exidol [M0351641]
  
• Expanded PTFE [M0017262]
  
• Expeflen [M0452143]
  
• Expit [M0452144]
  
• Extencilline [M0351365]
  
• Extovyl [M0477354]
  
• Exypaque [M0351689]
  
• F-6066 [M0352323]
  
• F.I. 6714 [M0352829]
  
• Fadrozole [M0026296]
  A selective aromatase inhibitor effective in the treatment of estrogen-dependent disease including breast cancer.
  
• Fadrozole Monohydrochloride [M0329304]
  
• Fali-Cor [M0474435]
  
• Falicard [M0022606]
  
• Falisan-Nassbeize [M0352120]
  
• Falithrom [M0373203]
  
• Famel Bromhexine [M0465039]
  
• Famotidine [M0024121]
  A competitive histamine H2-receptor antagonist. Its main pharmacodynamic effect is the inhibition of gastric secretion.
  
• Famotidine Hydrochloride [M0329443]
  
• Fanasil [M0350925]
  
• Fanaxal [M0431913]
  
• FANFT [M0008228]
  A potent nitrofuran derivative tumor initiator. It causes bladder tumors in all animals studied and is mutagenic to many bacteria.
  
• Far-Go [M0351507]
  
• Fareston [M0026289]
  
• Farmabroxol [M0452145]
  
• Farmiblastina [M0479794]
  
• Farmorubicina [M0485317]
  
• Fasigyn [M0352086]
  
• Fat Substitutes [M0028813]
  Compounds used in food or in food preparation to replace dietary fats. They may be carbohydrate-, protein-, or fat-based. Fat substitutes are usually lower in calories but provide the same texture as fats.
  
• Faustan [M0006235]
  
• Favistan [M0352358]
  
• FB b 5097 [M0353210]
  
• FC-1157a [M0026290]
  
• FD & C Red No. 2 [M0350864]
  
• FD & C Yellow No. 5 [M0351383]
  
• FD&C Blue No. 2 [M0353725]
  
• Feen-A-Mint [M0474414]
  
• Feldene [M0016900]
  
• Felo Biochemie [M0478123]
  
• Felo-Puren [M0478124]
  
• Felobeta [M0478125]
  
• Felocor [M0478126]
  
• Felodipin 1A Pharma [M0478132]
  
• Felodipin AbZ [M0478133]
  
• Felodipin AL [M0478134]
  
• Felodipin AZU [M0478135]
  
• Felodipin dura [M0478136]
  
• Felodipin Heumann [M0478148]
  
• Felodipin Stada [M0478149]
  
• felodipin von ct [M0478150]
  
• Felodipin-ratiopharm [M0478151]
  
• Felodipine [M0024118]
  A dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with positive inotropic effects. It lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels.
  
• Felodur [M0478127]
  
• Felogamma [M0478128]
  
• Feloran [M0006289]
  
• Felviten [M0351791]
  
• Fenactil [M0354105]
  
• Fenamine [M0370892]
  
• Fenasal [M0350860]
  
• Fenbendazole [M0008324]
  Antinematodal benzimidazole used in veterinary medicine.
  
• Fenclonine Hydrochloride [M0329933]
  
• Fendiline [M0008325]
  Coronary vasodilator; inhibits calcium function in muscle cells in excitation-contraction coupling; proposed as antiarrhythmic and antianginal agents.
  
• Fendiline Hydrochloride [M0478137]
  
• Fenfluramine [M0008328]
  A centrally active drug that apparently both blocks serotonin uptake and provokes transport-mediated serotonin release.
  
• Fenfluramine Hydrochloride [M0008329]
  
• Fenfluramine Hydrochloride, (+-)-Isomer [M0331402]
  
• Fenfluramine Hydrochloride, R-Isomer [M0331403]
  
• Fenfluramine, (+-)-Isomer [M0331406]
  
• Fenfluramine, R-Isomer [M0331404]
  
• Fenigidin [M0369477]
  
• Fenilbutazon [M0016553]
  
• Fenilin [M0351701]
  
• Fenistil [M0006450]
  
• Fenobeta [M0478244]
  
• Fenofanton [M0478245]
  
• Fenofibrat AbZ [M0478246]
  
• Fenofibrat AL [M0478622]
  
• Fenofibrat AZU [M0478623]
  
• Fenofibrat Heumann [M0478624]
  
• Fenofibrat Hexal [M0478625]
  
• Fenofibrat Stada [M0478626]
  
• fenofibrat von ct [M0478627]
  
• Fenofibrat-ratiopharm [M0478628]
  
• F�nofibrate MSD [M0478154]
  
• Fenoldopam [M0028173]
  A dopamine D1 receptor agonist that is used as an antihypertensive agent. It lowers blood pressure through arteriolar vasodilation.
  
• Fenoldopam Hydrobromide [M0329177]
  
• Fenoldopam Mesylate [M0329176]
  
• Fenoprain [M0352001]
  
• Fenoprofen [M0008332]
  An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic highly bound to plasma proteins. It is pharmacologically similar to ASPIRIN, but causes less gastrointestinal bleeding.
  
• Fenoprofen Calcium [M0330378]
  
• Fenoprofen, Anhydrous, Calcium Salt [M0330377]
  
• Fenoterol [M0008335]
  An adrenergic beta-2 agonist that is used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.
  
• Fenoterol Hydrobromide [M0329001]
  
• Fenoterol Hydrochloride [M0331197]
  
• Fenretinide [M0026291]
  A synthetic retinoid that is used orally as a chemopreventive against prostate cancer and in women at risk of developing contralateral breast cancer. It is also effective as an antineoplastic agent.
  
• Fenretinide, 13-cis-Isomer [M0329299]
  
• Fensel [M0478129]
  
• Fentanest [M0008340]
  
• Fentanyl [M0008338]
  A potent narcotic analgesic, abuse of which leads to habituation or addiction. It is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. Fentanyl is also used as an adjunct to general anesthetics, and as an anesthetic for induction and maintenance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1078)
  
• Fentanyl Citrate [M0330379]
  
• Feosol [M0477640]
  
• Feprapax [M0463978]
  
• Feraken [M0474404]
  
• Ferrihaem [M0010075]
  
• Ferriprotoporphyrin [M0010076]
  
• Ferriprotoporphyrin IX [M0010077]
  
• Ferrous Ascorbate [M0001798]
  
• Ferrozine [M0008360]
  A ferroin compound that forms a stable magenta-colored solution with the ferrous ion. The complex has an absorption peak at 562 nm and is used as a reagent and indicator for iron.
  
• Ferrozine, Monosodium Salt [M0330382]
  
• Ferrozine, Monosodium Salt, Monohydrate [M0330381]
  
• Festamoxin [M0351096]
  
• FG-7051 [M0363572]
  
• FG-9065 [M0354001]
  
• Fiboran [M0434050]
  
• Fibrates [M0457739]
  Analogs of CLOFIBRIC ACID which are useful at inhibiting PPAR ALPHA for treatment of HYPERLIPIDEMIAS.
  
• Fibroderm [M0432609]
  
• Ficusin [M0008462]
  A naturally occurring furocoumarin, found in PSORALEA. After photoactivation with UV radiation, it binds DNA via single and double-stranded cross-linking.
  
• Fidium [M0477345]
  
• Fido's Free-Itch [M0467625]
  
• Filipin [M0008473]
  A complex of polyene antibiotics obtained from Streptomyces filipinensis. Filipin III alters membrane function by interfering with membrane sterols, inhibits mitochondrial respiration, and is proposed as an antifungal agent. Filipins I, II, and IV are less important.
  
• Filipin I [M0008474]
  
• Filipin II [M0008475]
  
• Filipin IV [M0008476]
  
• Fimomed [M0351405]
  
• Finlepsin [M0354007]
  
• Finoptin [M0373264]
  
• Firefly Luciferin [M0464579]
  A benzothaizole which is oxidized by LUCIFERASES, FIREFLY to cause emission of light (LUMINESCENCE).
  
• Fisifax [M0463057]
  
• FK-027 [M0333873]
  
• FK-506 [M0335288]
  
• FK749 [M0023551]
  
• FL-1039 [M0351100]
  
• FL-1060 [M0353670]
  
• FLA 63 [M0373536]
  
• FLA-731 [M0350884]
  
• FLA-870 [M0132670]
  
• Flagecidin [M0372298]
  
• Flagyl [M0013700]
  
• Flamazine [M0350922]
  
• Flavamed [M0452177]
  
• Flavanones [M0446752]
  A group of FLAVONOIDS characterized with a 4-ketone.
  
• Flavins [M0008544]
  Derivatives of the dimethylisoalloxazine (7,8-dimethylbenzo[g]pteridine-2,4(3H,10H)-dione) skeleton. Flavin derivatives serve an electron transfer function as ENZYME COFACTORS in FLAVOPROTEINS.
  
• Flavones [M0008549]
  A group of 4-keto-FLAVONOIDS.
  
• Flavonoids [M0444535]
  A group of phenyl benzopyrans named for having structures like FLAVONES.
  
• Flavonolignans [M0446743]
  Heterodimers of FLAVONOIDS bound to LIGNANS.
  
• Flavonols [M0060378]
  A group of 3-hydroxy-4-keto-FLAVONOIDS.
  
• Flavoquine [M0433380]
  
• Flavoxate [M0008552]
  A drug that has been used in various urinary syndromes and as an antispasmodic. Its therapeutic usefulness and its mechanism of action are not clear. It may have local anesthetic activity and direct relaxing effects on smooth muscle as well as some activity as a muscarinic antagonist.
  
• Flavoxate Hydrochloride [M0008554]
  
• Flaxedil [M0008956]
  
• FLB-472 [M0132671]
  
• Flecadura [M0478256]
  
• Flecainid-Isis [M0478257]
  
• Flecainide [M0008556]
  A potent anti-arrhythmia agent, effective in a wide range of ventricular and atrial arrhythmias and tachycardias. Paradoxically, however, in myocardial infarct patients with either symptomatic or asymptomatic arrhythmia, flecainide exacerbates the arrhythmia and is not recommended for use in these patients.
  
• Flecainide Acetate [M0330385]
  
• Flecainide Monoacetate, (+-)-Isomer [M0330326]
  
• Flecainide Monoacetate, (R)-Isomer [M0330269]
  
• Flecainide Monoacetate, (S)-Isomer [M0330268]
  
• Flecainide, (R)-Isomer [M0330266]
  
• Flecainide, (S)-Isomer [M0330267]
  
• Flecainide, 5-HO-N-(6-oxo)-Derivative [M0330386]
  
• Flecainide, 5-HO-N-(6-oxo)-Derivative, (+-)-Isomer [M0330383]
  
• Flecatab [M0478258]
  
• Fleet Bisacodyl [M0477472]
  
• Flegamin [M0002939]
  
• Fleroxacin [M0025289]
  A broad-spectrum antimicrobial fluoroquinolone. The drug strongly inhibits the DNA-supercoiling activity of DNA GYRASE.
  
• FLO-1347 [M0350883]
  
• Flopak Plain [M0467169]
  
• Floxacillin [M0008575]
  Antibiotic analog of CLOXACILLIN.
  
• Fluanxol [M0008639]
  
• Flubron [M0465040]
  
• Fluc Hexal [M0478553]
  
• Flucobeta [M0478554]
  
• FlucoLich [M0478555]
  
• Fluconazol AbZ [M0478556]
  
• Fluconazol AL [M0478557]
  
• Fluconazol Stada [M0478560]
  
• Fluconazol von ct [M0478561]
  
• Fluconazol-Isis [M0478562]
  
• Fluconazol-ratiopharm [M0478563]
  
• Fluconazole [M0024111]
  Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal candidiasis and cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS.
  
• Fludilat [M0351945]
  
• Flufenamic Acid [M0008579]
  An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is used in musculoskeletal and joint disorders and administered by mouth and topically. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p16)
  
• Flugalin [M0351585]
  
• Flukanide [M0351065]
  
• Fluken [M0482791]
  
• Flulem [M0482792]
  
• Flumadine [M0019120]
  
• Flumazenil [M0008585]
  A potent benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Since it reverses the sedative and other actions of benzodiazepines, it has been suggested as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdoses.
  
• Flumid [M0482794]
  
• Flunarizine [M0008587]
  Flunarizine is a selective calcium entry blocker with calmodulin binding properties and histamine H1 blocking activity. It is effective in the prophylaxis of migraine, occlusive peripheral vascular disease, vertigo of central and peripheral origin, and as an adjuvant in the therapy of epilepsy.
  
• Flunarizine Hydrochloride [M0330270]
  
• Flunazul [M0478564]
  
• Fluni 1A Pharma [M0478583]
  
• Flunibeta [M0478584]
  
• Flunimerck [M0478585]
  
• Fluninoc [M0478586]
  
• Flunir [M0463090]
  
• Flunitrazepam [M0008590]
  A benzodiazepine with pharmacologic actions similar to those of DIAZEPAM that can cause ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA. Some reports indicate that it is used as a date rape drug and suggest that it may precipitate violent behavior. The United States Government has banned the importation of this drug.
  
• Flunitrazepam-neuraxpharm [M0478587]
  
• Flunitrazepam-ratiopharm [M0478588]
  
• Flunitrazepam-Teva [M0478589]
  
• flunizep von ct [M0478590]
  
• Fluomycin [M0485015]
  
• Fluon [M0017268]
  
• Fluor-I-Strip A.T. [M0478616]
  
• Fluorenes [M0008597]
  A family of diphenylenemethane derivatives.
  
• Fluorescamine [M0008598]
  A nonfluorescent reagent for the detection of primary amines, peptides and proteins. The reaction products are highly fluorescent.
  
• Fluorescein [M0029368]
  A phthalic indicator dye that appears yellow-green in normal tear film and bright green in a more alkaline medium, such as the aqueous humor, and is used therapeutically as a diagnostic aid in corneal injuries and corneal trauma. It has been approved by FDA for use in externally applied drugs and cosmetics. (From Merck Index, 12th ed; American Medical Association Drug Evaluations; 1995, p2275)
  
• Fluorescein (5 or 6)-Isothiocyanate [M0329381]
  
• Fluorescein Dipotassium Salt [M0329116]
  
• Fluorescein Monosodium Salt [M0329114]
  
• Fluorescein Sodium [M0354230]
  
• Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate [M0025373]
  Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.
  
• Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Hydrochloride [M0329382]
  
• Fluoresceins [M0008602]
  A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays.
  
• Fluorescite [M0478614]
  
• Fluorets [M0478617]
  
• Fluorinated Telomer Alcohols [M0496631]
  
• Fluoroacetates [M0008620]
  Derivatives of acetic acid with one or more fluorines attached. They are almost odorless, difficult to detect chemically, and very stable. The acid itself, as well as the derivatives that are broken down in the body to the acid, are highly toxic substances, behaving as convulsant poisons with a delayed action. (From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed)
  
• Fluorobenzenes [M0008621]
  
• Fluorocarbon Emulsions [M0008624]
  
• Fluorocarbon Polymers [M0008622]
  
• Fluorocarbon Resins [M0008623]
  
• Fluorocarbons [M0008625]
  Liquid perfluorinated carbon compounds which may or may not contain a hetero atom such as nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, but do not contain another halogen or hydrogen atom. This concept includes fluorocarbon emulsions and fluorocarbon blood substitutes.
  
• Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 [M0029360]
  The compound is given by intravenous injection to do POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY for the assessment of cerebral and myocardial glucose metabolism in various physiological or pathological states including stroke and myocardial ischemia. It is also employed for the detection of malignant tumors including those of the brain, liver, and thyroid gland. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1162)
  
• Fluoroplast [M0017266]
  
• Fluoroquinolones [M0372253]
  A group of QUINOLONES with at least one fluorine atom and a piperazinyl group.
  
• Fluothane [M0351863]
  
• Fluoxetine [M0008635]
  The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.
  
• Fluoxetine Hydrochloride [M0351280]
  
• Flupenthixol [M0008640]
  A thioxanthene neuroleptic that, unlike CHLORPROMAZINE, is claimed to have CNS-activating properties. It is used in the treatment of psychoses although not in excited or manic patients. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p595)
  
• Fluphenazine [M0008641]
  A phenothiazine used in the treatment of PSYCHOSES. Its properties and uses are generally similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE.
  
• Fluphenazine Hydrochloride [M0354107]
  
• Flupyrazapon [M0023147]
  
• Flupyrazopon [M0023148]
  
• Fluram [M0350965]
  
• Flurazepam [M0008645]
  A benzodiazepine derivative used mainly as a hypnotic.
  
• Flurazepam Hydrochloride [M0330277]
  
• Flurazepam Mono-Perchlorate [M0330278]
  
• Flurazepam Monohydrochloride [M0330279]
  
• Flurbiprofen [M0008647]
  An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic of the phenylalkynoic acid series. It has been shown to reduce bone resorption in periodontal disease by inhibiting carbonic anhydrase.
  
• Flurbiprofen Sodium [M0478669]
  
• Flurothyl [M0008648]
  A convulsant primarily used in experimental animals. It was formerly used to induce convulsions as a alternative to electroshock therapy.
  
• Flusemide [M0463045]
  
• Fluspi [M0478673]
  
• Fluspirilen beta [M0478671]
  
• Fluspirilen Lindo [M0478672]
  
• Fluspirilene [M0008650]
  A long-acting injectable antipsychotic agent used for chronic schizophrenia.
  
• Fluta 1A Pharma [M0482795]
  
• Fluta-cell [M0482796]
  
• Fluta-GRY [M0482797]
  
• Flutamide [M0008651]
  An antiandrogen with about the same potency as cyproterone in rodent and canine species.
  
• Flutamin [M0482798]
  
• Flutandrona [M0482799]
  
• Flutaplex [M0482800]
  
• Flutexin [M0482801]
  
• Fluvoxadura [M0482912]
  
• Fluvoxamin AL [M0482913]
  
• Fluvoxamin beta [M0482914]
  
• Fluvoxamin Stada [M0482915]
  
• Fluvoxamin-neuraxpharm [M0482916]
  
• Fluvoxamin-ratiopharm [M0482917]
  
• Fluvoxamina Geminis [M0482918]
  
• Fluvoxamine [M0025397]
  A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. It is effective in the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorders, anxiety, panic disorders, and alcohol amnestic disorders.
  
• Fluvoxamine Maleate [M0351235]
  
• Fluvoxamine Maleate, (E)-Isomer [M0329384]
  
• Fluvoxamine, (Z)-Isomer [M0329386]
  
• Fluxema [M0459362]
  
• FMC-33297 [M0056340]
  
• Folacin [M0008660]
  
• Folate Polyglutamates [M0018078]
  
• Folic Acid [M0008658]
  A member of the vitamin B family that stimulates the hematopoietic system. It is present in the liver and kidney and is found in mushrooms, spinach, yeast, green leaves, and grasses (POACEAE). Folic acid is used in the treatment and prevention of folate deficiencies and megaloblastic anemia.
  
• Folic Acid, (D)-Isomer [M0330288]
  
• Folic Acid, (DL)-Isomer [M0330289]
  
• Folic Acid, Calcium Salt (1:1) [M0330290]
  
• Folic Acid, Monopotassium Salt [M0330285]
  
• Folic Acid, Monosodium Salt [M0330287]
  
• Folic Acid, Potassium Salt [M0330284]
  
• Folic Acid, Sodium Salt [M0330286]
  
• Foligan [M0451759]
  
• Folvite [M0008661]
  
• Food Orange 8 [M0351960]
  
• Fordiuran [M0465167]
  
• Formaldehyde [M0008753]
  A highly reactive aldehyde gas formed by oxidation or incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. In solution, it has a wide range of uses: in the manufacture of resins and textiles, as a disinfectant, and as a laboratory fixative or preservative. Formaldehyde solution (formalin) is considered a hazardous compound, and its vapor toxic. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p717)
  
• Formalin [M0372970]
  
• Formamides [M0008756]
  A group of amides with the general formula of R-CONH2.
  
• Formates [M0008758]
  
• Formazans [M0008759]
  Colored azo compounds formed by the reduction of tetrazolium salts. Employing this reaction, oxidoreductase activity can be determined quantitatively in tissue sections by allowing the enzymes to act on their specific substrates in the presence of tetrazolium salts.
  
• Formic Acid Esters [M0008760]
  
• Formic Acids [M0008761]
  
• Formiminoglutamic Acid [M0008762]
  Measurement of this acid in the urine after oral administration of histidine provides the basis for the diagnostic test of folic acid deficiency and of megaloblastic anemia of pregnancy.
  
• Formocresols [M0008763]
  
• Formol [M0008754]
  
• Formyltetrahydrofolates [M0008775]
  Tetrahydrofolates which are substituted by a formyl group at either the nitrogen atom in the 5 position or the nitrogen atom in the 10 position. N(5)-Formyltetrahydrofolate is leukovorin (citrovorum factor) while N(10)-formyltetrahydrofolate is an active coenzyme which functions as a carrier of the formyl group in a number of enzymatic reactions.
  
• Forneau 933 [M0373151]
  
• Forskolin [M0008777]
  Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant Coleus forskohlii. Has antihypertensive, positive ionotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland.
  
• Fortaz [M0351087]
  
• Fortral [M0016181]
  
• Fortrigo [M0351479]
  
• Fortum [M0003730]
  
• Fotexina [M0477380]
  
• Foy [M0025402]
  
• FPL-59002 [M0353992]
  
• FPL-670 [M0353584]
  
• FR-13749 [M0023552]
  
• FR-17027 [M0333872]
  
• FR-900506 [M0335295]
  
• Frenopect [M0452179]
  
• Freons [M0008839]
  
• Fresofol [M0476033]
  
• Froben [M0478663]
  
• Ftorotan [M0351862]
  
• Fugerel [M0482802]
  
• Fuklasin [M0023143]
  
• Ful-Glo [M0478618]
  
• Fulvicin-U-F [M0373012]
  
• Fumarates [M0008880]
  
• Fumonisins [M0412511]
  A group of MYCOTOXINS found in CORN contaminated with FUSARIUM fungus. They are chains of about 20 carbons with acidic ester, acetylamino and sometimes other substituents. They inhibit ceramide synthetase conversion of SPHINGOLIPIDS to CERAMIDES.
  
• Fundazol [M0002313]
  
• Funduscein [M0350972]
  
• Fungata [M0478565]
  
• Fungicidin [M0015151]
  
• Fungizone [M0352004]
  
• Fura-2 [M0024836]
  A fluorescent calcium chelating agent which is used to study intracellular calcium in many tissues. The fluorescent and chelating properties of Fura-2 aid in the quantitation of endothelial cell injury, in monitoring ATP-dependent calcium uptake by membrane vesicles, and in the determination of the relationship between cytoplasmic free calcium and oxidase activation in rat neutrophils.
  
• Furacilin [M0352072]
  
• Furacin [M0352071]
  
• Furadan [M0351484]
  
• Furadantine [M0014894]
  
• Furadoine [M0352070]
  
• Furadonine [M0352069]
  
• Furagin [M0008895]
  Nitrofuran derivative anti-infective agent used for urinary tract infections.
  
• Furaldehyde [M0008897]
  
• Furans [M0008898]
  Compounds with a 5-membered ring of four carbons and an oxygen. They are aromatic heterocycles. The reduced form is tetrahydrofuran.
  
• Furanthril [M0350915]
  
• Furantoin [M0352068]
  
• Furantral [M0350914]
  
• Furazidin [M0352061]
  
• Furazol [M0352063]
  
• Furazolidone [M0008899]
  A nitrofuran derivative with antiprotozoal and antibacterial activity. Furazolidone acts by gradual inhibition of monoamine oxidase. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p514)
  
• Furocoumarins [M0017972]
  The most prominent linear type of furocoumarin is PSORALEN. An example of the angular type of furocoumarin is angelicin. In plants, they derive from mevalonic acid addition to umbelliferone and subsequent cyclization.
  
• Furosemide [M0008900]
  A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.
  
• Furosemide Monohydrochloride [M0330298]
  
• Furosemide Monosodium Salt [M0330297]
  
• Furoxone [M0352062]
  
• Fursultiamin [M0008902]
  Compound used for therapy of thiamine deficiency. It has also been suggested for several non-deficiency disorders but has not yet proven useful.
  
• Fursultiamin Hydrochloride [M0330299]
  
• Fursultiamin Monohydrochloride [M0330300]
  
• Furylfuramide [M0008905]
  Used formerly as antimicrobial food additive. It causes mutations in many cell cultures and may be carcinogenic.
  
• Fusaric Acid [M0008907]
  A picolinic acid derivative isolated from various Fusarium species. It has been proposed for a variety of therapeutic applications but is primarily used as a research tool. Its mechanisms of action are poorly understood. It probably inhibits DOPAMINE BETA-HYDROXYLASE, the enzyme that converts dopamine to norepinephrine. It may also have other actions, including the inhibition of cell proliferation and DNA synthesis.
  
• Fusid [M0350913]
  
• Fustermizol [M0434790]
  
• G-30,320 [M0354094]
  
• G-Wizz [M0467627]
  
• Gabacet [M0474900]
  
• Gabexate [M0025401]
  A serine proteinase inhibitor used therapeutically in the treatment of pancreatitis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and as a regional anticoagulant for hemodialysis. The drug inhibits the hydrolytic effects of thrombin, plasmin, and kallikrein, but not of chymotrypsin and aprotinin.
  
• Gabexate Methanesulfonate [M0329387]
  
• Gabexate Monomethanesulfonate [M0329389]
  
• Gabexate Monomethanesulfonate, 14C-Labeled Cpd [M0329388]
  
• Gabunat [M0460659]
  
• Gadolinium DTPA [M0029353]
  A complex of gadolinium with a chelating agent, diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA see PENTETIC ACID), that is given to enhance the image in cranial and spinal MRIs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p706)
  
• Gadolinium DTPA Disodium Salt [M0329086]
  
• Gadopentetate Dimeglumine [M0329085]
  
• Galactolipids [M0060410]
  A group of GLYCOLIPIDS in which the sugar group is GALACTOSE. They are distinguished from GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS in lacking nitrogen. They constitute the majority of MEMBRANE LIPIDS in PLANTS.
  
• Galantamine [M0008951]
  A benzazepine derived from norbelladine. It is found in GALANTHUS and other AMARYLLIDACEAE. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor that has been used to reverse the muscular effects of GALLAMINE TRIETHIODIDE and TUBOCURARINE and has been studied as a treatment for ALZHEIMER DISEASE and other central nervous system disorders.
  
• Galanthamine Hydrobromide [M0330309]
  
• Gallamine [M0008953]
  
• Gallamine Triethiodide [M0008954]
  A synthetic nondepolarizing blocking drug. The actions of gallamine triethiodide are similar to those of TUBOCURARINE, but this agent blocks the cardiac vagus and may cause sinus tachycardia and, occasionally, hypertension and increased cardiac output. It should be used cautiously in patients at risk from increased heart rate but may be preferred for patients with bradycardia. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p198)
  
• Gallamine Triethochloride [M0008955]
  
• Gallic Acid [M0008960]
  A colorless or slightly yellow crystalline compound obtained from nutgalls. It is used in photography, pharmaceuticals, and as an analytical reagent.
  
• Gallium EDTA [M0007069]
  
• Gallobeta [M0482976]
  
• Gallopamil [M0008964]
  Coronary vasodilator that is an analog of iproveratril (VERAPAMIL) with one more methoxy group on the benzene ring.
  
• Gallopamil Hydrochloride [M0482974]
  
• gallopamil von ct [M0482977]
  
• Gallotannins [M0457292]
  
• Galusan [M0474778]
  
• Galzin [M0351389]
  
• Gamadiabet [M0431672]
  
• Gamanil [M0354016]
  
• Gamma-666 [M0351874]
  
• gamma-Hydroxybutyrate [M0020114]
  
• gamma-Lumicolchicine [M0012731]
  
• Gamma-OH [M0475566]
  
• Gammexane [M0351872]
  
• Gantanol [M0392795]
  
• Gantrisin [M0350934]
  
• Gardenal [M0016516]
  
• Gargilon [M0485014]
  
• Gascop [M0431899]
  
• Gasparol [M0352569]
  
• Gastrocure [M0492502]
  
• Gastrograffin [M0352441]
  
• Gastromiro [M0353502]
  
• Gastrotrast [M0373166]
  
• Gastrotsepin [M0475053]
  
• Gastrozepin [M0016895]
  
• Gastrozepin Brand of Vinblastine Sulfate [M0476539]
  
• Gebauer's Ethyl Chloride [M0477826]
  
• Gelopol [M0452181]
  
• Gemiton [M0004612]
  
• Gen-Amantadine [M0432298]
  
• Gen-Bromazepam [M0477487]
  
• Gen-Buspirone [M0465824]
  
• Gen-Fenofibrate [M0478155]
  
• Gen-Gliclazide [M0483098]
  
• Gen-Nortriptyline [M0464775]
  
• Gen-Sertraline [M0475547]
  
• Gen-Temazepam [M0476079]
  
• Gen-Trazodone [M0476872]
  
• Gen-Triazolam [M0476883]
  
• Gen-Warfarin [M0476571]
  
• Genaspor [M0476663]
  
• Genistein [M0029441]
  An isoflavonoid derived from soy products. It inhibits PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE and topoisomerase-II (DNA TOPOISOMERASES, TYPE II); activity and is used as an antineoplastic and antitumor agent. Experimentally, it has been shown to induce G2 phase arrest in human and murine cell lines.
  
• GenRX Moclobemide [M0474405]
  
• Gentiaanviolet FNA [M0474260]
  
• Gentian Violet [M0009174]
  A dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties.
  
• Gentisates [M0009175]
  Salts and esters of gentisic acid.
  
• Geomycin [M0350820]
  
• Geon [M0351811]
  
• Geopen [M0354301]
  
• Geram [M0474902]
  
• Gericin [M0463339]
  
• Geridium [M0474754]
  
• Geriocaine [M0017612]
  
• Germanin [M0020854]
  
• Germex [M0002325]
  
• Germine Acetates [M0009209]
  Germine derivatives acetylated on any one or more of the hydroxy groups. These compounds are present in many polyester alkaloids which occur in Veratrum and Zygadenus species. They are used as antihypertensive agents, and in some cases, exhibit curare-like activity.
  
• Germine-3-monoacetate [M0009210]
  
• Gerokit [M0017613]
  
• Geroxalen [M0474230]
  
• Gesaguard 50 [M0017721]
  
• Gesamprim [M0353435]
  
• Getroxel [M0351478]
  
• G�vatran [M0462783]
  
• GG 167 [M0217192]
  
• Gibberellins [M0009226]
  A class of plant growth hormone isolated from cultures of Gibberella fujikuroi, a fungus causing Bakanae disease in rice. There are many different members of the family as well as mixtures of multiple members; all are diterpenoid acids based on the gibberellane skeleton.
  
• Giemsa Stain [M0002093]
  
• Giemsa-11 [M0002094]
  
• Gilurtymal [M0354272]
  
• Gilustenon [M0009432]
  
• Gineflavir [M0013701]
  
• Ginipral [M0351215]
  
• Ginkgolides [M0455967]
  DITERPENES with three LACTONES and a unique tert-butyl group, which are found in GINKGO plants along with BILOBALIDES.
  
• Gladem [M0475548]
  
• Glafenine [M0009256]
  An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic properties used for the relief of all types of pain.
  
• Glaucarubin [M0009259]
  (1 beta,2 alpha,11 beta,12 alpha,15 beta(S))-11,20-Epoxy-1,2,11,12-tetrahydroxy-15-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-oxobutoxy)picras-3-en-16-one. A quassinoid (Simaroubolide) from Simaruba glauca, a tropical shrub. It has been used as an antiamebic agent and is found to be cytotoxic. It may be of use in cancer chemotherapy.
  
• Glauconide [M0477658]
  
• Glauconox [M0431651]
  
• Glaupax [M0431652]
  
• Glianimon [M0459375]
  
• Gliclazide [M0009266]
  An oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent which stimulates insulin secretion.
  
• Glipizide [M0009278]
  An oral hypoglycemic agent which is rapidly absorbed and completely metabolized.
  
• Gliporal [M0465162]
  
• Glucal [M0351614]
  
• Glucamide [M0352366]
  
• Glucaric Acid [M0009320]
  A sugar acid derived from D-glucose in which both the aldehydic carbon atom and the carbon atom bearing the primary hydroxyl group are oxidized to carboxylic acid groups.
  
• Glucidoral [M0477274]
  
• Glucobiogen [M0351613]
  
• Gluconate de Calcium Lavoisier [M0467170]
  
• Gluconato Calc Fresenius [M0467171]
  
• Glucophage [M0013536]
  
• Glucotrol [M0352371]
  
• Gludesin [M0350825]
  
• Glupitel [M0483104]
  
• Glutaral [M0009386]
  One of the protein CROSS-LINKING REAGENTS that is used as a disinfectant for sterilization of heat-sensitive equipment and as a laboratory reagent, especially as a fixative.
  
• Glutarates [M0009387]
  
• Glutarol [M0483114]
  
• Glutethimide [M0009406]
  A hypnotic and sedative. Its use has been largely superseded by other drugs.
  
• Glyade [M0483099]
  
• Glyburide [M0009265]
  An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions similar to those of chlorpropamide.
  
• Glyceric Acids [M0009413]
  
• Glyceryl Ethers [M0009424]
  Compounds in which one or more of the three hydroxyl groups of glycerol are in ethereal linkage with a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic alcohol; one or two of the hydroxyl groups of glycerol may be esterified. These compounds have been found in various animal tissue.
  
• Glycine Theophyllinate [M0021286]
  
• Glycolates [M0009477]
  
• Glycols [M0009479]
  A generic grouping for dihydric alcohols with the hydroxy groups (-OH) located on different carbon atoms. They are viscous liquids with high boiling points for their molecular weights.
  
• Glycopyrrolate [M0009495]
  A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic, in some disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, and to reduce salivation with some anesthetics.
  
• Glycosylation End Products, Advanced [M0026021]
  Products derived from the nonenzymatic reaction of glucose and proteins in vivo that exhibit a yellow-brown pigmentation and an ability to participate in protein-protein cross-linking. These substances are involved in biological processes relating to protein turnover and it is believed that their excessive accumulation contributes to the chronic complications of diabetes mellitus.
  
• Glycyrrhetinic Acid [M0009508]
  An oleanolic acid from GLYCYRRHIZA that has some antiallergic, antibacterial, and antiviral properties. It is used topically for allergic or infectious skin inflammation and orally for its aldosterone effects in electrolyte regulation.
  
• Glycyrrhizic Acid [M0029245]
  A widely used anti-inflammatory agent isolated from the licorice root. It is metabolized to glycyrrhetic acid, which inhibits 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and other enzymes involved in the metabolism of corticosteroids. Therefore, glycyrrhizic acid, which is the main and sweet component of licorice, has been investigated for its ability to cause hypermineralocorticoidism with sodium retention and potassium loss, edema, increased blood pressure, as well as depression of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
  
• Glyoxal [M0009511]
  
• Glyoxylates [M0009512]
  
• Glyzophrol [M0350679]
  
• Go-1261 [M0021532]
  
• Godafilin [M0432712]
  
• Gold Disodium Thiomalate, Monohydrate [M0330219]
  
• Gold Sodium Thiomalate [M0009527]
  A variable mixture of the mono- and disodium salts of gold thiomalic acid used mainly for its anti-inflammatory action in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It is most effective in active progressive rheumatoid arthritis and of little or no value in the presence of extensive deformities or in the treatment of other forms of arthritis.
  
• Gold Thiomalate [M0009529]
  
• Gold Thiomalic Acid [M0330220]
  
• Gold-50 [M0440881]
  
• Gonal F [M0253941]
  
• GORE-TEX [M0017263]
  
• Gossypol [M0009556]
  A dimeric sesquiterpene found in cottonseed (GOSSYPIUM). The (-) isomer is active as a male contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS, MALE) whereas toxic symptoms are associated with the (+) isomer.
  
• Gossypol Dipotassium Salt [M0330222]
  
• Gossypol Sodium Salt [M0330224]
  
• Gossypol, (+)-Isomer [M0330223]
  
• Gossypol, (+-)-Isomer [M0330225]
  
• Gossypol, (-)-Isomer [M0330226]
  
• Goxal [M0442746]
  
• GP-121 [M0016496]
  
• GP-45,840 [M0006290]
  
• GR-20263 [M0351086]
  
• GR-43175 [M0350935]
  
• GR38032F [M0026255]
  
• Gramaxin [M0351012]
  
• Gramoxone [M0015916]
  
• Gramurin [M0353995]
  
• Granisetron [M0026935]
  A serotonin receptor (5HT-3 selective) antagonist that has been used as an antiemetic for cancer chemotherapy patients.
  
• Granisetron Hydrochloride [M0329234]
  
• Granosan [M0352114]
  
• Gravol [M0485144]
  
• Gravosan [M0004589]
  
• Grifulvin V [M0373011]
  
• Gris-PEG [M0373010]
  
• Grisactin [M0373009]
  
• Grisefuline [M0373008]
  
• Griseofulvin [M0009641]
  An antifungal antibiotic. Griseofulvin may be given by mouth in the treatment of tinea infections.
  
• Grisetin [M0482803]
  
• GS 4071 [M0282078]
  The acid form.
  
• GS 4104 [M0271579]
  The acetate prodrug of GS 4071.
  
• Guaiac [M0009667]
  Resin from wood of certain species of GUAIACUM. It is used as clinical reagent for occult blood.
  
• Guaiacol [M0009668]
  An agent thought to have disinfectant properties and used as an expectorant. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p747)
  
• Guaifenesin [M0009669]
  An expectorant that also has some muscle relaxing action. It is used in many cough preparations.
  
• Guanabenz [M0009672]
  An alpha-2 selective adrenergic agonist used as an antihypertensive agent.
  
• Guanabenz Acetate [M0330233]
  
• Guanazole [M0009674]
  A cytostatic triazole derivative which is not to be confused with guanazolo, the generic name for 8-azaguanine.
  
• Guanethidine [M0009675]
  An antihypertensive agent that acts by inhibiting selectively transmission in post-ganglionic adrenergic nerves. It is believed to act mainly by preventing the release of norepinephrine at nerve endings and causes depletion of norepinephrine in peripheral sympathetic nerve terminals as well as in tissues.
  
• Guanethidine Monosulfate [M0330236]
  
• Guanethidine Sulfate [M0350959]
  
• Guanethidine Sulfate (1:2) [M0330234]
  
• Guanethidine Sulfate (2:1), 14C-Labeled [M0330237]
  
• Guanfacine [M0024935]
  A centrally acting antihypertensive agent. The drug lowers both systolic and diastolic blood pressure by activating the central nervous system alpha-2 adrenoreceptors, which results in reduced sympathetic outflow leading to reduced vascular tone. Its adverse reactions include dry mouth, sedation, and constipation.
  
• Guanfacine Hydrochloride [M0350963]
  
• Guanidine [M0029365]
  A strong organic base existing primarily as guanidium ions at physiological pH. It is found in the urine as a normal product of protein metabolism. It is also used in laboratory research as a protein denaturant. (From Martindale, the Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed and Merck Index, 12th ed) It is also used in the treatment of myasthenia and as a fluorescent probe in HPLC.
  
• Guanidine Hydrochloride [M0329107]
  
• Guanidine Monohydrate [M0329110]
  
• Guanidine Monohydrobromide [M0329106]
  
• Guanidine Monohydroiodine [M0329105]
  
• Guanidine Nitrate [M0329108]
  
• Guanidine Phosphate [M0329104]
  
• Guanidine Sulfate [M0329103]
  
• Guanidine Sulfate (1:1) [M0329111]
  
• Guanidine Sulfate (2:1) [M0329109]
  
• Guanidine Sulfite (1:1) [M0329112]
  
• Guanidines [M0009678]
  A family of iminourea derivatives. The parent compound has been isolated from mushrooms, corn germ, rice hulls, mussels, earthworms, and turnip juice. Derivatives may have antiviral and antifungal properties.
  
• Guanylthiourea [M0009702]
  May protect against hypoxic damage; proposed for treatment of shock due to trauma or blood loss; also stimulates paretic gastrointestinal system.
  
• Guastil [M0475981]
  
• Guiatuss [M0352309]
  
• Gurgell�sung-ratiopharm [M0485013]
  
• Gutron [M0350526]
  
• Gynergen [M0354243]
  
• Gyno-Pervaryl 150 [M0006993]
  
• Gyno-Pevaryl [M0006991]
  
• H 154-82 [M0373899]
  
• H 168-68 [M0353568]
  
• H 93-26 [M0350810]
  
• H-102-09 [M0023129]
  
• H-133-22 [M0350578]
  
• H-56-28 [M0372958]
  
• H-80-62 [M0017536]
  
• Hachemina [M0458852]
  
• Haematoporphyrin IX [M0010059]
  
• Halamid [M0476696]
  
• Halcion [M0353522]
  
• Haldol [M0009772]
  
• Halidor [M0351944]
  
• Halofenate [M0009769]
  An antihyperlipoproteinemic agent and uricosuric agent.
  
• Haloperidol [M0009771]
  A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in MENTAL RETARDATION and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279)
  
• Halospor [M0023574]
  
• Halothane [M0009773]
  A nonflammable, halogenated, hydrocarbon anesthetic that provides relatively rapid induction with little or no excitement. Analgesia may not be adequate. NITROUS OXIDE is often given concomitantly. Because halothane may not produce sufficient muscle relaxation, supplemental neuromuscular blocking agents may be required. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p178)
  
• Hamarin [M0451758]
  
• Hansolar [M0352360]
  
• Harmaline [M0009804]
  A beta-carboline alkaloid isolated from seeds of PEGANUM.
  
• Harmine [M0009805]
  Alkaloid isolated from seeds of Peganum harmala L., Zygophyllaceae. It is identical to banisterine, or telepathine, from Banisteria caapi and is one of the active ingredients of hallucinogenic drinks made in the western Amazon region from related plants. It has no therapeutic use, but (as banisterine) was hailed as a cure for postencephalitic Parkinson disease in the 1920's.
  
• Harringtonines [M0009806]
  Tetracyclic spiro-BENZAZEPINES isolated from the seeds of CEPHALOTAXUS. They are esters of the alkaloid cephalotaxine and may be effective as antineoplastic agents.
  
• HB-419 [M0352376]
  
• HB-420 [M0352375]
  
• Healthsense Moclobemide [M0474406]
  
• Helfergin [M0474746]
  
• Hematin [M0010078]
  
• Hematoidin [M0002497]
  
• Hematoporphyrin [M0010060]
  
• Hematoporphyrin Derivative [M0026309]
  A complex mixture of monomeric and aggregated porphyrins used in the photodynamic therapy of tumors (HEMATOPORPHYRIN PHOTORADIATION). A purified component of this mixture is known as DIHEMATOPORPHYRIN ETHER.
  
• Hematoporphyrins [M0010061]
  Iron-free derivatives of heme with 4 methyl groups, 2 hydroxyethyl groups and 2 propionic acid groups attached to the pyrrole rings. Some of these PHOTOSENSITIZING AGENTS are used in the PHOTOTHERAPY of malignant NEOPLASMS.
  
• Hematoxylin [M0010064]
  A dye obtained from the heartwood of logwood (Haematoxylon campechianum Linn., Leguminosae) used as a stain in microscopy and in the manufacture of ink.
  
• Hematran [M0477641]
  
• Heme [M0010066]
  The color-furnishing portion of hemoglobin. It is found free in tissues and as the prosthetic group in many hemeproteins.
  
• Hemedonin [M0010062]
  
• Hemicholinium 3 [M0010073]
  A potent inhibitor of the high affinity uptake system for CHOLINE. It has less effect on the low affinity uptake system. Since choline is one of the components of ACETYLCHOLINE, treatment with hemicholinium can deplete acetylcholine from cholinergic terminals. Hemicholinium 3 is commonly used as a research tool in animal and in vitro experiments.
  
• Hemin [M0010079]
  Chloro(7,12-diethenyl-3,8,13,17-tetramethyl-21H,23H-porphine-2,18-dipropanoato(4-)-N(21),N(22),N(23),N(24)) ferrate(2-) dihydrogen.
  
• Hemiterpenes [M0449318]
  The five-carbon building blocks of TERPENES that derive from MEVALONIC ACID or deoxyxylulose phosphate.
  
• Hemiton [M0004611]
  
• Hemo 141 [M0477793]
  
• Hepastyl [M0460093]
  
• Hepatolite [M0351986]
  
• HEPES [M0010239]
  A dipolar ionic buffer.
  
• HEPES Monosodium Salt [M0330240]
  
• Heporal [M0351790]
  
• Heptachlor [M0010240]
  A man-made compound previously used to control termites and other insects. Even though production of heptachlor was phased out of use in the United States during the late 1980's it remains in soil and hazardous waste sites. It is clearly toxic to animals and humans but, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has determined that heptachlor is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. (From ATSDR Public Heath Statement, April 1989)
  
• Heptachlor Epoxide [M0010241]
  An oxidation product of HEPTACHLOR formed by many plants and animals, including humans, after exposure to HEPTACHLOR. It has been shown to remain in soil treated with HEPTACHLOR for over fifteen years and is toxic to animals and humans. (From ATSDR Public Heath Statement, April 1989)
  
• Heptaminol [M0010242]
  An amino alcohol that has been used as a myocardial stimulant and vasodilator and to relieve bronchospasm. Its most common therapeutic use is in orthostatic hypotension. The mechanism of heptaminol's therapeutic actions is not well understood although it has been suggested to affect catecholamine release or calcium metabolism.
  
• Heptaminol Hydrochloride [M0330241]
  
• Heptanes [M0010243]
  Seven-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives.
  
• Herbazin-50 [M0353436]
  
• Heroin [M0006166]
  A narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is a controlled substance (opium derivative) listed in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21 Parts 329.1, 1308.11 (1987). Sale is forbidden in the United States by Federal statute. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Heroin Hydrochloride [M0330523]
  
• Herpecin-L [M0431994]
  
• Hesperidin [M0010288]
  A flavanone glycoside found in CITRUS fruit peels.
  
• Heterocyclic Compounds [M0010290]
  Ring compounds having atoms other than carbon in their nuclei. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
  
• Heterocyclic Compounds with 4 or More Rings [M0010295]
  A class of organic compounds containing four or more ring structures, one of which is made up of more than one kind of atom, usually carbon plus another atom. The heterocycle may be either aromatic or nonaromatic.
  
• Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring [M0010292]
  A class of organic compounds containing a ring structure made up of more than one kind of atom, usually carbon plus another atom. The ring structure can be aromatic or nonaromatic.
  
• Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring [M0010293]
  A class of organic compounds containing two ring structures, one of which is made up of more than one kind of atom, usually carbon plus another atom. The heterocycle may be either aromatic or nonaromatic.
  
• Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring [M0010294]
  A class of organic compounds containing three ring structures, one of which is made up of more than one kind of atom, usually carbon plus another atom. The heterocycle may be either aromatic or nonaromatic
  
• Heterocyclic Compounds, Bridged-Ring [M0010291]
  A class of organic compounds which contain two rings that share a pair of bridgehead carbon atoms.
  
• Heterocyclic Oxides [M0010296]
  Oxides of a ring compound having atoms other than carbon in its ring.
  
• Hetrazan [M0351489]
  
• Hewedolor-Procain [M0475888]
  
• Hexabrix [M0351942]
  
• Hexachlorobenzene [M0010305]
  An agricultural fungicide and seed treatment agent.
  
• Hexachlorophene [M0010306]
  A chlorinated bisphenol antiseptic with a bacteriostatic action against Gram-positive organisms, but much less effective against Gram-negative organisms. It is mainly used in soaps and creams and is an ingredient of various preparations used for skin disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797)
  
• Hexadimethrine [M0010307]
  A synthetic polymer which agglutinates red blood cells. It is used as a heparin antagonist.
  
• Hexadrin [M0392706]
  
• Hexalen [M0432189]
  
• Hexamethonium [M0028070]
  A nicotinic cholinergic antagonist often referred to as the prototypical ganglionic blocker. It is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and does not cross the blood-brain barrier. It has been used for a variety of therapeutic purposes including hypertension but, like the other ganglionic blockers, it has been replaced by more specific drugs for most purposes, although it is widely used a research tool.
  
• Hexamethonium Bitartrate [M0329165]
  
• Hexamethonium Bromide [M0028071]
  
• Hexamethonium Chloride [M0028072]
  
• Hexamethonium Compounds [M0010309]
  Compounds containing the hexamethylenebis(trimethylammonium) cation. Members of this group frequently act as antihypertensive agents and selective ganglionic blocking agents.
  
• Hexamethonium Dibromide [M0329167]
  
• Hexamethonium Dibromide Dihydrate [M0329166]
  
• Hexamethonium Dichloride Dihydrate [M0329164]
  
• Hexamethonium Dihydroxide [M0329168]
  
• Hexamethonium Diiodide [M0329173]
  
• Hexamethonium Dimethylsulfate [M0329169]
  
• Hexamethonium Diperchlorate [M0329171]
  
• Hexamethonium Iodide [M0028073]
  
• Hexamethonium Monotartrate [M0329172]
  
• Hexamine Silver [M0013567]
  
• Hexanes [M0010311]
  Six-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives. Various polyneuropathies are caused by hexane poisoning.
  
• Hexanones [M0010317]
  6-carbon straight-chain or branched ketones.
  
• Hexastat [M0432190]
  
• Hexenal [M0373018]
  
• Hexestrol [M0010318]
  A synthetic estrogen that has been used as a hormonal antineoplastic agent.
  
• Hexestrol, (R*,R*)-(+-)-Isomer [M0330244]
  
• Hexestrol, (R*,S*)-Isomer [M0330245]
  
• Hexestrol, (R-(R*,R*))-Isomer [M0330243]
  
• Hexestrol, (S-(R*,R*))-Isomer [M0330242]
  
• Hexetidine [M0010320]
  A bactericidal and fungicidal antiseptic. It is used as a 0.1% mouthwash for local infections and oral hygiene. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797)
  
• Hexinawas [M0432191]
  
• Hexobarbital [M0010321]
  A barbiturate that is effective as a hypnotic and sedative.
  
• Hexobendine [M0010324]
  A potent vasoactive agent that dilates cerebral and coronary arteries, but slightly constricts femoral arteries, without any effects on heart rate, blood pressure or cardiac output.
  
• Hexoprenaline [M0010329]
  Stimulant of adrenergic beta 2 receptors. It is used as a bronchodilator, antiasthmatic agent, and tocolytic agent.
  
• Hexoprenaline Sulfate [M0351214]
  
• Hexuronic Acids [M0010340]
  Term used to designate tetrahydroxy aldehydic acids obtained by oxidation of hexose sugars, i.e. glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, etc. Historically, the name hexuronic acid was originally given to ascorbic acid.
  
• Hexylresorcinol [M0010341]
  A substituted dihydroxybenzene that is used topically as an antiseptic for the treatment of minor skin infections.
  
• High-Density Polyethylene [M0333841]
  
• Hippurates [M0010378]
  Salts and esters of hippuric acid.
  
• Hisfedin [M0476193]
  
• Hismanal [M0025304]
  
• Histacryl [M0351404]
  
• Histalog [M0002441]
  
• Histametizyn [M0013179]
  
• Histamine [M0010390]
  An amine derived by enzymatic decarboxylation of HISTIDINE. It is a powerful stimulant of gastric secretion, a constrictor of bronchial smooth muscle, a vasodilator, and also a centrally acting neurotransmitter.
  
• Histamine Dihydrochloride [M0010392]
  
• Histaminos [M0434791]
  
• Histapyridamine [M0369514]
  
• Histidinol [M0010402]
  The penultimate step in the pathway of histidine biosynthesis. Oxidation of the alcohol group on the side chain gives the acid group forming histidine. Histidinol has also been used as an inhibitor of protein synthesis.
  
• Histodil [M0350952]
  
• Hoe-280 [M0333651]
  
• Hoe-40045 [M0372315]
  
• HOE-498 [M0361649]
  
• Hoe-893d [M0016116]
  
• Hoe-984 [M0014948]
  
• Hoechst 33258 [M0353558]
  
• Homogentisic Acid [M0010517]
  
• Homoisoflavones [M0446760]
  
• Homovanillic Acid [M0010524]
  
• Hostacyclin [M0021219]
  
• Hostalen [M0337708]
  
• HR-756 [M0354281]
  
• HS-592 [M0004555]
  
• HSDB-3453 [M0373916]
  
• Hubermizol [M0434792]
  
• Huma-Zolamide [M0431654]
  
• Humibid [M0352308]
  
• Humic Acids [M0010655]
  A complex mixture of dark colored hetero-polymeric phenolic compounds found in HUMUS; COAL; and PEAT; resulting from the decomposition of organic matter, particularly dead plants. They are soluble in alkali and carbonates, only slightly soluble at physiological pH, and can chelate metals.
  
• Hurricaine [M0351619]
  
• Hustentabs-ratiopharm [M0465028]
  
• Hyamine 1622 [M0002340]
  
• Hybrin [M0001802]
  
• Hycamtin [M0352657]
  
• Hycanthone [M0010671]
  Potentially toxic, but effective antischistosomal agent, it is a metabolite of LUCANTHONE.
  
• Hycodan [M0450397]
  
• Hydantoins [M0010672]
  Compounds based on imidazolidine dione. Some derivatives are ANTICONVULSANTS.
  
• Hydantol [M0016585]
  
• Hydergine [M0007661]
  
• Hydiphen [M0004599]
  
• Hydralazine [M0010676]
  A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.
  
• Hydralazine Hydrochloride [M0010678]
  
• Hydralazine mono-Hydrochloride [M0330256]
  
• Hydramycin [M0006791]
  
• Hydrangin [M0022242]
  
• Hydrate [M0485143]
  
• Hydrazines [M0010683]
  
• Hydrazones [M0010684]
  Compounds of the general formula R:N.NR2, as resulting from the action of hydrazines with aldehydes or ketones. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
  
• Hydrea [M0010791]
  
• Hydrocarbons [M0010687]
  
• Hydrocarbons, Acyclic [M0010688]
  Organic compounds composed exclusively of carbon and hydrogen where no carbon atoms join to form a ring structure.
  
• Hydrocarbons, Alicyclic [M0010689]
  Organic compounds composed exclusively of carbon and hydrogen. Three or more carbon atoms are arranged in a cyclic structure and they possess aliphatic properties.
  
• Hydrocarbons, Aromatic [M0010690]
  Organic compounds containing carbon and hydrogen in the form of an unsaturated, usually hexagonal ring structure. The compounds can be single ring, or double, triple, or multiple fused rings.
  
• Hydrocarbons, Brominated [M0010691]
  
• Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated [M0010693]
  Hydrocarbon compounds with one or more of the hydrogens replaced by CHLORINE.
  
• Hydrocarbons, Cyclic [M0010694]
  Organic compounds composed exclusively of carbon and hydrogen forming a closed ring that may be either alicyclic or aromatic.
  
• Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated [M0010695]
  
• Hydrocarbons, Halogenated [M0010696]
  
• Hydrocarbons, Iodinated [M0010697]
  
• Hydrochlorothiazide [M0010703]
  A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It has been used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.
  
• Hydrocodeinonebitartrate [M0010706]
  
• Hydrocodone [M0010704]
  Narcotic analgesic related to CODEINE, but more potent and more addicting by weight. It is used also as cough suppressant.
  
• Hydrocodone Tartrate (1:1), Hydrate (2:5) [M0330257]
  
• Hydrocon [M0010705]
  
• HydroDIURIL [M0373033]
  
• Hydroflumethiazide [M0010713]
  A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p822)
  
• Hydrolyzable Tannins [M0457291]
  Polymeric derivatives of GALLIC ACID that are esters of a sugar.
  
• Hydromedin [M0351755]
  
• Hydromorphone [M0006409]
  An opioid analgesic made from MORPHINE and used mainly as an analgesic. It has a shorter duration of action than morphine.
  
• Hydromorphone Hydrochloride [M0352944]
  
• Hydroquinones [M0010734]
  
• Hydroxamic Acids [M0010739]
  A class of weak acids with the general formula R-CONHOH.
  
• Hydroxocobalamin [M0010744]
  Injectable form of VITAMIN B 12 that has been used therapeutically to treat VITAMIN B 12 DEFICIENCY.
  
• Hydroxy Acids [M0010745]
  Organic compounds containing both the hydroxyl and carboxyl radicals.
  
• Hydroxyacetylaminofluorene [M0010746]
  A N-hydroxylated derivative of 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE that has demonstrated carcinogenic action.
  
• Hydroxyamphetamine Hydrobromide [M0015730]
  
• Hydroxybenzoic Acids [M0010748]
  Benzoic acid substituted by one or more hydroxy groups in any position on the benzene ring.
  
• Hydroxybutyrates [M0010750]
  Salts and esters of hydroxybutyric acid.
  
• Hydroxychloroquine [M0010751]
  A chemotherapeutic agent that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites. Hydroxychloroquine appears to concentrate in food vacuoles of affected protozoa. It inhibits plasmodial heme polymerase. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p970)
  
• Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate [M0330264]
  
• Hydroxycodeinon [M0352931]
  
• Hydroxydopamine [M0010758]
  
• Hydroxydopamines [M0010757]
  Dopamines with a hydroxy group substituted in one or more positions.
  
• Hydroxyestrones [M0010760]
  Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other estrogens.
  
• Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid [M0010766]
  
• Hydroxylamines [M0010767]
  Organic compounds that contain the (-NH2OH) radical.
  
• Hydroxymercuribenzoates [M0010771]
  Hydroxylated benzoic acid derivatives that contain mercury. Some of these are used as sulfhydryl reagents in biochemical studies.
  
• Hydroxypropiophenone [M0010780]
  
• Hydroxyquinolines [M0010783]
  The 8-hydroxy derivatives inhibit various enzymes and their halogenated derivatives, though neurotoxic, are used as topical anti-infective agents, among other uses.
  
• Hydroxytryptamine [M0019684]
  
• Hydroxytryptophol [M0010789]
  5-Hydroxy-indole-3-ethanol.
  
• Hydroxyurea [M0010790]
  An antineoplastic agent that inhibits DNA synthesis through the inhibition of ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase.
  
• Hydroxyzine [M0010792]
  A histamine H1 receptor antagonist that is effective in the treatment of chronic urticaria, dermatitis, and histamine-mediated pruritus. Unlike its major metabolite CETIRIZINE, it does cause drowsiness. It is also effective as an antiemetic, for relief of anxiety and tension, and as a sedative.
  
• Hydroxyzine Dihydrochloride [M0331417]
  
• Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride [M0010795]
  
• Hydroxyzine Pamoate [M0331416]
  
• Hygroton [M0004216]
  
• Hymecromone [M0010801]
  A coumarin derivative possessing properties as a spasmolytic, choleretic and light-protective agent. It is also used in analytical chemistry for the determination of nitric acid.
  
• Hypaque [M0351681]
  
• Hypaque 50 [M0006222]
  
• Hyperstat [M0006243]
  
• Hypnomidate [M0007929]
  
• Hypoglycins [M0010904]
  Methylene cyclopropyl alanine and congeners isolated from the unripe edible fruit of the AKEE plant (BLIGHIA SAPIDA). Hypoglycin B is the gamma-glutamyl congener of hypoglycin A. They are very toxic and teratogenic, causing a syndrome called Jamaican vomiting sickness that includes a fall in blood glucose due to the interference of FATTY ACIDS and LEUCINE metabolism which leads to VOMITING, liver damage, CONVULSIONS and DEATH.
  
• Hypothiazide [M0373032]
  
• Hypoxanthine [M0028700]
  A purine and a reaction intermediate in the metabolism of adenosine and in the formation of nucleic acids by the salvage pathway.
  
• Hypoxanthines [M0010953]
  Purine bases related to hypoxanthine, an intermediate product of uric acid synthesis and a breakdown product of adenine catabolism.
  
• Hysteps [M0016517]
  
• Hytuss [M0352307]
  
• Ibogaine [M0010963]
  One of several indole alkaloids extracted from Tabernanthe iboga, Baill. It has a complex pharmacological profile, and interacts with multiple systems of neurotransmission. Ibogaine has psychoactive properties and appears to modulate tolerance to opiates.
  
• Ibotenic Acid [M0010964]
  A neurotoxic isoxazole (similar to KAINIC ACID and MUSCIMOL) found in AMANITA mushrooms. It causes motor depression, ataxia, and changes in mood, perceptions and feelings, and is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist.
  
• Ibumetin [M0010971]
  
• Ibuprofen [M0010965]
  A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic properties used in the therapy of rheumatism and arthritis.
  
• Ibuprofen I.V. Solution [M0010967]
  
• Ibuprofen, (+-)-Isomer [M0330152]
  
• Ibuprofen, (R)-Isomer [M0330151]
  
• Ibuprofen, (S)-Isomer [M0330150]
  
• Ibuprofen, Aluminum Salt [M0330155]
  
• Ibuprofen, Calcium Salt [M0330153]
  
• Ibuprofen, Copper (2+) Salt [M0330156]
  
• Ibuprofen, Magnesium Salt [M0330154]
  
• Ibuprofen, Potassium Salt [M0330158]
  
• Ibuprofen, Sodium Salt [M0330149]
  
• Ibuprofen, Zinc Salt [M0330157]
  
• Ibuprofen-Zinc [M0010966]
  
• Icar [M0477642]
  
• Icavex [M0474461]
  
• Icht-Oral [M0474866]
  
• ICI-118587 [M0350803]
  
• ICI-156834 [M0023581]
  
• ICI-33,828 [M0352394]
  
• ICI-35,868 [M0352337]
  
• ICI-46474 [M0021026]
  
• ICI-47699 [M0021027]
  
• ICI-50172 [M0350576]
  
• ICI-55695 [M0351462]
  
• ICI-58,834 [M0022669]
  
• ICI-66082 [M0350539]
  
• ICI-69653 [M0351965]
  
• ICRF-159 [M0363546]
  
• ICRF-186 [M0018536]
  
• ICRF-187 [M0363573]
  
• Idalprem [M0464802]
  
• Idaptan [M0476913]
  
• Idarubicin [M0023493]
  An orally administered anthracycline antineoplastic. The compound has shown activity against breast cancer, lymphomas and leukemias, together with the potential for reduced cardiac toxicity.
  
• Idarubicin Hydrochloride [M0023495]
  
• Idazoxan [M0028778]
  An alpha(2)-adrenoceptor antagonist. It has been used experimentally to test the binding activity of other chemicals.
  
• Idril [M0462895]
  
• Ifa Norex [M0432373]
  
• Ikaran [M0485103]
  
• Ikorel [M0463084]
  
• IL-5902 [M0352032]
  
• Ildamen [M0015668]
  
• Ilosone [M0352018]
  
• Ilotycin [M0007719]
  
• Imadorm [M0476759]
  
• Imap [M0478674]
  
• imeson [M0476760]
  
• Imfergen [M0477644]
  
• Imferon [M0353691]
  
• IMI-28 [M0350665]
  
• IMI-30 [M0023494]
  
• Imidates [M0011053]
  
• Imidazoles [M0011048]
  Compounds containing 1,3-diazole, a five membered aromatic ring containing two nitrogen atoms separated by one of the carbons. Chemically reduced ones include IMIDAZOLINES and IMIDAZOLIDINES. Distinguish from 1,2-diazole (PYRAZOLES).
  
• Imidazolidines [M0461079]
  Compounds based on reduced IMIDAZOLINES which contain no double bonds in the ring.
  
• Imidazolines [M0461078]
  Compounds based on reduced IMIDAZOLES containing a single double bond.
  
• Imides [M0011049]
  
• Imidocarb [M0011050]
  One of ANTIPROTOZOAL AGENTS used especially against BABESIA in livestock. Toxicity has been reported.
  
• Imidocarb Hydrochloride [M0330159]
  
• Imidoesters [M0011052]
  Esters of the hypothetical imidic acids. They react with amines or amino acids to form amidines and are therefore used to modify protein structures and as cross-linking agents.
  
• Imigran [M0027394]
  
• Imines [M0011054]
  
• Imipenem [M0023689]
  Semisynthetic thienamycin that has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, including many multiresistant strains. It is stable to beta-lactamases. Clinical studies have demonstrated high efficacy in the treatment of infections of various body systems. Its effectiveness is enhanced when it is administered in combination with CILASTATIN, a renal dipeptidase inhibitor.
  
• Imipenem, Anhydrous [M0329530]
  
• Imipramine [M0011056]
  The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.
  
• Imipramine Hydrochloride [M0330160]
  
• Imodium [M0012695]
  
• Imperon [M0353690]
  
• Implast [M0353334]
  
• Imposil [M0353689]
  
• Impromidine [M0026470]
  A highly potent and specific histamine H2 receptor agonist. It has been used diagnostically as a gastric secretion indicator.
  
• Impromidine Hydrochloride [M0329223]
  
• Impromidine Oxalate (1:2) [M0329222]
  
• Imuran [M0002066]
  
• Imurel [M0002067]
  
• Imuthiol [M0353984]
  
• Inapsine [M0006808]
  
• Indanones [M0447798]
  Keto form of INDANS.
  
• Indans [M0011206]
  Aryl CYCLOPENTANES that are a reduced (protonated) form of INDENES.
  
• Indapamide [M0011207]
  A benzamide-sulfonamide-indole. It is called a thiazide-like diuretic but structure is different enough (lacking the thiazo-ring) so it is not clear that the mechanism is comparable.
  
• Indazoles [M0011208]
  
• Indenes [M0011209]
  A family of fused-ring hydrocarbons isolated from coal tar that act as intermediates in various chemical reactions and are used in the production of coumarone-indene resins.
  
• Inderal [M0017777]
  
• India Rubber [M0333569]
  
• Indigo Blue [M0011228]
  
• Indigotindisulfonate Sodium [M0011229]
  An indolesulfonic acid that is used as a dye in renal function testing and as a reagent for the detection of nitrates and chlorates and in the testing of milk.
  
• Indinavir [M0028961]
  A potent and specific HIV protease inhibitor that appears to have good oral bioavailability.
  
• Indinavir Sulfate [M0329078]
  
• Indium-DTPA [M0006867]
  
• Indocid [M0011242]
  
• Indocin [M0353731]
  
• Indocyanine Green [M0011235]
  A tricarbocyanine dye that is used diagnostically in liver function tests and to determine blood volume and cardiac output.
  
• Indoklon [M0351782]
  
• Indole Alkaloids [M0377033]
  Group of alkaloids containing a benzylpyrrole group (derived from TRYPTOPHAN)
  
• Indoleacetic Acids [M0011237]
  Acetic acid derivatives of the heterocyclic compound indole. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Indolequinones [M0448777]
  INDOLES which have two keto groups forming QUINONES like structures of the indole aromatic ring.
  
• Indoles [M0011238]
  
• Indolizines [M0011239]
  
• Indomet 140 [M0353733]
  
• Indomethacin [M0011240]
  A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase necessary for the formation of prostaglandins and other autacoids. It also inhibits the motility of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
  
• Indomethacin Hydrochloride [M0330169]
  
• Indophenol [M0011250]
  
• Indoprofen [M0011252]
  A drug that has analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Following reports of adverse reactions including reports of carcinogenicity in animal studies it was withdrawn from the market worldwide. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p21)
  
• Indoramin [M0011253]
  A hypotensive agent with some anti-arrhythmic effects.
  
• Induracin [M0014810]
  
• Infecto-Flu [M0432299]
  
• InfectoStaph [M0485046]
  
• InFed [M0477645]
  
• Infedipin [M0369476]
  
• Infex [M0432312]
  
• Inhibace [M0373297]
  
• Inimur [M0463095]
  
• Inocor [M0372292]
  
• Insidon [M0015336]
  
• Insogen [M0478303]
  
• Intal [M0006578]
  
• Intensain [M0004399]
  
• Intercordin [M0004400]
  
• Intropin [M0351191]
  
• Invirase [M0353771]
  
• Iobenguane (131I) [M0029375]
  
• Iodamide [M0011626]
  An ionic monomeric contrast medium. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p706)
  
• Iodamide Sodium [M0011627]
  
• Iodine-123-IMP [M0363210]
  
• Iodipamide [M0011648]
  A water-soluble radiographic contrast media for cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography.
  
• Iodoacetamide [M0011650]
  An alkylating sulfhydryl reagent. Its actions are similar to those of iodoacetate.
  
• Iodoacetate [M0011652]
  
• Iodoacetates [M0011651]
  Iodinated derivatives of acetic acid. Iodoacetates are commonly used as alkylating sulfhydryl reagents and enzyme inhibitors in biochemical research.
  
• Iodoacetic Acid [M0029399]
  Iodoacetic acid and its salts and derivatives. Iodoacetic acid reacts with cysteine (-SH) groups to form a carboxymethylated protein and is used as an enzyme inhibitor in biochemical research.
  
• Iodobenzenes [M0011654]
  
• Iodobenzoates [M0011655]
  Benzoic acid esters or salts substituted with one or more iodine atoms.
  
• Iodocyanopindolol [M0029860]
  A highly selective and specific beta antagonist that is used to characterize beta-adrenoceptors.
  
• Iodohippuric Acid [M0011662]
  An iodine-containing compound used in pyelography as a radiopaque medium. If labeled with radioiodine, it can be used for studies of renal function.
  
• Iodomiron [M0351684]
  
• Iodopyracet [M0011668]
  An ionic monomeric contrast medium that was formerly used for a variety of diagnostic procedures. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p706)
  
• Iodopyridones [M0011669]
  Iodinated pyridine derivatives that are often used as contrast media.
  
• Iodoquinol [M0006424]
  One of the halogenated 8-quinolinols widely used as an intestinal antiseptic, especially as an antiamebic agent. It is also used topically in other infections and may cause CNS and eye damage. It is known by very many similar trade names world-wide.
  
• Iodothalamate [M0011686]
  
• Iofetamine [M0030006]
  An amphetamine analog that is rapidly taken up by the lungs and from there redistributed primarily to the brain and liver. It is used in brain radionuclide scanning with I-123.
  
• Iofetamine Hydrochloride, I-123 [M0030007]
  
• Ioglunide [M0351854]
  
• Ioglycamic Acid [M0011671]
  A radiopaque medium. It is a mixture of its meglumine and sodium salts and is used to visualize the biliary tract.
  
• Ioglycamide [M0011672]
  
• Iohexol [M0011673]
  An effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality.
  
• Ionamine [M0016535]
  
• Ionol (BHT) [M0352316]
  A term used in Russian literature for BHT that has no relationship to IONONES.
  
• Ionones [M0449341]
  
• Iopagnost [M0351850]
  
• Iopamidol [M0011680]
  A non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiological procedures.
  
• Iopamidol, (+-)-Isomer [M0330178]
  
• Iopamidol, (R)-Isomer [M0330181]
  
• Iopamidol, Sodium Salt, (S)-Isomer [M0330180]
  
• Iopamiro [M0353501]
  
• Iopanoic Acid [M0011683]
  Radiopaque medium used as diagnostic aid.
  
• Iophendylate [M0011684]
  A mixture of isomers used as contrast medium, mainly for brain and spinal cord visualization.
  
• Iothalamate [M0011687]
  
• Iothalamate Meglumine [M0011685]
  A radiopaque medium used for urography, angiography, venography, and myelography. It is highly viscous and binds to plasma proteins.
  
• Iothalamic Acid [M0011688]
  A contrast medium in diagnostic radiology with properties similar to those of diatrizoic acid. It is used primarily as its sodium and meglumine (IOTHALAMATE MEGLUMINE) salts.
  
• Iothalamic Acid, Calcium (2:1) Salt [M0330183]
  
• Iothalamic Acid, Monosilver (1+) Salt [M0330185]
  
• Iothalamic Acid, Monosodium Salt, Dimer [M0330184]
  
• Ioxaglate [M0011691]
  
• Ioxaglate Meglumine [M0011694]
  
• Ioxaglate Sodium [M0011695]
  
• Ioxaglic Acid [M0011693]
  A low-osmolar, ionic contrast medium used in various radiographic procedures.
  
• Ioxaglic Acid, Calcium Salt (2:1) [M0330187]
  
• Ioxeol [M0350709]
  
• IP-82 [M0351733]
  
• Ipecac [M0011696]
  A syrup made from the dried rhizomes of two different species, CEPHAELIS ipecacuanha and C. acuminata. They contain EMETINE, cephaeline, psychotrine and other ISOQUINOLINES. Ipecac syrup is used widely as an emetic acting both locally on the gastric mucosa and centrally on the chemoreceptor trigger zone.
  
• Ipodate [M0011700]
  Ionic monomeric contrast media. Usually the sodium or calcium salts are used for examination of the gall bladder and biliary tract. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p704)
  
• Ipodate Sodium [M0011701]
  
• Ipradol [M0010330]
  
• Ipratropium [M0014399]
  A muscarinic antagonist structurally related to ATROPINE but often considered safer and more effective for inhalation use. It is used for various bronchial disorders, in rhinitis, and as an antiarrhythmic.
  
• Ipratropium Bromide [M0330049]
  
• Ipratropium Bromide, (endo,anti)-Isomer [M0330051]
  
• Ipratropium Bromide, (exo,syn)-Isomer [M0330052]
  
• Ipratropium Bromide, endo-Isomer [M0330050]
  
• Iprindole [M0011703]
  A tricyclic antidepressant that has actions and uses similar to those of AMITRIPTYLINE, but has only weak antimuscarinic and sedative effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p257)
  
• Iproniazid [M0011704]
  An irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase types A and B that is used as an antidepressive agent. It has also been used as an antitubercular agent, but its use is limited by its toxicity.
  
• Ipronidazole [M0011705]
  An antihistomonal agent with low toxicity. It also promotes growth and feed utilization in poultry.
  
• Irgasan DP 300 [M0021946]
  
• Iridoidglucosides [M0056189]
  
• Iridoids [M0419651]
  A type of MONOTERPENES, derived from geraniol. They have the general form of cyclopentanopyran, but in some cases, one of the rings is broken as in the case of secoiridoid. They are different from the similarly named iridals (TRITERPENES).
  
• Iron (2+) Oxalate (1:1) [M0329891]
  
• Iron (3+) Oxalate [M0329895]
  
• Iron Oxalate [M0329889]
  
• Iron-Dextran Complex [M0011724]
  A complex of ferric oxyhydroxide with dextrans of 5000 to 7000 daltons in a viscous solution containing 50 mg/ml of iron. It is supplied as a parenteral preparation and is used as a hematinic. (Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1292)
  
• Irones [M0482510]
  
• Isadrine [M0350516]
  
• Isatin [M0011733]
  An indole-dione that is obtained by oxidation of indigo blue. It is a MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITOR and high levels have been found in urine of PARKINSONISM patients.
  
• Isethionic Acid [M0011736]
  A colorless, syrupy, strongly acidic liquid that can form detergents with oleic acid.
  
• Isethionic Acid Monoammonium Salt [M0330190]
  
• Isethionic Acid Monopotassium Salt [M0330188]
  
• Isethionic Acid Monosodium Salt [M0330189]
  
• Ismelin [M0350958]
  
• Isoacitretin [M0026181]
  
• Isoamitil Sedante [M0433376]
  
• Isobarin [M0009676]
  
• Isobutanes [M0003088]
  
• Isocaine [M0473975]
  
• Isocarboxazid [M0011750]
  An MAO inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in the treatment of panic disorder and the phobic disorders. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311)
  
• Isocitrates [M0011754]
  
• Isocodeine [M0004702]
  
• Isocoumarins [M0471145]
  Compounds that differ from COUMARINS in having the positions of the ring and ketone oxygens reversed so the keto oxygen is at the 1-position of the molecule.
  
• Isocrin [M0473944]
  
• Isocyanates [M0027115]
  Organic compounds that contain the -NCO radical.
  
• Isodine [M0017408]
  
• Isodrin [M0000689]
  
• Isoephedrine [M0007540]
  
• Isoetharine [M0011760]
  Adrenergic beta-2 agonist used as bronchodilator for emphysema, bronchitis and asthma.
  
• Isoetharine Mesylate [M0011761]
  
• Isoetretin [M0026179]
  
• Isoflavones [M0011762]
  3-Phenylchromones. Isomeric form of FLAVONOIDS in which the benzene group is attached to the 3 position of the benzopyran ring instead of the 2 position.
  
• Isoflurane [M0011763]
  A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.
  
• Isogaine [M0473976]
  
• Isoglaucon [M0004610]
  
• Isoheptanes [M0010244]
  
• Isohexanes [M0010312]
  
• Isomeride [M0008330]
  
• Isonal [M0433377]
  
• Isonex [M0351799]
  
• Isoniazid [M0011772]
  Antibacterial agent used primarily as a tuberculostatic. It remains the treatment of choice for tuberculosis.
  
• Isonicotinic Acid [M0011774]
  
• Isonicotinic Acids [M0011775]
  Heterocyclic acids that are derivatives of 4-pyridinecarboxylic acid (isonicotinic acid).
  
• Isonipecotic Acids [M0011776]
  
• Isooctanes [M0015208]
  
• Isopaque [M0013691]
  
• Isopentanes [M0016173]
  
• Isopilocarpine [M0016857]
  
• Isoprenoids [M0449319]
  
• Isopromedol [M0017700]
  
• Isopromethazine [M0017704]
  
• Isoproterenol [M0011781]
  Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.
  
• Isoproterenol Hydrochloride [M0011782]
  
• Isoproterenol Sulfate [M0011783]
  
• Isopto Carbachol [M0467354]
  
• Isopto Cetamide [M0475860]
  
• Isopto Hyoscine [M0475513]
  
• Isoptocarpine [M0016858]
  
• Isoquinolines [M0011785]
  A group of compounds with the heterocyclic ring structure of benzo(c)pyridine. The ring structure is characteristic of the group of opium alkaloids such as papaverine. (From Stedman, 25th ed)
  
• Isothiocyanates [M0027011]
  Organic compounds with the general formula R-NCS.
  
• Isothiuronium [M0011802]
  An undecenyl THIOUREA which may have topical anti-inflammatory activity.
  
• Isotretinoin [M0023831]
  A topical dermatologic agent that is used in the treatment of acne vulgaris and several other skin diseases. The drug has teratogenic and other adverse effects.
  
• Isotretinoin Zinc Salt, 13-cis-Isomer [M0329538]
  
• Isovue [M0353500]
  
• Isovue 370 [M0011681]
  
• Isoxazoles [M0011807]
  Azoles with an OXYGEN and a NITROGEN next to each other at the 1,2 positions, in contrast to OXAZOLES that have nitrogens at the 1,3 positions.
  
• Isoxsuprine [M0011809]
  A beta-adrenergic agonist that causes direct relaxation of uterine and vascular smooth muscle. Its vasodilating actions are greater on the arteries supplying skeletal muscle than on those supplying skin. It is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and in premature labor.
  
• Isoxsuprine Hydrochloride [M0011810]
  
• Isradipine [M0026221]
  A potent antagonist of CALCIUM CHANNELS that is highly selective for vascular smooth muscle. It is effective in the treatment of chronic stable angina pectoris, hypertension, and congestive cardiac failure.
  
• Isradipine, (+-)-Isomer [M0329376]
  
• Isradipine, (R)-Isomer [M0329374]
  
• Isradipine, (S)-Isomer [M0329375]
  
• Isuprel [M0350515]
  
• Itraconazole [M0027131]
  One of the triazole ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS that inhibits cytochrome P-450-dependent enzymes resulting in impairment of ERGOSTEROL synthesis. It has been used against histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, cryptococcal meningitis & aspergillosis.
  
• Itrop [M0353022]
  
• Ivermectin [M0011815]
  A mixture of mostly avermectin H2B1a (RN 71827-03-7) with some avermectin H2B1b (RN 70209-81-3), which are macrolides from STREPTOMYCES avermitilis. It binds glutamate-gated chloride channel to cause increased permeability and hyperpolarization of nerve and muscle cells. It also interacts with other CHLORIDE CHANNELS. It is a broad spectrum antiparasitic that is active against microfilariae of ONCHOCERCA VOLVULUS but not the adult form.
  
• Ivofol [M0476034]
  
• Ivomec [M0331955]
  
• Ixecur [M0352391]
  Tradename for beta-Aminoethylisothiuronium Bromide
  
• Izadrin [M0350514]
  
• Izoptin [M0022607]
  
• Jacutin [M0351871]
  
• Janimine [M0011057]
  
• Jatrosom [M0476867]
  
• JB-11 [M0353847]
  
• Jenacillin [M0351142]
  
• Jenapurinol [M0451711]
  
• Jestryl [M0003325]
  
• JM-8 [M0328876]
  
• Jodopax [M0000147]
  
• Jomax [M0465104]
  
• Josamycin [M0023921]
  A macrolide antibiotic from Streptomyces narbonensis. The drug has antimicrobial activity against a wide spectrum of pathogens.
  
• Justac [M0017439]
  
• Jutanorm [M0475999]
  
• Jutapress [M0463340]
  
• K-1900 [M0352081]
  
• K-315 [M0350691]
  
• K-4024 [M0352370]
  
• KABI 2161 [M0351718]
  
• Kaempferols [M0446750]
  A group of FLAVONOLS based on kaempferol. They are derived from naringenin and can be hydroxylated to QUERCETIN or reduced to leucopelargonidin.
  
• Kainate [M0011892]
  
• Kainic Acid [M0011891]
  (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose.
  
• Kallocryl [M0030000]
  
• Kallocryl A [M0030001]
  
• Kallocryl K [M0353333]
  
• Kalma [M0432032]
  
• Kaluril [M0432517]
  
• Kanokonlit [M0351403]
  
• Karsil [M0019875]
  
• KB-53 [M0357810]
  
• Keclor [M0351075]
  
• Keflin [M0003830]
  
• Kefzol [M0351011]
  
• Kelfizine [M0475900]
  
• Kelsef [M0477836]
  
• Keltane [M0351846]
  
• Kemadren [M0475952]
  
• Kemadrin [M0017637]
  
• Kenalin [M0476026]
  
• Kendrick [M0477382]
  
• Kenesil [M0463283]
  
• Kepinol [M0024010]
  
• Kepinol Forte [M0024002]
  
• Kepone [M0351865]
  
• Kerlone [M0024180]
  
• Kerr Pit and Fissure Sealant [M0361921]
  
• Ketalar [M0011981]
  
• Ketamine [M0011982]
  A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.
  
• Ketamine Hydrochloride [M0351823]
  
• Ketanest [M0351822]
  
• Ketanserin [M0011983]
  A selective serotonin receptor antagonist with weak adrenergic receptor blocking properties. The drug is effective in lowering blood pressure in essential hypertension. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. It is well tolerated and is particularly effective in older patients.
  
• Ketaset [M0351821]
  
• Keto Acids [M0011984]
  
• Ketocef [M0003734]
  
• Ketoconazole [M0011987]
  Broad spectrum antifungal agent used for long periods at high doses, especially in immunosuppressed patients.
  
• Ketoglutaric Acid [M0011990]
  
• Ketoglutaric Acids [M0011991]
  A family of compounds containing an oxo group with the general structure of 1,5-pentanedioic acid. (From Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p442)
  
• Ketolides [M0462018]
  Compounds based on ERYTHROMYCIN with the 3-cladinose replaced by a ketone. They bind the 23S part of 70S bacterial RIBOSOMES.
  
• Ketone Bodies [M0011993]
  The substances beta-hydroxybutyric acid, acetoacetic acid, and acetone, which are produced by fatty acid and carbohydrate metabolism in the liver in approximately a 78:20:2 ratio. Acetoacetate is produced from acetyl-CoA. Most is enzymatically converted to beta-ketobutyrate, but a small amount is spontaneously decarboxylated to acetone. The ketone bodies can be used as fuels by muscle and brain tissue. In starvation and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, large quantities are produced, causing metabolic acidosis and elevated blood and urine levels of all three ketone bodies. (Dorland, 28th ed)
  
• Ketones [M0011995]
  
• Ketoprofen [M0011996]
  An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
  
• Ketorolac [M0112721]
  A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is an NSAID and is used principally for its analgesic activity. (From Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)
  
• Ketorolac Tromethamine [M0140754]
  A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent used for analgesia for postoperative pain and inhibits cyclooxygenase activity.
  
• Ketotifen [M0012002]
  A cycloheptathiophene blocker of histamine H1 receptors and release of inflammatory mediators. It has been proposed for the treatment of asthma, rhinitis, skin allergies, and anaphylaxis.
  
• Ketotifen Fumarate [M0361710]
  
• Ketoximes [M0431071]
  Oximes derived from KETONES.
  
• Kexiping [M0017277]
  
• Khellin [M0012004]
  A vasodilator that also has bronchodilatory action. It has been employed in the treatment of angina pectoris, in the treatment of asthma, and in conjunction with ultraviolet light A, has been tried in the treatment of vitiligo. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1024)
  
• Khinozol [M0353877]
  
• Kitasamycin [M0024384]
  A macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces kitasatoensis. The drug has antimicrobial activity against a wide spectrum of pathogens.
  
• kivat [M0478675]
  
• KL-255 [M0350545]
  
• Klinomycin [M0474870]
  
• Klofelin [M0004609]
  
• Kloromin [M0478181]
  
• Klostilbegit [M0004587]
  
• KO-1173 [M0013718]
  
• Kollidon [M0351815]
  
• Konakion [M0016827]
  
• Koretal [M0333668]
  
• Korsolex [M0483115]
  
• Krebiozen [M0005302]
  
• Kriptin [M0473998]
  
• Kristallviolett-L�sung [M0474261]
  
• KS-R1 [M0001027]
  
• KWD-2019 [M0021176]
  
• KWD-2033 [M0350577]
  
• Kwell [M0002335]
  
• Kwells [M0475514]
  
• Kynuramine [M0012090]
  
• Kynurenate [M0012092]
  
• Kynurenic Acid [M0012091]
  A broad-spectrum excitatory amino acid antagonist used as a research tool.
  
• Kytril [M0026936]
  
• L-3428 [M0353573]
  
• L-364,718 [M0353443]
  
• L-714,465 [M0350584]
  
• L-735 524 [M0372271]
  
• l-Amphetamine [M0001013]
  
• L-Carnitine [M0003494]
  
• L-Dromoran [M0354265]
  
• l-Methorphan [M0006141]
  
• L-S 519 [M0353490]
  
• Labetalol [M0012098]
  Blocker of both alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors that is used as an antihypertensive.
  
• Labetalol Hydrochloride [M0463248]
  
• Labosept [M0485018]
  
• Lacophtal [M0475338]
  
• Lacri-Stulln [M0475339]
  
• Lactams [M0012143]
  Cyclic AMIDES formed from aminocarboxylic acids by the elimination of water. Lactims are the enol forms of lactams.
  
• Lactams, Macrocyclic [M0456188]
  LACTAMS forming compounds with a ring size of approximately 1-3 dozen atoms.
  
• Lactate [M0028797]
  
• Lactates [M0012155]
  Salts or esters of LACTIC ACID containing the general formula CH3CHOHCOOR.
  
• Lactic Acid [M0028796]
  A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed)
  
• Lactims [M0456414]
  
• Lactones [M0012175]
  Cyclic esters of hydroxy carboxylic acids, containing a 1-oxacycloalkan-2-one structure. Large cyclic lactones of over a dozen atoms are MACROLIDES.
  
• Lampit [M0352066]
  
• Lamprene [M0004580]
  
• Lannate [M0351494]
  
• Lannate 20 [M0013591]
  
• Largactil [M0004199]
  
• Lariam [M0024164]
  
• Laridal [M0434793]
  
• Laroxyl [M0338111]
  
• Larylin Husten-L�ser [M0452001]
  
• Lasalocid [M0012243]
  Cationic ionophore antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces lasaliensis that, among other effects, dissociates the calcium fluxes in muscle fibers. It is used as a coccidiostat, especially in poultry.
  
• Lasan [M0484993]
  
• Lasix [M0008901]
  
• Lasolvan [M0000856]
  
• Latex [M0012254]
  A milky, product excreted from the latex canals of a variety of plant species that contain cauotchouc. Latex is composed of 25-35% caoutchouc, 60-75% water, 2% protein, 2% resin, 1.5% sugar & 1% ash. RUBBER is made by the removal of water from latex.(From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed). Hevein proteins are responsible for LATEX HYPERSENSITIVITY. Latexes are used as inert vehicles to carry antibodies or antigens in LATEX FIXATION TESTS.
  
• Laubeel [M0464803]
  
• Laudacon [M0361690]
  
• Lauromicina [M0352017]
  
• Lavisa [M0478566]
  
• Laxagetten [M0477473]
  
• Laxanin [M0477474]
  
• Laxans-ratiopharm [M0477475]
  
• Laxatone [M0474415]
  
• Laxbene [M0477476]
  
• Laxysat B�rger [M0477697]
  
• LB-46 [M0373879]
  
• Lealgin [M0016523]
  
• Lebopride [M0475982]
  
• Lecibral [M0463046]
  
• Lectil [M0477346]
  
• Ledakrin [M0373115]
  
• Lederderm [M0474861]
  
• Legalon [M0019876]
  
• Legatrim [M0475005]
  
• Leioderm [M0473945]
  
• Lemakalim [M0353590]
  
• Lemblastine [M0476540]
  
• Lendacin [M0417735]
  
• Lentizol [M0000976]
  
• Leo 640 [M0354015]
  
• Leponex [M0354009]
  
• Lerivon [M0354021]
  
• Lescot [M0024011]
  
• Lethidrone [M0014440]
  
• Leucoanthocyanidins [M0429349]
  Compounds at the intermediate chemical step between flavonols and anthocyanidins.
  
• Leucogenenol [M0012375]
  
• Leucomycins [M0012376]
  An antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kitasatoensis. The complex consists of a mixture of at least eight biologically active components, A1 and A3 to A9. Leucomycins have both antibacterial and antimycoplasmal activities.
  
• Leucovorin [M0004519]
  The active metabolite of FOLIC ACID. Leucovorin is used principally as its calcium salt as an antidote to folic acid antagonists which block the conversion of folic acid to folinic acid.
  
• Leucovorin, (D)-Isomer [M0330670]
  
• Leucovorin, (DL)-Isomer [M0330668]
  
• Leucovorin, (R)-Isomer [M0330674]
  
• Leucovorin, (S)-Isomer [M0330673]
  
• Leucovorin, Calcium (1:1) Salt [M0330667]
  
• Leucovorin, Calcium (1:1) Salt, (DL)-Isomer [M0330672]
  
• Leucovorin, Calcium (1:1) Salt, (S)-Isomer [M0330675]
  
• Leucovorin, Calcium (1:1) Salt, Pentahydrate [M0330671]
  
• Leucovorin, Monopotassium Salt, (S)-Isomer [M0330666]
  
• Leucovorin, Monosodium Salt [M0330669]
  
• Leucovorin, Monosodium Salt, (S)-Isomer [M0330665]
  
• Leukeran [M0004119]
  
• Levalbuterol [M0359590]
  The R-isomer of albuterol.
  
• Levalbuterol Hydrochloride [M0359592]
  
• Levallorphan [M0012429]
  An opioid antagonist with properties similar to those of NALOXONE; in addition it also possesses some agonist properties. It should be used cautiously; levallorphan reverses severe opioid-induced respiratory depression but may exacerbate respiratory depression such as that induced by alcohol or other non-opioid central depressants. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p683)
  
• Levamisole [M0012431]
  An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6)
  
• Levamisole Hydrochloride [M0330203]
  
• Levanxol [M0021139]
  
• Levaquin [M0483118]
  Trade name for levofloxacin.
  
• Levcromakalim [M0329132]
  
• Levo-Dromoran [M0463419]
  
• Levo-Gularic Acid [M0009321]
  
• Levobunolol [M0003033]
  A nonselective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist used in the treatment of glaucoma.
  
• Levobunolol Hydrochloride [M0350563]
  
• Levofloxacin [M0329513]
  
• Levomethadyl Acetate Hydrochloride [M0013547]
  
• Levomethorphan [M0006139]
  
• Levomycetin [M0004128]
  
• Levonor [M0363613]
  
• Levophed [M0363752]
  
• Levopropoxyphene [M0017769]
  
• Levorin [M0352008]
  
• Levorphanol [M0012437]
  A narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is nearly as effective orally as by injection.
  
• Levorphanol Tartrate [M0012439]
  
• Levulinic Acids [M0012440]
  Keto acids that are derivatives of 4-oxopentanoic acids (levulinic acid).
  
• Lexir [M0352864]
  
• Lexotan [M0002930]
  
• LF-178 [M0351584]
  
• Librium [M0004134]
  
• Librochin prikkelhoest [M0464785]
  
• Lidocaine [M0012483]
  A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of procaine but its duration of action is shorter than that of bupivacaine or prilocaine.
  
• Lidocaine Carbonate (2:1) [M0330207]
  
• Lidocaine Hydrocarbonate [M0012485]
  
• Lidocaine Hydrochloride [M0012489]
  
• Lidocaine Monoacetate [M0330206]
  
• Lidocaine Monohydrochloride, Monohydrate [M0330208]
  
• Lidocaine Sulfate (1:1) [M0330205]
  
• Lidoflazine [M0012491]
  Coronary vasodilator with some antiarrhythmic action.
  
• Lidol [M0013426]
  
• Ligament-Fimomed [M0351402]
  
• Lignans [M0026769]
  A class of dibenzylbutane derivatives which occurs in higher plants and in fluids (bile, serum, urine, etc.) in man and other animals. These compounds, which have a potential anti-cancer role, can be synthesized in vitro by human fecal flora. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)
  
• Lignin [M0012517]
  The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together with cellulose and hemicellulose are the major cell wall components of the fibers of all wood and grass species. Lignin is composed of coniferyl, p-coumaryl, and sinapyl alcohols in varying ratios in different plant species. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Lilly 127935 [M0351095]
  
• Lilly 81929 [M0363611]
  
• Lilly 96791 [M0369270]
  
• Lilly 99638 [M0351074]
  
• Lilly-110140 [M0008637]
  
• Limonins [M0410672]
  A group of degraded TRITERPENES in which the four terminal carbons of the C17 side chain have been removed, and the remaining portion often forming C17 furans.
  
• Lin-Buspirone [M0465828]
  
• Lin-Pravastatin [M0475486]
  
• Lincil [M0463047]
  
• Lindane [M0002334]
  An organochlorine insecticide that has been used as a pediculicide and a scabicide. It has been shown to cause cancer.
  
• Lingraine [M0485318]
  
• Linuron [M0012534]
  A selective pre- and post-emergence herbicide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Lipanthyl [M0351583]
  
• Liparison [M0478156]
  
• Lipemol [M0475487]
  
• Liplat [M0475488]
  
• Lipomin [M0432374]
  
• Liposomal Doxorubicin [M0417713]
  Liposomal encapsulated doxorubicin.
  
• Lipotropic Factors [M0012604]
  
• Lipox [M0460117]
  
• Liquamar [M0373202]
  
• Liquifilm Tears [M0350694]
  
• Liquoid [M0351832]
  
• Lisator [M0352568]
  
• Liserdol [M0474176]
  
• Liskantin [M0475724]
  
• Lissamine Green Dyes [M0012612]
  Green dyes containing ammonium and aryl sulfonate moieties that facilitate the visualization of tissues, if given intravenously. They have mostly been used in the study of kidney physiology.
  
• Lisuride [M0012616]
  An ergot derivative that acts as an agonist at dopamine D2 receptors (DOPAMINE AGONISTS). It may also act as an antagonist at dopamine D1 receptors, and as an agonist at some serotonin receptors (SEROTONIN AGONISTS).
  
• Lisuride Hydrochloride [M0330084]
  
• Lisuride Maleate [M0330082]
  
• Lisuride Maleate, (8beta)-Isomer [M0330086]
  
• Lisuride Mesylate [M0330085]
  
• Lisuride Phosphate (1:1) [M0330087]
  
• Lisuride, (8alpha)-(+-)-Isomer [M0330081]
  
• Lithium Nicotinate [M0014806]
  
• Lithonate [M0025376]
  
• Livesan [M0478157]
  
• LM-427 [M0354268]
  
• Lobeline [M0012663]
  An alkaloid that has actions similar to NICOTINE on nicotinic cholinergic receptors but is less potent. It has been proposed for a variety of therapeutic uses including in respiratory disorders, peripheral vascular disorders, insomnia, and smoking cessation.
  
• Lobeline Sulfate [M0463946]
  
• Lodine [M0026282]
  
• Lodosin [M0351198]
  
• Lodrane [M0362254]
  
• Lofepramine [M0012673]
  A psychotropic IMIPRAMINE derivative that acts as a tricyclic antidepressant and possesses few anticholinergic properties. It is metabolized to DESIPRAMINE.
  
• Lofepramine Hydrochloride [M0330088]
  
• Lofibra [M0478147]
  
• Loitin [M0478567]
  
• Lomidine [M0350938]
  
• Lomine [M0477664]
  
• Lomir [M0372657]
  
• Lomont [M0463979]
  
• Lomper [M0474733]
  
• Lomudal [M0353585]
  
• Lomustine [M0012676]
  An alkylating agent of value against both hematologic malignancies and solid tumors.
  
• Lon798 [M0350962]
  
• Longacef [M0351054]
  
• Loniten [M0013917]
  
• Lonol [M0477225]
  
• Lopamidol [M0351695]
  
• Loperamide [M0012692]
  One of the long-acting synthetic ANTIDIARRHEALS; it is not significantly absorbed from the gut, and has no effect on the adrenergic system or central nervous system, but may antagonize histamine and interfere with acetylcholine release locally.
  
• Loperamide Hydrochloride [M0330089]
  
• Lophakomp-Procain N [M0475889]
  
• Lopressor [M0350813]
  
• Lopurin [M0353788]
  
• Lorajmine [M0000614]
  
• Loratadine [M0026329]
  A second-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonist used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Unlike most classical antihistamines (HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS) it lacks central nervous system depressing effects such as drowsiness.
  
• lorazep von ct [M0464804]
  
• Lorazepam [M0012696]
  A benzodiazepine used as an anti-anxiety agent with few side effects. It also has hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and considerable sedative properties and has been proposed as a preanesthetic agent.
  
• Lorazepam Intensol [M0464805]
  
• Lorazepam Medical [M0464806]
  
• Lorazepam-neuraxpharm [M0464807]
  
• Lorazepam-ratiopharm [M0464808]
  
• Lorelco [M0353862]
  
• Lorfan [M0012430]
  
• Losartan [M0029400]
  An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.
  
• Losartan Potassium [M0351838]
  
• Lotrimin [M0004645]
  
• Lovastatin [M0012707]
  A fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus. The compound is a potent anticholesteremic agent. It inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It also stimulates the production of low-density lipoprotein receptors in the liver.
  
• Lovastatin, (1 alpha(S*))-Isomer [M0330091]
  
• Lovastatin, 1 alpha-Isomer (without R*/S* notation) [M0330090]
  
• Low-Density Polyethylene [M0333842]
  
• Loxapine [M0012711]
  An antipsychotic agent used in schizophrenia.
  
• Loxapine Monohydrochloride [M0330094]
  
• Loxen [M0463042]
  
• Loxipine Maleate [M0330092]
  
• Loxipine Succinate [M0330093]
  
• Loxitane [M0354079]
  
• Loxuran [M0351488]
  
• LPG [M0459656]
  
• LS-121 [M0353182]
  
• Lu-10-171 [M0351278]
  
• Lucanthone [M0012715]
  One of the SCHISTOSOMICIDES, it has been replaced largely by HYCANTHONE and more recently PRAZIQUANTEL. (From Martindale The Extrapharmacopoeia, 30th ed., p46)
  
• Lucanthone Hydrochloride [M0012718]
  
• Lucenfal [M0463043]
  
• Lucensomycin [M0012719]
  A macrolide isolated from cultures of Streptomyces lucensis.
  
• Lucidil [M0458708]
  
• Lucite [M0353332]
  
• Ludiomil [M0013020]
  
• Lufyllin [M0353823]
  
• Lullamin [M0351272]
  
• Lumicolchicines [M0012732]
  Three, alpha, beta, and gamma isomers of ultraviolet degradation products of colchicine that lack many of the physiological actions of the parent; used as experimental control for colchicine actions.
  
• Luminal [M0016518]
  
• Luminol [M0012737]
  5-Amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione. Substance that emits light on oxidation. It is used in chemical determinations.
  
• Lumirelax [M0474833]
  
• L�nolax [M0477698]
  
• Lurdex [M0431900]
  
• Lurselle [M0475864]
  
• Lutein [M0023055]
  A carotenoid alcohol widespread in nature. It is present in egg yolk, algae, and petals of yellow flowers, among other sources.
  
• Lutein F [M0023053]
  
• Lutein G [M0023054]
  
• Luteolin [M0092768]
  5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-flavone, one of the FLAVONES.
  
• Luvox [M0351234]
  
• LY-121860 [M0351206]
  
• Ly-123362 [M0351205]
  
• LY-127809 [M0016280]
  
• LY-139037 [M0373908]
  
• LY-139381 [M0351085]
  
• LY-139481 [M0112970]
  
• LY-156758 [M0112964]
  
• Lymecycline [M0012776]
  A semisynthetic antibiotic related to TETRACYCLINE. It is more readily absorbed than TETRACYCLINE and can be used in lower doses.
  
• Lymecycline Hydrochloride [M0330095]
  
• Lymphochin [M0351894]
  
• Lymphocin [M0351893]
  
• Lympholysin [M0372322]
  
• Lymphoquin [M0351892]
  
• Lynestrenol, (9 beta, 10 alpha,17 alpha)-Isomer [M0330096]
  
• Lyogen [M0354109]
  
• Lyophrin [M0007587]
  
• Lysantin [M0015453]
  
• Lysanxia [M0475491]
  
• Lysenyl [M0012617]
  
• Lysergic Acid [M0012832]
  
• Lysergic Acid Diethylamide [M0012833]
  Semisynthetic derivative of ergot (Claviceps purpurea). It has complex effects on serotonergic systems including antagonism at some peripheral serotonin receptors, both agonist and antagonist actions at central nervous system serotonin receptors, and possibly effects on serotonin turnover. It is a potent hallucinogen, but the mechanisms of that effect are not well understood.
  
• Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Tartrate [M0012834]
  
• Lysocline [M0474829]
  
• Lysodren [M0351881]
  
• Lysthenon [M0351530]
  
• Lysuron [M0451710]
  
• M&B-17803 A [M0000102]
  
• M-5041T [M0004607]
  
• M99 [M0007933]
  
• MA-1291 [M0353384]
  
• MA-144A1 [M0350662]
  
• Mace [M0351989]
  
• Macmiror [M0463096]
  
• Macrocyclic Compounds [M0456185]
  Cyclic compounds with a ring size of approximately 1-4 dozen atoms.
  
• Macrodantin [M0014895]
  
• Macrolide Polyketides [M0444944]
  
• Macrolides [M0028311]
  A group of macrocyclic compounds formed by chain extension of multiple PROPIONATES and cyclized into a large (typically 12, 14, 16) membered lactone. They are often glycosylated. Many of them are ANTIBIOTICS.
  
• Macrosil [M0475121]
  
• Madicure [M0474734]
  
• Madrine [M0474167]
  
• Mafenide [M0012880]
  A sulfonamide that inhibits the enzyme carbonic anhydrase and is used as topical anti-infective, especially in burn therapy.
  
• Mafenide Acetate [M0012881]
  
• Mafylon [M0350905]
  
• Magnecyl [M0001875]
  
• Magnesium Ascorbicum [M0001799]
  
• Magnesium Disodium EDTA [M0362591]
  
• Magnesium Oxalate (1:1) [M0329892]
  
• Magnesium para-Aminobenzoate [M0015715]
  
• Magnesium-EGTA [M0007134]
  
• Magnevist [M0351277]
  
• Magnograf [M0482973]
  
• Magnorbin [M0001800]
  
• Maiodil [M0351853]
  
• Malates [M0012916]
  
• Maleates [M0012924]
  
• Maleic Anhydride [M0012925]
  
• Maleic Anhydrides [M0012926]
  Used in copolymerization reactions, in the Diels-Alder(diene)synthesis, in the preparation of resins, pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals. It is a powerful irritant and causes burns.
  
• Maleic Hydrazide [M0012927]
  1,2-Dihydro-3,6-pyridazinedione. A herbicide and plant growth regulator; also used to control suckering of tobacco. Its residue in food and tobacco is highly toxic, causing CNS disturbances and liver damage.
  
• Maleimides [M0012928]
  
• Malipuran [M0465105]
  
• Malocide [M0476076]
  
• Malonates [M0012948]
  
• Malondialdehyde [M0012949]
  The dialdehyde of malonic acid.
  
• Maltyl [M0485012]
  
• Mandelic Acids [M0012974]
  Analogs or derivatives of mandelic acid (alpha-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid).
  
• Maneb [M0012986]
  Manganese derivative of ethylenebisdithiocarbamate. It is used in agriculture as a fungicide and has been shown to cause irritation to the eyes, nose, skin, and throat.
  
• Manganese (2+) Oxalate (1:1) [M0329898]
  
• Maninil [M0352374]
  
• Mannich Bases [M0012994]
  Ketonic amines prepared from the condensation of a ketone with formaldehyde and ammonia or a primary or secondary amine. A Mannich base can act as the equivalent of an alpha,beta unsaturated ketone in synthesis or can be reduced to form physiologically active amino alcohols.
  
• Mannomustine [M0013000]
  Nitrogen mustard derivative alkylating agent used as antineoplastic. It causes severe bone marrow depression and is a powerful vesicant.
  
• Maprolu [M0474726]
  
• Maprotilin Holsten [M0474718]
  
• maprotilin von ct [M0474719]
  
• Maprotilin-neuraxpharm [M0474720]
  
• Maprotilin-ratiopharm [M0474721]
  
• Maprotilin-TEVA [M0474722]
  
• Maprotiline [M0013021]
  A bridged-ring tetracyclic antidepressant that is both mechanistically and functionally similar to the tricyclic antidepressants, including side effects associated with its use.
  
• Maprotiline Hydrochloride [M0330109]
  
• Maprotiline Mesylate [M0330110]
  
• Marboran [M0352343]
  
• Marcoumar [M0373201]
  
• Marezine [M0005459]
  
• Marfanil [M0350904]
  
• Marinol [M0351956]
  
• Marlex [M0066837]
  
• Marmine [M0485142]
  
• Maruate [M0432392]
  
• Masoprocol [M0329970]
  
• Max-Caro [M0459881]
  
• Maxisporin [M0477837]
  
• Maxolon [M0013683]
  
• Maytansine [M0013148]
  An ansa macrolide isolated from the MAYTENUS genus of East African shrubs.
  
• Mazanor [M0353735]
  
• Mazindol [M0013149]
  Tricyclic anorexigenic agent unrelated to and less toxic than AMPHETAMINE, but with some similar side effects. It inhibits uptake of catecholamines and blocks the binding of cocaine to the dopamine uptake transporter.
  
• McN-2559 [M0372829]
  
• McN-A-343 [M0464457]
  
• MCN-R-1967 [M0351974]
  
• MDL 19438 [M0122434]
  
• MDL-17,043 [M0353221]
  
• Meaverin [M0473977]
  
• Mebacid [M0350926]
  
• Mebaral [M0474836]
  
• Mebendan [M0474735]
  
• Mebendazole [M0013158]
  A benzimidazole that acts by interfering with CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM and inhibiting polymerization of MICROTUBULES.
  
• Mebenvet [M0353562]
  
• Mebumal [M0016184]
  
• Mecadox [M0351477]
  
• Mecain [M0473978]
  
• Mecamylamine [M0013160]
  A nicotinic antagonist that is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and crosses the blood-brain barrier. Mecamylamine has been used as a ganglionic blocker in treating hypertension, but, like most ganglionic blockers, is more often used now as a research tool.
  
• Mechlorethamine [M0013168]
  A vesicant and necrotizing irritant destructive to mucous membranes. It was formerly used as a war gas. The hydrochloride is used as an antineoplastic in Hodgkin's disease and lymphomas. It causes severe gastrointestinal and bone marrow damage.
  
• Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride [M0013174]
  
• Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride N-Oxide [M0330112]
  
• Mechlorethamine N-Oxide [M0330111]
  
• Mechlorethamine Oxide [M0013169]
  
• Mecholyl [M0024752]
  
• Meclizine [M0013180]
  A histamine H1 antagonist used in the treatment of motion sickness, vertigo, and nausea during pregnancy and radiation sickness.
  
• Meclizine Dihydrochloride [M0330114]
  
• Meclizine Hydrochloride [M0013182]
  
• Meclizine Monohydrochloride [M0330115]
  
• Meclofenamate [M0473864]
  
• Meclofenamic Acid [M0013184]
  A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with antipyretic and antigranulation activities. It also inhibits prostaglandin biosynthesis.
  
• Meclofenoxate [M0003816]
  A drug composed of DIMETHYLAMINOETHANOL and parachlorphenoxyacetic acid (PCPA).
  
• Meclofenoxate Hydrochloride [M0424109]
  
• Meclomen [M0351661]
  
• Mectizan [M0331957]
  
• Medazepam [M0013187]
  A benzodiazepine derivative used in the treatment of anxiety. It has sedative, muscle relaxant, and anticonvulsant properties. One of its metabolites is DIAZEPAM and one of its excretion products is OXAZEPAM.
  
• Medazepam AWD [M0474747]
  
• Medazepam Hydrochloride [M0330117]
  
• Medebiotin [M0460662]
  
• Medetomidine [M0140434]
  An agonist of RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 that is used in veterinary medicine for its analgesic and sedative properties. It is the racemate of DEXMEDETOMIDINE.
  
• Medetomidine Hydrochloride [M0333581]
  
• Medihaler-Epi [M0007585]
  
• Medinal [M0002176]
  
• medobiotin [M0460660]
  
• Medosan [M0156842]
  
• Mefac [M0473891]
  
• Mefacit [M0013286]
  
• Mefenamic Acid [M0013283]
  A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase.
  
• Mefenamine [M0015458]
  
• Mefloquine [M0024162]
  A phospholipid-interacting antimalarial drug (ANTIMALARIALS). It is very effective against PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM with very few side effects.
  
• Mefloquine Hydrochloride [M0024163]
  
• Mefoxin [M0003725]
  
• Mefruside [M0013288]
  A benzene-sulfonamide-furan. It is used as a diuretic that affects the concentrating ability of the KIDNEY, increases SODIUM CHLORIDE excretion, but may not spare POTASSIUM. It inhibits CARBONIC ANHYDRASES and may increase the blood URIC ACID level.
  
• Megastigmanes [M0449342]
  
• Megimide [M0372301]
  
• Meglutol [M0023214]
  An antilipemic agent which lowers cholesterol, triglycerides, serum beta-lipoproteins and phospholipids. It acts by interfering with the enzymatic steps involved in the conversion of acetate to hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A as well as inhibiting the activity of HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES which is the rate limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of cholesterol.
  
• Mel B [M0352107]
  
• Meladinina [M0474231]
  
• Melanins [M0013307]
  Insoluble polymers of TYROSINE derivatives found in and causing darkness in skin (SKIN PIGMENTATION), hair, and feathers providing protection against SUNBURN induced by SUNLIGHT. CAROTENES contribute yellow and red coloration.
  
• Melarsenoxid-BAL [M0352106]
  
• Melarsoprol [M0013318]
  Arsenical used in trypanosomiases. It may cause fatal encephalopathy and other undesirable side effects.
  
• Meldian [M0352365]
  
• Meleril [M0021378]
  
• Melipramine [M0011058]
  
• Melizide [M0483105]
  
• Melocin [M0474851]
  
• Melopat [M0477355]
  
• Meloxine [M0354144]
  
• Memantine [M0013333]
  AMANTADINE derivative that has some dopaminergic effects. It has been proposed as an antiparkinson agent.
  
• Memantine Hydrochloride [M0464878]
  
• Memo-Puren [M0474903]
  
• Menadione bisulfite [M0047744]
  
• Menadione sodium bisulfite, trihydrate [M0309358]
  
• Mendiaxon [M0353588]
  
• Menocil [M0000969]
  
• Menogaril [M0026248]
  A semisynthetic anthracycline with the amino sugar on the D ring. It displays broad-spectrum antineoplastic activity against a variety of tumors.
  
• Menogaril, (11 beta)-Isomer [M0329256]
  
• Menogaril, (13 beta)-Isomer [M0329255]
  
• Menogaril, (5 alpha)-Isomer [M0329319]
  
• Menogaril, (5 alpha,11 beta)-Isomer [M0329379]
  
• Menthol [M0013417]
  An alcohol produced from mint oils or prepared synthetically.
  
• Menthol, (1alpha,2beta,5alpha)-Isomer [M0330120]
  
• Mepartricin [M0013421]
  Polyene macrolide antibiotic with unknown composition. It is obtained from Streptomyces aureofaciens. It is used as an antifungal agent, an antiprotozoal agent, and in the treatment of BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY.
  
• Mepartricin A [M0013422]
  
• Mepartricin B [M0013423]
  
• Meperidine [M0013427]
  A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration.
  
• Meperidine Hydrochloride [M0330121]
  
• Mephenesin [M0013429]
  A centrally acting muscle relaxant with a short duration of action.
  
• Mephentermine [M0013430]
  A sympathomimetic agent with mainly indirect effects on adrenergic receptors. It is used to maintain blood pressure in hypotensive states, for example, following spinal anesthesia. Although the central stimulant effects of mephentermine are much less than those of amphetamine, its use may lead to amphetamine-type dependence. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1248)
  
• Mephentermine Sulfate [M0013431]
  
• Mephenytoin [M0013432]
  An anticonvulsant effective in tonic-clonic epilepsy (EPILEPSY, TONIC-CLONIC). It may cause blood dyscrasias.
  
• Mephobarbital [M0013433]
  A barbiturate that is metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL. It has been used for similar purposes, especially in EPILEPSY, but there is no evidence mephobarbital offers any advantage over PHENOBARBITAL.
  
• Mepihexal [M0473979]
  
• Mepivacain-Injektopas [M0473980]
  
• Mepivacaina Braun [M0473981]
  
• Mepivacaine [M0013436]
  A local anesthetic that is chemically related to BUPIVACAINE but pharmacologically related to LIDOCAINE. It is indicated for infiltration, nerve block, and epidural anesthesia. Mepivacaine is effective topically only in large doses and therefore should not be used by this route. (From AMA Drug Evaluations, 1994, p168)
  
• Mepivacaine Hydrochloride [M0330123]
  
• Mepivastesin [M0473982]
  
• Meprobamate [M0013438]
  A carbamate with hypnotic, sedative, and some muscle relaxant properties, although in therapeutic doses reduction of anxiety rather than a direct effect may be responsible for muscle relaxation. Meprobamate has been reported to have anticonvulsant actions against petit mal seizures, but not against grand mal seizures (which may be exacerbated). It is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS, and also for the short-term management of INSOMNIA but has largely been superseded by the BENZODIAZEPINES. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p603)
  
• M�probamate Richard [M0473989]
  
• Mepron [M0173855]
  
• Meprospan [M0473986]
  
• Meptazinol [M0013440]
  A narcotic antagonist with analgesic properties. It is used for the control of moderate to severe pain.
  
• Meptazinol Hydrochloride [M0330124]
  
• Meptid [M0473993]
  
• Mepyramine Maleate [M0018252]
  
• MER-25 [M0350671]
  
• MER-29 [M0351860]
  
• Merbentyl [M0006315]
  
• Merbromin [M0013442]
  A once-popular mercury containing topical antiseptic.
  
• Mercaptoethanol [M0013443]
  
• Mercaptoethylamine [M0005536]
  
• Mercaptoethylamines [M0013444]
  
• Mercazol [M0352357]
  
• Mercuribenzoates [M0013446]
  Mercury-containing benzoic acid derivatives.
  
• Mercurochrome [M0374382]
  
• Mercusal [M0352118]
  
• Mercuval [M0485229]
  
• Merital [M0353765]
  
• Merocets [M0478048]
  
• Mersalin [M0352117]
  
• Mersalyl [M0013455]
  A toxic thiol mercury salt formerly used as a diuretic. It inhibits various biochemical functions, especially in mitochondria, and is used to study those functions.
  
• Mersalyl Acid [M0013456]
  
• Mersilon [M0369279]
  
• Merthiolate [M0021340]
  
• Mesantoin [M0353222]
  
• Mescaline [M0013457]
  Hallucinogenic alkaloid isolated from the flowering heads (peyote) of Lophophora (formerly Anhalonium) williamsii, a Mexican cactus used in Indian religious rites and as an experimental psychotomimetic. Among its cellular effects are agonist actions at some types of serotonin receptors. It has no accepted therapeutic uses although it is legal for religious use by members of the Native American Church.
  
• Mesna [M0023193]
  A sulfhydryl compound used to prevent urothelial toxicity by inactivating metabolites from ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, such as IFOSFAMIDE or CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE.
  
• MESNA-cell [M0474161]
  
• Mesnex [M0332064]
  
• Mesnum [M0332063]
  
• Mesocaine [M0350848]
  
• Mesoporphyrins [M0013482]
  Porphyrins with four methyl, two ethyl, and two propionic acid side chains attached to the pyrrole rings.
  
• Mesoridazine [M0013483]
  A phenothiazine antipsychotic with effects similar to CHLORPROMAZINE.
  
• Mestinon [M0018239]
  
• Mesylates [M0013557]
  Organic salts or esters of methanesulfonic acid.
  
• Metadate [M0474256]
  
• Metadol [M0474180]
  
• Metalloporphyrins [M0013500]
  Porphyrins which are combined with a metal ion. The metal is bound equally to all four nitrogen atoms of the pyrrole rings. They possess characteristic absorption spectra which can be utilized for identification or quantitative estimation of porphyrins and porphyrin-bound compounds.
  
• Metanephrine [M0013522]
  Product of epinephrine O-methylation. It is a commonly occurring, pharmacologically and physiologically inactive metabolite of epinephrine.
  
• Metaoxedrin [M0016559]
  
• Metaplex [M0030002]
  
• Metaprel [M0373118]
  
• Metaproterenol Polistirex [M0376145]
  
• Metaproterenol Sulfate [M0015385]
  
• Metaraminol [M0013526]
  An adrenergic agonist that acts predominantly at alpha adrenergic receptors and also stimulates the release of norepinephrine. It has been used primarily as a vasoconstrictor in the treatment of hypotension.
  
• Metaraminol Bitartrate [M0350574]
  
• Metaraminol Bitartrate (1:1) [M0330126]
  
• Metasedin [M0474181]
  
• Metasqualene [M0351859]
  
• Metasympatol [M0016560]
  
• Metergoline [M0013569]
  A dopamine agonist and serotonin antagonist. It has been used similarly to BROMOCRIPTINE as a dopamine agonist and also for MIGRAINE DISORDERS therapy.
  
• Metformin [M0013535]
  A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289)
  
• Methacholine [M0024755]
  
• Methacholine Chloride [M0024753]
  A quaternary ammonium parasympathomimetic agent with the muscarinic actions of ACETYLCHOLINE. It is hydrolyzed by ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE at a considerably slower rate than ACETYLCHOLINE and is more resistant to hydrolysis by nonspecific CHOLINESTERASES so that its actions are more prolonged. It is used as a parasympathomimetic bronchoconstrictor agent and as a diagnostic aid for bronchial asthma. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1116)
  
• Methacholine Compounds [M0013537]
  A group of compounds that are derivatives of beta-methylacetylcholine (methacholine).
  
• Methacrylates [M0013538]
  Acrylic acids or acrylates which are substituted in the C-2 position with a methyl group.
  
• Methacycline [M0013539]
  A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic related to TETRACYCLINE but excreted more slowly and maintaining effective blood levels for a more extended period.
  
• Methacycline Monohydrochloride [M0330127]
  
• Methaddict [M0474182]
  
• Methadol [M0351993]
  
• Methadone [M0013541]
  A synthetic opioid that is used as the hydrochloride. It is an opioid analgesic that is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. It has actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE. It also has a depressant action on the cough center and may be given to control intractable cough associated with terminal lung cancer. Methadone is also used as part of the treatment of dependence on opioid drugs, although prolonged use of methadone itself may result in dependence. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1082-3)
  
• Methadone Hydrochloride [M0333590]
  
• Methadose [M0474183]
  
• Methadyl Acetate [M0013546]
  A narcotic analgesic with a long onset and duration of action. It is used mainly in the treatment of narcotic dependence.
  
• Methallibure [M0013548]
  A dithiobiurea compound with anti-gonadotropic activity.
  
• Methamphetamine [M0013551]
  A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The smokable form is a drug of abuse and is referred to as crank, crystal, crystal meth, ice, and speed.
  
• Methamphetamine Hydrochloride [M0013552]
  
• Methane [M0013556]
  The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
  
• Methanol [M0000655]
  A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.
  
• Methapyrilene [M0013559]
  Histamine H1 antagonist with sedative action used as a hypnotic and in allergies.
  
• Methaqualone [M0013560]
  A quinazoline derivative with hypnotic and sedative properties. It has been withdrawn from the market in many countries because of problems with abuse. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p604)
  
• Methaqualone Hydrochloride [M0474830]
  
• Methazolamide [M0013561]
  A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used as a diuretic and in the treatment of glaucoma.
  
• Methemalbumin [M0013562]
  A 1:1 molar complex of heme or hematin and albumin formed after the dissociation of methemoglobin into heme or hematin and globin in plasma. This complex, which imparts a coffee-brown color to plasma, occurs in hemolytic and hemorrhagic disorders. Its presence in plasma is used as a test to differentiate between hemorrhagic and edematous pancreatitis.
  
• Methenamine [M0013566]
  An anti-infective agent most commonly used in the treatment of urinary tract infections. Its anti-infective action derives from the slow release of formaldehyde by hydrolysis at acidic pH. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p173)
  
• Methergine [M0013637]
  
• Methex [M0474184]
  
• Methicillin [M0013570]
  One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE but susceptible to a penicillin-binding protein. It is inactivated by gastric acid so administered by injection.
  
• Methicillin Hydrate, Monosodium Salt [M0330128]
  
• Methicillin Sodium [M0330129]
  
• Methimazole [M0013573]
  A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme.
  
• Methiocarb [M0013574]
  Insecticide, molluscacide, acaricide.
  
• Methiothepin [M0013581]
  A serotonin receptor antagonist in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM used as an antipsychotic.
  
• Methiothepin Maleate [M0013582]
  
• Methisazone [M0013583]
  An antiviral agent effective against pox viruses.
  
• Methizol [M0476434]
  
• Methocarbamol [M0013584]
  A centrally acting muscle relaxant whose mode of action has not been established. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1206)
  
• Methohexital [M0013589]
  An intravenous anesthetic with a short duration of action that may be used for induction of anesthesia.
  
• Methohexital Sodium [M0330134]
  
• Methomyl [M0013592]
  A carbamate insecticide with anticholinesterase activity.
  
• Methonium Compounds [M0474212]
  
• Methoprene [M0013594]
  Juvenile hormone analog and insect growth regulator used to control insects by disrupting metamorphosis. Has been effective in controlling mosquito larvae.
  
• Methotrexate [M0013595]
  An antineoplastic antimetabolite with immunosuppressant properties. It is an inhibitor of TETRAHYDROFOLATE DEHYDROGENASE and prevents the formation of tetrahydrofolate, necessary for synthesis of thymidylate, an essential component of DNA.
  
• Methotrexate Hydrate [M0330135]
  
• Methotrexate, (D)-Isomer [M0330137]
  
• Methotrexate, (DL)-Isomer [M0330138]
  
• Methotrexate, Dicesium Salt [M0330141]
  
• Methotrexate, Disodium Salt [M0330140]
  
• Methotrexate, Sodium Salt [M0330136]
  
• Methotrimeprazine [M0013597]
  A phenothiazine with pharmacological activity similar to that of both CHLORPROMAZINE and PROMETHAZINE. It has the histamine-antagonist properties of the antihistamines together with CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM effects resembling those of chlorpromazine. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p604)
  
• Methoxa-Dome [M0354147]
  
• Methoxamine [M0013598]
  An alpha-adrenergic agonist that causes prolonged peripheral vasoconstriction. It has little if any direct effect on the central nervous system.
  
• Methoxamine Hydrochloride [M0350565]
  
• Methoxone [M0351750]
  
• Methoxsalen [M0013600]
  A naturally occurring furocoumarin compound found in several species of plants, including Psoralea corylifolia. It is a photoactive substance that forms DNA ADDUCTS in the presence of ultraviolet A irradiation.
  
• Methoxychlor [M0013601]
  An insecticide. Methoxychlor has estrogenic effects in mammals, among other effects.
  
• Methoxydimethyltryptamine [M0013604]
  
• Methoxydimethyltryptamines [M0013603]
  Compounds that contain the biogenic monoamine tryptamine and are substituted with one methoxy group and two methyl groups. Members of this group include several potent serotonergic hallucinogens found in several unrelated plants, skins of certain toads, and in mammalian brains. They are possibly involved in the etiology of schizophrenia.
  
• Methoxyflurane [M0013605]
  An inhalation anesthetic. Currently, methoxyflurane is rarely used for surgical, obstetric, or dental anesthesia. If so employed, it should be administered with NITROUS OXIDE to achieve a relatively light level of anesthesia, and a neuromuscular blocking agent given concurrently to obtain the desired degree of muscular relaxation. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p180)
  
• Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol [M0013606]
  Synthesized from endogenous epinephrine and norepinephrine in vivo. It is found in brain, blood, CSF, and urine, where its concentrations are used to measure catecholamine turnover.
  
• Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol, (+)-Isomer [M0330144]
  
• Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol, (+-)-Isomer [M0330143]
  
• Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol, (-)-Isomer [M0330145]
  
• Methoxytryptamine [M0013608]
  
• Methyclothiazide [M0013609]
  A thiazide diuretic with properties similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p825)
  
• Methyl Acrylic Plastic [M0029564]
  
• Methyl Chloride [M0013610]
  A hydrocarbon used as an industrial solvent. It has been used as an aerosal propellent, as a refrigerant and as a local anesthetic. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed, p1403)
  
• Methyl Ethers [M0013611]
  A group of compounds that contain the general formula R-OCH3.
  
• Methyl Green [M0013612]
  A tri-benzene-ammonium usually compounded with zinc chloride. It is used as a biological stain and for the dyeing and printing of textiles.
  
• Methyl Methanesulfonate [M0013613]
  An alkylating agent in cancer therapy that may also act as a mutagen by interfering with and causing damage to DNA.
  
• Methyl n-Butyl Ketone [M0013615]
  An industrial solvent which causes nervous system degeneration. MBK is an acronym often used to refer to it.
  
• Methyl Propyl Ketones [M0016177]
  
• Methyl-gag [M0013945]
  
• Methylamines [M0013617]
  
• Methylazoxymethanol Acetate [M0013619]
  The aglycone of CYCASIN. It acts as a potent carcinogen and neurotoxin and inhibits hepatic DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis.
  
• Methylbufotenin [M0013602]
  
• Methylcholanthrene [M0013624]
  A carcinogen that is often used in experimental cancer studies.
  
• Methyldimethylaminoazobenzene [M0013625]
  A very potent liver carcinogen.
  
• Methylene Blue [M0013629]
  A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.
  
• Methylene Chloride [M0013630]
  A chlorinated hydrocarbon that has been used as an inhalation anesthetic and acts as a narcotic in high concentrations. Its primary use is as a solvent in manufacturing and food technology.
  
• Methylenebis(chloroaniline) [M0013631]
  Aromatic diamine used in the plastics industry as curing agent for epoxy resins and urethane rubbers. It causes bladder, liver, lung, and other neoplasms.
  
• Methylergonovine [M0013636]
  A homolog of ERGONOVINE containing one more CH2 group. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Methylergonovine Maleate [M0237343]
  
• Methylguanidine [M0013642]
  A product of putrefaction. Poisonous.
  
• Methylhistamines [M0013643]
  Histamine substituted in any position with one or more methyl groups. Many of these are agonists for the H1, H2, or both histamine receptors.
  
• Methylhydrazines [M0013645]
  Hydrazines substituted by one or more methyl groups in any position.
  
• Methylin [M0474257]
  
• Methylmalonic Acid [M0013646]
  A malonic acid derivative which is a vital intermediate in the metabolism of fat and protein. Abnormalities in methylmalonic acid metabolism lead to methylmalonic aciduria. This metabolic disease is attributed to a block in the enzymatic conversion of methylmalonyl CoA to succinyl CoA.
  
• Methylmercury Compounds [M0013649]
  Organic compounds in which mercury is attached to a methyl group.
  
• Methylmethacrylate [M0029998]
  The methyl ester of methacrylic acid. It polymerizes easily to form POLYMETHYL METHACRYLATE. It is used as a bone cement.
  
• Methylmethacrylates [M0013650]
  The methyl esters of methacrylic acid that polymerize easily and are used as tissue cements, dental materials, and absorbent for biological substances.
  
• Methylnitronitrosoguanidine [M0013651]
  A nitrosoguanidine derivative with potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties.
  
• Methylnitrosourea [M0013652]
  A nitrosourea compound with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.
  
• Methylnorepinephrine [M0013656]
  
• Methylphenazonium Methosulfate [M0013659]
  Used as an electron carrier in place of the flavine enzyme of Warburg in the hexosemonophosphate system and also in the preparation of SUCCINIC DEHYDROGENASE.
  
• Methylphenidate [M0013660]
  A central nervous system stimulant used most commonly in the treatment of attention-deficit disorders in children and for narcolepsy. Its mechanisms appear to be similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.
  
• Methylphenidate Hydrochloride [M0351724]
  
• Methyltyramine [M0015729]
  
• Methylurea Compounds [M0013672]
  Urea compounds which are substituted with one or more methyl groups.
  
• Methysergide [M0013673]
  An ergot derivative that is a congener of LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE. It antagonizes the effects of serotonin in blood vessels and gastrointestinal smooth muscle, but has few of the properties of other ergot alkaloids. Methysergide is used prophylactically in migraine and other vascular headaches and to antagonize serotonin in the carcinoid syndrome.
  
• Methysergide Dimaleate [M0013674]
  
• Methysergide Maleate [M0352828]
  
• Metiamide [M0013677]
  A histamine H2 receptor antagonist that is used as an anti-ulcer agent.
  
• Metiamide Monohydrochloride [M0330026]
  
• Metiazol [M0353545]
  
• Metifex [M0477796]
  
• Metin [M0474840]
  
• Metindol [M0353732]
  
• Metipranolol [M0021985]
  A beta-adrenergic antagonist effective for both beta-1 and beta-2 receptors. It is used as an antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive, and antiglaucoma agent.
  
• Metisol [M0352356]
  
• Metoclopramide [M0013679]
  A dopamine D2 antagonist that is used as an antiemetic.
  
• Metoclopramide Dihydrochloride [M0330027]
  
• Metoclopramide Hydrochloride [M0330028]
  
• Metoclopramide Monohydrochloride [M0330029]
  
• Metolazone [M0013684]
  A quinazoline-sulfonamide that is considered a thiazide-like diuretic which is long-acting so useful in chronic RENAL FAILURE. It also tends to lower BLOOD PRESSURE and increase POTASSIUM loss.
  
• Metomide [M0024012]
  
• Metopirone [M0013713]
  
• Metoprolol [M0013686]
  A selective adrenergic beta-1-blocking agent with no stimulatory action. It's binding to plasma albumin is weaker than alprenolol and it may be useful in angina pectoris, hypertension, or cardiac arrhythmias.
  
• Metoprolol Tartrate [M0350812]
  
• Metox [M0351875]
  
• Metoxamine Wellcome [M0474227]
  
• Metrazol [M0373140]
  
• Metric [M0013702]
  
• Metrizamide [M0013690]
  A solute for density gradient centrifugation offering higher maximum solution density without the problems of increased viscosity. It is also used as a resorbable, non-ionic contrast medium.
  
• Metrizoate [M0013692]
  A diagnostic radiopaque that usually occurs as the sodium salt.
  
• Metrizoate Sodium [M0013694]
  
• Metrodzhil [M0013704]
  
• MetroGel [M0013703]
  
• Metrogyl [M0013705]
  
• Metronidazole [M0013695]
  A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS. It has also been proposed as a radiation sensitizer for hypoxic cells. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985, p133), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck, 11th ed).
  
• Metronidazole Hydrochloride [M0013696]
  
• Metronidazole Phosphate [M0330031]
  
• Metyrapone [M0013712]
  An inhibitor of the enzyme STEROID 11-BETA-MONOOXYGENASE. It is used as a test of the feedback hypothalamic-pituitary mechanism in the diagnosis of CUSHING SYNDROME.
  
• Mevacor [M0354781]
  
• Mevalonate [M0013715]
  
• Mevalonic Acid [M0013714]
  
• Mexate [M0013596]
  
• Mexiletene [M0373103]
  
• Mexiletine [M0013719]
  Antiarrhythmic agent pharmacologically similar to LIDOCAINE. It may have some anticonvulsant properties.
  
• Mexiletine Hydrochloride [M0013720]
  
• Mexitil [M0013721]
  
• Mezaton [M0016561]
  
• Mezcalin [M0351218]
  
• Mezlin [M0351113]
  
• Mezlocillin [M0013722]
  Semisynthetic ampicillin-derived acylureido penicillin. It has been proposed for infections with certain anaerobes and may be useful in inner ear, bile, and CNS infections.
  
• Mezlocillin Sodium (Sterile) [M0351112]
  
• Mianserin [M0013724]
  A tetracyclic compound with antidepressant effects. It may cause drowsiness and hematological problems. Its mechanism of therapeutic action is not well understood, although it apparently blocks alpha-adrenergic, histamine H1, and some types of serotonin receptors.
  
• Mianserin Hydrochloride [M0330033]
  
• Mibefradil [M0167272]
  A benzimidazoyl-substituted tetraline that selectively binds and inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, T-TYPE.
  
• Mibefradil Dihydrochloride [M0167270]
  
• Mibrox [M0452647]
  
• Micanol [M0484992]
  
• Miccil [M0465168]
  
• Micoisdin [M0476664]
  
• Miconazole [M0013758]
  An imidazole antifungal agent that is used topically and by intravenous infusion.
  
• Miconazole Nitrate [M0330034]
  
• Micristin [M0001876]
  
• Microcillin [M0354302]
  
• Microfil [M0019856]
  
• Micronase [M0352373]
  
• Micronefrin [M0007588]
  
• Micronephrine [M0007591]
  
• Microshield T [M0476891]
  
• Microx [M0350908]
  
• Midamor [M0000907]
  
• Midantan [M0370891]
  
• Midazolam [M0013843]
  A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.
  
• Midazolam Hydrochloride [M0353521]
  
• Midazolam Maleate [M0013846]
  
• Midodrine [M0013860]
  An ethanolamine derivative that is an adrenergic alpha agonist. It is used as a vasoconstrictor agent in the treatment of hypotension.
  
• Midodrine Monohydrochloride [M0352408]
  
• Midon [M0474321]
  
• Midoride [M0432518]
  
• Migranal [M0006402]
  
• Milbam [M0023144]
  
• Mildothane [M0351509]
  
• Milrinone [M0029839]
  A positive inotropic cardiotonic agent with vasodilator properties. It inhibits cAMP phosphodiesterase activity in myocardium and vascular smooth muscle. Milrinone is a derivative of amrinone and has 20-30 times the ionotropic potency of amrinone.
  
• Milrinone Lactate [M0029840]
  
• Miltown [M0351493]
  
• Milurit [M0353787]
  
• Milurite [M0353793]
  
• Min-I-Jet Morphine Sulphate [M0477652]
  
• Minakne [M0474871]
  
• Mini-Lix [M0432713]
  
• Minidiab [M0352369]
  
• Minims Fluorescein Sodium [M0478619]
  
• Minims Stains [M0478620]
  
• Minipress [M0017442]
  
• Mino-Wolff [M0474872]
  
• Minocin [M0013913]
  
• Minoclir [M0474873]
  
• Minocycline [M0013912]
  A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.
  
• Minocycline Hydrochloride [M0330036]
  
• Minocycline, (4R-(4 alpha,4a beta,5a beta,12a beta))-Isomer [M0330038]
  
• Minolis [M0477147]
  
• Minoplus [M0477149]
  
• Minox 50 [M0474852]
  
• Minoxidil [M0013916]
  A potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator (VASODILATOR AGENTS) that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in BLOOD PRESSURE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p371)
  
• Mintesol [M0353571]
  
• Mintezol [M0021314]
  
• Mio Relax [M0477282]
  
• Miocamycin [M0023981]
  A macrolide antibiotic that has a wide antimicrobial spectrum and is particularly effective in respiratory and genital infections.
  
• Miochol [M0000167]
  
• Miocrin [M0475557]
  
• Miosen [M0485235]
  
• Miostat [M0491418]
  
• Miracil D [M0012716]
  
• Miraclar [M0462896]
  
• Mirex [M0013920]
  An organochlorine insecticide that is carcinogenic.
  
• Mirpan [M0474723]
  
• Miscleron [M0351463]
  
• Misonidazole [M0013924]
  A nitroimidazole that sensitizes normally radio-resistant hypoxic cells to radiation. It may also be directly cytotoxic to hypoxic cells and has been proposed as an antineoplastic.
  
• Mistabron [M0332062]
  
• Mitexan [M0351802]
  
• Mitocin-C [M0353143]
  
• Mitoguazone [M0013946]
  Antineoplastic agent effective against myelogenous leukemia in experimental animals. Also acts as an inhibitor of animal S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase.
  
• Mitomen [M0351949]
  
• Mitomycin [M0013948]
  An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.
  
• Mitomycins [M0013949]
  A group of methylazirinopyrroloindolediones obtained from certain Streptomyces strains. They are very toxic antibiotics used as ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS in some solid tumors. PORFIROMYCIN and MITOMYCIN are the most useful members of the group.
  
• Mitotane [M0013951]
  A derivative of the insecticide DICHLORODIPHENYLDICHLOROETHANE that specifically inhibits cells of the adrenal cortex and their production of hormones. It is used to treat adrenocortical tumors and causes CNS damage, but no bone marrow depression.
  
• Mitoxantrone [M0013954]
  An anthracenedione-derived antineoplastic agent.
  
• Mitoxantrone Acetate [M0330041]
  
• Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride [M0330040]
  
• Mitroxone [M0474352]
  
• Mizodin [M0373164]
  
• MJ-1999 [M0350816]
  
• MJ-9022-1 [M0003076]
  
• MJ-9067 [M0350851]
  
• MK 990 [M0351064]
  
• MK-0366 [M0353994]
  
• MK-0787 [M0351093]
  
• MK-135 [M0373520]
  
• MK-185 [M0351749]
  
• MK-208 [M0333424]
  
• MK-231 [M0350641]
  
• MK-306 [M0351044]
  
• MK-329 [M0353444]
  
• MK-412A [M0350944]
  
• MK-485 [M0351197]
  
• MK-486 [M0351196]
  
• MK-639 [M0372272]
  
• MK-647 [M0351708]
  
• MK-733 [M0350853]
  
• MK-801 [M0350546]
  
• MK-803 [M0354780]
  
• MK-933 [M0331956]
  
• MK-950 [M0021549]
  
• MK-954 [M0351837]
  
• MM-14151 [M0372714]
  
• Mn-Dtpa [M0006868]
  
• Moban [M0013990]
  
• Moclix [M0474407]
  
• Moclobemid AZU [M0474417]
  
• Moclobemid Stada [M0474418]
  
• Moclobemid von ct [M0474419]
  
• Moclobemid-1A Pharma [M0474420]
  
• Moclobemid-Puren [M0474421]
  
• Moclobemid-ratiopharm [M0474422]
  
• Moclobemide [M0106138]
  A reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type A; (RIMA); (see MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS) that has antidepressive properties.
  
• Moclobeta [M0474409]
  
• Moclodura [M0474410]
  
• Moclonorm [M0474408]
  
• Modane [M0029851]
  
• Mod�ratan [M0432393]
  
• Modus [M0463288]
  
• Mogadon [M0476761]
  
• Molindone [M0013989]
  An indole derivative effective in schizophrenia and other psychoses and possibly useful in the treatment of the aggressive type of undersocialized conduct disorder. Molindone has much lower affinity for D2 receptors than most antipsychotic agents and has a relatively low affinity for D1 receptors. It has only low to moderate affinity for cholinergic and alpha-adrenergic receptors. Some electrophysiologic data from animals indicate that molindone has certain characteristics that resemble those of CLOZAPINE. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p283)
  
• Molindone Hydrochloride [M0330042]
  
• Molipaxin [M0361360]
  
• Molsi 1A Pharma [M0474436]
  
• Molsi-AZU [M0474437]
  
• Molsi-Puren [M0474438]
  
• Molsibeta [M0474439]
  
• Molsidomin Heumann [M0474440]
  
• Molsidomin Stada [M0474441]
  
• molsidomin von ct [M0474442]
  
• Molsidomin-ratiopharm [M0474443]
  
• Molsidomine [M0014003]
  A morpholinyl sydnone imine ethyl ester, having a nitrogen in place of the keto oxygen. It acts as NITRIC OXIDE DONORS and is a vasodilator that has been used in ANGINA PECTORIS.
  
• Molsihexal [M0474444]
  
• Molsiket [M0474445]
  
• Monaspor [M0003726]
  
• Monensin [M0014007]
  An antiprotozoal agent produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis. It exerts its effect during the development of first-generation trophozoites into first-generation schizonts within the intestinal epithelial cells. It does not interfere with hosts' development of acquired immunity to the majority of coccidial species. Monensin is a sodium and proton selective ionophore and is widely used as such in biochemical studies.
  
• Monensin Sodium [M0330043]
  
• Monoammonium Oxalate [M0329896]
  
• Monocid [M0024190]
  
• Monocrotaline [M0025420]
  A pyrrolizidine alkaloid and a toxic plant constituent that poisons livestock and humans through the ingestion of contaminated grains and other foods. The alkaloid causes pulmonary artery hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pathological changes in the pulmonary vasculature. Significant attenuation of the cardiopulmonary changes are noted after oral magnesium treatment.
  
• Monocrotaline Hydrochloride (13alpha,14alpha)-Isomer [M0329401]
  
• Monocrotaline, (all-xi)-Isomer [M0329400]
  
• Monogalactolipids [M0060409]
  
• Monogold (1+) Disodium Thiomalate [M0330221]
  
• Monomethylhydrazine [M0014034]
  Hydrazine substituted by one methyl group.
  
• Monomycin [M0392827]
  
• Monopotassium Oxalate [M0329884]
  
• Monosan [M0351748]
  
• Monosodium Oxalate [M0329883]
  
• Monospan [M0362253]
  
• Monoterpenes [M0419649]
  Compounds with a core of 10 carbons generally formed via the mevalonate pathway from the combination of 3,3-dimethylallyl pyrophosphate and isopentenyl pyrophosphate. They are cyclized and oxidized in a variety of ways. Due to the low molecular weight many of them exist in the form of essential oils (OILS, VOLATILE).
  
• Monovent [M0476175]
  
• Mopidamol [M0014050]
  A phosphodiesterase inhibitor which inhibits platelet aggregation. Formerly used as an antineoplastic.
  
• Moradol [M0352887]
  
• Moranil [M0351761]
  
• Moranoline [M0353402]
  
• Morantel [M0014057]
  Antinematodal agent used mainly for livestock.
  
• Morantel Tartrate [M0014058]
  
• Moricizine [M0024900]
  An antiarrhythmia agent used primarily for ventricular rhythm disturbances.
  
• Moricizine Hydrochloride [M0333637]
  
• Morphinans [M0014063]
  Compounds based on a partially saturated iminoethanophenanthrene, which can be described as ethylimino-bridged benzo-decahydronaphthalenes. They include some of the OPIOIDS found in PAPAVER that are used as ANALGESICS.
  
• Morphine [M0014064]
  The principal alkaloid in opium and the prototype opiate analgesic and narcotic. Morphine has widespread effects in the central nervous system and on smooth muscle.
  
• Morphine Chloride [M0014065]
  
• Morphine Derivatives [M0014070]
  Analogs or derivatives of morphine.
  
• Morphine Sulfate [M0014066]
  
• Morphine Sulfate (2:1), Anhydrous [M0330046]
  
• Morphine Sulfate (2:1), Pentahydrate [M0330045]
  
• Morpholines [M0014072]
  
• Motilium [M0006753]
  
• Motion-Aid [M0485141]
  
• Motosol [M0452648]
  
• Motrin [M0010970]
  
• Movecil [M0352567]
  
• Moxalactam [M0014142]
  Broad- spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic similar in structure to the CEPHALOSPORINS except for the substitution of an oxaazabicyclo moiety for the thiaazabicyclo moiety of certain CEPHALOSPORINS. It has been proposed especially for the meningitides because it passes the blood-brain barrier and for anaerobic infections.
  
• Moxisylyte [M0021466]
  An alpha-adrenergic blocking agent that is used in Raynaud's disease. It is also used locally in the eye to reverse the mydriasis caused by phenylephrine and other sympathomimetic agents. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1312)
  
• Moxisylyte Hydrochloride [M0474459]
  
• MPV-1440 [M0332428]
  
• MPV-785 [M0333582]
  
• MRZ-2593 [M0352946]
  
• MS Contin [M0369449]
  
• MTW-Fenofibrat [M0478158]
  
• MTW-Molsidomin [M0474446]
  
• MTW-Roxithromycin [M0475120]
  
• Mucinil [M0475953]
  
• Mucinol [M0433969]
  
• Mucohexine [M0465041]
  
• Mucotablin [M0451878]
  
• Munchnones [M0446343]
  
• Mundiphyllin Retard [M0351372]
  
• Muramic Acid [M0014211]
  
• Muramic Acids [M0014212]
  Compounds consisting of glucosamine and lactate joined by an ether linkage. They occur naturally as N-acetyl derivatives in peptidoglycan, the characteristic polysaccharide composing bacterial cell walls. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
  
• Murexide [M0014215]
  5,5'-Nitrilodibarbituric acid ammonium derivative. Used as an indicator for complexometric titrations.
  
• Muscarine [M0014225]
  A toxic alkaloid found in Amanita muscaria (fly fungus) and other fungi of the Inocybe species. It is the first parasympathomimetic substance ever studied and causes profound parasympathetic activation that may end in convulsions and death. The specific antidote is atropine.
  
• Muscimol [M0014231]
  Neurotoxic isoxazole isolated from Amanita muscaria and A. phalloides and also obtained by decarboxylation of IBOTENIC ACID. It is a potent agonist at GABA-A receptors and is used mainly as an experimental tool in animal and tissue studies.
  
• Mustard Compounds [M0014270]
  Strong alkylating and immunosuppressive agents whose biological activity is based on the presence of bis(2-chloroethyl)- groups. Although otherwise structurally diverse, the compounds have in common the capacity to contribute alkyl groups to DNA. They are generally highly toxic but include among their number many widely used and effective antineoplastic agents.
  
• Mustard Gas [M0014271]
  Severe irritant and vesicant of skin, eyes, and lungs. It may cause blindness and lethal lung edema and was formerly used as a war gas. The substance has been proposed as a cytostatic and for treatment of psoriasis. It has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP-85-002, 1985) (Merck, 11th ed).
  
• Mustargen [M0013175]
  
• Mutamycin [M0353142]
  
• Muzolimine [M0014278]
  A pyrazole diuretic with long duration and high capacity of action. It was proposed for kidney failure and hypertension but was withdrawn worldwide because of severe neurological effects.
  
• MVE-2 [M0018217]
  
• MVE-5 [M0018218]
  
• My-301 [M0352306]
  
• Myambutol [M0007815]
  
• Mycelex [M0004646]
  
• Mycobutin [M0354269]
  
• Mycostatin [M0015152]
  
• Mycotoxins [M0014315]
  Toxic compounds produced by FUNGI.
  
• Mydeton [M0021635]
  
• Mydocalm [M0021636]
  
• Mydriacyl [M0372555]
  
• Mydrial [M0370893]
  
• Myelosan [M0350678]
  
• Mykocert [M0432589]
  
• Mylecytan [M0350677]
  
• Myleran [M0003081]
  
• Myo Hermes [M0460105]
  
• Myocet [M0479793]
  
• Myocholine [M0460103]
  
• Myochrysine [M0009530]
  
• Myofedrin [M0015669]
  
• Myoquin [M0475003]
  
• Myorelaxin [M0020714]
  
• Myostibin [M0351611]
  
• Myprozine [M0016867]
  
• Mysoline [M0017581]
  
• Mytelase [M0432329]
  
• N(10)-Formyltetrahydrofolate [M0008776]
  
• N(5)-Formyltetrahydrofolate [M0004521]
  
• N,N-Diethyl-2,5-dimethylbenzamide [M0005745]
  
• N,N-Dimethyltryptamine [M0006467]
  An N-methylated indoleamine derivative, a serotonergic hallucinogen found in several plants, especially Prestonia amazonica (Apocynaceae) and in mammalian brain, blood, and urine. It apparently acts as an agonist at some types of serotonin receptors and an antagonist at others.
  
• N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-trans-Retinamide [M0026292]
  
• n-Butane-1,3-di(methylsulfonate) [M0003080]
  
• N-Lost [M0351946]
  
• N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine [M0028171]
  An N-substituted amphetamine analog. It is a widely abused drug classified as a hallucinogen and causes marked, long-lasting changes in brain serotonergic systems. It is commonly referred to as MDMA or ecstasy.
  
• N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine Hydrochloride [M0329175]
  
• N-Methylbenztropine [M0045518]
  
• N-Methylscine Methylsulfate [M0029436]
  
• N-Methylscopolamine [M0029432]
  A muscarinic antagonist used to study binding characteristics of muscarinic cholinergic receptors.
  
• N-Methylscopolamine Bromide [M0329031]
  
• N-Methylscopolamine Iodide [M0329034]
  
• N-Methylscopolamine Methylchloride [M0029440]
  
• N-Methylscopolamine Methylsulfate [M0329032]
  
• N-Methylscopolamine Nitrate [M0329033]
  
• N-Nitrosopyrrolidine [M0014402]
  Carcinogenic nitrosamine that may be formed from preservatives in meats during their preparation or in the liver during metabolism.
  
• N2-Acetyl-S-Nitroso-D,L-Penicillinaminamide [M0119950]
  
• NA-274 [M0002940]
  
• NA-872 [M0351186]
  
• NAB-365 [M0350504]
  
• Nadolol [M0014411]
  A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with a long half-life, used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. Nadolol is also used for MIGRAINE DISORDERS and for tremor.
  
• Nafazair [M0462944]
  
• Nafcil [M0014419]
  
• Nafcillin [M0014418]
  A semi-synthetic antibiotic related to penicillin.
  
• Nafcillin Sodium [M0330054]
  
• Nafenopin [M0014420]
  A peroxisome proliferator that is used experimentally to promote liver tumors. It has been used as an antihyperlipoproteinemic agent.
  
• Nafoxidine [M0014421]
  An estrogen antagonist that has been used in the treatment of breast cancer.
  
• Nafoxidine Hydrochloride [M0330055]
  
• Nafronyl [M0014423]
  A drug used in the management of peripheral and cerebral vascular disorders. It is claimed to enhance cellular oxidative capacity and to be a spasmolytic. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1310) It may also be an antagonist at 5HT-2 serotonin receptors.
  
• Nafronyloxalate [M0014424]
  
• nafti von ct [M0462787]
  
• Nafti-Puren [M0462788]
  
• Nafti-ratiopharm [M0462789]
  
• Naftilong [M0462790]
  
• Naftilux [M0462791]
  
• Naganin [M0351762]
  
• Naganol [M0351763]
  
• Nalbuphine [M0014433]
  A narcotic used as a pain medication. It appears to be an agonist at kappa opioid receptors and an antagonist or partial agonist at mu opioid receptors.
  
• Nalbuphine Hydrochloride [M0330056]
  
• Nalcrom [M0006579]
  
• Nalfon [M0351730]
  
• Nalgesic [M0351729]
  
• Nalidixate Sodium [M0014438]
  
• Nalidixic Acid [M0014437]
  A synthetic 1,8-naphthyridine antimicrobial agent with a limited bacteriocidal spectrum. It is an inhibitor of the A subunit of bacterial DNA GYRASE.
  
• Nalone [M0462822]
  
• Nalorphine [M0014439]
  A narcotic antagonist with some agonist properties. It is an antagonist at mu opioid receptors and an agonist at kappa opioid receptors. Given alone it produces a broad spectrum of unpleasant effects and it is considered to be clinically obsolete.
  
• Nalorphine Hydrobromide [M0330059]
  
• Nalorphine Hydrochloride [M0330061]
  
• Nalorphine, (14 alpha)-Isomer [M0330060]
  
• Nalorphine, L-tartrate (1:1) [M0330062]
  
• Naloxon Curamed [M0462823]
  
• Naloxon-ratiopharm [M0462824]
  
• Naloxone [M0014441]
  A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.
  
• Naloxone Abello [M0462825]
  
• Naloxone Hydrobromide [M0330063]
  
• Naloxone Hydrochloride [M0330064]
  
• Naloxone Hydrochloride Dihydride [M0330065]
  
• Naloxone Hydrochloride, (5 beta,9 alpha,13 alpha,14 alpha)-Isomer [M0330067]
  
• Naloxone Methylbromide [M0015683]
  
• Naloxone, (5 beta,9 alpha,13 alpha,14 alpha)-Isomer [M0330066]
  
• Naltrexone [M0014445]
  Derivative of noroxymorphone that is the N-cyclopropylmethyl congener of NALOXONE. It is a narcotic antagonist that is effective orally, longer lasting and more potent than naloxone, and has been proposed for the treatment of heroin addiction. The FDA has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.
  
• Naltrexone Hydrochloride [M0462922]
  
• Namenda [M0485380]
  
• Napaltan [M0012882]
  
• Naphazoline [M0014455]
  An adrenergic vasoconstrictor agent used as a decongestant.
  
• Naphazoline Hydrochloride [M0330068]
  
• Naphazoline Nitrate [M0462902]
  
• Naphcon [M0462949]
  
• Naphcon forte [M0462945]
  
• Naphthacenes [M0014457]
  Polyacenes with four ortho-fused benzene rings in a straight linear arrangement. This group is best known for the subclass called TETRACYCLINES.
  
• Naphthaleneacetic Acids [M0014458]
  Naphthalene derivatives containing the -CH2CCO2H radical at the 1-position, the 2-position, or both. Compounds are used as plant growth regulators to delay sprouting, exert weed control, thin fruit, etc.
  
• Naphthalenes [M0014459]
  Two-ring crystalline hydrocarbons isolated from coal tar. They are used as intermediates in chemical synthesis, as insect repellents, fungicides, lubricants, preservatives, and, formerly, as topical antiseptics.
  
• Naphthalenesulfonates [M0014460]
  A class of organic compounds that contains a naphthalene moiety linked to a sulfonic acid salt or ester.
  
• Naphthalimides [M0495167]
  Compounds with three fused rings that appear like a naphthalene fused to piperidone or like a benz(de)isoquinoline-1,3-dione (not to be confused with BENZYLISOQUINOLINES which have a methyl separating the naphthyl from the benzyl rings). Members are CYTOTOXINS.
  
• Naphthazarins [M0445664]
  
• Naphthols [M0014462]
  Naphthalene derivatives carrying one or more hydroxyl (-OH) groups at any ring position. They are often used in dyes and pigments, as antioxidants for rubber, fats, and oils, as insecticides, in pharmaceuticals, and in numerous other applications.
  
• Naphthoquinones [M0014463]
  Naphthalene rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.
  
• Naphthylvinylpyridine [M0014464]
  4(1-Naphthylvinyl)pyridine hydrochloride. Cholinesterase inhibitor. Synonym: YuB 25.
  
• Naphthyridines [M0014465]
  
• Naphuride [M0351764]
  
• Naprosin [M0014469]
  
• Naproxen [M0014467]
  An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.
  
• Naqua [M0353611]
  
• Narcan [M0014443]
  
• Narcaricin [M0459466]
  
• Narcotan [M0351861]
  
• Nardelzine [M0474763]
  
• Nardil [M0016503]
  
• Narone [M0372396]
  
• Narphen [M0474745]
  
• Nasalcrom [M0361528]
  
• Natamycin [M0016866]
  Amphoteric macrolide antifungal antibiotic from Streptomyces natalensis or S. chattanoogensis. It is used for a variety of fungal infections, mainly topically.
  
• Natriuretic Agents [M0447666]
  Endogenous or exogenous chemicals that regulate the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in the body. They consist of peptides and non-peptide compounds.
  
• Natriuretic Hormones [M0447665]
  Endogenous chemicals that regulate the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in the body, such as the NATRIURETIC PEPTIDES.
  
• Natulan [M0017617]
  
• Naturetin [M0362009]
  
• Nausicalm [M0485149]
  
• Nauzelin [M0492501]
  
• Navane [M0354235]
  
• Naxogin [M0352080]
  
• Nealorin [M0477270]
  
• NebuPent [M0474058]
  
• Nedeltran [M0431990]
  
• Nedocromil [M0026945]
  A pyranoquinolone derivative that inhibits activation of inflammatory cells which are associated with ASTHMA, including eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, mast cells, monocytes, and platelets.
  
• Nedocromil Calcium [M0329235]
  
• Nedocromil Sodium [M0329237]
  
• Nedocromil, Disodium salt, Hydrate [M0329236]
  
• Nefopam [M0014549]
  Non-narcotic analgesic chemically similar to ORPHENADRINE. Its mechanism of action is unclear. It is used for the relief of acute and chronic pain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p26)
  
• Nefopam Hydrochloride [M0014548]
  
• Nelfinavir [M0029531]
  A potent HIV protease inhibitor. It is used in combination with other antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV in both adults and children.
  
• Nelfinavir Mesylate [M0329047]
  
• N�maprol [M0433382]
  
• Nembutal [M0369492]
  
• Neo Artrol [M0478664]
  
• Neo Tomizol [M0477263]
  
• Neo-Cobefrin [M0013655]
  
• Neo-Gilurytmal [M0017432]
  
• Neo-NaClex [M0459373]
  
• Neo-Synephrine [M0016558]
  
• Neo-Thyreostat [M0477264]
  
• Neobes [M0432394]
  
• Neocarbo [M0477271]
  
• Neofomiral [M0478568]
  
• neogama [M0475985]
  
• Neogluconin [M0352372]
  
• Neolignans [M0026770]
  
• Neomercazole [M0353208]
  
• Neoprene [M0014614]
  An oil-resistant synthetic rubber made by the polymerization of chloroprene.
  
• Neopterin [M0029376]
  A pteridine derivative present in body fluids; elevated levels result from immune system activation, malignant disease, allograft rejection, and viral infections. (From Stedman, 26th ed) Neopterin also serves as a precursor in the biosynthesis of biopterin.
  
• Neopterin, (erythro-D)-Isomer [M0329119]
  
• Neopterin, (erythro-L)-Isomer [M0329121]
  
• Neopterin, (R*, R*)-Isomer [M0329122]
  
• Neopterin, (threo-D)-Isomer [M0329118]
  
• Neopterin, (threo-L)-Isomer [M0329120]
  
• Neostigmine [M0014615]
  A cholinesterase inhibitor used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the effects of muscle relaxants such as gallamine and tubocurarine. Neostigmine, unlike PHYSOSTIGMINE, does not cross the blood-brain barrier.
  
• Neostigmine Bromide [M0351163]
  
• Neostigmine Methylsulfate [M0014616]
  
• Neothylline [M0485295]
  
• Neoxazoi [M0350933]
  
• Nephrotest [M0015717]
  
• Nepresol [M0010677]
  
• Neptal [M0431314]
  
• Nesdonal [M0021366]
  
• Neur-Amyl [M0433378]
  
• Neuraminic Acids [M0014688]
  
• Neurosine [M0465829]
  
• Neurotol [M0354008]
  
• Neutral Red [M0014778]
  A vital dye used as an indicator and biological stain. Various adverse effects have been observed in biological systems.
  
• Nevigramon [M0353774]
  
• Nexium [M0427369]
  Esomeprazole trade name.
  
• NIA-10242 [M0351483]
  
• NIA-33297 [M0056341]
  
• Niacin [M0014807]
  A water-soluble vitamin of the B complex occurring in various animal and plant tissues. It is required by the body for the formation of coenzymes NAD and NADP. It has PELLAGRA-curative, vasodilating, and antilipemic properties.
  
• Niacin Aluminum Salt [M0329944]
  
• Niacin Ammonium Salt [M0329948]
  
• Niacin Calcium Salt [M0329955]
  
• Niacin Cobalt (2+) Salt [M0329945]
  
• Niacin Copper (2+) Salt [M0329947]
  
• Niacin Hydrochloride [M0329953]
  
• Niacin Iron (2+) Salt [M0329941]
  
• Niacin Lithium Salt [M0329951]
  
• Niacin Lithium Salt, Hemihydrate [M0329942]
  
• Niacin Magnesium Salt [M0329954]
  
• Niacin Manganese (2+) Salt [M0329946]
  
• Niacin Potassium Salt [M0329943]
  
• Niacin Sodium Salt [M0329952]
  
• Niacin Tartrate [M0329949]
  
• Niacin Tosylate [M0329956]
  
• Niacin Zinc Salt [M0329950]
  
• Niacinamide [M0014833]
  An important compound functioning as a component of the coenzyme NAD. Its primary significance is in the prevention and/or cure of blacktongue and PELLAGRA. Most animals cannot manufacture this compound in amounts sufficient to prevent nutritional deficiency and it therefore must be supplemented through dietary intake.
  
• Nialamide [M0014817]
  An MAO inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent.
  
• Nicamin [M0014812]
  
• Nicarbazin [M0014819]
  An equimolar complex of 4,4'-Dinitrocarbanilide and 2-Hydroxy-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine. A coccidiostat for poultry.
  
• Nicardipine [M0014820]
  A potent calcium channel blockader with marked vasodilator action. It has antihypertensive properties and is effective in the treatment of angina and coronary spasms without showing cardiodepressant effects. It has also been used in the treatment of asthma and enhances the action of specific antineoplastic agents.
  
• Nicardipine Hydrochloride [M0463037]
  
• Nicardipine LA [M0014821]
  
• Nicardipino Ratiopharm [M0463050]
  
• Nicardipino Seid [M0463034]
  
• Nicef [M0477838]
  
• Nicergobeta [M0463058]
  
• Nicergolin Atid [M0463059]
  
• Nicergolin Lindo [M0463060]
  
• nicergolin von ct [M0463062]
  
• Nicergolin-neuraxpharm [M0463063]
  
• Nicergolin-ratiopharm [M0463064]
  
• Nicergolin-TEVA [M0463065]
  
• Nicergoline [M0014823]
  An ergot derivative that has been used as a cerebral vasodilator and in peripheral vascular disease. It has been suggested to ameliorate cognitive deficits in cerebrovascular disease.
  
• Niceritrol [M0014824]
  An ester of nicotinic acid that lowers cholesterol and triglycerides in total plasma and in the VLD- and LD-lipoprotein fractions.
  
• Niceritrol Tetrahydrochloride [M0329957]
  
• Nicerium [M0463066]
  
• Niclocide [M0350859]
  
• Niclofolan [M0014826]
  Proposed fasciolacide. Synonyms: Dertil; Bilevon; Bay 9015.
  
• Niclosamide [M0014827]
  An antihelmintic that is active against most tapeworms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p48)
  
• Niclosamide, 2-Aminoethanol (1:1) [M0329958]
  
• Nico-400 [M0014813]
  
• Nicobid [M0014811]
  
• Nicobion [M0463086]
  
• Nicocap [M0014814]
  
• Nicolar [M0014815]
  
• Nicomethanol Hydrofluoride [M0014840]
  
• Nicorandil [M0029846]
  A derivative of the NIACINAMIDE that is structurally combined with an organic nitrate. It is a potassium-channel opener that causes vasodilatation of arterioles and large coronary arteries. Its nitrate-like properties produce venous vasodilation through stimulation of guanylate cyclase.
  
• Nicotinate [M0014808]
  
• Nicotine [M0014836]
  Nicotine is highly toxic alkaloid. It is the prototypical agonist at nicotinic cholinergic receptors where it dramatically stimulates neurons and ultimately blocks synaptic transmission. Nicotine is also important medically because of its presence in tobacco smoke.
  
• Nicotine Bitartrate [M0014837]
  
• Nicotine Tartrate [M0014838]
  
• Nicotinic Acids [M0014839]
  2-, 3-, or 4-Pyridinecarboxylic acids. Pyridine derivatives substituted with a carboxy group at the 2-, 3-, or 4-position. The 3-carboxy derivative (NIACIN) is active as a vitamin.
  
• Nicotins�ureamid Jenapharm [M0463087]
  
• Nicotinyl Alcohol [M0014841]
  A direct-acting peripheral vasodilator that causes flushing and may decrease blood pressure. It is used in vasospasm and threatened gangrene.
  
• Nicotinyltartrate [M0014842]
  
• Nidrel [M0463341]
  
• Nifangin [M0369475]
  
• Nifedipine [M0014847]
  A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.
  
• Nifedipine Monohydrochloride [M0329959]
  
• Nifedipine-GTIS [M0369482]
  
• Niflactol [M0463091]
  
• Niflugel [M0463092]
  
• Niflumic Acid [M0014850]
  An analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
  
• Nifluril [M0362050]
  
• Nifuratel [M0014851]
  Local antiprotozoal and antifungal agent that may also be given orally.
  
• Nifurtimox [M0014852]
  Possibly effective against parasites. Synonyms: Lampit; Bayer 2502.
  
• Nigericin [M0014855]
  A polyether antibiotic which affects ion transport and ATPase activity in mitochondria. It is produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Nigrin [M0361650]
  
• NIH-10567 [M0352863]
  
• Nikethamide [M0014858]
  A CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULANT. It was formerly used in the treatment of barbiturate overdose but is now considered to be of no value for such purposes and may be dangerous. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1229)
  
• Nilstat [M0015153]
  
• Nilverm [M0021245]
  
• Nimodipin Hexal [M0463284]
  
• Nimodipin-ISIS [M0463285]
  
• Nimodipine [M0014859]
  A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.
  
• Nimodipino Bayvit [M0463286]
  
• Nimorazole [M0014861]
  An antitrichomonal agent which is effective either topically or orally and whose urinary metabolites are also trichomonicidal.
  
• Nimotop [M0014860]
  
• Nimustine [M0023686]
  Antineoplastic agent especially effective against malignant brain tumors. The resistance which brain tumor cells acquire to the initial effectiveness of this drug can be partially overcome by the simultaneous use of membrane-modifying agents such as reserpine, calcium antagonists such as nicardipine or verapamil, or the calmodulin inhibitor, trifluoperazine. The drug has also been used in combination with other antineoplastic agents or with radiotherapy for the treatment of various neoplasms.
  
• Ninhydrin [M0014862]
  2,2-Dihydroxy-1H-indene-1,3-(2H)-dione. Reagent toxic to skin and mucus membranes. It is used in chemical assay for peptide bonds, i.e., protein determinations and has radiosensitizing properties.
  
• Niopam [M0353499]
  
• Nipantiox 1-F [M0351793]
  
• Nipecotic Acids [M0014864]
  
• Nirason [M0474052]
  
• Niridazole [M0014868]
  An antischistosomal agent that has become obsolete.
  
• Nisentil [M0000799]
  
• Nisoldipine [M0024120]
  A dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist that acts as a potent arterial vasodilator and antihypertensive agent. It is also effective in patients with cardiac failure and angina.
  
• Nistaken [M0476000]
  
• Nitoman [M0476241]
  
• Nitracrine [M0014872]
  Acridine antineoplastic agent used in mammary and ovarian tumors. It inhibits RNA synthesis.
  
• Nitrangin [M0009433]
  
• Nitrated Compounds [M0495066]
  
• Nitrazep [M0476764]
  
• Nitrazepam [M0014875]
  A benzodiazepine derivative used as an anticonvulsant and hypnotic.
  
• Nitrazepam AL [M0476762]
  
• Nitrazepam-neuraxpharm [M0476763]
  
• Nitre AbZ [M0463344]
  
• Nitre-Puren [M0463345]
  
• Nitregamma [M0463346]
  
• Nitren 1A Pharma [M0463347]
  
• Nitren acis [M0463348]
  
• Nitren Lich [M0463349]
  
• Nitrend KSK [M0463355]
  
• Nitrendepat [M0463356]
  
• Nitrendi Biochemie [M0463357]
  
• Nitrendidoc [M0463358]
  
• Nitrendimerck [M0463359]
  
• Nitrendipin AL [M0463361]
  
• Nitrendipin Apogepha [M0463362]
  
• Nitrendipin Atid [M0463363]
  
• Nitrendipin Basics [M0463364]
  
• Nitrendipin beta [M0463374]
  
• Nitrendipin Heumann [M0463375]
  
• Nitrendipin Jenapharm [M0463376]
  
• Nitrendipin Lindo [M0463377]
  
• Nitrendipin Stada [M0463382]
  
• nitrendipin von ct [M0463383]
  
• nitrendipin-corax [M0463384]
  
• Nitrendipine [M0014876]
  A calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It is an effective antihypertensive agent and differs from other calcium channel blockers in that it does not reduce glomerular filtration rate and is mildly natriuretic, rather than sodium retentive.
  
• Nitrendipino Bayvit [M0463394]
  
• Nitrendipino Ratiopharm [M0463393]
  
• Nitrensal [M0463395]
  
• Nitrepress [M0463396]
  
• Nitriles [M0014878]
  Organic compounds containing the -CN radical. The concept is distinguished from CYANIDES, which denotes inorganic salts of HYDROGEN CYANIDE.
  
• Nitrilotriacetic Acid [M0014881]
  A derivative of acetic acid, N(CH2COOH)3. It is a complexing (sequestering) agent that forms stable complexes with Zn2+. (From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed.)
  
• Nitro Compounds [M0014885]
  Compounds having the nitro group, -NO2, attached to carbon. When attached to nitrogen they are nitramines and attached to oxygen they are NITRATES.
  
• Nitro-Bid [M0009434]
  
• Nitro-Dur [M0009427]
  
• Nitroarginine [M0028783]
  An inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase which has been shown to prevent glutamate toxicity. Nitroarginine has been experimentally tested for its ability to prevent ammonia toxicity and ammonia-induced alterations in brain energy and ammonia metabolites. (Neurochem Res 1995:200(4):451-6)
  
• Nitrobenzenes [M0014889]
  
• Nitrobenzoates [M0014890]
  Benzoic acid or benzoic acid esters substituted with one or more nitro groups.
  
• Nitroblue Tetrazolium [M0014891]
  Colorless to yellow dye that is reducible to blue or black formazan crystals by certain cells; formerly used to distinguish between nonbacterial and bacterial diseases, the latter causing neutrophils to reduce the dye; used to confirm diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease.
  
• Nitrocard [M0009435]
  
• Nitrocellulose [M0004801]
  
• Nitroderm [M0009436]
  
• Nitroderm TTS [M0009437]
  
• Nitrodex [M0474053]
  
• Nitrofurans [M0014892]
  
• Nitrofurantoin [M0014893]
  A urinary anti-infective agent effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Although sulfonamides and antibiotics are usually the agents of choice for urinary tract infections, nitrofurantoin is widely used for prophylaxis and long-term suppression.
  
• Nitrofurantoin Sodium Salt [M0329961]
  
• Nitrofurantoin, Monohydrate [M0329960]
  
• Nitrofurazone [M0014896]
  A topical anti-infective agent effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It is used for superficial wounds, burns, ulcers, and skin infections. Nitrofurazone has also been administered orally in the treatment of trypanosomiasis.
  
• Nitrofurazone, Calcium (2:1) Salt [M0329962]
  
• Nitrogen Mustard Compounds [M0014901]
  A group of alkylating agents derived from mustard gas, with the sulfur replaced by nitrogen. They were formerly used as toxicants and vesicants, but now function as antineoplastic agents. These compounds are also powerful mutagens, teratogens, immunosuppressants, and carcinogens.
  
• Nitroglycerin [M0009426]
  A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium.
  
• Nitroglyn [M0009438]
  
• Nitrogranulogen [M0013170]
  
• Nitrohydroxyiodophenylacetate [M0014906]
  Also called 4-hydroxy-3-iodo-5-nitrophenylacetate. A haptenic determinant that can be radiolabeled and used as salts and derivatives for investigations of immunogenic specificity studies.
  
• Nitroimidazoles [M0014907]
  
• Nitrol [M0009439]
  
• Nitrolan [M0009440]
  
• Nitromifene [M0014908]
  A non-steroidal estrogen antagonist (as the 1:1 citrate) most commonly used as a research tool in animal studies.
  
• Nitromifene Citrate [M0369483]
  
• Nitromifene Citrate (1:1) [M0329964]
  
• Nitromifene, (E)-Isomer [M0329965]
  
• Nitromifene, (Z)-Isomer [M0329963]
  
• Nitromin [M0013172]
  
• Nitrong [M0009441]
  
• Nitroparaffins [M0014910]
  
• Nitrophenols [M0014911]
  
• Nitroquinolines [M0014918]
  Quinolines substituted in any position by one or more nitro groups.
  
• Nitrosamines [M0014920]
  A class of compounds that contain a -NH2 and a -NO radical. Many members of this group have carcinogenic and mutagenic properties.
  
• Nitroso Compounds [M0014921]
  
• Nitrosoguanidines [M0014922]
  
• Nitrosomethylurethane [M0014923]
  An alkylating carcinogen that produces gastrointestinal and probably lung and nervous system tumors.
  
• Nitrosourea Compounds [M0014925]
  
• Nitrospan [M0009442]
  
• Nitrostat [M0009443]
  
• Nitrovin [M0014928]
  An antibacterial growth promoter used in animal feeds.
  
• Nitroxinil [M0014929]
  Proposed anthelmintic for fasciola and liver fluke infestations.
  
• Nitrumon [M0352089]
  
• Nittifor [M0056350]
  
• Nivaline [M0008952]
  
• Nivaquine [M0004183]
  
• Nizatidine [M0025273]
  A histamine H2 receptor antagonist with low toxicity that inhibits gastric acid secretion. The drug is used for the treatment of duodenal ulcers.
  
• Nizoral [M0011988]
  
• No Doz [M0003139]
  
• Nobecutan [M0021390]
  
• Nobesine [M0432395]
  
• Nobrium [M0353506]
  
• Nocodazole [M0024123]
  Nocodazole is an antineoplastic agent which exerts its effect by depolymerizing microtubules.
  
• Noctec [M0004115]
  
• Nogalamycin [M0014939]
  An anthrocycline from a Streptomyces nogalater variant. It is a cytolytic antineoplastic that inhibits DNA-dependent RNA synthesis by binding to DNA.
  
• Nolvadex [M0373247]
  
• Nomifensine [M0014947]
  An isoquinoline derivative that prevents dopamine reuptake into synaptosomes. The maleate was formerly used in the treatment of depression. It was withdrawn worldwide in 1986 due to the risk of acute hemolytic anemia with intravascular hemolysis resulting from its use. In some cases, renal failure also developed. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p266)
  
• Nomifensine Maleate [M0353764]
  
• Nonachlazine [M0014949]
  Coronary vasodilator with a novel mechanism of action; proposed as antianginal agent.
  
• Nonoxynol [M0026036]
  Nonionic surfactant mixtures varying in the number of repeating ethoxy (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) groups. They are used as detergents, emulsifiers, wetting agents, defoaming agents, etc. Nonoxynol-9, the compound with 9 repeating ethoxy groups, is a spermatocide, formulated primarily as a component of vaginal foams and creams.
  
• Nonoxynol, 1(4)-Sulfate, Sodium Salt [M0329329]
  
• Nonoxynol, 4-Sulfate, Ammonium Salt [M0329328]
  
• Nonoxynol-9 [M0026039]
  
• Nootropil [M0016892]
  
• Noradr�naline tartrate renaudin [M0463951]
  
• Noramidopyrine Methanesulfonate [M0006538]
  
• Norbornanes [M0014960]
  
• Nordaz [M0476799]
  
• Nordazepam [M0005804]
  An intermediate in the metabolism of DIAZEPAM to OXAZEPAM. It may have actions similar to those of diazepam.
  
• Nordefrin [M0013653]
  A norepinephrine derivative used as a vasoconstrictor agent.
  
• Nordefrin Hydrochloride [M0330074]
  
• Nordefrin Hydrochloride, (R*,R*)-(+,-)-Isomer [M0330011]
  
• Nordefrin Hydrochloride, (R*,S*)-(+,-)-Isomer [M0330018]
  
• Nordefrin Tartrate, (R*,R*), (R*,R*) Isomer [M0330016]
  
• Nordefrin Tartrate, (R*,S*), (R*,R*) Isomer [M0330015]
  
• Nordefrin, (R*,R*)-Isomer [M0330010]
  
• Nordefrin, (R*,S*)-Isomer [M0330020]
  
• Nordexfendluramine [M0014979]
  
• Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid [M0014961]
  A potent lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism. The compound also inhibits formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, carboxylesterase, and cyclooxygenase to a lesser extent. It also serves as an antioxidant in fats and oils.
  
• Norditerpenes [M0449328]
  
• Norepinephrin d-Tartrate (1:1) [M0329973]
  
• Norepinephrine [M0014964]
  Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.
  
• Norepinephrine Bitartrate [M0329978]
  
• Norepinephrine Hydrochloride [M0329974]
  
• Norepinephrine Hydrochloride, (+)-Isomer [M0329976]
  
• Norepinephrine Hydrochloride, (+,-)-Isomer [M0329979]
  
• Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), (+,-)-Isomer [M0329975]
  
• Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), Monohydrate [M0329977]
  
• Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), Monohydrate, (+)-Isomer [M0329980]
  
• Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:2) [M0329983]
  
• Norepinephrine l-Tartrate, (+)-Isomer [M0329982]
  
• Norepinephrine, (+)-Isomer [M0329972]
  
• Norepinephrine, (+,-)-Isomer [M0329971]
  
• Norfenazin [M0464776]
  
• Norfenfluramine [M0014978]
  A FENFLURAMINE analog that inhibits serotonin uptake and may provoke release of serotonin. It is used as an appetite depressant and an experimental tool in animal studies.
  
• Norferan [M0477646]
  
• Norflex [M0015459]
  
• Norflex Orphenadrine Citrate [M0352762]
  
• Norfloxacin [M0014980]
  A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.
  
• Norisodrine [M0350513]
  
• Norisoprenoids [M0449340]
  Thirteen-carbon butene cyclohexene degradation products formed by the cleavage of CAROTENOIDS. They contribute to the flavor of some FRUIT. Ionone should not be confused with the similarly named ionol.
  
• Norkotral Tema [M0476081]
  
• Normelubrine [M0006537]
  
• Normetanephrine [M0014988]
  A methylated metabolite of norepinephrine that is excreted in the urine and found in certain tissues. It is a marker for tumors.
  
• Normison [M0476080]
  
• Normitab [M0476089]
  
• Normodyne [M0012100]
  
• Norpace [M0369573]
  
• Norpramin [M0485024]
  
• Nortem [M0476090]
  
• Nortrilen [M0464777]
  
• Nortriptyline [M0015002]
  A metabolite of AMITRIPTYLINE that is also used as an antidepressive agent. Nortriptyline is used in major depression, dysthymia, and atypical depressions.
  
• Nortriptyline Hydrochloride [M0350572]
  
• Nortropanes [M0015004]
  
• Norvasc [M0026286]
  
• Norvir [M0028919]
  
• Noscapect [M0464786]
  
• Noscapine [M0015008]
  A naturally occurring opium alkaloid that is a centrally acting antitussive agent.
  
• Noscapine Hydrochloride [M0464788]
  
• Noscapine Hydrogen Embonate [M0015009]
  
• Notezine [M0485053]
  
• Novalgetol [M0372395]
  
• Novalgin [M0372394]
  
• Novalsan [M0350943]
  
• Novaminsulfone [M0390983]
  
• Novamobarb [M0433372]
  
• Novanox [M0476765]
  
• Novantrone [M0013955]
  
• Novapirina [M0006291]
  
• Novaruca [M0483116]
  
• Noviben [M0372311]
  
• Novidium [M0354091]
  
• Novo-Acebutolol [M0431315]
  
• Novo-Alprazol [M0432033]
  
• Novo-Benzydamine [M0477226]
  
• Novo-Buspirone [M0465830]
  
• Novo-Desipramine [M0485023]
  
• Novo-Diflunisal [M0485067]
  
• Novo-Dipiradol [M0485234]
  
• Novo-Domperidone [M0492500]
  
• Novo-Fenofibrate [M0478160]
  
• Novo-Flurprofen [M0478665]
  
• Novo-Flutamide [M0482804]
  
• Novo-Fluvoxamine [M0482919]
  
• Novo-Gliclazide [M0483100]
  
• Novo-Levobunolol [M0463367]
  
• Novo-Lorazem [M0464809]
  
• Novo-Maprotiline [M0474724]
  
• Novo-Mexiletine [M0474271]
  
• Novo-Moclobemide [M0474425]
  
• Novo-Nortriptyline [M0464778]
  
• Novo-Sertraline [M0475549]
  
• Novo-Sundac [M0476027]
  
• Novo-Temazepam [M0476091]
  
• Novo-Trazodone [M0476873]
  
• Novobetaine [M0460097]
  
• Novocain [M0475890]
  
• Novocainamide [M0352445]
  
• Novocaine [M0017614]
  
• Novocamid [M0017607]
  
• Novodrin [M0350512]
  
• Novophyllin [M0351371]
  
• Novoprotect [M0433233]
  
• Novopurol [M0451709]
  
• Novothyral [M0070173]
  
• Novozir [M0023140]
  
• Noxiron [M0373001]
  
• Noxyflex-S [M0015025]
  
• Noxythiolin [M0015024]
  Local antibacterial that probably acts by releasing formaldehyde in aqueous solutions. It is used for irrigation of infected body cavities - bladder, peritoneum, etc. and as a spray for burns.
  
• NP-27 [M0476672]
  
• NRDC-143 [M0056342]
  
• NRDC-147 [M0056343]
  
• NSC 245382 [M0352097]
  
• NSC-10107 [M0351948]
  
• NSC-1149 [M0373522]
  
• NSC-125973 [M0352957]
  
• NSC-129943 [M0363545]
  
• NSC-141549 [M0001040]
  
• NSC-145,668 [M0376273]
  
• NSC-156303 [M0001041]
  
• NSC-169780 [M0363574]
  
• NSC-180,024 [M0003574]
  
• NSC-208734 [M0350661]
  
• NSC-234714 [M0351964]
  
• NSC-238159 [M0353563]
  
• NSC-23909 [M0352096]
  
• NSC-241240 [M0328875]
  
• NSC-245467 [M0022682]
  
• NSC-249008 [M0353849]
  
• NSC-249992 [M0372295]
  
• NSC-256439 [M0350672]
  
• NSC-256942 [M0350669]
  
• NSC-269148 [M0351725]
  
• NSC-26980 [M0353141]
  
• NSC-279836 [M0350510]
  
• NSC-287836 [M0350518]
  
• NSC-299195 [M0013956]
  
• NSC-301467 [M0352076]
  
• NSC-301739 [M0350519]
  
• NSC-301739D [M0350511]
  
• NSC-3088 [M0372321]
  
• NSC-322921 [M0353557]
  
• NSC-328564 [M0353848]
  
• NSC-32946 [M0350966]
  
• NSC-3364 [M0351805]
  
• NSC-351140 [M0351963]
  
• NSC-45383 [M0352655]
  
• NSC-45388 [M0352398]
  
• NSC-46015 [M0373884]
  
• NSC-529592 [M0373915]
  
• NSC-55926 [M0352031]
  
• NSC-609699 [M0352658]
  
• NSC-64393 [M0023925]
  
• NSC-71047 [M0354223]
  
• NSC-762 [M0013176]
  
• NSC-79037 [M0373554]
  
• NSC-82151 [M0350663]
  
• NSC-89671 [M0352003]
  
• NSC-95441 [M0352090]
  
• NSC-B116209 [M0373874]
  
• NSD-1055 [M0352314]
  
• Nu-Alpraz [M0432034]
  
• Nu-Buspirone [M0465831]
  
• Nu-Desipramine [M0485022]
  
• Nu-Diflunisal [M0485068]
  
• Nu-Domperidone [M0492513]
  
• Nu-Fenofibrate [M0478177]
  
• Nu-Flurbiprofen [M0478666]
  
• Nu-Fluvoxamine [M0482920]
  
• Nu-Loraz [M0464810]
  
• Nu-Mefenamic [M0473924]
  
• Nu-Megestrol [M0473937]
  
• Nu-Moclobemide [M0474426]
  
• Nu-Nortriptyline [M0464779]
  
• Nu-Pravastatin [M0475490]
  
• Nu-Sulfinpyrazone [M0475943]
  
• Nu-Sulindac [M0476028]
  
• Nu-Temazepam [M0476092]
  
• Nu-Trazodone [M0476874]
  
• Nubain [M0014434]
  
• Nuctalon [M0485327]
  
• Nuelin S.A. [M0021288]
  
• Nulogyl [M0352079]
  
• Numorphan [M0015685]
  
• Nupercainal [M0350886]
  
• Nupercaine [M0350885]
  
• Nuprin [M0010972]
  
• Nuva-Seal [M0361922]
  
• Nycodenz [M0351688]
  
• Nylidrin [M0015132]
  A beta-adrenergic agonist. Nylidrin causes peripheral vasodilation, a positive inotropic effect, and increased gastric volume of gastric juice. It is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disorders and premature labor.
  
• Nylidrin Hydrochloride [M0015133]
  
• Nylons [M0015134]
  Polymers where the main polymer chain comprises recurring amide groups. These compounds are generally formed from combinations of diamines, diacids, and amino acids and yield fibers, sheeting, or extruded forms used in textiles, gels, filters, sutures, contact lenses, and other biomaterials.
  
• Nystatin [M0015146]
  Macrolide antifungal antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces noursei, S. aureus, and other Streptomyces species. The biologically active components of the complex are nystatin A1, A2, and A3.
  
• Nystatin A1 [M0015149]
  
• Nystatin A2 [M0015150]
  
• Nystatin A3 [M0015147]
  
• Nystatin G [M0015148]
  
• o-Aminoazotoluene [M0015156]
  An azo dye with carcinogenic properties.
  
• o-Chlorobenzylidenemalonitrile [M0015157]
  A riot control agent which causes temporary irritation of the eyes and the mucosal surface of the respiratory tract. It is a more potent irritant than OMEGA-CHLOROACETOPHENONE, but less incapacitating.
  
• o-Phthalaldehyde [M0015158]
  A reagent that forms fluorescent conjugation products with primary amines. It is used for the detection of many biogenic amines, peptides, and proteins in nanogram quantities in body fluids.
  
• Obidoxime [M0015163]
  
• Obidoxime Chloride [M0015162]
  Cholinesterase reactivator occurring in two interchangeable isomeric forms, syn and anti.
  
• Obsidan [M0350580]
  
• Oc�coxil [M0467628]
  
• Ochratoxins [M0015206]
  Isocoumarins found in ASPERGILLUS OCHRACEUS and other FUNGI. Ochratoxin contaminated FOOD has been responsible for cases of FOOD POISONING.
  
• Octanes [M0015209]
  Eight-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives.
  
• Octocaine [M0350847]
  
• Octopamine [M0014995]
  An alpha-adrenergic sympathomimetic amine, biosynthesized from tyramine in the CNS and platelets and also in invertebrate nervous systems. It is used to treat hypotension and as a cardiotonic. The natural D(-) form is more potent than the L(+) form in producing cardiovascular adrenergic responses. It is also a neurotransmitter in some invertebrates.
  
• Octoxynol [M0026938]
  Nonionic surfactant mixtures varying in the number of repeating ethoxy (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) groups. They are used as detergents, emulsifiers, wetting agents, defoaming agents, etc. Octoxynol-9, the compound with 9 repeating ethoxy groups, is a spermatocide.
  
• Octoxynol-9 [M0026939]
  
• Ocufen [M0478670]
  
• Oculotect [M0475337]
  
• Ocusert [M0016859]
  
• Odiston [M0351683]
  
• Oestrasid [M0352325]
  
• Ofloxacin [M0023430]
  A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.
  
• Ofloxacin Hydrochloride [M0329515]
  
• OK-432 [M0373873]
  
• Okadaic Acid [M0028765]
  A specific inhibitor of phosphoserine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 and 2a. It is also a potent tumor promoter. (Thromb Res 1992;67(4):345-54 & Cancer Res 1993;53(2):239-41)
  
• Oleandocetin [M0352039]
  
• Oleandomycin [M0015246]
  Antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces antibioticus.
  
• Oleandomycin Phosphate [M0015247]
  
• Oleanolic Acid [M0015248]
  Occurs in leaves of Olea europaea, Viscum album L., and other higher plants. It is also the aglycone component of many saponins.
  
• Oligomycins [M0015277]
  A closely related group of toxic substances elaborated by various strains of Streptomyces. They are 26-membered macrolides with lactone moieties and double bonds and inhibit various ATPases, causing uncoupling of phosphorylation from mitochondrial respiration. Used as tools in cytochemistry. Some specific oligomycins are RUTAMYCIN, peliomycin, and botrycidin (formerly venturicidin X).
  
• Olivomycins [M0015286]
  A mixture of several closely related glycosidic antibiotics obtained from Actinomyces (or Streptomyces) olivoreticuli. They are used as fluorescent dyes that bind to DNA and prevent both RNA and protein synthesis and are also used as antineoplastic agents.
  
• omega-Chloroacetophenone [M0004160]
  A potent eye, throat, and skin irritant. One of its uses is as a riot control agent.
  
• Omeprazole [M0015293]
  A highly effective inhibitor of gastric acid secretion used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits the H(+)-K(+)-ATPase (H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE) in the proton pump of GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.
  
• Omnipaque [M0351687]
  
• Omnipen [M0353702]
  
• Omnizole [M0353570]
  
• Omnopon [M0015343]
  
• Oncocarbide [M0352404]
  
• Oncosal [M0482904]
  
• Oncovin [M0022679]
  
• Ondansetron [M0026254]
  A competitive serotonin type 3 receptor antagonist. It is effective in the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, including cisplatin, and has reported anxiolytic and neuroleptic properties.
  
• Ondansetron Monohydrochloride [M0329262]
  
• Ondansetron Monohydrochloride Dihydrate [M0329259]
  
• Ondansetron, (+,-)-Isomer [M0329261]
  
• Ondansetron, (R)-Isomer [M0329264]
  
• Ondansetron, (S)-Isomer [M0329263]
  
• Ondogyne [M0352322]
  
• Onkocristin [M0476546]
  
• Onkodox [M0479797]
  
• Onkotrone [M0474353]
  
• Onxol [M0474880]
  
• Ony-Clear [M0476673]
  
• Opalgyne [M0477227]
  
• OPC-1085 [M0003564]
  
• OPC-2009 [M0026204]
  
• Operidine [M0352601]
  
• Operidine EPJ-I [M0013424]
  
• Ophthochlor [M0004126]
  
• Opiate Alkaloids [M0494990]
  Alkaloids found in OPIUM from PAPAVER that induce analgesic and narcotic effects by action upon OPIOID RECEPTORS.
  
• Opilon Brand of Moxisylyte Hydrochloride [M0474462]
  
• Opipramol [M0015335]
  A tricyclic antidepressant with actions similar to AMITRIPTYLINE.
  
• Opipramol Hydrochloride [M0329996]
  
• Opium [M0015344]
  The air-dried exudate from the unripe seed capsule of the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum, or its variant, P. album. It contains a number of alkaloids, but only a few - MORPHINE; CODEINE; and PAPAVERINE - have clinical significance. Opium has been used as an analgesic, antitussive, antidiarrheal, and antispasmodic.
  
• Optalgin [M0372393]
  
• Optazine [M0462897]
  
• Opticrom [M0006580]
  
• Optifluor Diba [M0478621]
  
• Optimil [M0474831]
  
• Optimol [M0021550]
  
• Or-pen [M0477240]
  
• OR-Tyl [M0477665]
  
• Orabet [M0476644]
  
• Oraldene [M0373017]
  
• Oraminic-2 [M0465099]
  
• Oramorph SR [M0369448]
  
• Oranil [M0352363]
  
• Orap [M0474774]
  
• Orchid Fresh II [M0459667]
  
• Orciprenaline [M0015386]
  A beta-adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of asthma and bronchospasms.
  
• Ordiflazine [M0353372]
  
• Oretic [M0373031]
  
• ORF-28489 [M0333652]
  
• Org GB 94 [M0013725]
  
• Organic Chemicals [M0015401]
  A broad class of substances containing carbon and its derivatives. Many of these chemicals will frequently contain hydrogen with or without oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and other elements. They exist in either carbon chain or carbon ring form.
  
• Organic Pigments [M0485281]
  Insoluble compounds that are not PIGMENTS, BIOLOGICAL.
  
• Organogold Compounds [M0476729]
  Organic compounds that contain GOLD as an integral part of the molecule. Some are used as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS. The term chrysotherapy derives from an ancient Greek term for gold.
  
• Organomercury Compounds [M0015419]
  Organic compounds which contain mercury as an integral part of the molecule.
  
• Organometallic Compounds [M0015420]
  A class of compounds of the type R-M, where a C atom is joined directly to any other element except H, C, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I, or At. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
  
• Organophosphates [M0468017]
  
• Organoplatinum Compounds [M0015422]
  Organic compounds which contain platinum as an integral part of the molecule.
  
• Organopyrophosphates [M0468018]
  
• Organopyrophosphorus Compounds [M0468019]
  
• Organoselenium Compounds [M0025272]
  Organic compounds which contain selenium as an integral part of the molecule.
  
• Organosilicon Compounds [M0026713]
  Organic compounds that contain silicon as an integral part of the molecule.
  
• Organotechnetium Compounds [M0023951]
  Organic compounds that contain technetium as an integral part of the molecule. These compounds are often used as radionuclide imaging agents.
  
• Organotin Compounds [M0015425]
  Organic compounds which contain tin in the molecule. Used widely in industry and agriculture.
  
• Orgatrax [M0010793]
  
• Orinapterin [M0002562]
  
• Orinase [M0352382]
  
• Oriprim [M0024013]
  
• ORLAAM [M0463270]
  
• Ornid [M0350983]
  
• Ornidazole [M0015428]
  A nitroimidazole antiprotozoal agent used in ameba and trichomonas infections. It is partially plasma-bound and also has radiation-sensitizing action.
  
• Ornidyl [M0000788]
  
• Orobronze [M0351959]
  
• Orotic Acid [M0015446]
  
• Orphenadrine [M0015454]
  A muscarinic antagonist used to treat drug-induced parkinsonism and to relieve pain from muscle spasm.
  
• Orphenadrine Citrate [M0015455]
  
• Orphenadrine Hydrochloride [M0329877]
  
• Orstanorm [M0354247]
  
• Ortacrone [M0433216]
  
• Ortho Dienestrol [M0477671]
  
• Orthofen [M0006292]
  
• Ortoton [M0474834]
  
• Orudis [M0011998]
  
• Oseltamivir [M0282076]
  An acetamido cyclohexene that is a structural homolog of SIALIC ACID and inhibits NEURAMINIDASE.
  
• Osmosin [M0011241]
  
• Osvan [M0350979]
  
• Oxa-Thia Crown Ethers [M0456964]
  
• Oxabenzochrysenones [M0471143]
  Phenylphenalenones with an oxygen linking the phenyl substituent with the phenalene core of the molecules.
  
• Oxacillin [M0015618]
  An antibiotic similar to FLUCLOXACILLIN used in resistant staphylococci infections.
  
• Oxacillin Sodium [M0329879]
  
• Oxacillin, Monosodium Salt, Monohydrate [M0329880]
  
• Oxadiazoles [M0015620]
  
• Oxalates [M0015622]
  Salts and esters of OXALIC ACID.
  
• Oxalic Acid [M0029413]
  A strong dicarboxylic acid occurring in many plants and vegetables. It is produced in the body by metabolism of glyoxylic acid or ascorbic acid. It is not metabolized but excreted in the urine. It is used as an analytical reagent and general reducing agent.
  
• Oxalic Acids [M0029414]
  Acids, salts, and derivatives of OXALIC ACID.
  
• Oxaloacetate [M0029990]
  An anionic form of oxaloacetic acid.
  
• Oxaloacetates [M0015632]
  Salts and esters of oxaloacetic acid.
  
• Oxaloacetic Acid [M0329072]
  
• Oxaloacetic Acids [M0029989]
  A class of ketodicarboxylic acids derived from oxalic acid. Oxaloacetic acid is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle and is converted to ASPARTIC ACID by a transamination reaction.
  
• Oxamniquine [M0015634]
  An anthelmintic with schistosomicidal activity against Schistosoma mansoni, but not against other Schistosoma spp. Oxamniquine causes worms to shift from the mesenteric veins to the liver where the male worms are retained; the female worms return to the mesentery, but can no longer release eggs. (From Martidale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed, p121)
  
• Oxandrin [M0350976]
  
• Oxathiins [M0015636]
  
• Oxazepam [M0015637]
  A benzodiazepine used in the treatment of anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and insomnia.
  
• Oxazepines [M0015638]
  
• Oxazines [M0015639]
  Six-membered heterocycles containing an oxygen and a nitrogen.
  
• Oxazocines [M0015640]
  One ring heterocyclic compounds defined by C6H7NO. Permitted are any degree of hydrogenation, any substituents and any ortho-fused or ortho-peri-fused ring systems.
  
• Oxazoles [M0015641]
  Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.
  
• Oxazolidin-2-one [M0249955]
  
• Oxazolidinones [M0361132]
  Derivatives of oxazolidin-2-one. They represent an important class of synthetic antibiotic agents.
  
• Oxazolone [M0015642]
  Immunologic adjuvant and sensitizing agent.
  
• Oxedrine [M0350536]
  
• Oxepins [M0015643]
  Compounds based on a 7-membered heterocyclic ring including an oxygen. They can be considered a medium ring ether. A natural source is the MONTANOA plant genus. Some dibenzo-dioxepins, called depsidones, are found in GARCINIA plants.
  
• Oxiconum [M0352935]
  
• Oxidopamine [M0025343]
  A neurotransmitter analogue that depletes noradrenergic stores in nerve endings and induces a reduction of dopamine levels in the brain. Its mechanism of action is related to the production of cytolytic free-radicals.
  
• Oxidopamine Hydrobromide [M0329482]
  
• Oxidopamine Hydrochloride [M0329481]
  
• Oxifungol [M0478569]
  
• Oxiken [M0485251]
  
• Oximes [M0015653]
  Compounds that contain the radical R2C=N.OH derived from condensation of ALDEHYDES or KETONES with HYDROXYLAMINE. Members of this group are CHOLINESTERASE REACTIVATORS.
  
• Oxocins [M0408768]
  Compounds based on an 8-membered heterocyclic ring including an oxygen. They can be considered medium ring ethers.
  
• Oxolinic Acid [M0015656]
  Synthetic antimicrobial related to NALIDIXIC ACID and used in URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.
  
• Oxonic Acid [M0015657]
  Antagonist of urate oxidase.
  
• Oxopropanal [M0018287]
  
• Oxotremorine [M0015658]
  A non-hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist used as a research tool.
  
• Oxprenolol [M0015659]
  A beta-adrenergic antagonist used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, and anxiety.
  
• Oxprenolol Hydrochloride [M0329900]
  
• Oxsoralen [M0354221]
  
• Oxsoralen-Ultra [M0474232]
  
• Oxy Skin Wash [M0476892]
  
• Oxyclozanide [M0015663]
  Anthelmintic used in grazing animals for fasciola and cestode infestations.
  
• Oxycodone [M0015664]
  Semisynthetic derivative of CODEINE that acts as a narcotic analgesic more potent and addicting than codeine.
  
• Oxycodone Hydrochloride [M0329901]
  
• Oxycone [M0354267]
  
• Oxycontin [M0442595]
  A controlled-release form of oxycodone.
  
• Oxydess [M0485038]
  
• Oxyfedrine [M0015670]
  A drug used in the treatment of angina pectoris, heart failure, conduction defects, and myocardial infarction. It is a partial agonist at beta adrenergic receptors and acts as a coronary vasodilator and cardiotonic agent.
  
• Oxymetazoline [M0015681]
  A direct acting sympathomimetic used as a vasoconstrictor to relieve nasal congestion. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1251)
  
• Oxymorphone [M0015684]
  An opioid analgesic with actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE, apart from an absence of cough suppressant activity. It is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including pain in obstetrics. It may also be used as an adjunct to anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1092)
  
• Oxymorphone Hydrochloride [M0352949]
  
• Oxyphenbutazone [M0015686]
  A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Oxyphenbutazone eyedrops have been used abroad in the management of postoperative ocular inflammation, superficial eye injuries, and episcleritis. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2000) It had been used by mouth in rheumatic disorders such as ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis but such use is no longer considered justified owing to the risk of severe hematological adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p27)
  
• Oxyphenisatin [M0015688]
  
• Oxyphenisatin Acetate [M0015689]
  A laxative that undergoes enterohepatic circulation. It may cause jaundice.
  
• Oxyphenonium [M0015691]
  A quaternary ammonium anticholinergic agent with peripheral side effects similar to those of ATROPINE. It is used as an adjunct in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcer, and to relieve visceral spasms. The drug has also been used in the form of eye drops for mydriatic effect.
  
• Oxyphenonium Bromide [M0015692]
  
• Oxyphenonium Bromide, (+)-Isomer [M0329910]
  
• Oxyphenonium Bromide, (+-)-Isomer [M0329904]
  
• Oxyphenonium Bromide, (-)-Isomer [M0329911]
  
• Oxyphenonium Chloride [M0015693]
  
• Oxyphenonium Iodide [M0015694]
  
• Oxyphenonium Iodide, (R)-Isomer [M0329907]
  
• Oxyphenonium Iodide, (S)-Isomer [M0329908]
  
• Oxyphenonium, (+-)-Isomer [M0329909]
  
• Oxyphenonium, (R)-Isomer [M0329912]
  
• Oxyphenonium, (S)-Isomer [M0329913]
  
• Oxypurinol [M0015696]
  A xanthine oxidase inhibitor.
  
• Oxyquinoline [M0023266]
  An antiseptic with mild fungistatic, bacteriostatic, anthelmintic, and amebicidal action. It is also used as a reagent and metal chelator, as a carrier for radio-indium for diagnostic purposes, and its halogenated derivatives are used in addition as topical anti-infective agents and oral antiamebics.
  
• Oxyquinoline Potassium Sulfate (2:1) [M0329510]
  
• Oxyquinoline Sulfate [M0329511]
  
• Oxyterracin [M0350821]
  
• Oxytetracid [M0350818]
  
• Oxytetracycline [M0015698]
  A TETRACYCLINE analog isolated from the actinomycete STREPTOMYCES rimosus and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions.
  
• Oxytetracycline Calcium [M0015699]
  
• Oxytetracycline Dihydrate [M0329918]
  
• Oxytetracycline Hydrochloride [M0329915]
  
• Oxytetracycline Monohydrochloride [M0372831]
  
• Oxytetracycline Sulfate (2:1) [M0329920]
  
• Oxytetracycline, (4a beta,5 beta,5a beta,12a beta)-Isomer [M0329914]
  
• Oxytetracycline, (5 beta)-Isomer [M0329917]
  
• Oxytetracycline, Calcium (1:1) Salt [M0329922]
  
• Oxytetracycline, Disodium Salt, Dihydrate [M0329919]
  
• Oxytetracycline, Sodium Salt [M0329921]
  
• Oxythiamine [M0015701]
  Thiamine antagonist, antimetabolite.
  
• P-071 [M0353369]
  
• P-1496 [M0352051]
  
• P-23 [M0352566]
  
• P-286 (Contrast Media) [M0351941]
  
• p-Aminoazobenzene [M0015713]
  Used in the form of its salts as a dye and as an intermediate in manufacture of Acid Yellow, diazo dyes, and indulines.
  
• p-Aminohippurate [M0015719]
  
• p-Aminohippuric Acid [M0015718]
  The glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and excretory capacity.
  
• p-Aminosalicylic Acid [M0015721]
  An antitubercular agent often administered in association with ISONIAZID. The sodium salt of the drug is better tolerated than the free acid.
  
• p-Aminosalicylic Acid Monolithium Salt [M0329928]
  
• p-Aminosalicylic Acid Monopotassium Salt [M0329923]
  
• p-Aminosalicylic Acid Monosodium Salt [M0329924]
  
• p-Aminosalicylic Acid, Aluminum (2:1) Salt [M0329927]
  
• p-Aminosalicylic Acid, Calcium (2:1) Salt [M0329925]
  
• p-Aminosalicylic Acid, Monosodium Salt, Dihydrate [M0329926]
  
• p-Azobenzenearsonate [M0015722]
  A hapten capable of eliciting both antibody formation and delayed hypersensitivity when bound to aromatic amino acids, polypeptides or proteins. It is used as an immunologic research tool.
  
• p-Chloroamphetamine [M0015724]
  Chlorinated analog of AMPHETAMINE. Potent neurotoxin that causes release and eventually depletion of serotonin in the CNS. It is used as a research tool.
  
• p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid [M0029907]
  An organic mercurial used as a sulfhydryl reagent.
  
• p-Chlorophenoxyisobutyrate [M0004585]
  
• p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene [M0006459]
  A reagent used mainly to induce experimental liver cancer. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, p. 89) published in 1985, this compound "may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen." (Merck, 11th ed)
  
• p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene, (E)-Isomer [M0330458]
  
• p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene, (Z)-Isomer [M0330457]
  
• p-Hydroxyamphetamine [M0015728]
  Amphetamine metabolite with sympathomimetic effects. It is sometimes called alpha-methyltyramine, which may also refer to the meta isomer, gepefrine.
  
• p-Hydroxynorephedrine [M0015731]
  Parahydroxy analog of phenylpropanolamine with properties as a sympathomimetic.
  
• p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine [M0351213]
  A potent mast cell degranulator. It is involved in histamine release.
  
• Pabagel [M0458853]
  
• Pabasan [M0458851]
  
• Paclitaxel [M0026156]
  A cyclodecane isolated from the bark of the Pacific yew tree, TAXUS BREVIFOLIA. It stabilizes MICROTUBULES in their polymerized form leading to cell death.
  
• Paclitaxel, (4 alpha)-Isomer [M0329331]
  
• Pactamycin [M0015738]
  Antibiotic produced by Streptomyces pactum used as an antineoplastic agent. It is also used as a tool in biochemistry because it inhibits certain steps in protein synthesis.
  
• P�diamuc [M0451900]
  
• Palacos R [M0353331]
  
• Palavit [M0353330]
  
• Palfium [M0485041]
  
• Palin [M0352643]
  
• Palitrex [M0363530]
  
• Palladone [M0475584]
  Hydromorphone hydrochloride extended release.
  
• Palpitin [M0369572]
  
• Paludrine [M0004167]
  
• Pamelor [M0015003]
  
• Pamisyl [M0351705]
  
• Panacide [M0006278]
  
• Panacur [M0351491]
  
• Panadol [M0000120]
  
• Panavia Opaque [M0199673]
  
• Panavir [M0353861]
  
• Pancodine [M0352936]
  
• Pancreatic Extracts [M0015797]
  Extracts prepared from pancreatic tissue that may contain the pancreatic enzymes or other specific uncharacterized factors or proteins with specific activities. PANCREATIN is a specific extract containing digestive enzymes and used to treat pancreatic insufficiency.
  
• Pandavir [M0353184]
  
• Panhematin [M0010080]
  
• Panitol [M0476010]
  
• PanOxyl [M0002376]
  
• Pantetheine [M0015821]
  An intermediate in the pathway of coenzyme A formation in mammalian liver and some microorganisms.
  
• Panthopaque [M0351852]
  
• Pantocaine [M0392798]
  
• Pantopon [M0015345]
  
• Papaveretum [M0015346]
  
• Papaverine [M0015830]
  An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of impotence and as a vasodilator, especially for cerebral vasodilation. The mechanism of its pharmacological actions is not clear, but it apparently can inhibit phosphodiesterases and it may have direct actions on calcium channels.
  
• Papaverine Hydrochloride [M0331238]
  
• Papulex [M0463403]
  
• para-Chloromercuribenzoate [M0029906]
  
• para-Tyramine [M0022195]
  
• Parabaxin [M0474835]
  
• Parabens [M0015856]
  Proprietary name for the methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They have been approved by the FDA as antimicrobial agents for foods and pharmaceuticals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed, p872)
  
• Paraflex [M0353610]
  
• Parafon [M0478308]
  
• Parafon Forte DSC [M0478309]
  
• Paragreen A [M0373133]
  
• Paraldehyde [M0015876]
  A hypnotic and sedative with anticonvulsant effects. However, because of the hazards associated with its administration, its tendency to react with plastic, and the risks associated with its deterioration, it has largely been superseded by other agents. It is still occasionally used to control status epilepticus resistant to conventional treatment. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p608-9)
  
• Paralergin [M0434829]
  
• Paraminol [M0373131]
  
• Paramorphan [M0006408]
  
• Paraplatin [M0024708]
  
• Paraquat [M0015915]
  A poisonous dipyridilium compound used as contact herbicide. Contact with concentrated solutions causes irritation of the skin, cracking and shedding of the nails, and delayed healing of cuts and wounds.
  
• Paratect [M0353423]
  
• Parazone [M0352345]
  
• Parcillin [M0477241]
  
• Paredrine [M0351207]
  
• Pargyline [M0015951]
  A monoamine oxidase inhibitor with antihypertensive properties.
  
• Pargyline Hydrochloride [M0015952]
  
• Parlodel [M0002947]
  
• Parmidine [M0352565]
  
• Parnate [M0476866]
  
• Paroxetine [M0026386]
  A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression.
  
• Paroxetine Acetate [M0329209]
  
• Paroxetine Hydrochloride [M0329211]
  
• Paroxetine Hydrochloride, Hemihydrate [M0329206]
  
• Paroxetine Maleate [M0329208]
  
• Paroxetine, cis-(+)-Isomer [M0329204]
  
• Paroxetine, cis-(-)-Isomer [M0329205]
  
• Paroxetine, trans-(+)-Isomer [M0329207]
  
• Partusisten [M0337805]
  
• Pathocil [M0485045]
  
• Patulin [M0016076]
  4-Hydroxy-4H-furo(3,2-c)pyran-2(6H)-one. A mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium. It is found in unfermented apple and grape juice and field crops. It has antibiotic properties and has been shown to be carcinogenic and mutagenic and causes chromosome damage in biological systems.
  
• Pavabid [M0353766]
  
• Pavatym [M0353767]
  
• Paxene [M0352959]
  
• Paxil [M0026387]
  
• PD-107779 [M0372348]
  
• PDS II (Ethicon) [M0373283]
  
• Pect Hustenl�ser [M0451875]
  
• Pediamycin [M0352021]
  
• Peflacine [M0353998]
  
• Pefloxacin [M0023653]
  A synthetic broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent active against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.
  
• Pefloxacin Mesylate [M0331239]
  
• PEG 1000 [M0017175]
  
• PEG 8000 [M0017177]
  
• Pekamin [M0477335]
  
• Pelentan [M0372414]
  
• PemADD [M0474038]
  
• Pemoline [M0016107]
  A central nervous system stimulant used in fatigue and depressive states and to treat hyperkinetic disorders in children.
  
• Pemoline Compounds [M0016108]
  
• Pemoline Magnesium [M0016109]
  
• Pempidine [M0016114]
  A nicotinic antagonist most commonly used as an experimental tool. It has been used as a ganglionic blocker in the treatment of hypertension but has largely been supplanted for that purpose by more specific drugs.
  
• Pen VK [M0351152]
  
• Penbutolol [M0016117]
  A nonselective beta-blocker used as an antihypertensive and an antianginal agent.
  
• Penbutolol Sulfate [M0016118]
  
• Pendepon [M0351364]
  
• Penduran [M0351363]
  
• Pendysin [M0459650]
  
• Penetrex [M0485306]
  
• Penfluridol [M0016119]
  One of the long-acting ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS used for maintenance or long-term therapy of SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS.
  
• Pengesod [M0477336]
  
• Penibiot [M0477337]
  
• Penicilina G Llorente [M0477338]
  
• Penicillanic Acid [M0016125]
  A building block of penicillin, devoid of significant antibacterial activity. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Penicillic Acid [M0016127]
  A mycotoxin with antibiotic and carcinogenic activity produced by various strains of PENICILLIUM and ASPERGILLUS. It has been found in tobacco, sausages, and corn.
  
• Penicillin G [M0016133]
  A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.
  
• Penicillin G Jenapharm [M0477339]
  
• Penicillin G Potassium [M0333926]
  
• Penicillin G Sodium [M0016134]
  
• Penicillin G, Benzathine [M0016138]
  Semisynthetic antibiotic prepared by combining the sodium salt of penicillin G with N,N'-dibenzylethylenediamine.
  
• Penicillin G, Procaine [M0016139]
  Semisynthetic antibiotic prepared by combining penicillin G with PROCAINE.
  
• Penicillin Gr�nenthal [M0477242]
  
• Penicillin V [M0016142]
  A broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic used orally in the treatment of mild to moderate infections by susceptible gram-positive organisms.
  
• Penicillin V Potassium [M0329812]
  
• Penicillin V Sodium [M0329811]
  
• Penicillins [M0016152]
  A group of antibiotics that contain 6-aminopenicillanic acid with a side chain attached to the 6-amino group. The penicillin nucleus is the chief structural requirement for biological activity. The side-chain structure determines many of the antibacterial and pharmacological characteristics. (Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1065)
  
• Penidural [M0459651]
  
• Penilevel [M0477340]
  
• Peniroger [M0477466]
  
• Peniroger Retard [M0459652]
  
• Pentacarinat [M0333701]
  
• Pentachlorophenol [M0016164]
  An insecticide and herbicide that has also been used as a wood preservative. Pentachlorphenol is a widespread environmental pollutant. Both chronic and acute pentachlorophenol poisoning are medical concerns. The range of its biological actions is still being actively explored, but it is clearly a potent enzyme inhibitor and has been used as such as an experimental tool.
  
• Pentacine [M0006864]
  
• Pentadienes [M0000710]
  
• Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate [M0016166]
  A vasodilator with general properties similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a more prolonged duration of action. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1025)
  
• Pentam [M0474059]
  
• Pentamidine [M0016169]
  Antiprotozoal agent effective in trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and some fungal infections; used in treatment of PNEUMOCYSTIS pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. It may cause diabetes mellitus, central nervous system damage, and other toxic effects.
  
• Pentamidine Isethionate [M0016170]
  
• Pentamidine Mesylate [M0016171]
  
• Pentanes [M0016174]
  Five-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives.
  
• Pentanones [M0016178]
  5-carbon straight-chain or branched-chain ketones.
  
• Pentazocine [M0016179]
  The first mixed agonist-antagonist analgesic to be marketed. It is an agonist at the kappa and sigma opioid receptors and has a weak antagonist action at the mu receptor. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1991, p97)
  
• Pentazocine Hydrochloride [M0329815]
  
• Pentazocine Lactate [M0329814]
  
• Pentazol [M0373139]
  
• Pentenes [M0000719]
  
• Pentetates [M0006869]
  
• Pentetic Acid [M0006866]
  An iron chelating agent with properties like EDETIC ACID. DTPA has also been used as a chelator for other metals, such as plutonium.
  
• Penthrane [M0351783]
  
• Pentobarbital [M0016182]
  A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236)
  
• Pentobarbital Sodium [M0329816]
  
• Pentolinium [M0016185]
  
• Pentolinium Tartrate [M0016186]
  A nicotinic antagonist that has been used as a ganglionic blocking agent in hypertension.
  
• Pentostam [M0001478]
  
• Pentothal [M0021367]
  
• Pentoxifylline [M0016198]
  A METHYLXANTHINE derivative that inhibits phosphodiesterase and affects blood rheology. It improves blood flow by increasing erythrocyte and leukocyte flexibility. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. Pentoxifylline modulates immunologic activity by stimulating cytokine production.
  
• Pentrexyl [M0353704]
  
• Pentylenetetrazole [M0016203]
  A pharmaceutical agent that displays activity as a central nervous system and respiratory stimulant. It is considered a non-competitive GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID antagonist. Pentylenetetrazole has been used experimentally to study seizure phenomenon and to identify pharmaceuticals that may control seizure susceptibility.
  
• Pepcid [M0024122]
  
• Peptidoglycan [M0016240]
  
• Peracetic Acid [M0016248]
  A liquid that functions as a strong oxidizing agent. It has an acrid odor and is used as a disinfectant.
  
• Peracetic Acid, Sodium Salt [M0329820]
  
• Perazine [M0016251]
  A phenothiazine antipsychotic with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE. Extrapyramidal symptoms may be more common than other side effects.
  
• Perazine Dihydrochloride [M0329823]
  
• Perazine Maleate [M0329824]
  
• Perazine Maleate (1:1) [M0329821]
  
• Perazine Maleate (1:2) [M0329822]
  
• Percocet [M0015666]
  
• Percoffedrinol N [M0466583]
  
• Percutaf�ine [M0466585]
  
• Perdipine [M0014822]
  
• Peremin [M0010391]
  
• Perfan [M0026328]
  
• Perfudal [M0478152]
  
• Pergolide [M0016279]
  A long-acting dopamine agonist which is effective in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and hyperprolactinemia. It has also been observed to have antihypertensive effects.
  
• Pergolide Mesylate [M0329825]
  
• Perhexiline [M0016281]
  2-(2,2-Dicyclohexylethyl)piperidine. Coronary vasodilator used especially for angina of effort. It may cause neuropathy and hepatitis.
  
• Periactin [M0005521]
  
• P�ridys [M0492511]
  
• Perindopril [M0129811]
  An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is used in patients with hypertension and heart failure.
  
• Perindopril Erbumine [M0322048]
  
• Periston [M0351814]
  
• Peritol [M0005522]
  
• Peritrate [M0350688]
  
• Perlinganit [M0009444]
  
• Permapen [M0459653]
  
• Permax [M0352831]
  
• Permethrin [M0056353]
  A pyrethroid insecticide commonly used in the treatment of LICE INFESTATIONS and SCABIES.
  
• Permethrin, (1R-cis)-Isomer [M0311199]
  
• Permethrin, (1R-trans)-Isomer [M0311196]
  
• Permethrin, (1S-cis)-Isomer [M0311200]
  
• Permethrin, (1S-trans)-Isomer [M0311201]
  
• Permethrin, (cis)-Isomer [M0311202]
  
• Permethrin, (cis-(+-))-Isomer [M0311198]
  
• Permethrin, (trans)-Isomer [M0311203]
  
• Permethrin, (trans-(+-))-Isomer [M0311197]
  
• Perphenazine [M0016378]
  An antipsychotic phenothiazine derivative with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE.
  
• Persantine [M0006534]
  
• Perspex [M0353329]
  
• Perstarium [M0129810]
  
• Pertofrane [M0006075]
  
• Pervincamine [M0353113]
  
• Perycit [M0361625]
  
• Perylene [M0016426]
  A 20-carbon dibenz(de,kl)anthracene that can be viewed as a naphthalene fused to a phenalene or as dinaphthalene. It is used as fluorescent lipid probe in the cytochemistry of membranes and is a polycyclic hydrocarbon pollutant in soil and water. Derivatives may be carcinogenic.
  
• Peteha [M0476058]
  
• Petnidan [M0477819]
  
• Petrolatum [M0016435]
  A colloidal system of semisolid hydrocarbons obtained from PETROLEUM. It is used as an ointment base, topical protectant, and lubricant.
  
• Petrolatum, Hydrophilic [M0016436]
  
• Petrolatum, White [M0016437]
  
• Petylyl [M0485021]
  
• Pevaryl [M0006990]
  
• PF-1593 [M0350890]
  
• Pfizerpen [M0016135]
  
• Phaeomelanins [M0472974]
  Melanins of the animal kingdom.
  
• Pharken [M0474226]
  
• Pharmadine [M0017409]
  
• Phazyme 125 [M0352160]
  
• Phemeride [M0002341]
  
• Phemerol [M0002342]
  
• Phemethryn [M0002338]
  
• Phenacetin [M0016487]
  A non-prostaglandin synthase inhibitor. It was utilized extensively in a wide variety of analgesic mixtures, but its causal role in analgesic-abuse nephropathy led to its withdrawal from the market. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology,1991, p431)
  
• Phenadone [M0013542]
  
• Phenalenes [M0443593]
  A group of AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS that have three rings joined as a triad around a single carbon atom so all three are conjoined, in contrast to a linear arrangement (ANTHRACENES) or angular arrangement (PHENANTHRENES).
  
• Phenanthrenes [M0016488]
  
• Phenanthridines [M0016489]
  
• Phenanthrolines [M0016490]
  
• Phenantoin [M0353223]
  
• Phenazines [M0016491]
  
• Phenazo [M0474755]
  
• Phenazocine [M0016492]
  An opioid analgesic with actions and uses similar to MORPHINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1095)
  
• Phenazocine Hydrobromide [M0329828]
  
• Phenazopyridine [M0016493]
  A local anesthetic that has been used in urinary tract disorders. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.
  
• Phenazopyridine Hydrochloride [M0474762]
  
• Phencyclidine [M0016495]
  A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to KETAMINE in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacological action through inhibition of NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). As a drug of abuse, it is known as PCP and Angel Dust.
  
• Phencyclidine Hydrobromide [M0329829]
  
• Phencyclidine Hydrochloride [M0329830]
  
• Phenelzine [M0016502]
  One of the MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS used to treat DEPRESSION; PHOBIC DISORDERS; and PANIC.
  
• Phenelzine Sulfate [M0351800]
  
• Phenergan [M0017710]
  
• Phenethylamines [M0016506]
  A group of compounds that are derivatives of beta- aminoethylbenzene which is structurally and pharmacologically related to amphetamine. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Phenetidine [M0016507]
  Used in the manufacture of acetophenetidin.
  
• Phenformin [M0016508]
  A biguanide hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of METFORMIN. Although it is generally considered to be associated with an unacceptably high incidence of lactic acidosis, often fatal, it is still available in some countries. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290)
  
• Phenidylate [M0351722]
  
• Phenindione [M0016509]
  An indandione that has been used as an anticoagulant. Phenindione has actions similar to WARFARIN, but it is now rarely employed because of its higher incidence of severe adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p234)
  
• Pheniramine [M0016510]
  One of the HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS with little sedative action. It is used in treatment of hay fever, rhinitis, allergic dermatoses, and pruritus.
  
• Pheniramine Maleate [M0329832]
  
• Phenmetrazine [M0016512]
  A sympathomimetic drug used primarily as an appetite depressant. Its actions and mechanisms are similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.
  
• Phenmetrazine Hydrochloride [M0331241]
  
• Phenobarbital [M0016514]
  A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It promotes binding to inhibitory GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID subtype receptors, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.
  
• Phenobarbital Sodium [M0331275]
  
• Phenol [M0029379]
  An antiseptic and disinfectant. It is active against a wide range of micro-organisms including some fungi and viruses, but is only slowly effective against spores. It has been used to disinfect skin and to relieve itching. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p801)
  
• Phenol, Sodium Salt [M0331242]
  
• Phenolphthalein [M0029852]
  An acid-base indicator which is colorless in acid solution, but turns pink to red as the solution becomes alkaline. It is used medicinally as a cathartic.
  
• Phenolphthaleins [M0016519]
  A family of 3,3-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)phthalides. They are used as CATHARTICS, indicators, and COLORING AGENTS.
  
• Phenols [M0016520]
  
• Phenolsulfonphthalein [M0016521]
  Red dye, pH indicator, and diagnostic aid for determination of renal function. It is used also for studies of the gastrointestinal and other systems.
  
• Phenoperidine [M0016522]
  A narcotic analgesic partly metabolized to meperidine in the liver. It is similar to morphine in action and used for neuroleptanalgesia, usually with droperidol.
  
• Phenoperidine Hydrochloride [M0329833]
  
• Phenothiazines [M0016525]
  Compounds containing dibenzo-1,4-thiazine. Some of them are neuroactive.
  
• Phenoxyacetates [M0016528]
  
• Phenoxybenzamine [M0016529]
  An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator.
  
• Phenoxybenzamine Hydrochloride [M0016530]
  
• Phenoxypropanolamines [M0473241]
  Compounds based on a propanolamine attached via an OXYGEN atom to a phenoxy ring. The side chain is one carbon longer than PHENYLETHYLAMINES.
  
• Phenprocoumon [M0016532]
  Coumarin derivative that acts as a long acting oral anticoagulant.
  
• Phenprogramma [M0474432]
  
• Phensedyl [M0017705]
  
• Phentermine [M0016536]
  A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It has been used most frequently in the treatment of obesity.
  
• Phentermine Hydrochloride [M0016537]
  
• Phentolamine [M0016538]
  A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.
  
• Phentolamine Mesylate [M0016539]
  
• Phentolamine Mono-hydrochloride [M0331246]
  
• Phenyl Ethers [M0016542]
  
• Phenylacetates [M0016543]
  
• Phenylammonium Compounds [M0474218]
  QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS based on PHENYLAMINES with the general formula phenyl-N+R3.
  
• Phenylbutazone [M0016548]
  A drug that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic activities. It is especially effective in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis. It also is useful in rheumatoid arthritis and Reiter's syndrome (investigational indication). Although phenylbutazone is effective in gouty arthritis, risk/benefit considerations indicate that this drug should not be employed for this disease. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p1822)
  
• Phenylbutyrates [M0016554]
  
• Phenylcarbamates [M0461443]
  Phenyl esters of carbamic acid or of N-substituted carbamic acids. Structures are similar to PHENYLUREA COMPOUNDS with a carbamate in place of the urea.
  
• Phenylenediamines [M0016555]
  
• Phenylephrine [M0016556]
  An alpha-adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.
  
• Phenylephrine Hydrochloride [M0016557]
  
• Phenylephrine Tannate [M0423770]
  
• Phenylethyl Alcohol [M0016505]
  An antimicrobial, antiseptic, and disinfectant that is used also as an aromatic essence and preservative in pharmaceutics and perfumery.
  
• Phenylethylmalonamide [M0016562]
  A metabolite of primidone.
  
• Phenylglyoxal [M0016564]
  A reagent that is highly selective for the modification of arginyl residues. It is used to selectively inhibit various enzymes and acts as an energy transfer inhibitor in photophosphorylation.
  
• Phenylhydrazines [M0016565]
  Diazo derivatives of aniline, used as a reagent for sugars, ketones, and aldehydes. (Dorland, 28th ed)
  
• Phenyline [M0351702]
  
• Phenylmercuric Acetate [M0016568]
  A phenyl mercury compound used mainly as a fungicide. Has also been used as a herbicide, slimicide, and bacteriocide.
  
• Phenylmercury Compounds [M0016569]
  Organic mercury compounds in which the mercury is attached to a phenyl group. Often used as fungicides and seed treatment agents.
  
• Phenylmethylamine [M0002393]
  
• Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride [M0016570]
  An enzyme inhibitor that inactivates IRC-50 arvin, subtilisin, and the fatty acid synthetase complex.
  
• Phenylphenalenones [M0471142]
  Phenyl-keto form of phenalenes.
  
• Phenylpropanolamine [M0016572]
  A sympathomimetic that acts mainly by causing release of NOREPINEPHRINE but also has direct agonist activity at some adrenergic receptors. It is most commonly used as a nasal vasoconstrictor and an appetite depressant.
  
• Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride [M0016571]
  RN should be 154-41-6
  
• Phenylpropionates [M0016573]
  
• Phenylpyruvic Acids [M0016574]
  A group of compounds that are derivatives of phenylpyruvic acid which has the general formula C6H5CH2COCOOH, and is a metabolite of phenylalanine. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
  
• Phenylthiazolylthiourea [M0016575]
  A dopamine-beta-hydroxylase inhibitor.
  
• Phenylthiohydantoin [M0016576]
  Thiohydantoin benzene derivative.
  
• Phenylthiourea [M0016577]
  
• Phenylurea Compounds [M0016578]
  
• Phenytoin [M0016580]
  An anticonvulsant that is used in a wide variety of seizures. It is also an anti-arrhythmic and a muscle relaxant. The mechanism of therapeutic action is not clear, although several cellular actions have been described including effects on ion channels, active transport, and general membrane stabilization. The mechanism of its muscle relaxant effect appears to involve a reduction in the sensitivity of muscle spindles to stretch. Phenytoin has been proposed for several other therapeutic uses, but its use has been limited by its many adverse effects and interactions with other drugs.
  
• Pheophytins [M0016587]
  Chlorophylls from which the magnesium has been removed by treatment with weak acid.
  
• Phetanol [M0007917]
  
• pHisoHex [M0476893]
  
• Phloretin [M0016612]
  
• Phlorhizin [M0016615]
  
• Phloroglucinol [M0016616]
  1,3,5-Benzenetriol. A trinitrobenzene derivative with antispasmodic properties that is used primarily as a laboratory reagent.
  
• Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate [M0023428]
  A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL which, in addition to being a potent skin tumor promoter, is also an effective activator of calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C). Due to its activation of this enzyme, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate profoundly affects many different biological systems.
  
• Phorbol Diesters [M0016629]
  
• Phorbol Esters [M0016630]
  Tumor-promoting compounds obtained from CROTON OIL (Croton tiglium). Some of these are used in cell biological experiments as activators of protein kinase C.
  
• Phorbols [M0016631]
  The parent alcohol of the tumor promoting compounds from CROTON OIL (Croton tiglium).
  
• Phosgene [M0016632]
  A highly toxic gas that has been used as a chemical warfare agent. It is an insidious poison as it is not irritating immediately, even when fatal concentrations are inhaled. (From The Merck Index, 11th ed, p7304)
  
• Phosphonates [M0462093]
  
• Phosphonic Acid Esters [M0462094]
  
• Photofrin [M0372995]
  
• Photofrin I [M0373299]
  
• Photofrin II [M0372994]
  
• Phthalazines [M0016766]
  
• Phthalic Acids [M0016768]
  A group of compounds that has the general structure of a dicarboxylic acid-substituted benzene ring. The ortho-isomer is used in dye manufacture. (Dorland, 28th ed)
  
• Phthalic Anhydrides [M0016769]
  Phthalic acid anhydrides. Can be substituted on any carbon atom. Used extensively in industry and as a reagent in the acylation of amino- and hydroxyl groups.
  
• Phthalimides [M0016770]
  The imide of phthalic acids.
  
• Phthivazide [M0011773]
  
• Phycobilins [M0490528]
  Open chain tetrapyrroles that function as light harvesting chromophores in PHYCOBILIPROTEINS.
  
• Phyllocontin [M0432714]
  
• Phyllotemp [M0351370]
  
• Physeptone [M0013543]
  
• Physiomycine [M0013540]
  
• Physostigmine [M0016815]
  A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically to the conjunctiva. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier and is used when central nervous system effects are desired, as in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity.
  
• Phytanic Acid [M0016816]
  A 20-carbon branched chain fatty acid. In phytanic acid storage disease (REFSUM DISEASE) this lipid may comprise as much as 30% of the total fatty acids of the plasma. This is due to a phytanic acid alpha-hydroxylase deficiency.
  
• Phytol [M0016825]
  
• Picibanil [M0016834]
  A lyophilized preparation of a low-virulence strain (SU) of Streptococcus pyogenes (S. hemolyticus), inactivated by heating with penicillin G. It has been proposed as a noncytotoxic antineoplastic agent because of its immune system-stimulating activity.
  
• Picloram [M0016836]
  A picolinic acid derivative that is used as a herbicide.
  
• Picoline [M0016837]
  
• Picolines [M0016838]
  A group of compounds that are monomethyl derivatives of pyridines. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
  
• Picolinic Acids [M0016839]
  
• Picrates [M0016842]
  
• Picrotoxin [M0016843]
  A noncompetitive antagonist at GABA-A receptors and thus a convulsant. Picrotoxin blocks the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-activated chloride ionophore. Although it is most often used as a research tool, it has been used as a CNS stimulant and an antidote in poisoning by CNS depressants, especially the barbiturates.
  
• Picryl Chloride [M0016844]
  A hapten that generates suppressor cells capable of down-regulating the efferent phase of trinitrophenol-specific contact hypersensitivity. (Arthritis Rheum 1991 Feb;34(2):180).
  
• Picrylsulfonic Acid [M0022003]
  
• Pilocarpine [M0016860]
  A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma.
  
• Pilocarpine Hydrochloride [M0331262]
  
• Pilocarpine Nitrate [M0331261]
  
• Pimafucin [M0016868]
  
• Pimelic Acid [M0016869]
  
• Pimelic Acids [M0016870]
  A group of compounds that are derivatives of heptanedioic acid with the general formula R-C7H11O4.
  
• Pimozide [M0016871]
  A diphenylbutylpiperidine that is effective as an antipsychotic agent and as an alternative to HALOPERIDOL for the suppression of vocal and motor tics in patients with Tourette syndrome. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, blockade of postsynaptic dopamine receptors has been postulated. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p403)
  
• Pinadone [M0474185]
  
• Pinalgesic [M0473925]
  
• Pindione [M0474395]
  
• Pindolol [M0016872]
  A moderately lipophilic beta blocker (ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS). It is non-cardioselective and has intrinsic sympathomimetic actions, but little membrane-stabilizing activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p638)
  
• Pipcil [M0474841]
  
• Pipecolic Acids [M0016880]
  
• Pipemidic Acid [M0016881]
  Antimicrobial against Gram negative and some Gram positive bacteria. It is protein bound and concentrated in bile and urine and used for gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.
  
• Pipera-hameln [M0474842]
  
• Piperacillin [M0016883]
  Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, AMPICILLIN derived ureidopenicillin antibiotic proposed for PSEUDOMONAS infections. It is also used in combination with other antibiotics.
  
• Piperacillin Fresenius [M0474844]
  
• Piperacillin Hexal [M0474845]
  
• Piperacillin Sodium [M0351116]
  
• Piperacillin-ratiopharm [M0474846]
  
• Piperazines [M0016884]
  
• Piperidines [M0016885]
  A family of hexahydropyridines.
  
• Piperidones [M0016886]
  
• Piperonyl Butoxide [M0016887]
  An insecticide synergist, especially for pyrethroids and ROTENONE.
  
• Piperoxan [M0016888]
  A benzodioxane alpha-adrenergic blocking agent with considerable stimulatory action. It has been used to diagnose PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA and as an antihypertensive agent.
  
• Pipobroman [M0016890]
  An antineoplastic agent that acts by alkylation.
  
• Pipolfen [M0017714]
  
• Pipolphen [M0017715]
  
• Pipracil [M0351115]
  
• Pipram [M0474782]
  
• Piracebral [M0474904]
  
• Piracetam [M0016891]
  A compound suggested to be both a nootropic and a neuroprotective agent.
  
• Piracetam AbZ [M0474908]
  
• Piracetrop [M0474907]
  
• Piren-basan [M0475057]
  
• pirenzepin von ct [M0475058]
  
• Pirenzepin-ratiopharm [M0475059]
  
• Pirenzepine [M0016894]
  An antimuscarinic agent that inhibits gastric secretion at lower doses than are required to affect gastrointestinal motility, salivary, central nervous system, cardiovascular, ocular, and urinary function. It promotes the healing of duodenal ulcers and due to its cytoprotective action is beneficial in the prevention of duodenal ulcer recurrence. It also potentiates the effect of other antiulcer agents such as CIMETIDINE and RANITIDINE. It is generally well tolerated by patients.
  
• Pirenzepine Dihydrochloride [M0475054]
  
• Piribedil [M0016896]
  A dopamine D2 agonist. It is used in the treatment of parkinson disease, particularly for alleviation of tremor. It has also been used for circulatory disorders and in other applications as a D2 agonist.
  
• Piribedil Hydrochloride [M0329863]
  
• Piribedil Mesylate [M0329862]
  
• Piribedil Mono-hydrochloride [M0329865]
  
• Piriditol [M0373208]
  
• Pirinitramide [M0016897]
  A diphenylpropylamine with intense narcotic analgesic activity of long duration. It is a derivative of MEPERIDINE with similar activity and usage.
  
• Piriton [M0004191]
  
• Piritoxina [M0373207]
  
• Piromidic Acid [M0016898]
  Antibacterial against mainly gram negative organisms. It is used for urinary tract and intestinal infections.
  
• Piroxicam [M0016899]
  A cyclooxygenase inhibiting, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that is well established in treating rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and used for musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and postoperative pain. Its long half-life enables it to be administered once daily.
  
• Pivamiser [M0475061]
  
• Pivampicillin [M0016927]
  Pivalate ester analog of AMPICILLIN.
  
• Pivampicillin Hydrochloride [M0351120]
  
• Pivmecillinam Hydrochloride [M0475062]
  
• Pizotyline [M0016929]
  Serotonin antagonist used against MIGRAINE DISORDERS and vascular headaches.
  
• PK-26124 [M0373930]
  
• Placidel [M0433379]
  
• Placidyl [M0350670]
  
• Planipart [M0004557]
  
• Plaquenil [M0010753]
  
• Plasdone [M0351813]
  
• Plastoquinone [M0017007]
  Polyunsaturated side-chain quinone derivative which is an important link in the electron transport chain of green plants during the photosynthetic conversion of light energy by photophosphorylation into the potential energy of chemical bonds.
  
• Platinwas [M0477272]
  
• Plegicil [M0431451]
  
• Plendil [M0024119]
  
• Plexiglas [M0353328]
  
• Plexiglass [M0029565]
  
• Pluriviron [M0476586]
  
• Pluronic F-108 [M0030087]
  
• Pluronic F-127 [M0030088]
  
• Pluronic F68 [M0030089]
  
• Pluronic L-101 [M0030090]
  
• Pluronic L-121 [M0030091]
  
• Pluronic L-81 [M0030092]
  
• Pluronics [M0030086]
  
• PM-88908 [M0353642]
  
• PMS-Amantadine [M0432300]
  
• PMS-Benztropine [M0459463]
  
• PMS-Benzydamine [M0477228]
  
• PMS-Bethanechol Chloride [M0460107]
  
• PMS-Buspirone [M0465832]
  
• PMS-Desipramine [M0485020]
  
• PMS-Domperidone [M0492512]
  
• PMS-Fenofibrate Micro [M0478178]
  
• PMS-Flutamide [M0482905]
  
• PMS-Fluvoxamine [M0482921]
  
• PMS-Levobunolol [M0463368]
  
• PMS-Lindane [M0463940]
  
• PMS-Mefenamic Acid [M0473926]
  
• PMS-Moclobemide [M0474427]
  
• PMS-Nortriptyline [M0464780]
  
• PMS-Temazepam [M0476093]
  
• PMS-Trazodone [M0476875]
  
• PN 200-110 [M0372658]
  
• PN 205-034 [M0026223]
  
• PN-205-033 [M0026222]
  
• Po 12 [M0485373]
  
• Podocon-25 [M0475070]
  
• Podophyllin [M0017086]
  Caustic extract from the roots of Podophyllum peltatum and P. emodi. It contains PODOPHYLLOTOXIN and its congeners and is very irritating to mucous membranes and skin. Podophyllin is a violent purgative that may cause CNS damage and teratogenesis. It is used as a paint for warts, skin neoplasms, and senile keratoses.
  
• Podophyllotoxin [M0017087]
  A lignan (LIGNANS) found in PODOPHYLLIN resin from the roots of PODOPHYLLUM plants. It is a potent spindle poison, toxic if taken internally, and has been used as a cathartic. It is very irritating to skin and mucous membranes, has keratolytic actions, has been used to treat warts and keratoses, and may have antineoplastic properties, as do some of its congeners and derivatives.
  
• Podophyllotoxin, (5R-(5 alpha,5a alpha,8a alpha,9 alpha))-Isomer [M0329870]
  
• Podophyllotoxin, (5R-(5 alpha,5a alpha,8a alpha,9 beta))-Isomer [M0329868]
  
• Podophyllotoxin, (5R-(5 alpha,5a alpha,8a beta,9 alpha))-Isomer [M0329803]
  
• Podophyllotoxin, (5R-(5 alpha,5a beta,8a alpha,9 beta))-Isomer [M0329869]
  
• Polognost [M0351849]
  
• Polomigran [M0016930]
  
• Polopirin [M0001866]
  
• Polopiryna [M0001877]
  
• Poloxalene [M0017132]
  A copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene ether glycol. It is a non-ionic polyol surface-active agent used medically as a fecal softener and in cattle for prevention of bloat.
  
• Poloxalene 2930 [M0017133]
  
• Poloxalkol [M0030094]
  
• Poloxamer [M0030100]
  A nonionic polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block co-polymer with the general formula HO(C2H4O)a(-C3H6O)b(C2H4O)aH. It is available in different grades which vary from liquids to solids. It is used as an emulsifying agent, solubilizing agent, surfactant, and wetting agent for antibiotics. Poloxamer is also used in ointment and suppository bases and as a tablet binder or coater. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)
  
• Poloxamer 188 [M0030096]
  
• Poloxamer 213 [M0030097]
  
• Poloxamer 2930 [M0030098]
  
• Poloxamer 338 [M0030093]
  
• Poloxamer 407 [M0030099]
  
• Poloxamers [M0030095]
  
• Polstigmine [M0014617]
  
• Poly(Lactide-Co-Glycoside) [M0017191]
  
• Polyacetylenes [M0063554]
  Hydrocarbons with more than one triple bond; or an oxidized form of POLYENES. They can react with SULFUR to form THIOPHENES.
  
• Polyamines [M0017151]
  
• Polyanetholesulfonate [M0017153]
  A compound originally developed as an anticoagulant, but possessing anticomplement action and lowering the bactericidal action of blood. It is used in vitro to inhibit blood coagulation and as a diagnostic reagent to encourage the growth of pathogens in the blood. It is also used to stabilize colloidal solutions such as milk and gelatin. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Polyanetholesulfonate Homopolymer [M0329742]
  
• Polybrene [M0010308]
  
• Polybrominated Biphenyls [M0017154]
  Biphenyl compounds which are extensively brominated. Many of these compounds are toxic environmental pollutants.
  
• Polybutyl Cyanoacrylate [M0007336]
  
• Polychlorinated Biphenyls [M0017159]
  Industrial products consisting of a mixture of chlorinated biphenyl congeners and isomers. These compounds are highly lipophilic and tend to accumulate in fat stores of animals. Many of these compounds are considered toxic and potential environmental pollutants.
  
• Polychloroterphenyl Compounds [M0017160]
  Compounds consisting of three benzene rings linked to each other in either ortho, meta or para positions and substituted with chlorine atoms.
  
• Polycillin [M0353703]
  
• Polycyclic Compounds [M0017162]
  Compounds consisting of two or more fused ring structures.
  
• Polycyclic Hydrocarbons [M0017163]
  Hydrocarbons consisting of two or more fused ring structures.
  
• Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic [M0017164]
  A major group of unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons containing two or more rings. The vast number of compounds of this important group, derived chiefly from petroleum and coal tar, are rather highly reactive and chemically versatile. The name is due to the strong and not unpleasant odor characteristic of most substances of this nature. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p96)
  
• Polydioxanone [M0025421]
  An absorbable suture material used also as ligating clips, as pins for internal fixation of broken bones, and as ligament reinforcement for surgically managed ligament injuries. Its promising characteristics are elasticity, complete biodegradability, and lack of side effects such as infections.
  
• Polyenes [M0017172]
  Hydrocarbons with more than one double bond. They are a reduced form of POLYYNES.
  
• Polyesters [M0017173]
  Polymers of organic acids and alcohols, with ester linkages--usually polyethylene terephthalate; can be cured into hard plastic, films or tapes, or fibers which can be woven into fabrics, meshes or velours.
  
• Polyethylene [M0017187]
  A vinyl polymer made from ethylene. It can be branched or linear. Branched or low-density polyethylene is tough and pliable but not to the same degree as linear polyethylene. Linear or high-density polyethylene has a greater hardness and tensile strength. Polyethylene is used in a variety of products, including implants and prostheses.
  
• Polyethylene Glycol 2000 [M0017178]
  
• Polyethylene Glycol 300 [M0017179]
  
• Polyethylene Glycol 400 [M0017180]
  
• Polyethylene Glycol 4000 [M0017181]
  
• Polyethylene Glycol 6000 [M0017176]
  
• Polyethylene Glycols [M0017182]
  Polymers of ETHYLENE OXIDE and water and their ethers. They vary in consistency from liquid to solid, depending on the molecular weight, indicated by a number following the name. They are used as SURFACTANTS, dispersing agents, solvents, ointment and suppository bases, vehicles, and tablet excipients. Some specific groups are lauromagrogols, nonoxynols, octoxynols and poloxamers.
  
• Polyethylene Terephthalates [M0017184]
  Polyester polymers formed from terephthalic acid or its esters and ethylene glycol. They can be formed into tapes, films or pulled into fibers that are pressed into meshes or woven into fabrics.
  
• Polyethyleneimine [M0017185]
  Strongly cationic polymer that binds to certain proteins; used as a marker in immunology, to precipitate and purify enzymes and lipids. Synonyms: aziridine polymer; Epamine; Epomine; ethylenimine polymer; Montrek; PEI; Polymin(e).
  
• Polyethylenes [M0017186]
  Synthetic thermoplastics that are tough, flexible, inert, and resistant to chemicals and electrical current. They are often used as biocompatible materials for prostheses and implants.
  
• Polyglactin 910 [M0017192]
  A polyester used for absorbable sutures & surgical mesh, especially in ophthalmic surgery. 2-Hydroxy-propanoic acid polymer with polymerized hydroxyacetic acid, which forms 3,6-dimethyl-1,4-dioxane-dione polymer with 1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione copolymer of molecular weight about 80,000 daltons.
  
• Polyglycolic Acid [M0017195]
  A biocompatible polymer used as a surgical suture material.
  
• Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate [M0017198]
  A biocompatible, hydrophilic, inert gel that is permeable to tissue fluids. It is used as an embedding medium for microscopy, as a coating for implants and prostheses, for contact lenses, as microspheres in adsorption research, etc.
  
• Polymethacrylic Acids [M0017209]
  Poly-2-methylpropenoic acids. Used in the manufacture of methacrylate resins and plastics in the form of pellets and granules, as absorbent for biological materials and as filters; also as biological membranes and as hydrogens. Synonyms: methylacrylate polymer; poly(methylacrylate); acrylic acid methyl ester polymer.
  
• Polymethyl Methacrylate [M0029562]
  Polymerized methyl methacrylate monomers which are used as sheets, moulding, extrusion powders, surface coating resins, emulsion polymers, fibers, inks, and films (From International Labor Organization, 1983). This material is also used in tooth implants, bone cements, and hard corneal contact lenses.
  
• Polymethyl Methacrylate, Isostatic [M0329060]
  
• Polymethyl Methacrylate, Simplex Opaque [M0329061]
  
• Polymethyl Methacrylate, Surgical Simplex Bone Cement, Ammonium Salt [M0329063]
  
• Polymethyl Methacrylate, Surgical Simplex P [M0329062]
  
• Polymethyl Methacrylate, Syndiostatic [M0329059]
  
• Polymox [M0353677]
  
• Polyox FRA [M0373154]
  
• Polyphloretin Phosphate [M0017234]
  A polymeric mixture of polyesters of phosphoric acid and phloretin. It blocks some cellular responses to prostaglandins.
  
• Polyplasdone XL [M0017401]
  
• Polypro [M0337709]
  
• Polypropylenes [M0017239]
  Propylene or propene polymers. Thermoplastics that can be extruded into fibers, films or solid forms. They are used as a copolymer in plastics, especially polyethylene. The fibers are used for fabrics, filters and surgical sutures.
  
• Polyrotaxanes [M0443668]
  
• Polysorbate 20 [M0017251]
  
• Polysorbate 80 [M0017252]
  
• Polysorbates [M0017253]
  Sorbitan mono-9-octadecanoate poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivatives; complex mixtures of polyoxyethylene ethers used as emulsifiers or dispersing agents in pharmaceuticals.
  
• Polystyrenes [M0017261]
  Polymerized forms of styrene used as a biocompatible material, especially in dentistry. They are thermoplastic and are used as insulators, for injection molding and casting, as sheets, plates, rods, rigid forms and beads.
  
• Polytetrafluoroethylene [M0017264]
  Homopolymer of tetrafluoroethylene. Nonflammable, tough, inert plastic tubing or sheeting; used to line vessels, insulate, protect or lubricate apparatus; also as filter, coating for surgical implants or as prosthetic material. Synonyms: Fluoroflex; Fluoroplast; Ftoroplast; Halon; Polyfene; PTFE; Tetron.
  
• Polythiazide [M0017269]
  A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p826)
  
• Polyunsaturated Alkamides [M0492305]
  Amides composed of unsaturated aliphatic FATTY ACIDS linked with AMINES by an amide bond. They are most prominent in ASTERACEAE; PIPERACEAE; and RUTACEAE; and also found in ARISTOLOCHIACEAE; BRASSICACEAE; CONVOLVULACEAE; EUPHORBIACEAE; MENISPERMACEAE; POACEAE; and SOLANACEAE. They are recognized by their pungent taste and for causing numbing and salivation.
  
• Polyunsaturated Isobutylamides [M0492309]
  
• Polyurethanes [M0017270]
  A group of thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers containing polyisocyanate. They are used as ELASTOMERS, as coatings, as fibers and as foams.
  
• Polyvinoxide [M0017275]
  
• Polyvinyl Alcohol [M0017272]
  A polymer prepared from polyvinyl acetates by replacement of the acetate groups with hydroxyl groups. It is used as a pharmaceutic aid and ophthalmic lubricant as well as in the manufacture of surface coatings artificial sponges, cosmetics, and other products.
  
• Polyvinyl Chloride [M0017273]
  A polyvinyl resin used extensively in the manufacture of plastics, including medical devices, tubing, and other packaging. It is also used as a rubber substitute.
  
• Polyvinylpyridine N-Oxide [M0017276]
  Inhibits the cytotoxic action of quartz and is reported to have delayed the development of experimental silicosis in rats.
  
• Polyvinyls [M0017278]
  
• Polyviol [M0350693]
  
• Ponalar [M0473927]
  
• Ponalgic [M0473928]
  
• Pondimin [M0478138]
  
• Pondocillin [M0351119]
  
• Ponmel [M0473929]
  
• Ponstan [M0013284]
  
• Ponstel [M0013285]
  
• Pontal [M0013287]
  
• Pontiride [M0475986]
  
• Pontocaine [M0021209]
  
• Porfimer Sodium [M0372990]
  
• Porfiromycin [M0017329]
  Toxic antibiotic of the mitomycin group, obtained from MITOMYCIN and also from Streptomyces ardus and other species. It is proposed as an antineoplastic agent, with some antibiotic properties.
  
• Porphobilinogen [M0017331]
  
• Porphyrinogens [M0017335]
  Colorless reduced precursors of porphyrins in which the pyrrole rings are linked by methylene (-CH2-) bridges.
  
• Porphyrins [M0017336]
  A group of compounds containing the porphin structure, four pyrrole rings connected by methine bridges in a cyclic configuration to which a variety of side chains are attached. The nature of the side chain is indicated by a prefix, as uroporphyrin, hematoporphyrin, etc. The porphyrins, in combination with iron, form the heme component in biologically significant compounds such as hemoglobin and myoglobin.
  
• Posicor [M0167271]
  
• Posiject [M0485250]
  
• Posipen [M0485044]
  
• Potaba [M0015716]
  
• Potassium Acetate [M0028800]
  An electrolyte replenisher, as well as a urinary and systemic alkalizer, which can be administered orally or by intravenous infusion. Formerly, it was used as a diuretic and expectorant. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
  
• Potassium Benzoate [M0002351]
  
• Potassium Chromium Oxalate [M0015630]
  
• Potassium Citrate [M0028812]
  A powder that dissolves in water, which is administered orally, and is used as a diuretic, expectorant, systemic alkalizer, and electrolyte replenisher.
  
• Potassium Citrate Anhydrous [M0329194]
  
• Potassium Cyclamate [M0331215]
  
• Potassium Dichloroacetate [M0006265]
  
• Potassium Orotate [M0015447]
  
• Potassium Oxalate [M0329881]
  
• Potassium Oxalate (2:1) [M0329885]
  
• Potassium Succinate [M0029382]
  
• Potassium Urate [M0022338]
  
• Poudre insecticide Moureau [M0467629]
  
• Poudre insecticide Vetoquinol [M0467630]
  
• Poutic [M0467631]
  
• Povidone [M0017402]
  A polyvinyl polymer of variable molecular weight; used as suspending and dispersing agent and vehicle for pharmaceuticals; also used as blood volume expander.
  
• Povidone-Iodine [M0017404]
  An iodinated polyvinyl polymer used as topical antiseptic in surgery and for skin and mucous membrane infections, also as aerosol. The iodine may be radiolabeled for research purposes.
  
• PP-557 [M0056344]
  
• PQQ Cofactor [M0091136]
  A pyrrolo-quinoline having two adjacent keto-groups at the 4 and 5 positions and three acidic carboxyl groups. It is a coenzyme of some DEHYDROGENASES.
  
• Practolol [M0017428]
  A beta-adrenergic antagonist that has been used in the emergency treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.
  
• Prajmaline [M0017433]
  A derivative of the rauwolfia alkaloid AJMALINE. It is an anti-arrhythmia agent, but may cause liver damage.
  
• Prajmalium Bitartrate [M0017434]
  
• Pralidoxime Compounds [M0017435]
  Various salts of a quaternary ammonium oxime that reconstitute inactivated acetylcholinesterase, especially at the neuromuscular junction, and may cause neuromuscular blockade. They are used as antidotes to organophosphorus poisoning as chlorides, iodides, methanesulfonates (mesylates), or other salts.
  
• Pralifan [M0474355]
  
• Prareduct [M0475485]
  
• Pratsiol [M0017440]
  
• Pravachol [M0350932]
  
• Pravastatin [M0025879]
  An antilipemic fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Nocardia autotrophica. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES).
  
• Pravastatin Monosodium Salt, (6 beta)-Isomer [M0329326]
  
• Pravastatin Sodium [M0329324]
  
• Pravastatin tert-Octylamine Salt [M0025881]
  
• Pravastatin, (6 beta)-Isomer [M0329325]
  
• Praxel [M0474881]
  
• Praxilene [M0014425]
  
• Prazepam [M0017437]
  A benzodiazepine that is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS.
  
• Praziquantel [M0017438]
  An anthelmintic used in most schistosome and many cestode infestations.
  
• Praziquantel, (+-)-Isomer [M0331263]
  
• Praziquantel, (R)-Isomer [M0331265]
  
• Praziquantel, (S)-Isomer [M0331264]
  
• Prazosin [M0017441]
  A selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist used in the treatment of heart failure, hypertension, pheochromocytoma, Raynaud's syndrome, prostatic hypertrophy, and urinary retention.
  
• Pre-Sate [M0478284]
  
• Prebet [M0482975]
  
• Pr�famone [M0432397]
  
• Prefin [M0465414]
  
• Pregnanolone, (3alpha)-isomer [M0367234]
  
• Preludin [M0016513]
  
• Prenalterol [M0017537]
  A partial adrenergic agonist with functional beta 1-receptor specificity and inotropic effect. It is effective in the treatment of acute cardiac failure, postmyocardial infarction low-output syndrome, shock, and reducing orthostatic hypotension in the Shy-Drager syndrome.
  
• Prenalterol Hydrochloride [M0329754]
  
• Prenazone [M0017544]
  A pyrazole that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It has been used in mild to moderate pain, fever, and inflammation associated with musculoskeletal and joint disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p15)
  
• Prent [M0431316]
  
• Prenylamine [M0017547]
  A drug formerly used in the treatment of angina pectoris but superseded by less hazardous drugs. Prenylamine depletes myocardial catecholamine stores and has some calcium channel blocking activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1406)
  
• Presolol [M0463250]
  
• PreSun [M0458854]
  
• Pridazole [M0021627]
  
• Prilocaine [M0017571]
  A local anesthetic that is similar pharmacologically to LIDOCAINE. Currently, it is used most often for infiltration anesthesia in dentistry. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p165)
  
• Prilocaine Hydrochloride [M0017570]
  
• Prilosec [M0353567]
  
• Primacin [M0475721]
  
• Primaclone [M0373162]
  
• Primacor [M0029841]
  
• Primaquine [M0017573]
  An aminoquinoline that is given by mouth to produce a radical cure and prevent relapse of vivax and ovale malarias following treatment with a blood schizontocide. It has also been used to prevent transmission of falciparum malaria by those returning to areas where there is a potential for re-introduction of malaria. Adverse effects include anemias and GI disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeia, 30th ed, p404)
  
• Primaquine Diphosphate [M0329757]
  
• Primaquine Phosphate [M0017575]
  
• Primidon Holsten [M0475725]
  
• Primidone [M0017580]
  An antiepileptic agent related to the barbiturates; it is partly metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL in the body and owes some of its actions to this metabolite. Adverse effects are reported to be more frequent than with PHENOBARBITAL. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p309)
  
• Primperan [M0013681]
  
• Pripsen Mebendazole [M0474736]
  
• Priscol [M0353340]
  
• Priscoline [M0476637]
  
• Pristacin [M0003976]
  
• Privine [M0353321]
  
• Pro Actidil [M0476926]
  
• Pro-Air [M0026206]
  
• Pro-Cid [M0475733]
  
• Proadifen [M0017595]
  An inhibitor of drug metabolism and CYTOCHROME P-450 ENZYME SYSTEM activity.
  
• Proadifen Hydrochloride [M0351618]
  
• ProAmatine [M0474320]
  
• Proanthocyanidins [M0060821]
  Dimers and oligomers of flavan-3-ol units (CATECHIN analogs) linked mainly through C4 to C8 bonds to leucoanthocyanidins. They are structurally similar to ANTHOCYANINS but are the result of a different fork in biosynthetic pathways.
  
• Probanthine [M0017747]
  
• Probecid [M0350911]
  
• Probenecid [M0017601]
  The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.
  
• Probenecid Weimer [M0475734]
  
• Probucol [M0017604]
  A drug used to lower LDL and HDL cholesterol yet has little effect on serum-triglyceride or VLDL cholesterol. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p993).
  
• Procain Braun [M0475891]
  
• Procain curasan [M0475892]
  
• Procain Jenapharm [M0475893]
  
• Procain Steigerwald [M0475894]
  
• procain-loges [M0475895]
  
• Procaina Serra [M0475896]
  
• Procainamide [M0017605]
  A derivative of PROCAINE with less CNS action.
  
• Procainamide Hydrochloride [M0017608]
  
• Procaine [M0017615]
  A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a slow onset and a short duration of action. It is mainly used for infiltration anesthesia, peripheral nerve block, and spinal block. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1016).
  
• Pr�caine chlorhydrate Lavoisier [M0475898]
  
• Procaine Hydrochloride [M0475887]
  
• Procamide [M0017609]
  
• Procan [M0017610]
  
• Procanbid [M0475878]
  
• Procarbazine [M0017616]
  An antineoplastic agent used primarily in combination with mechlorethamine, vincristine, and prednisone (the MOPP protocol) in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease.
  
• Procarbazine Hydrochloride [M0331268]
  
• Procarbazine Monohydrobromide [M0331267]
  
• Procardia [M0369474]
  
• Procardia XL [M0014848]
  
• Procaterol [M0026203]
  A long-acting beta-2-adrenergic receptor agonist. It is a potent bronchodilator that may be administered orally or by aerosol inhalation.
  
• Procaterol Hydrochloride [M0026207]
  
• Procaterol Monohydrochloride, (R*,R*)-(+)-Isomer [M0329362]
  
• Procaterol Monohydrochloride, (R*,R*)-(+-)-Isomer [M0329360]
  
• Procaterol Monohydrochloride, (R*,R*)-(-)-Isomer [M0329361]
  
• Procaterol Monohydrochloride, (R*,S*)-(+)-Isomer [M0329359]
  
• Procaterol Monohydrochloride, (R*,S*)-(-)-Isomer [M0329358]
  
• Procaterol, (R*,R*)-(+-)-Isomer [M0329365]
  
• Procaterol, (R*,S*)-(-)-Isomer [M0329364]
  
• Procetofen [M0017618]
  An antilipemic agent which reduces both CHOLESTEROL and TRIGLYCERIDES in the blood.
  
• Prochlorperazine [M0017619]
  A phenothiazine antipsychotic used principally in the treatment of NAUSEA; VOMITING; and VERTIGO. It is more likely than CHLORPROMAZINE to cause EXTRAPYRAMIDAL DISORDERS. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p612)
  
• Prochlorperazine Edisylate Salt [M0017620]
  
• Prochlorperazine Maleate [M0354121]
  
• Proculin [M0462898]
  
• Procyanidins [M0457312]
  Proanthocyanidins consisting exclusively of (epi)catechin.
  
• Procyclid [M0475954]
  
• Procyclidine [M0017638]
  A muscarinic antagonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier and is used in the treatment of drug-induced extrapyramidal disorders and in parkinsonism.
  
• Procyclidine Hydrochloride [M0475950]
  
• Prodectin [M0352564]
  
• Prodigiosin [M0017640]
  4-Methoxy-5-((5-methyl-4-pentyl-2H-pyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl)- 2,2'-bi-1H-pyrrole. A toxic, bright red tripyrrole pigment from Serratia marcescens and others. It has antibacterial, anticoccidial, antimalarial, and antifungal activities, but is used mainly as a biochemical tool.
  
• Prodine [M0000800]
  
• Prodium [M0474756]
  
• Profenid [M0351744]
  
• Proflavine [M0017666]
  3,6-Diaminoacridine. Topical antiseptic used mainly in wound dressings.
  
• Proflavine Hemisulfate [M0017667]
  
• Proglycem [M0006244]
  
• Progout [M0451689]
  
• Prograf [M0025262]
  
• Prolamine [M0369525]
  
• Prolecofen [M0017737]
  
• Prolene [M0351808]
  
• Prolixan [M0001567]
  
• Prolixin [M0008642]
  
• Proloprim [M0373257]
  
• Promazine [M0017696]
  A phenothiazine with actions similar to CHLORPROMAZINE but with less antipsychotic activity. It is primarily used in short-term treatment of disturbed behavior and as an antiemetic.
  
• Promazine Hydrochloride [M0017698]
  
• Promedol [M0017701]
  A narcotic analgesic similar to MEPERIDINE; it exists in four stereoisomers, two of which, the beta (isopromedol) and the gamma (trimeperidine) are active.
  
• Promet [M0017716]
  
• Prometazin [M0017719]
  
• Promethazine [M0017706]
  A phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. It is used as an antiallergic, in pruritus, for motion sickness and sedation, and also in animals.
  
• Promethazine Hydrochloride [M0017709]
  
• Prometryne [M0017722]
  A triazine used as a selective pre- and post-emergence herbicide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Prominal [M0013434]
  
• Pronervon T [M0476094]
  
• Pronestyl [M0017606]
  
• Propafenon AL [M0476005]
  
• Propafenon Hexal [M0476004]
  
• Propafenone [M0017736]
  An antiarrhythmia agent that is particularly effective in ventricular arrhythmias. It also has weak beta-blocking activity. The drug is generally well tolerated.
  
• Propafenone Hydrochloride [M0352002]
  
• Propafenone Hydrochloride, (R)-Isomer [M0329767]
  
• Propafenone Hydrochloride, (S)-Isomer [M0329768]
  
• Propafenone, (+-)-Isomer [M0329764]
  
• Propafenone, (R)-Isomer [M0329765]
  
• Propafenone, (S)-Isomer [M0329766]
  
• Propagest [M0369524]
  
• Propagrin 36 [M0350855]
  
• Propamerck [M0476001]
  
• Propane [M0017740]
  
• Propanidid [M0017743]
  An intravenous anesthetic that has been used for rapid induction of anesthesia and for maintenance of anesthesia of short duration. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p918)
  
• Propanil [M0017744]
  A chlorinated anilide that is used as an herbicide.
  
• Propanolamines [M0017745]
  AMINO ALCOHOLS containing the propanolamine (NH2CH2CHOHCH2) group and its derivatives.
  
• Propanols [M0029710]
  Isomeric forms and derivatives of PROPANOL (C3H7OH).
  
• Propantheline [M0017746]
  A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic, in rhinitis, in urinary incontinence, and in the treatment of ulcers. At high doses it has nicotinic effects resulting in neuromuscular blocking.
  
• Propantheline Bromide [M0351182]
  
• Propaphenin [M0004202]
  
• Propidium [M0017755]
  Quaternary ammonium analog of ethidium; an intercalating dye with a specific affinity to certain forms of DNA and, used as diiodide, to separate them in density gradients; also forms fluorescent complexes with cholinesterase which it inhibits.
  
• Propidium Iodide [M0017756]
  
• Propiolactone [M0017758]
  Disinfectant used in vapor form to sterilize vaccines, grafts, etc. The vapor is very irritating and the liquid form is carcinogenic.
  
• Propion [M0432396]
  
• Propionates [M0017759]
  
• Propionic Acids [M0017763]
  3-carbon saturated monocarboxylic acids.
  
• Propiophenones [M0017764]
  
• Proplast [M0017765]
  Polymer of polytetrafluoroethylene and carbon filaments; porous biocompatible material used in orofacial and middle ear reconstruction and as coating for metal implants.
  
• Propofol [M0024130]
  An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206)
  
• Propofol Abbott [M0476040]
  
• Propofol Fresenius [M0476038]
  
• Propofol Rovi [M0476041]
  
• Propofol-Lipuro [M0476039]
  
• Propoxur [M0361417]
  A carbamate insecticide.
  
• Propoxycaine [M0017767]
  A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a rapid onset of action and a longer duration of action than procaine hydrochloride. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1017)
  
• Propoxycaine Hydrochloride [M0017768]
  
• Propoxyphene [M0017770]
  A narcotic analgesic structurally related to METHADONE. Only the dextro-isomer has an analgesic effect; the levo-isomer appears to exert an antitussive effect.
  
• Propoxyphene Hydrochloride [M0353504]
  
• Propoxyphene Hydrochloride, (R*,R*)-(+-)-Isomer [M0329778]
  
• Propoxyphene Hydrochloride, (R*,S*)-(+-)-Isomer [M0329779]
  
• Propoxyphene Hydrochloride, (R-(R*,R*))-Isomer [M0329781]
  
• Propoxyphene Hydrochloride, (R-(R*,S*))-Isomer [M0329773]
  
• Propoxyphene Hydrochloride, (S-(R*,R*))-Isomer [M0329780]
  
• Propoxyphene Maleate, (+)-Isomer [M0329775]
  
• Propoxyphene Phosphate, (S-(R*,S*))-Isomer [M0329772]
  
• Propoxyphene Sulfate, (S-(R*,S*))-Isomer [M0329771]
  
• Propoxyphene, (R*,S*)-(+-)-Isomer [M0329776]
  
• Propoxyphene, (R-(R*,S*))-Isomer [M0329774]
  
• Propranolol [M0017773]
  A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol is used in the treatment or prevention of many disorders including acute myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, angina pectoris, hypertension, hypertensive emergencies, hyperthyroidism, migraine, pheochromocytoma, menopause, and anxiety.
  
• Propranolol Hydrochloride [M0017776]
  
• Propulsid [M0350867]
  
• Propyl Gallate [M0017779]
  Antioxidant for foods, fats, oils, ethers, emulsions, waxes, and transformer oils.
  
• Propylamines [M0017781]
  
• Propylbenzilylcholine Mustard [M0017782]
  An analog of benzilylcholine mustard. It is an alkylating nitrogen mustard analog that binds specifically and irreversibly to cholinergic muscarinic receptors and is used as an affinity label to isolate and study the receptors.
  
• Propylene Glycol [M0029618]
  A clear, colorless, viscous organic solvent and diluent used in pharmaceutical preparations.
  
• Propylene Glycol Monohydrate [M0331273]
  
• Propylene Glycol Sodium Salt [M0331272]
  
• Propylene Glycol, (+-)-Isomer [M0331271]
  
• Propylene Glycol, (R)-Isomer [M0331269]
  
• Propylene Glycol, (S)-Isomer [M0331270]
  
• Propylene Glycols [M0017742]
  Derivatives of propylene glycol (1,2-propanediol). They are used as humectants and solvents in pharmaceutical preparations.
  
• Propyliodone [M0017783]
  Radiopaque medium usually in oil; used in bronchography.
  
• ProSom [M0485326]
  
• Prospidium [M0017798]
  An antineoplastic dispiropiperazine derivative.
  
• Prospidium Chloride [M0017799]
  
• Prostacur [M0482906]
  
• Prostaphlin [M0015619]
  
• Prostica [M0482907]
  
• Prostigmine [M0014619]
  
• Prostogenat [M0482908]
  
• Protactyl [M0017699]
  
• Protagent [M0475329]
  
• Protalba [M0353110]
  
• Prothazin [M0017717]
  
• Prothiaden [M0006771]
  
• Prothionamide [M0017903]
  Antitubercular agent similar in action and side effects to ETHIONAMIDE. It is used mostly in combination with other agents.
  
• Protochlorophyllide [M0017912]
  A photo-active pigment localized in prolamellar bodies occurring within the proplastids of dark-grown bean leaves. In the process of photoconversion, the highly fluorescent protochlorophyllide is converted to chlorophyll.
  
• Protochlorophyllide A [M0017913]
  
• Protoporphyrins [M0017916]
  Porphyrins with four methyl, two vinyl, and two propionic acid side chains attached to the pyrrole rings. Protoporphyrin IX occurs in hemoglobin, myoglobin, and most of the cytochromes.
  
• Protoveratrines [M0017920]
  Mixtures of closely related hypotensive alkaloids from Veratrum album (Liliaceae). They have been used in the treatment of hypertension but have largely been replaced by drugs with fewer adverse effects.
  
• Protoverin [M0017919]
  
• Protriptyline [M0017928]
  Tricyclic antidepressant similar in action and side effects to IMIPRAMINE. It may produce excitation.
  
• Protriptyline Hydrochloride [M0329791]
  
• Provatene [M0459882]
  
• Proventil [M0000636]
  
• Providine [M0017410]
  
• Provipen Benzatina [M0459654]
  
• Provocholine [M0351161]
  
• Provokit [M0474177]
  
• Proxanol [M0017134]
  
• Proxen [M0350862]
  
• Prozac [M0008636]
  
• Pryleugan [M0354012]
  
• Pseudoephedrine [M0007541]
  
• Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride [M0423710]
  
• Pseudomurein [M0016241]
  
• Pseudorotaxanes [M0443667]
  
• Psicocen [M0475987]
  
• Psilocybine [M0017970]
  The major of two hallucinogenic components of Teonanacatl, the sacred mushroom of Mexico, the other component being psilocin. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Psoradrate [M0001308]
  
• Psoralens [M0017973]
  Linear furanocoumarins which are found in many PLANTS, especially UMBELLIFERAE and RUTACEAE, as well as PSORALEA from which they were originally discovered. They can intercalate DNA and, in an UV-initiated reaction of the furan portion, alkylate PYRIMIDINES, resulting in PHOTOSENSITIVITY DISORDERS.
  
• Psoriazin [M0351891]
  
• Psoricr�me [M0484991]
  
• Psymion [M0474725]
  
• PT-9 [M0369280]
  
• Pteridines [M0018072]
  Compounds based on pyrazino[2,3-d]pyrimidine which is a pyrimidine fused to a pyrazine, containing four NITROGEN atoms.
  
• Pteridinones [M0445120]
  Pteridines with a 4-keto OXYGEN.
  
• Pterins [M0018073]
  Compounds based on 2-amino-4-hydroxypteridine.
  
• Pterocarpans [M0409595]
  A group of compounds which can be described as benzo-pyrano-furano-benzenes which can be formed from ISOFLAVONES by internal coupling of the B ring to the 4-ketone position. Members include medicarpin, phaseolin, and pisatin which are found in FABACEAE.
  
• Pteroylpolyglutamic Acids [M0018077]
  Derivatives of folic acid (pteroylglutamic acid). In gamma-glutamyl linkage they are found in many tissues. They are converted to folic acid by the action of pteroylpolyglutamate hydrolase or synthesized from folic acid by the action of folate polyglutamate synthetase. Synthetic pteroylpolyglutamic acids, which are in alpha-glutamyl linkage, are active in bacterial growth assays.
  
• Pulmonal S [M0451876]
  
• Pureduct [M0451702]
  
• Puri-Clens [M0459668]
  
• Purines [M0018169]
  A series of heterocyclic compounds that are variously substituted in nature and are known also as purine bases. They include ADENINE and GUANINE, constituents of nucleic acids, as well as many alkaloids such as CAFFEINE and THEOPHYLLINE. Uric acid is the metabolic end product of purine metabolism.
  
• Purinol [M0451688]
  
• Purinones [M0018170]
  
• Putrescine [M0018191]
  A toxic diamine formed by putrefaction from the decarboxylation of arginine and ornithine.
  
• Puvalen [M0354222]
  
• PVP 40 [M0017403]
  
• Pyocefal [M0477849]
  
• Pyocyanine [M0018213]
  Antibiotic pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
  
• Pyopen [M0354303]
  
• Pyquiton [M0361634]
  
• Pyralgin [M0372392]
  
• Pyramidone [M0372300]
  
• Pyran Copolymer [M0018219]
  Copolymer of divinyl ether and maleic anhydride that acts as an immunostimulant with antineoplastic and anti-infective properties. It is used in combination with other antineoplastic agents.
  
• Pyranocoumarins [M0419383]
  A type of COUMARINS with added pyran ring(s).
  
• Pyrans [M0018220]
  
• Pyrantel [M0018221]
  A depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking agent, that causes persistent nicotinic activation resulting in spastic paralysis of susceptible nematodes. It is a drug of second-choice after benzimidazoles for treatment of ascariasis, hookworm, and pinworm infections, being effective after a single dose. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p920)
  
• Pyrantel Pamoate [M0018222]
  Broad spectrum antinematodal anthelmintic used also in veterinary medicine.
  
• Pyrantel Tartrate [M0018223]
  Broad spectrum anthelmintic for livestock.
  
• Pyrazinamide [M0018224]
  A pyrazine that is used therapeutically as an antitubercular agent.
  
• Pyrazines [M0018225]
  
• Pyrazoles [M0018226]
  Azoles of two nitrogens at the 1,2 positions, next to each other, in contrast with IMIDAZOLES in which they are at the 1,3 positions.
  
• Pyrazolin-5-Ones [M0483510]
  
• Pyrazolones [M0456294]
  Compounds with a five-membered heterocyclic ring with two nitrogens and a keto OXYGEN. Some are inhibitors of TNF-ALPHA production.
  
• Pyrenes [M0018227]
  A group of condensed ring hydrocarbons.
  
• Pyrethia [M0017718]
  
• Pyrethrins [M0018228]
  The active insecticidal constituent of CHRYSANTHEMUM CINERARIIFOLIUM flowers. Pyrethrin I is the pyretholone ester of chrysanthemummonocarboxylic acid and pyrethrin II is the pyretholone ester of chrysanthemumdicarboxylic acid monomethyl ester.
  
• Pyrethroids [M0461813]
  
• Pyribenzamine [M0351274]
  
• Pyridazines [M0018232]
  
• Pyridines [M0018233]
  Compounds with a six membered aromatic ring containing NITROGEN. The saturated version is PIPERIDINES.
  
• Pyridinium Compounds [M0018234]
  
• Pyridinolcarbamate [M0018235]
  A drug that has been given by mouth in the treatment of atherosclerosis and other vascular disorders, hyperlipidemias, and thrombo-embolic disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1408)
  
• Pyridium [M0016494]
  
• Pyridones [M0018236]
  Pyridine derivatives with one or more keto groups on the ring.
  
• Pyridostigmine [M0018237]
  
• Pyridostigmine Bromide [M0018238]
  A cholinesterase inhibitor with a slightly longer duration of action than NEOSTIGMINE. It is used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the actions of muscle relaxants.
  
• Pyridoxal [M0018240]
  The 4-carboxyaldehyde form of VITAMIN B 6 which is converted to PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid.
  
• Pyridoxal Phosphate [M0018242]
  This is the active form of VITAMIN B 6 serving as a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate (PYRIDOXAMINE).
  
• Pyridoxamine [M0018243]
  The 4-aminomethyl form of VITAMIN B 6. During transamination of amino acids, PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate.
  
• Pyridoxic Acid [M0018246]
  The catabolic product of most of VITAMIN B 6; (PYRIDOXINE; PYRIDOXAL; and PYRIDOXAMINE) which is excreted in the urine.
  
• Pyridoxine [M0018247]
  The 4-methanol form of VITAMIN B 6 which is converted to PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. Although pyridoxine and Vitamin B 6 are still frequently used as synonyms, especially by medical researchers, this practice is erroneous and sometimes misleading (EE Snell; Ann NY Acad Sci, vol 585 pg 1, 1990).
  
• Pyridoxine Hydrochloride [M0329794]
  
• Pyrilamine [M0018251]
  A histamine H1 antagonist. It has mild hypnotic properties and some local anesthetic action and is used for allergies (including skin eruptions) both parenterally and locally. It is a common ingredient of cold remedies.
  
• Pyrimethamine [M0018253]
  One of the FOLIC ACID ANTAGONISTS that is used as an antimalarial or with a sulfonamide to treat toxoplasmosis.
  
• Pyrimidines [M0018260]
  A family of 6-membered heterocyclic compounds occurring in nature in a wide variety of forms. They include several nucleic acid constituents (CYTOSINE; THYMINE; and URACIL) and form the basic structure of the barbiturates.
  
• Pyrimidinones [M0018261]
  
• Pyrimidones [M0018262]
  
• Pyrisept [M0003977]
  
• Pyrithiamine [M0018263]
  A thiamine antagonist due to its inhibition of thiamine pyrophosphorylation. It is used to produce thiamine deficiency.
  
• Pyrithioxin [M0018266]
  A neurotropic agent which reduces permeability of blood-brain barrier to phosphate. It has no vitamin B6 activity.
  
• Pyrogallol [M0018267]
  
• Pyrogallol Tannins [M0457294]
  
• Pyrones [M0018272]
  Keto-pyrans.
  
• Pyronine [M0018273]
  Xanthene dye used as a bacterial and biological stain. Synonyms: Pyronin; Pyronine G; Pyronine Y. Use also for Pyronine B. which is diethyl-rather than dimethylamino-.
  
• Pyrroles [M0018276]
  Azoles of one NITROGEN and two double bonds that have aromatic chemical properties.
  
• Pyrrolidines [M0018277]
  
• Pyrrolidinones [M0018278]
  A group of compounds that are derivatives of oxo-pyrrolidines. A member of this group is 2-oxo pyrrolidine, which is an intermediate in the manufacture of polyvinylpyrrolidone. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids [M0018283]
  A group of ALKALOIDS, characterized by a nitrogen-containing necine, occurring mainly in plants of the BORAGINACEAE; COMPOSITAE; and LEGUMINOSAE plant families. They can be activated in the liver by hydrolysis of the ester and desaturation of the necine base to reactive electrophilic pyrrolic CYTOTOXINS.
  
• Pyrrolnitrin [M0018285]
  3-Chloro-4-(3-chloro-2-nitrophenyl)pyrrole. Antifungal antibiotic isolated from Pseudomonas pyrrocinia. It is effective mainly against Trichophyton, Microsporium, Epidermophyton, and Penicillium.
  
• Pyrroloiminoquinones [M0458115]
  Derivatives of QUINOLINES with fused PYRROLES and a keto group or INDOLEQUINONES with fused PIPERIDINES.
  
• Pyrrovinyquinium [M0018302]
  
• Pyruvaldehyde [M0018286]
  An organic compound used often as a reagent in organic synthesis, as a flavoring agent, and in tanning. It has been demonstrated as an intermediate in the metabolism of acetone and its derivatives in isolated cell preparations, in various culture media, and in vivo in certain animals.
  
• Pyruvate [M0028720]
  
• Pyruvates [M0018301]
  
• Pyruvic Acid [M0028719]
  An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed)
  
• Pyrvinium Compounds [M0018303]
  
• Quaalude [M0353841]
  
• Quantalan [M0004280]
  
• Quassins [M0410675]
  A group of degraded TRITERPENES which have lost ten carbons (8 from the side chain, C17, and one from C4) so have C20 skeletons which could be misinterpreted as DITERPENES. They especially occur in plants of the SIMAROUBACEAE family.
  
• Quaternary Ammonium Compounds [M0474216]
  Derivatives of ammonium compounds, NH4+ Y-, in which all four of the hydrogens bonded to nitrogen have been replaced with hydrocarbyl groups. These are distinguished from IMINES which are RN=CR2.
  
• Quatrachlor [M0002343]
  
• Quelicin [M0351529]
  
• Quercetin [M0018327]
  A flavonol widely distributed in plants. It is an antioxidant, like many other phenolic heterocyclic compounds. Glycosylated forms include RUTIN and quercetrin.
  
• Questran [M0004281]
  
• Quibron T-SR [M0362252]
  
• Quick-Pep [M0473599]
  
• Quinacrine [M0018330]
  An acridine derivative formerly widely used as an antimalarial but superseded by chloroquine in recent years. It has also been used as an anthelmintic and in the treatment of giardiasis and malignant effusions. It is used in cell biological experiments as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2.
  
• Quinacrine Dihydrochloride [M0329675]
  
• Quinacrine Dihydrochloride, Dihydrate [M0329673]
  
• Quinacrine Dihyrochloride, (R)-Isomer [M0329672]
  
• Quinacrine Dihyrochloride, (S)-Isomer [M0329671]
  
• Quinacrine Dimesylate [M0329670]
  
• Quinacrine Monoacetate [M0329676]
  
• Quinacrine Monohydrochloride [M0018332]
  
• Quinacrine Monomesylate [M0329801]
  
• Quinacrine Mustard [M0018334]
  Nitrogen mustard analog of quinacrine used primarily as a stain in the studies of chromosomes and chromatin. Fluoresces by reaction with nucleic acids in chromosomes.
  
• Quinacrine, (+-)-Isomer [M0329674]
  
• Quinacrine, (R)-Isomer [M0329739]
  
• Quinacrine, (S)-Isomer [M0329802]
  
• Quinaldines [M0018335]
  
• Quinamm [M0475007]
  
• Quinate [M0018340]
  
• Quinazolinediones [M0490630]
  
• Quinazolines [M0018336]
  
• Quinazolinones [M0490629]
  Chemicals with two conjoined aromatic rings incorporating two nitrogen atoms and one of the carbons oxidized with a keto oxygen.
  
• Quinbisan [M0475004]
  
• Quinbisul [M0475006]
  
• Quincardine [M0474992]
  
• Quindan [M0352771]
  
• Quinic Acid [M0018339]
  An acid which is found in cinchona bark and elsewhere in plants. (From Stedman, 26th ed)
  
• Quinidex [M0474993]
  
• Quinidine [M0018341]
  An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the Cinchona tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular action potential, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.
  
• Quinidine Sulfate [M0018342]
  
• Quinimax [M0352772]
  
• Quinine [M0018346]
  An alkaloid derived from the bark of the cinchona tree. It is used as an antimalarial drug, and is the active ingredient in extracts of the cinchona that have been used for that purpose since before 1633. Quinine is also a mild antipyretic and analgesic and has been used in common cold preparations for that purpose. It was used commonly and as a bitter and flavoring agent, and is still useful for the treatment of babesiosis. Quinine is also useful in some muscular disorders, especially nocturnal leg cramps and myotonia congenita, because of its direct effects on muscle membrane and sodium channels. The mechanisms of its antimalarial effects are not well understood.
  
• Quinine Bisulfate [M0018347]
  
• Quinine Hydrochloride [M0018348]
  
• Quinine Lafran [M0475000]
  
• Quinine Sulfate [M0018349]
  
• Quinine-Odan [M0475008]
  
• Quinoctal [M0475009]
  
• Quinodis [M0478259]
  
• Quinolinate [M0373102]
  
• Quinolines [M0018350]
  
• Quinolinic Acid [M0026392]
  A metabolite of tryptophan with a possible role in neurodegenerative disorders. Elevated CSF levels of quinolinic acid are correlated with the severity of neuropsychological deficits in patients who have AIDS.
  
• Quinolinic Acid, Copper(2+) Salt [M0329213]
  
• Quinolinic Acid, Disodium Salt [M0329212]
  
• Quinolinic Acid, Strontium Salt [M0329214]
  
• Quinolinic Acids [M0018351]
  
• Quinolinium Compounds [M0018352]
  
• Quinolizines [M0018353]
  
• Quinolones [M0023650]
  A group of derivatives of naphthyridine carboxylic acid, quinoline carboxylic acid, or NALIDIXIC ACID.
  
• Quinones [M0018356]
  Hydrocarbon rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.
  
• Quinora [M0018343]
  
• Quinosol [M0023267]
  
• Quinoxalines [M0018357]
  
• Quinpirole [M0028678]
  A dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist.
  
• Quinpirole Hydrochloride [M0329183]
  
• Quinuclidines [M0018359]
  
• Quinuclidinyl Benzilate [M0018360]
  A high-affinity muscarinic antagonist commonly used as a tool in animal and tissue studies.
  
• Quipazine [M0018361]
  A pharmacologic congener of serotonin that contracts smooth muscle and has actions similar to those of tricyclic antidepressants. It has been proposed as an oxytocic.
  
• Quipazine Hydrochloride [M0329679]
  
• Quipazine Maleate [M0329677]
  
• Quipazine Maleate (1:1) [M0329678]
  
• Quixin [M0455954]
  
• Quomen [M0465419]
  
• R-14,889 [M0013760]
  
• R-1406 [M0352602]
  
• R-14950 [M0008589]
  
• R-16341 [M0373871]
  
• R-16470 [M0006103]
  
• R-17934 [M0353565]
  
• R-18553 [M0012693]
  
• R-1929 [M0351991]
  
• R-209 [M0350868]
  
• R-25061 [M0351747]
  
• R-26490 [M0353305]
  
• R-30730 [M0353406]
  
• R-33,812 [M0353403]
  
• R-39209 [M0353404]
  
• R-41,468 [M0353421]
  
• R-41400 [M0353370]
  
• R-4263 [M0369370]
  
• R-43-512 [M0353548]
  
• R-51211 [M0353161]
  
• R-516 [M0353364]
  
• R-51619 [M0350866]
  
• R-55667 [M0372649]
  
• R-6238 [M0353569]
  
• R-64,766 [M0373306]
  
• R17635 [M0353561]
  
• R818 [M0353407]
  
• RA-233 [M0374384]
  
• Racemethorphan [M0006140]
  
• Racemorphan [M0012438]
  
• Raceophenidol [M0021327]
  
• Racepinephrine [M0007589]
  
• Raclopride [M0132672]
  A substituted benzamide that has antipsychotic properties. It is a dopamine D2 receptor (see RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE D2) antagonist.
  
• Raclopride C11 [M0332592]
  
• Radecol [M0350692]
  
• Radedorm [M0353486]
  
• Radenarkon [M0353306]
  
• Radewerm [M0350857]
  
• Radio-Hippuran [M0011663]
  
• Rafoxanide [M0018456]
  Veterinary anthelmintic for grazing animals; used to treat fluke, hookworm and other infestations.
  
• Ralgro [M0352050]
  
• Ralone [M0352049]
  
• Raloxifene [M0112968]
  A second generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It has estrogen agonist effects on bone and cholesterol metabolism but behaves as a complete estrogen antagonist on mammary gland and uterine tissue.
  
• Raloxifene Hydrochloride [M0112969]
  
• Ralozam [M0432035]
  
• Ramipril [M0026184]
  A long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is a prodrug that is transformed in the liver to its active metabolite ramiprilat.
  
• Ramodar [M0352580]
  
• Ranide [M0351063]
  
• Ranisen [M0353204]
  
• Ranitidine [M0018469]
  A non-imidazole blocker of those histamine receptors that mediate gastric secretion (H2 receptors). It is used to treat gastrointestinal ulcers.
  
• Ranitidine Hydrochloride [M0353202]
  
• Rapamune [M0352046]
  
• Rapenton [M0374383]
  
• Rapidal [M0476194]
  
• ratio-Benzydamine [M0477229]
  
• ratio-Buspirone [M0465833]
  
• ratio-Desipramine [M0485019]
  
• ratio-Domperidone [M0492510]
  
• ratio-Flurbiprofen [M0478667]
  
• ratio-Levobunolol [M0463369]
  
• ratio-Nortriptyline [M0464781]
  
• ratio-Sertraline [M0475550]
  
• ratio-Sulfasalazine [M0475936]
  
• ratio-Trazodone [M0476876]
  
• Raunervil [M0353125]
  
• Raupasil [M0353124]
  
• Rausedil [M0353123]
  
• Rauverid [M0431869]
  
• Rauwolfia Alkaloids [M0018533]
  Alkaloids from Rauwolfia serpentina Benth and other species. The prototype is RESERPINE, which is a depleter of catecholamines and serotonin from the sympathetic postganglionic fibers and brain areas. They have been used in hypertension and psychoses despite their wide range of potentially adverse effects.
  
• Rauwolscine [M0023106]
  
• Razoxane [M0018535]
  An antimitotic agent with immunosuppressive properties. Dexrazoxane, the (+)-enantiomorph of razoxane, provides cardioprotection against anthracycline toxicity. It appears to inhibit formation of a toxic iron-anthracycline complex.
  
• Razoxane Mesylate, (R)-Isomer [M0329684]
  
• Razoxane, (R)-Isomer [M0329683]
  
• Razoxane, (S)-Isomer [M0329682]
  
• Razoxin [M0018539]
  
• Re-Azo [M0474757]
  
• Reapam [M0475492]
  
• Recofol [M0476037]
  
• Redergam [M0352812]
  
• Redergin [M0352816]
  
• Reducterol [M0460118]
  
• Redux [M0328964]
  
• Refusal [M0485242]
  
• Regadrin B [M0460531]
  
• Regenon [M0432371]
  
• Regibon [M0432372]
  
• Regitine [M0016540]
  
• Reglan [M0013680]
  
• Reisegold [M0485148]
  
• Reisetabletten L�nopharm [M0485147]
  
• Reisetabletten Stada [M0485146]
  
• Reisetabletten-ratiopharm [M0485145]
  
• Relanium [M0006236]
  
• Relatrac [M0440416]
  
• Relenza [M0338009]
  
• Remestan [M0476095]
  
• Remid [M0451701]
  
• Reminyl [M0380976]
  Name of the FDA approved preparation from J&J.
  
• Remnos [M0476766]
  
• Remontal [M0463287]
  
• Remoxipride [M0026320]
  An antipsychotic agent that is specific for dopamine D2 receptors. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of schizophrenia.
  
• Remoxipride Hydrochloride [M0329310]
  
• Remoxipride Monohydrochloride [M0329312]
  
• Remoxipride Monohydrochloride Monohydrate [M0329311]
  
• Remoxipride Monohydrochloride, (R)-Isomer [M0329313]
  
• Remoxipride, (R)-Isomer [M0329316]
  
• Remsed [M0017707]
  
• Renedil [M0478130]
  
• Renese [M0353608]
  
• Reno 60 [M0350708]
  
• Reno M-Dip [M0350707]
  
• Renografin [M0350706]
  
• Renografin M-76 [M0350705]
  
• Repeltin [M0431989]
  
• Reranil [M0352341]
  
• Rescriptor [M0029715]
  
• Reserpine [M0018861]
  An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into storage vesicles resulting in depletion of catecholamines and serotonin from central and peripheral axon terminals. It has been used as an antihypertensive and an antipsychotic as well as a research tool, but its adverse effects limit its clinical use.
  
• Resimatil [M0475726]
  
• Resorcinols [M0018877]
  
• Restoril [M0476098]
  
• Restryl [M0351271]
  
• Retin-A [M0021881]
  
• Retinal Pigments [M0018950]
  Chemicals functioning in the visual cycle in retinal rod cells. Through excitation by visible light, a series of complex molecular changes occur that serve to trigger in the optical nerve endings an impulse transmitted to the brain, resulting in the perception of vision.
  
• Retinaldehyde [M0018957]
  A carotenoid constituent of visual pigments. It is the oxidized form of retinol which functions as the active component of the visual cycle. It is bound to the protein opsin forming the complex rhodopsin. When stimulated by visible light, the retinal component of the rhodopsin complex undergoes isomerization at the 11-position of the double bond to the cis-form; this is reversed in "dark" reactions to return to the native trans-configuration.
  
• Retinoids [M0018962]
  A group of tetraterpenes, with four terpene units joined head-to-tail. Biologically active members of this class are used clinically in the treatment of severe cystic ACNE; PSORIASIS; and other disorders of keratinization.
  
• Retinol [M0370269]
  
• Retolen [M0434830]
  
• Retroplast [M0361923]
  
• REV-5320A [M0026216]
  
• Revanil [M0463976]
  
• Reverin [M0363597]
  
• Reversible Inhibitors of Monoamine Oxidase [M0332170]
  RIMA shows preference for the A isoenzyme
  
• ReVia [M0462925]
  
• Revivon [M0006530]
  
• Rexigen [M0017774]
  
• Rezipas [M0351704]
  
• Rheumabene [M0485231]
  
• Rheumox [M0440884]
  
• Rhodamine [M0019039]
  
• Rhodamine 123 [M0029850]
  A fluorescent probe with low toxicity which is a potent substrate for P-glycoprotein and the bacterial multidrug efflux transporter. It is used to assess mitochondrial bioenergetics in living cells and to measure the efflux activity of P-glycoprotein in both normal and malignant cells. (Leukemia 1997;11(7):1124-30)
  
• Rhodamines [M0019038]
  A family of 3,6-di(substituted-amino)-9-benzoate derivatives of xanthene that are used as dyes and as indicators for various metals; also used as fluorescent tracers in histochemistry.
  
• Rhodanine [M0019040]
  
• Rhotral [M0431329]
  
• Rhoxal-nitrazepam [M0476767]
  
• Rhoxal-sertraline [M0475551]
  
• Rhythmin [M0475880]
  
• Rhythmodan [M0369570]
  
• Ribocarbo [M0477273]
  
• Ribodoxo [M0479796]
  
• Riboflavin [M0019064]
  Nutritional factor found in milk, eggs, malted barley, liver, kidney, heart, and leafy vegetables. The richest natural source is yeast. It occurs in the free form only in the retina of the eye, in whey, and in urine; its principal forms in tissues and cells are as FLAVIN MONONUCLEOTIDE and FLAVIN-ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE.
  
• Ribrain [M0002432]
  
• Ridaura [M0001972]
  
• Ridauran [M0440874]
  
• Ridene [M0463051]
  
• Ridzol [M0352085]
  
• Rifabutin [M0026934]
  A broad-spectrum antibiotic that is being used as prophylaxis against disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection in HIV-positive patients.
  
• Rifadin [M0019111]
  
• Rifampin [M0019110]
  A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)
  
• Rifamycins [M0019113]
  A group of ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS characterized by a chromophoric naphthohydroquinone group spanned by an aliphatic bridge not previously found in other known ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS. They have been isolated from fermentation broths of Streptomyces mediterranei.
  
• Rifedot [M0434831]
  
• Rilutek [M0029348]
  
• Riluzole [M0029347]
  A glutamate antagonist (RECEPTORS, GLUTAMATE) used as an anticonvulsant (ANTICONVULSANTS) and to prolong the survival of patients with AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS.
  
• RIMA (Reversible Inhibitor of Monoamine Oxidase A) [M0332172]
  
• Rimactan [M0373213]
  
• Rimactane [M0019112]
  
• Rimantadine [M0019119]
  An RNA synthesis inhibitor that is used as an antiviral agent in the prophylaxis and treatment of influenza.
  
• Rimantadine Hydrochloride [M0351818]
  
• Rimaon [M0007809]
  
• Rimapurinol [M0451700]
  
• Rimbol [M0434832]
  
• Rimetin [M0013682]
  
• Rimoc [M0474411]
  
• Rimso [M0352389]
  
• Rimso 100 [M0352388]
  
• Rimso-50 [M0485232]
  
• Risperdal Consta [M0455956]
  Injectable form of risperidone that is encapsulated in MICROSPHERES.
  
• Risperidal [M0373307]
  
• Risperidone [M0028338]
  A selective blocker of DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS and SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTORS that acts as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It has been shown to improve both positive and negative symptoms in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.
  
• Ritalin [M0351723]
  
• Ritalin-SR [M0474255]
  
• Ritanserin [M0025455]
  A selective and potent serotonin-2 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of a variety of syndromes related to anxiety and depression. The drug also improves the subjective quality of sleep and decreases portal pressure.
  
• Ritanserin Hydrochloride [M0329416]
  
• Ritanserin Tartrate [M0329415]
  
• Ritmilen [M0369569]
  
• Ritodrine [M0019137]
  Adrenergic beta-agonist used to control premature labor.
  
• Ritodrine Hydrochloride [M0475060]
  
• Ritonavir [M0028918]
  An HIV protease inhibitor that works by interfering with the reproductive cycle of HIV.
  
• Rivanol [M0007810]
  
• Rivotril [M0004603]
  
• RMI-9918 [M0351835]
  
• RMS-431 [M0350937]
  
• Ro 07-0582 [M0352078]
  
• Ro 10-1670 [M0351967]
  
• Ro 10-9359 [M0351972]
  
• Ro 11-1163 [M0106134]
  
• Ro 15-1788 [M0353482]
  
• Ro 2-2985 [M0353165]
  
• Ro 21-3981 [M0013844]
  
• Ro 23-6240 [M0353990]
  
• Ro 31-2848 [M0373296]
  
• Ro 31-8959 [M0353770]
  
• Ro 4-1284 [M0464471]
  
• Ro 4-3780 [M0351975]
  
• Ro 4-4393 [M0350924]
  
• Ro 4-4602 [M0002316]
  
• Ro 40-5967 [M0167267]
  
• Ro 5-2180 [M0353481]
  
• Ro 5-3350 [M0353440]
  
• Ro 5-4023 [M0353442]
  
• Ro 5-4556 [M0013188]
  
• Ro 7-0207 [M0352084]
  
• Ro-1-7977 [M0363599]
  
• Ro-13-7652 [M0026180]
  
• Ro-21-5998-001 [M0353901]
  
• RO-5-4200 [M0353483]
  
• Ro-5-5345 [M0353493]
  
• Ro13-9904 [M0003732]
  
• Roaccutane [M0023832]
  
• Robaxin [M0013585]
  
• Robenidine [M0019227]
  An anticoccidial agent mainly for poultry.
  
• Robenidine Hydrochloride [M0019229]
  
• Robenz [M0350970]
  
• Robenzidine [M0019228]
  
• Robidone [M0450400]
  
• Rocephin [M0351053]
  
• Rocornal [M0353162]
  
• Rodex [M0018249]
  
• Rodilone [M0352359]
  
• Rodovan [M0485154]
  
• Roflual [M0475051]
  
• Rogaine [M0454898]
  
• Rogitine [M0474447]
  
• Rohypnol [M0008591]
  
• Rolipram [M0067312]
  A phosphodiesterase inhibitor with antidepressant properties.
  
• Rolitetracycline [M0019254]
  A pyrrolidinylmethyl TETRACYCLINE.
  
• Rolitetracycline Hydrochloride [M0329690]
  
• Rolitetracycline Monohydrochloride [M0329694]
  
• Rolitetracycline Mononitrate [M0329691]
  
• Rolitetracycline Mononitrate, Sesquihydrate [M0329692]
  
• Rolitetracycline Nitrate [M0329695]
  
• Romadin [M0434833]
  
• Romazicon [M0478581]
  
• Rombellin [M0460661]
  
• Romotal [M0021009]
  
• Rompun [M0372556]
  
• Rondomycin [M0350806]
  
• Roniacol [M0014844]
  
• Ronicol Retard [M0014843]
  
• Ronida [M0475066]
  
• Ronidazole [M0019258]
  Antiprotozoal and antimicrobial agent used mainly in veterinary practice.
  
• Rosaniline Dyes [M0019268]
  Compounds that contain the triphenylmethane aniline structure found in rosaniline. Many of them have a characteristic magenta color and are used as COLORING AGENTS.
  
• Rose Bengal [M0019269]
  A bright bluish pink compound that has been used as a dye, biological stain, and diagnostic aid.
  
• Rose Bengal Sodium I 125 [M0019270]
  
• Rose Bengal Sodium I 131 [M0019271]
  
• Rotaxanes [M0411620]
  Complex compounds in which a dumbbell shaped molecule is encircled by a macrocycle. They are named after rota (wheel) and axis (axle). Notation with a prefix is used to indicate the number of interlocked components. They have potential use in NANOTECHNOLOGY. Rotaxanes have been made with CYCLODEXTRINS and CYCLIC ETHERS.
  
• Rotenone [M0019281]
  A botanical insecticide that is an inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport.
  
• Rotesan [M0475123]
  
• Rotramin [M0475124]
  
• Roucol [M0451699]
  
• Rovamycin [M0352030]
  
• Rovamycine [M0475714]
  
• R�wo Procain [M0475899]
  
• Roxanthin Red 10 [M0351958]
  
• Roxarsone [M0019285]
  An arsenic derivative which has anticoccidial action and promotes growth in animals.
  
• Roxi 1A Pharma [M0475125]
  
• Roxi Basics [M0475129]
  
• Roxi TAD [M0475130]
  
• roxi von ct [M0475131]
  
• Roxi-Puren [M0475132]
  
• Roxi-Q [M0475133]
  
• Roxi-saar [M0475134]
  
• Roxi-Wolff [M0475135]
  
• Roxibeta [M0475137]
  
• roxidura [M0475138]
  
• Roxigamma [M0475139]
  
• Roxigr�n [M0475140]
  
• Roxihexal [M0475141]
  
• Roxithro-Lich [M0475142]
  
• Roxithromycin [M0023927]
  Semisynthetic derivative of erythromycin. It is concentrated by human phagocytes and is bioactive intracellularly. While the drug is active against a wide spectrum of pathogens, it is particularly effective in the treatment of respiratory and genital tract infections.
  
• RP-54274 [M0373929]
  
• RR-32705 [M0352041]
  
• RU 28965 [M0352026]
  
• RU 965 [M0352025]
  
• Ru-24756 [M0361542]
  
• Ru-43280 [M0333653]
  
• Ru-Vert-M [M0013181]
  
• Rubber [M0019289]
  A high-molecular-weight polymeric elastomer derived from the milk juice (LATEX) of HEVEA brasiliensis and other trees and plants. It is a substance that can be stretched at room temperature to at least twice its original length and after releasing the stress, retract rapidly, and recover its original dimensions fully.
  
• Rubeomycin A [M0003575]
  
• Rubeomycin A1 [M0003576]
  
• Rubex [M0479798]
  
• Rubidium Trichloroacetate [M0021918]
  
• RubieMen [M0485153]
  
• Rufen [M0010973]
  
• Rufol [M0475901]
  
• Rulide [M0475122]
  
• Rumensin [M0014008]
  
• Rumergan [M0017708]
  
• Rusedal [M0474748]
  
• Rutamycin [M0019312]
  A macrolide antibiotic of the oligomycin group, obtained from Streptomyces rutgersensis. It is used in cytochemistry as a tool to inhibit various ATPases and to uncouple oxidative phosphorylation from electron transport and also clinically as an antifungal agent.
  
• Rutin [M0019316]
  A flavonol glycoside found in many plants, including BUCKWHEAT; TOBACCO; FORSYTHIA; HYDRANGEA; VIOLA, etc. It has been used therapeutically to decrease capillary fragility.
  
• RX-781094 [M0353242]
  
• Ryanodine [M0019318]
  A methylpyrrole-carboxylate from RYANIA that disrupts the RYANODINE RECEPTOR CALCIUM RELEASE CHANNEL to modify CALCIUM release from SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM resulting in alteration of MUSCLE CONTRACTION. It was previously used in INSECTICIDES. It is used experimentally in conjunction with THAPSIGARGIN and other inhibitors of CALCIUM ATPASE uptake of calcium into SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM.
  
• Rythmol [M0017738]
  
• Rytmarone [M0433220]
  
• Rytmil [M0477696]
  
• Rytmo-Puren [M0476003]
  
• Rytmogenat [M0476002]
  
• S 1021 [M0373514]
  
• S 640-P [M0351078]
  
• S-1520 [M0350902]
  
• S-1702 [M0329006]
  
• S-3151 [M0376891]
  
• S-6472 [M0351073]
  
• S-852 [M0329005]
  
• S-9490 [M0129807]
  
• S-Butyrylthiocholine Iodide [M0003117]
  
• S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine [M0119954]
  A sulfur-containing alkyl thionitrite that is one of the NITRIC OXIDE DONORS.
  
• S-Nitrosoglutathione [M0083739]
  A sulfur-containing alkyl thionitrite that is one of the NITRIC OXIDE DONORS.
  
• S-Nitrosothiols [M0101742]
  A group of organic sulfur-containing nitrites, alkyl thionitrites. S-Nitrosothiols include compounds such as S-NITROSO-N-ACETYLPENICILLAMINE and S-NITROSOGLUTATHIONE.
  
• SA-79 [M0352000]
  
• Saccharin [M0019327]
  Flavoring agent and non-nutritive sweetener.
  
• Saccharin Calcium [M0019328]
  
• Saccharin Sodium [M0361498]
  
• Sadamin [M0352647]
  
• Sadoplon 75 [M0351504]
  
• Safrole [M0019345]
  Constituent of several essential oils, notably sassafras. It has been used as a topical antiseptic and it is carcinogenic to the liver so it is no longer used as a flavoring agent in foods.
  
• Sagatal [M0016183]
  
• SaH 47-603 [M0353492]
  
• Sal-Phedrine [M0485310]
  
• Salagen [M0016862]
  
• Salazopyrin [M0019366]
  
• Salicylamides [M0019360]
  Amides of salicylic acid.
  
• Salicylanilides [M0019361]
  2-Hydroxy-N-phenylbenzamides. N-phenyl substituted salicylamides. Derivatives have been used as fungicides, anti-mildew agents and topical antifungal agents. In concentrated form may cause irritation of skin and mucous membranes.
  
• Salicylates [M0019362]
  The salts, esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.
  
• Salicylic Acid [M0029886]
  A compound obtained from the bark of the white willow and wintergreen leaves, and also prepared synthetically. It has bacteriostatic, fungicidal, and keratolytic actions. Its salts, the salicylates, are used as analgesics. (From Dorland's, 28th ed)
  
• Salicylic Acids [M0019370]
  Derivatives and salts of SALICYLIC ACID.
  
• Salix (brand of furosemide) [M0350912]
  
• Salpix [M0000148]
  
• Salprofen [M0010968]
  
• Salsoline Alkaloids [M0019405]
  Tetrahydroisoquinolinol alkaloids in both dextro and levo forms, originally found in SALSOLA plants.
  
• Salvarsan [M0352105]
  
• Salyrgan [M0352116]
  
• Sandomigran [M0016931]
  
• Sanorex [M0353738]
  
• Sansert [M0013675]
  
• Santonin [M0019417]
  Anthelmintic isolated from the dried unexpanded flower heads of Artemisia maritima and other species of Artemisia found principally in Russian and Chinese Turkestan and the Southern Ural region. (From Merck, 11th ed.)
  
• Santoquin [M0362111]
  
• Saquinavir [M0028681]
  An HIV protease inhibitor which acts as an analog of an HIV protease cleavage site. It is a highly specific inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases.
  
• Saquinavir Monomethanesulfonate [M0329184]
  
• Sarafem [M0496772]
  
• Saroten [M0000977]
  
• Sarotex [M0433229]
  
• Satric [M0013706]
  
• Saxitoxin [M0019455]
  A compound that contains a reduced PURINE ring system but is not biosynthetically related to the purine alkaloids. It is a poison found in certain edible mollusks at certain times; elaborated by GONYAULAX and consumed by mollusks, fishes, etc. without ill effects. It is neurotoxic and causes RESPIRATORY PARALYSIS and other effects in MAMMALS, known as paralytic SHELLFISH poisoning.
  
• SC-13957 [M0369571]
  
• SC-19220 [M0464472]
  
• Scabecid [M0463941]
  
• Scabisan [M0463942]
  
• Scandinibsa [M0473983]
  
• Scandonest [M0473984]
  
• SCE-129 [M0003728]
  
• SCE-1365 [M0351047]
  
• SCE-963 [M0023571]
  
• Sch-1000 [M0014398]
  
• Sch-10304 [M0352606]
  
• Sch-1178 [M0014400]
  
• SCH-13521 [M0350854]
  
• SCH-19927 [M0012097]
  
• Sch-23388 [M0024709]
  
• Sch-23390 [M0464473]
  
• Sch-29851 [M0350544]
  
• Schiff Bases [M0019474]
  Condensation products of aromatic amines and aldehydes forming azomethines substituted on the N atom, containing the general formula R-N:CHR. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
  
• Sclerosol [M0485230]
  
• Scoburen [M0475515]
  
• Scopace [M0475512]
  
• Scopolamine [M0019553]
  An alkaloid from Solanaceae, especially Datura metel L. and Scopola carniolica. Scopolamine and its quaternary derivatives act as antimuscarinics like atropine, but may have more central nervous system effects. Among the many uses are as an anesthetic premedication, in urinary incontinence, in motion sickness, as an antispasmodic, and as a mydriatic and cycloplegic.
  
• Scopolamine Cooper [M0475516]
  
• Scopolamine Derivatives [M0019555]
  Analogs or derivatives of scopolamine.
  
• Scopolamine Hydrobromide [M0019554]
  
• Scopolan [M0353025]
  
• Scopoletin [M0019556]
  Plant growth factor derived from the root of Scopolia carniolica or Scopolia japonica.
  
• Scorbo-b�ta�ne [M0460092]
  
• Scott-Tussin [M0352305]
  
• SDZ 202-250 [M0369447]
  
• SE-30 [M0019857]
  
• Sealdin [M0475552]
  
• Sebaquin [M0485375]
  
• Sebar [M0475526]
  
• Sebical [M0431995]
  
• Sebidin A [M0350942]
  
• Secobarbital [M0019587]
  A barbiturate that is used as a sedative. Secobarbital is reported to have no anti-anxiety activity.
  
• Secobarbital Sodium [M0475524]
  
• Secoiridoid Glucosides [M0056188]
  
• Secoiridoids [M0419652]
  
• Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids [M0456000]
  Compounds formed by condensation of secologanin with tryptamine resulting in a tetrahydro-beta-carboline which is processed further to a number of bioactive compounds. These are especially found in plants of the APOCYNACEAE; LOGANIACEAE; and RUBIACEAE families.
  
• Seconal [M0373214]
  
• Seconal Sodium [M0475525]
  
• Sectral [M0000101]
  
• Sectrazide [M0373030]
  
• Securopen [M0002079]
  
• Sedes A [M0352401]
  
• Sedicepan [M0464811]
  
• Sedoval [M0332437]
  
• Seduxen [M0006237]
  
• Seffin [M0003829]
  
• Sefril [M0351081]
  
• Seglor [M0006400]
  
• Segontin [M0017545]
  
• Sekumatic [M0483117]
  
• Selacryn [M0351757]
  
• Seldane [M0025308]
  
• Selectol [M0350548]
  
• Selegiline [M0019601]
  A selective, irreversible inhibitor of Type B monoamine oxidase. It is used in newly diagnosed patients with Parkinson's disease. It may slow progression of the clinical disease and delay the requirement for levodopa therapy. It also may be given with levodopa upon onset of disability. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p385) The compound without isomeric designation is Deprenyl.
  
• Selegiline Hydrochloride, (R)-Isomer [M0329708]
  
• Selegiline Hydrochloride, (R,S)-Isomer [M0329706]
  
• Selegiline Hydrochloride, (S)-Isomer [M0329711]
  
• Selegiline, (R,S)-Isomer [M0329712]
  
• Selegiline, (S)-Isomer [M0329710]
  
• Selexid [M0351099]
  
• Seloken [M0013685]
  
• Semap [M0474740]
  
• Semicarbazides [M0019633]
  
• Semicarbazones [M0019634]
  
• Semustine [M0019643]
  4-Methyl derivative of LOMUSTINE; (CCNU). An antineoplastic agent which functions as an alkylating agent.
  
• Sendran [M0361420]
  
• Senecio Alkaloids [M0018284]
  
• Senokot [M0019649]
  
• Sensit [M0008326]
  
• Sensorcaine [M0003050]
  
• S�pou [M0467634]
  
• Septacef [M0477839]
  
• Septra [M0024014]
  
• Septrin [M0024015]
  
• Serax [M0353488]
  
• Serc [M0002431]
  
• Serenade [M0476768]
  
• Serenol [M0431870]
  
• Serentil [M0013484]
  
• Sermion [M0352830]
  
• Sernyl [M0016497]
  
• Serophene [M0004590]
  
• Serotonin [M0019683]
  A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Multiple receptor families (RECEPTORS, SEROTONIN) explain the broad physiological actions and distribution of this biochemical mediator.
  
• Seroxat [M0026388]
  
• Serpasil [M0353121]
  
• Serpivite [M0475023]
  
• Sertan [M0373163]
  
• Sertraline [M0029930]
  A selective serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of depression.
  
• Sertraline Hydrochloride [M0329071]
  
• Serylan [M0016498]
  
• Sesquiterpenes [M0019703]
  
• Sesquiterpenes, Eudesmane [M0449331]
  SESQUITERPENES cyclized into two adjoining cyclohexane rings but with a different configuration from the ARTEMISININS.
  
• Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane [M0449332]
  SESQUITERPENES cyclized to one 10-carbon ring.
  
• Sesquiterpenes, Guaiane [M0449333]
  SESQUITERPENES cyclized into two adjoining rings, one being 7-carbons and the other is 5-carbons.
  
• Sesquiterpenes, Guaianolide [M0449334]
  
• Sevin [M0351481]
  
• SG-75 [M0352053]
  
• Shiga Toxin [M0087738]
  A toxin produced by SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE. It is the prototype of class of toxins that inhibit protein synthesis by blocking the interaction of ribosomal RNA; (RNA, RIBOSOMAL) with PEPTIDE ELONGATION FACTORS.
  
• Shiga Toxins [M0087741]
  A class of toxins that inhibit protein synthesis by blocking the interaction of ribosomal RNA; (RNA, RIBOSOMAL) with PEPTIDE ELONGATION FACTORS. They include SHIGA TOXIN which is produced by SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE and a variety of shiga-like toxins that are produced by pathologic strains of ESCHERICHIA COLI such as ESCHERICHIA COLI O157.
  
• Shiga-Like Toxin I [M0087739]
  A toxin produced by certain pathogenic strains of ESCHERICHIA COLI such as ESCHERICHIA COLI O157. It is closely related to SHIGA TOXIN produced by SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE.
  
• Shiga-Like Toxin II [M0087735]
  A toxin produced by certain pathogenic strains of ESCHERICHIA COLI such as ESCHERICHIA COLI O157. It is shares 50-60% homology with SHIGA TOXIN and SHIGA-LIKE TOXIN I.
  
• Shikimic Acid [M0019775]
  A tri-hydroxy cyclohexene carboxylic acid important in biosynthesis of so many compounds that the shikimate pathway is named after it.
  
• Shikimol [M0019346]
  
• Shiomarin [M0014143]
  
• Sialor [M0001172]
  
• Sibazon [M0006230]
  
• Sibelium [M0008588]
  
• Siderophores [M0026201]
  Low-molecular-weight compounds produced by microorganisms that aid in the transport and sequestration of ferric iron. (The Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, 1994)
  
• Signopam [M0021140]
  
• Silentan Nefopam [M0463011]
  
• Silicone Elastomers [M0019858]
  Polymers of silicone that are formed by crosslinking and treatment with amorphous silica to increase strength. They have properties similar to vulcanized natural rubber, in that they stretch under tension, retract rapidly, and fully recover to their original dimensions upon release. They are used in the encapsulation of surgical membranes and implants.
  
• Silicone Gels [M0029741]
  Synthetic organosiloxane gels that are formed from synthetic polymers of silicone oxide with organic sidechains (polydimethylsiloxane) by lengthening the polymer chains. Unlike silicone elastomers, they are not treated with amorphous silica. They are used as fillers in breast implants.
  
• Silicone Oils [M0019860]
  Organic siloxanes which are polymerized to the oily stage. The oils have low surface tension and density less than 1. They are used in industrial applications and in the treatment of retinal detachment, complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
  
• Silicones [M0019861]
  A broad family of synthetic organosiloxane polymers containing a repeating silicon-oxygen backbone with organic side groups attached via carbon-silicon bonds. Depending on their structure, they are classified as liquids, gels, and elastomers. (From Merck Index, 12th ed)
  
• Silubin [M0003016]
  
• Silubin Retard [M0465161]
  
• Silux [M0329221]
  
• Silvadene [M0350921]
  
• Silvederma [M0475868]
  
• Silver Pefloxacin [M0023654]
  
• Silver Sulfadiazine [M0019872]
  Antibacterial used topically in burn therapy.
  
• Silymarin [M0019873]
  A mixture of flavonoids extracted from seeds of the MILK THISTLE, Silybum marianum. It consists primarily of silybin and its isomers, silicristin and silidianin. Silymarin displays antioxidant and membrane stabilizing activity. It protects various tissues and organs against chemical injury, and shows potential as an antihepatoxic agent.
  
• Simazine [M0019881]
  A triazine herbicide.
  
• Simethicone [M0019885]
  A poly(dimethylsiloxane) which is a polymer of 200-350 units of dimethylsiloxane, along with added SILICA GEL. It is used as an antiflatulent, surfactant, and ointment base.
  
• Simplex P [M0030003]
  
• Simprox [M0434849]
  
• Simvastatin [M0029425]
  A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It may also interfere with steroid hormone production. Due to the induction of hepatic LDL RECEPTORS, it increases breakdown of LDL CHOLESTEROL.
  
• SIN-10 [M0353344]
  
• Sinapsan [M0474906]
  
• Sinequan [M0006783]
  
• Sinestron [M0464812]
  
• Sinkumar [M0372274]
  
• Sinografin [M0006225]
  
• Sinophenin [M0354123]
  
• Sintex [M0351423]
  
• Sinthrome [M0000106]
  
• Sintrom [M0372275]
  
• Siozwo [M0462899]
  
• Sirolimus [M0029863]
  A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation of cytokines thereby inhibiting cytokine production. It is bioactive only when bound to IMMUNOPHILINS. Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressant and possesses both antifungal and antineoplastic properties.
  
• SK&F 88373-2 [M0023553]
  
• SK&F D 39162 [M0352110]
  
• SK&F-104864-A [M0352761]
  
• SK&F-18667 [M0350683]
  
• SK&F-38393 [M0023985]
  
• SK&F-525-A [M0017596]
  
• SK&F-60771 [M0351077]
  
• SK&F-62979 [M0353547]
  
• SK&F-75073 [M0351020]
  
• SK&F-82526 [M0353541]
  
• SK&F-92058 [M0352396]
  
• SK&F-92334 [M0350951]
  
• SK&F-92676 [M0351067]
  
• Skatole [M0019919]
  
• Skatta Tick Flea Louse Powder [M0467633]
  
• SKF 33134-A [M0353572]
  
• SKF-62698 [M0351756]
  
• SKF-75073-2 [M0024189]
  
• SKF-82526J [M0028174]
  
• SKF-88373 [M0023554]
  
• Skimmetin [M0022243]
  
• Sklerofibrat [M0460532]
  
• Skopyl [M0029438]
  
• SL-25 [M0351789]
  
• SL-75212 [M0024178]
  
• Slo-Phyllin [M0021291]
  
• Slow Trasicor [M0015662]
  
• Smokeless [M0463947]
  
• SN-11841 [M0372294]
  
• SN-307 [M0353339]
  
• Sn-DTPA [M0006870]
  
• Sodiopen [M0477467]
  
• Sodipen [M0477468]
  
• Sodipental [M0476448]
  
• Sodium 2,6-Dichloroindophenol [M0023205]
  
• Sodium Acetate [M0028799]
  The trihydrate sodium salt of acetic acid, which is used as a source of sodium ions in solutions for dialysis and as a systemic and urinary alkalizer, diuretic, and expectorant.
  
• Sodium Acetate, Anhydrous [M0331277]
  
• Sodium Arsenilate [M0001719]
  
• Sodium Arsenobenzol [M0001726]
  
• Sodium Ascorbate [M0330790]
  
• Sodium Benzoate [M0029887]
  The sodium salt of BENZOIC ACID. It is used as an antifungal preservative in pharmaceutical preparations and foods. It may also be used as a test for liver function.
  
• Sodium Bicarbonate [M0026757]
  A white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions.
  
• Sodium Cephalothin [M0351072]
  
• Sodium Cyclamate [M0005448]
  
• Sodium Diatrizoate [M0006220]
  
• Sodium Dichloroacetate [M0006266]
  
• Sodium Diphenylhydantoinate [M0016579]
  
• Sodium Hexobarbital [M0010322]
  
• Sodium Huminate [M0010656]
  
• Sodium Iodoacetate [M0011653]
  
• Sodium Iodohippurate [M0011664]
  
• Sodium Iothalamate [M0330182]
  
• Sodium Isethionate [M0011737]
  
• Sodium Lactate [M0028809]
  The sodium salt of racemic or inactive lactic acid. It is a hygroscopic agent used intravenously as a systemic and urinary alkalizer.
  
• Sodium Malondialdehyde [M0012950]
  
• Sodium Meclofenamate [M0013183]
  
• Sodium Mefenamine [M0015456]
  
• Sodium Methoxide [M0000656]
  
• Sodium Nalidixic Acid, Anhydrous [M0330058]
  
• Sodium Orotate [M0015448]
  
• Sodium Oxalate [M0329888]
  
• Sodium Oxybate [M0020115]
  The sodium salt of 4-hydroxybutyric acid. Anesthetic used for both induction and maintenance. It may cause bradycardia and dyskinesias.
  
• Sodium Pentachlorophenate [M0016165]
  
• Sodium Polyanetholesulfonate [M0017152]
  
• Sodium Salicylate [M0020117]
  A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent that is less effective than equal doses of ASPIRIN in relieving pain and reducing fever. However, individuals who are hypersensitive to ASPIRIN may tolerate sodium salicylate. In general, this salicylate produces the same adverse reactions as ASPIRIN, but there is less occult gastrointestinal bleeding. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p120)
  
• Sodium Stibogluconate [M0001476]
  
• Sodium Sulamyd [M0475861]
  
• Sodium Trichloroacetate [M0021919]
  
• Sodium Tyropanoate [M0353576]
  
• Sodium Urate Monohydrate [M0022339]
  
• Sodium-Magnesium Diatrizoate [M0006221]
  
• Sol [M0353327]
  
• Solacap [M0478570]
  
• Solaesthin [M0351879]
  
• Solafur [M0008896]
  
• Solamin [M0002344]
  
• Solanaceous Alkaloids [M0020134]
  Alkaloids, mainly tropanes, elaborated by plants of the family Solanaceae, including Atropa, Hyoscyamus, Mandragora, Nicotiana, Solanum, etc. Some act as cholinergic antagonists; most are very toxic; many are used medicinally.
  
• Solaskil [M0353243]
  
• Solatene [M0459883]
  
• Solganal [M0369411]
  
• Solganal B Oleosum [M0369410]
  
• Solgol [M0350570]
  
• Solibay [M0460533]
  
• Solprin [M0001865]
  
• Soltamox [M0495698]
  
• Solu-Biloptin [M0011702]
  
• Solucaps [M0473861]
  
• Solupsan [M0001867]
  
• Solustibosan [M0351610]
  
• Solutrast [M0353498]
  
• Solutrast 370 [M0011682]
  
• Solutrast Gastro [M0353497]
  
• Solvidont [M0006042]
  
• Soma [M0477280]
  
• Somagerol [M0464813]
  
• Somalgit [M0477279]
  
• Sombrevin [M0351726]
  
• Somnite [M0476769]
  
• Somophyllin [M0351369]
  
• Somophyllin-T [M0362251]
  
• Somsanit [M0475567]
  
• Sonacide [M0350824]
  
• Sonapax [M0021376]
  
• Soprodol [M0477277]
  
• Sorbitan Derivatives [M0017254]
  
• Soriatane [M0026182]
  
• Sospitan [M0352563]
  
• Sostril [M0353203]
  
• Sotalol [M0020177]
  An adrenergic beta-antagonist that is used in the treatment of life-threatening arrhythmias.
  
• Sotalol Hydrochloride [M0020176]
  
• Sovcaine [M0006257]
  
• SPA-S 160 [M0351807]
  
• Spandex [M0055910]
  
• Spansule [M0431991]
  
• Sparine [M0017697]
  
• Sparsomycin [M0020197]
  An antitumor antibiotic produced by Streptomyces sparsogenes. It inhibits protein synthesis in 70S and 80S ribosomal systems.
  
• Sparteine [M0020199]
  A quinolizidine alkaloid isolated from several FABACEAE including LUPINUS; SPARTIUM; and CYTISUS. It has been used as an oxytocic and an anti-arrhythmia agent. It has also been of interest as an indicator of CYP2D6 genotype.
  
• Sparteine Hydrochloride, (7R-(7alpha,7aalpha,14alpha,14abeta))-Isomer [M0308493]
  
• Sparteine Hydrochloride, (7S-(7alpha,7aalpha,14alpha,14abeta))-Isomer [M0308499]
  
• Sparteine Hydroiodide, (7R-(7alpha,7aalpha,14alpha,14abeta))-Isomer [M0308490]
  
• Sparteine Monohydrochloride, (7R-(7alpha,7aalpha,14alpha,14abeta))-Isomer [M0308492]
  
• Sparteine Monohydroiodide, (7R-(7alpha,7aalpha,14alpha,14abeta))-Isomer [M0308496]
  
• Sparteine Sulfate [M0308498]
  
• Sparteine Sulfate (1:1), (7S-(7alpha,7aalpha,14alpha,14aalpha))-Isomer [M0308497]
  
• Sparteine Sulfate (1:1), (7S-(7alpha,7aalpha,14alpha,14abeta))-Isomer [M0308491]
  
• Sparteine, (7R-(7alpha,7aalpha,14alpha,14abeta))-Isomer [M0045265]
  
• Sparteine, (7R-(7alpha,7abeta,14alpha,14abeta))-Isomer [M0308495]
  
• Sparteine, (7S-(7alpha,7aalpha,14alpha,14aalpha))-Isomer [M0020201]
  
• Sparteine, (7S-(7alpha,7abeta,14alpha,14abeta))-Isomer [M0020202]
  
• Spascol [M0477666]
  
• Spasfon-Lyoc [M0474315]
  
• Spasmentral [M0459672]
  
• Spassirex [M0474316]
  
• Spastrex [M0015695]
  
• Spasuret [M0478254]
  
• Spectam [M0000293]
  
• Spectinomycin [M0000292]
  An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces spectabilis. It is active against gram-negative bacteria and used for the treatment of gonorrhea.
  
• Spectinomycin Dihydrochloride, Anhydrous [M0330711]
  
• Spectinomycin Hydrochloride [M0330712]
  
• Spektramox [M0351089]
  
• Spergon [M0352340]
  
• Spermidine [M0020287]
  A polyamine formed from putrescine. It is found in almost all tissues in association with nucleic acids. It is found as a cation at all pH values, and is thought to help stabilize some membranes and nucleic acid structures. It is a precursor of spermine.
  
• Spermine [M0020288]
  A biogenic polyamine formed from spermidine. It is found in a wide variety of organisms and tissues and is an essential growth factor in some bacteria. It is found as a polycation at all pH values. Spermine is associated with nucleic acids, particularly in viruses, and is thought to stabilize the helical structure.
  
• Spesicor [M0350809]
  
• Spherands [M0456967]
  
• Sphingosine [M0020302]
  An amino alcohol with a long unsaturated hydrocarbon chain. Sphingosine and its derivative sphinganine are the major bases of the sphingolipids in mammals. (Dorland, 28th ed)
  
• Spiperone [M0020339]
  A spiro butyrophenone analog similar to HALOPERIDOL and other related compounds. It has been recommended in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.
  
• Spiramycin [M0023923]
  A macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces ambofaciens. The drug is effective against gram-positive aerobic pathogens, N. gonorrhoeae, and staphylococci. It is used to treat infections caused by bacteria and Toxoplasma gondii.
  
• Spiramycin Adipate [M0023924]
  
• Spiro Compounds [M0020345]
  A group of compounds consisting in part of two rings sharing one carbon atom in common.
  
• Sporanox [M0027132]
  
• Sporicidin [M0350823]
  
• Sporidesmins [M0020383]
  A group of related mycotoxins produced by the pasture fungus Pithomyces chartarum (formerly Sporidesmium bakeri); causes liver damage and facial eczema in cattle and sheep.
  
• Spotof [M0476863]
  
• SQ 13,396 [M0353496]
  
• SQ-10,643 [M0004485]
  
• SQ-11436 [M0351080]
  
• SQ-11725 [M0350569]
  
• SQ-16,167 [M0351714]
  
• SQ-18506 [M0020399]
  
• SQ-20009 [M0007804]
  
• SQ-26,776 [M0350888]
  
• SQ-31000 [M0025880]
  
• Sqworm [M0474737]
  
• SR-2508 [M0352075]
  
• SR-38 [M0372960]
  
• SR-720-22 [M0350907]
  
• SSD [M0475871]
  
• SSD AF [M0475872]
  
• ST-1085 [M0013859]
  
• ST-1396 [M0350547]
  
• St-1512 [M0010331]
  
• ST-155 [M0004606]
  
• Stadol [M0352886]
  
• Stamicin [M0015154]
  
• Stamycin [M0015155]
  
• Stangyl [M0354063]
  
• Stannous EDTA [M0007071]
  
• Staphcillin [M0013571]
  
• stas Gurgell�sung N [M0449828]
  
• stas-Hustenl�ser [M0451877]
  
• Staurodorm [M0478658]
  
• Staurosporine [M0028755]
  An indolocarbazole that is a potent PROTEIN KINASE C inhibitor which enhances cAMP-mediated responses in human neuroblastoma cells. (Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1995;214(3):1114-20)
  
• Stea-16 [M0460096]
  
• Stelazine [M0354142]
  
• Sterigmatocystin [M0020481]
  A carcinogenic mycotoxin produced in high yields by strains of the common molds, Aspergillus versicolor, A. nidulans, and an unidentified species of Bipolaris. It causes necrosis of the liver and kidney and has an inhibitory effect on orotic acid incorporation into nuclear RNA.
  
• Sterogenol [M0003978]
  
• Sterosan [M0004210]
  
• Stesolid [M0006233]
  
• Stibatin [M0351609]
  
• Stilbamidines [M0020536]
  STILBENES with AMIDINES attached.
  
• Stilbenes [M0020537]
  Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.
  
• Strefen [M0478668]
  
• Strema [M0475010]
  
• Streptonigrin [M0020597]
  Complex cytotoxic antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces flocculus or S. rufochronmogenus. It is used in advanced carcinoma and causes leukopenia.
  
• Streptovaricin [M0020599]
  A complex of ansamycin antibiotics consisting of streptovaricins A, B, C, D, E, F, G, J, and K of which streptovaricin C is the major component. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Stresnil [M0351990]
  
• Stromectol [M0479368]
  Oral preparation of ivermectin.
  
• Strumazol [M0476435]
  
• Strychnine [M0020628]
  An alkaloid found in the seeds of STRYCHNOS NUX-VOMICA. It is a competitive antagonist at glycine receptors and thus a convulsant. It has been used as an analeptic, in the treatment of nonketotic hyperglycinemia and sleep apnea, and as a rat poison.
  
• Strychnine Nitrate [M0020629]
  
• Stugeron [M0004494]
  
• Styrene [M0029766]
  A colorless, toxic liquid with a strong aromatic odor. It is used to make rubbers, polymers and copolymers, and polystyrene plastics.
  
• Styrenes [M0020644]
  Derivatives and polymers of styrene. They are used in the manufacturing of synthetic rubber, plastics, and resins. Some of the polymers form the skeletal structures for ion exchange resin beads.
  
• SU 4885 [M0373555]
  
• SU-13,437 [M0351588]
  
• Sublimaze [M0008337]
  
• Subutex [M0003053]
  
• Succicaptal [M0475787]
  
• Succicuran [M0351528]
  
• Succimer [M0006442]
  A mercaptodicarboxylic acid used as an antidote to heavy metal poisoning because it forms strong chelates with them.
  
• Succimer Antimony Sodium Salt, (R*,S*)-Isomer [M0330449]
  
• Succimer, (R*,R*)-(+,-)-Isomer [M0330555]
  
• Succimer, Dipotassium Salt [M0330452]
  
• Succimer, Disodium Salt [M0330448]
  
• Succimer, Monosodium Salt [M0330450]
  
• Succimer, Rhenium Salt [M0330451]
  
• Succimer, Tin Salt [M0330453]
  
• Succinate [M0029383]
  
• Succinates [M0020705]
  The salts and esters of SUCCINIC ACID and its derivatives.
  
• Succinic Acid [M0029380]
  A water-soluble, colorless crystal with an acid taste that is used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p1099; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1851)
  
• Succinic Acids [M0029427]
  A class of dicarboxylic acids with the general structure of butanedioic acid (succinic acid). They are used in perfumery and as a chemical intermediate in medicine.
  
• Succinic Anhydrides [M0020706]
  A subclass of anhydrides with the general structure of dihydrofurandione. They can be substituted on any carbon atom. They modify and inhibit proteins and enzymes and are used in the acylation of amino- and hydroxyl groups.
  
• Succinimides [M0020707]
  A subclass of IMIDES with the general structure of pyrrolidinedione. They are prepared by the distillation of ammonium succinate. They are sweet-tasting compounds that are used as chemical intermediates and plant growth stimulants.
  
• Succinylcholine [M0020712]
  A quaternary skeletal muscle relaxant usually used in the form of its bromide, chloride, or iodide. It is a depolarizing relaxant, acting in about 30 seconds and with a duration of effect averaging three to five minutes. Succinylcholine is used in surgical, anesthetic, and other procedures in which a brief period of muscle relaxation is called for.
  
• Succinylcholine Dibromide [M0329669]
  
• Succinylcholine Dichloride [M0329610]
  
• Succinylcholine Dichloride, Di-H2O [M0329609]
  
• Succinylcholine Diiodide [M0329738]
  
• Succinylcholine Diperchlorate [M0329737]
  
• Succinylcholine Iodide [M0020713]
  
• Sufenta [M0026424]
  
• Sufentanil [M0026423]
  An opioid analgesic that is used as an adjunct in anesthesia, in balanced anesthesia, and as a primary anesthetic agent.
  
• Sufentanil Citrate [M0329215]
  
• Sufentanil curasan [M0475789]
  
• Sufentanil-hameln [M0475790]
  
• Sufentanil-ratiopharm [M0475791]
  
• Sufil [M0474738]
  
• Suisynchron [M0013549]
  
• Suksilep [M0351983]
  
• Sulbactam [M0020733]
  A beta-lactamase inhibitor with very weak antibacterial action. The compound prevents antibiotic destruction of beta-lactam antibiotics by inhibiting beta-lactamases, thus extending their spectrum activity. Combinations of sulbactam with beta-lactam antibiotics have been used successfully for the therapy of infections caused by organisms resistant to the antibiotic alone.
  
• Sulbactam Sodium [M0020734]
  
• Sulbenicillin [M0020736]
  Semisynthetic penicillin-type antibiotic.
  
• Sulf-10 [M0475862]
  
• Sulfacetamide [M0020737]
  An anti-infective agent that is used topically to treat skin infections and orally for urinary tract infections.
  
• Sulfacetamide Sodium [M0329612]
  
• Sulfacetamide, Monosodium Salt, Anhydrous [M0329611]
  
• Sulfachlorpyridazine [M0020739]
  A sulfonamide antimicrobial used for urinary tract infections and in veterinary medicine.
  
• Sulfachlorpyridazine, Monosodium Salt [M0329613]
  
• Sulfacil [M0350918]
  
• Sulfacyl [M0350917]
  
• Sulfadiazine [M0020740]
  One of the short-acting SULFONAMIDES used in combination with PYRIMETHAMINE to treat toxoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and in newborns with congenital infections.
  
• Sulfadimethoxine [M0020742]
  A sulfanilamide that is used as an anti-infective agent.
  
• Sulfadoxine [M0020743]
  A long acting sulfonamide that is used, usually in combination with other drugs, for respiratory, urinary tract, and malarial infections.
  
• Sulfafurazol FNA [M0475882]
  
• Sulfaguanidine [M0020744]
  A sulfanilamide antimicrobial agent that is used to treat enteric infections.
  
• Sulfair [M0475863]
  
• Sulfalene [M0020745]
  Long-acting plasma-bound sulfonamide used for respiratory and urinary tract infections and also for malaria.
  
• Sulfamerazine [M0020746]
  A sulfanilamide that is used as an antibacterial agent.
  
• Sulfameter [M0020747]
  Long acting sulfonamide used in leprosy, urinary, and respiratory tract infections.
  
• Sulfamethazine [M0020748]
  A sulfanilamide anti-infective agent. It has a spectrum of antimicrobial action similar to other sulfonamides.
  
• Sulfamethizol FNA [M0475902]
  
• Sulfamethizole [M0020749]
  A sulfathiazole antibacterial agent.
  
• Sulfamethoxazole [M0020750]
  A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208)
  
• Sulfamethoxypyridazine [M0020751]
  A sulfanilamide antibacterial agent.
  
• Sulfamonomethoxine [M0020752]
  Long acting sulfonamide antibacterial agent.
  
• Sulfamoxole [M0020753]
  A sulfanilamide antibacterial agent.
  
• Sulfamylon [M0350903]
  
• Sulfanilamides [M0020754]
  Compounds based on 4-aminobenzenesulfonamide. The '-anil-' part of the name refers to aniline.
  
• Sulfanilic Acids [M0020755]
  Aminobenzenesulfonic acids. Organic acids that are used in the manufacture of dyes and organic chemicals and as reagents.
  
• Sulfaphenazole [M0020756]
  A sulfonilamide anti-infective agent.
  
• Sulfapyridine [M0020757]
  Antibacterial, potentially toxic, used to treat certain skin diseases.
  
• Sulfaquinoxaline [M0020758]
  An antiprotozoal agent used to combat coccidial infections of swine, cattle, fowl, and other veterinary animals. Also used in controlling outbreaks of fowl typhoid and fowl cholera and in treatment of infectious enteritis.
  
• Sulfargen [M0350920]
  
• Sulfarlem [M0351788]
  
• Sulfasalazin medac [M0475937]
  
• Sulfasalazin-Heyl [M0475938]
  
• Sulfasalazine [M0019365]
  A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabolic breakdown product, 5-aminosalicylic acid (see MESALAMINE) released in the colon. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p907)
  
• Sulfasalazine FNA [M0475939]
  
• Sulfathiazoles [M0020762]
  
• Sulfazin [M0373245]
  
• Sulfenic Acids [M0020764]
  Oxy acids of sulfur with the general formula RSOH, where R is an alkyl or aryl group such as CH3. They are often encountered as esters and halides. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
  
• Sulfhydryl Compounds [M0020768]
  Compounds containing the -SH radical.
  
• Sulfine Compounds [M0020793]
  
• Sulfinpyrazone [M0020776]
  A uricosuric drug that is used to reduce the serum urate levels in gout therapy. It lacks anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and diuretic properties.
  
• Sulfisomidine [M0020778]
  A sulfanilamide antibacterial agent.
  
• Sulfisomidine Sodium [M0475946]
  
• Sulfisoxazole [M0020779]
  A short-acting sulfonamide antibacterial with activity against a wide range of gram- negative and gram-positive organisms.
  
• Sulfisoxazole Diolamine [M0020780]
  
• Sulfisoxazole, Ammonium Salt [M0329619]
  
• Sulfisoxazole, Monolithium Salt [M0329617]
  
• Sulfisoxazole, Monosodium Salt [M0329615]
  
• Sulfisoxazole, Monosodium, Monomesylate Salt [M0329616]
  
• Sulfisoxazole, Triammonium Salt [M0329618]
  
• Sulfobromophthalein [M0020785]
  A phenolphthalein that is used as a diagnostic aid in hepatic function determination.
  
• Sulfobromophthalein Sodium [M0361430]
  
• Sulfona [M0485005]
  
• Sulfonamide Mixtures [M0020789]
  
• Sulfonamides [M0020790]
  A group of compounds that contain the structure SO2NH2. Members of this group, also known as sulfa drugs, are derivatives of sulfanilamide, which competitively inhibit folic acid synthesis in microorganisms, and are bacteriostatic. They have been largely supplanted by more effective and less toxic antibiotics. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
  
• Sulfones [M0020791]
  
• Sulfonium Compounds [M0020794]
  Sulfur compounds in which the sulfur atom is attached to three organic radicals and an electronegative element or radical.
  
• Sulfonphthal [M0352333]
  
• Sulfonylurea Compounds [M0020795]
  
• Sulfoxides [M0020796]
  Organic compounds that have the general formula R-SO-R. They are obtained by oxidation of mercaptans (analogous to the ketones). (From Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 4th ed)
  
• Sulfur Ethers [M0020774]
  
• Sulfuric Acid Esters [M0020806]
  Organic esters of sulfuric acid.
  
• Sulindac [M0020810]
  A sulfinylindene derivative prodrug whose sulfinyl moiety is converted in vivo to an active NSAID analgesic. Specifically, the prodrug is converted by liver enzymes to a sulfide which is excreted in the bile and then reabsorbed from the intestine. This helps to maintain constant blood levels with reduced gastrointestinal side effects.
  
• Sulindal [M0476029]
  
• Suloctidil [M0020812]
  A peripheral vasodilator that was formerly used in the management of peripheral and cerebral vascular disorders. It is hepatotoxic and fatalities have occurred. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1312)
  
• Suloctidil Hydrochloride [M0329622]
  
• Sulp [M0475991]
  
• Sulphental [M0352332]
  
• Sulpiride [M0020813]
  A dopamine D2-receptor antagonist. It has been used therapeutically as an antidepressant, antipsychotic, and as a digestive aid. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Sulpitil [M0475988]
  
• Sulpivert [M0475989]
  
• Sulpor [M0475990]
  
• Sulprim [M0024016]
  
• Sulpyrin [M0372391]
  
• Sulpyrine [M0372390]
  
• Sultanol [M0000635]
  
• Sumamed [M0373675]
  
• Sumatriptan [M0027392]
  A serotonin agonist that acts selectively at 5HT1 receptors. It is used in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.
  
• Sumatriptan Succinate [M0027393]
  
• Sumetrolim [M0024017]
  
• Sun-Benz [M0477231]
  
• Superacryl [M0353326]
  
• Superlipid [M0475865]
  
• Superol [M0473946]
  
• Superpep [M0485152]
  
• Supramid [M0373116]
  
• Suprax [M0333871]
  
• Suprofen [M0020851]
  An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and has been proposed as an anti-arthritic.
  
• Suramin [M0020853]
  A polyanionic compound with an unknown mechanism of action. It is used parenterally in the treatment of African trypanosomiasis and it has been used clinically with diethylcarbamazine to kill the adult Onchocerca. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1643) It has also been shown to have potent antineoplastic properties.
  
• Suramin Sodium [M0329624]
  
• Suramin, Monosodium Salt [M0329625]
  
• Surfont [M0474739]
  
• Surital [M0021330]
  
• Surmontil [M0354076]
  
• Surquina [M0475001]
  
• Susadrin [M0009445]
  
• Sustac [M0009428]
  
• Sustaire [M0362250]
  
• Sustak [M0009446]
  
• Sustamycin [M0021220]
  
• Sustonit [M0009447]
  
• Suxamethonium Bromide [M0020715]
  
• Suxamethonium Chloride [M0020711]
  
• Svedocain Sin Vasoconstr [M0465180]
  
• Swainsonine [M0025867]
  An indolizidine alkaloid from the plant Swainsona canescens that is a potent alpha-mannosidase inhibitor. Swainsonine also exhibits antimetastatic, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory activity.
  
• Swainsonine, (1R-(2 beta,8a alpha))-Isomer [M0329436]
  
• Swainsonine, (2 beta,8a alpha)-Isomer [M0329380]
  
• Swainsonine, (8 alpha)-Isomer [M0329321]
  
• Swainsonine, (8 alpha,8a alpha)-Isomer [M0329320]
  
• Swainsonine, (8a alpha)-Isomer [M0329437]
  
• Sydnones [M0020938]
  OXADIAZOLES bearing an oxygen at the 5-position. They are mesoionic, with delocalized positive and negative charges.
  
• Sydnopharm [M0353343]
  
• sym-Dimethylhydrazine [M0029410]
  
• Symadine [M0432301]
  
• Symmetrel [M0000849]
  
• Symoron [M0474186]
  
• Sympaethamin [M0350535]
  
• Syncoumar [M0372276]
  
• Syncumar [M0372277]
  
• Syn�dil [M0475993]
  
• Synephrin [M0350534]
  
• Synephrine [M0020958]
  Sympathetic alpha-adrenergic agonist with actions like PHENYLEPHRINE. It is used as a vasoconstrictor in circulatory failure, asthma, nasal congestion, and glaucoma.
  
• Synestrol [M0352324]
  
• Syneudon [M0433231]
  
• Synflex [M0014466]
  
• Synophylate [M0021289]
  
• Syntarpen [M0372328]
  
• Synthetic Rubber [M0333815]
  
• Synthrom [M0372278]
  
• Syntomycin [M0004127]
  
• Syntostigmine [M0014618]
  
• Synulox [M0351088]
  
• T-2 Toxin [M0020991]
  A potent mycotoxin produced in feedstuffs by several species of the genus FUSARIUM. It elicits a severe inflammatory reaction in animals and has teratogenic effects.
  
• T-2 Toxin, alpha,4 beta-Isomer [M0329626]
  
• T-Stat [M0007722]
  
• T1220 [M0016882]
  
• T1551 [M0003721]
  
• Tabloid [M0476616]
  
• Tacex [M0477851]
  
• Tachmalin [M0354273]
  
• Tachydaron [M0433221]
  
• Tacrine [M0021008]
  A cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders.
  
• Tacrine Hydrochloride [M0021011]
  
• Tacrolimus [M0025261]
  A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro.
  
• Tagamet [M0004483]
  
• Talampicillin [M0021018]
  An ester of AMPICILLIN which is readily hydrolysed on absorption to release ampicillin. It is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract resulting in a greater bioavailability of ampicillin than can be achieved with equivalent doses of ampicillin.
  
• Talampicillin Hydrochloride [M0021019]
  
• Talpen [M0021020]
  
• Talwin [M0016180]
  
• Tambocor [M0008558]
  
• Tamiflu [M0356518]
  
• Tamik [M0485102]
  
• Tamoxifen [M0021024]
  One of the SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS with tissue-specific activities. Tamoxifen acts as an anti-estrogen (inhibiting agent) in the mammary tissue, but as an estrogen (stimulating agent) in cholesterol metabolism, bone density, and cell proliferation in the ENDOMETRIUM.
  
• Tamoxifen Citrate [M0373246]
  
• Tampovagan [M0485066]
  
• Tanderil [M0473942]
  
• Tannins [M0021034]
  Polyphenolic compounds with molecular weights of around 500-3000 daltons and containing enough hydroxyl groups (1-2 per 100 MW) for effective cross linking of other compounds (ASTRINGENTS). The two main types are HYDROLYZABLE TANNINS and CONDENSED TANNINS. Historically, the term has applied to many compounds and plant extracts able to render skin COLLAGEN impervious to degradation. The word tannin derives from the Celtic word for OAK TREE which was used for leather processing.
  
• TAO [M0476928]
  
• Tapazole [M0352355]
  
• Taporin [M0477381]
  
• Tar-Water [M0028055]
  A cold infusion of tar in water, formerly regarded as a cure-all. (Webster, 3d ed)
  
• Taractan [M0354234]
  
• Tardocillin [M0459655]
  
• Tarflen [M0017267]
  
• Tari-Dog [M0432769]
  
• Tarivid [M0023432]
  
• Tars [M0021041]
  Viscous materials composed of complex, high-molecular-weight compounds derived from the distillation of petroleum or the destructive distillation of wood or coal. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
  
• Tartrazine [M0021053]
  An anionic, hydrophilic azo dye with an orange-yellow color used in fabrics, foods and cosmetics, and as a biological stain.
  
• Tartrazine Barium [M0329629]
  
• Tartrazine Barium (2:3) [M0329630]
  
• Tartronates [M0021054]
  
• Tasedan [M0485325]
  
• Tauredon [M0351522]
  
• Tavegyl [M0004554]
  
• Tavist [M0004552]
  
• Taxanes [M0443609]
  
• Taxilan [M0354120]
  
• Taxoids [M0443608]
  A group of diterpenoid CYCLODECANES named for the taxanes that were discovered in the TAXUS tree. The action on MICROTUBULES has made some of them useful as ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS.
  
• Taxol [M0026157]
  
• Tazepam [M0353489]
  
• Tazidime [M0351084]
  
• Taziken [M0476176]
  
• TB I-698 [M0352344]
  
• TE-031 [M0352014]
  
• Technetium Pentetic Acid [M0024892]
  
• Technetium Tc 99m Diethyl-iminodiacetic Acid [M0029351]
  A nontoxic radiopharmaceutical that is used in the clinical evaluation of hepatobiliary disorders in humans.
  
• Technetium Tc 99m Dimercaptosuccinic Acid [M0029349]
  A nontoxic radiopharmaceutical that is used in the diagnostic imaging of the renal cortex.
  
• Technetium Tc 99m Disofenin [M0029352]
  A radiopharmaceutical used extensively in cholescintigraphy for the evaluation of hepatobiliary diseases. (From Int Jrnl Rad Appl Inst 1992;43(9):1061-4)
  
• Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime [M0029240]
  A gamma-emitting radionuclide imaging agent used in the evaluation of regional cerebral blood flow and in non-invasive dynamic biodistribution studies and myocardial imaging. It has also been used to label leukocytes in the investigation of inflammatory bowel diseases.
  
• Technetium Tc 99m Lidofenin [M0029344]
  A nontoxic radiopharmaceutical that is used in the clinical evaluation of hepatobiliary disorders in humans. (J Nucl Med 1977;18(10):997-1004)
  
• Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate [M0024893]
  A technetium imaging agent used in renal scintigraphy, computed tomography, lung ventilation imaging, gastrointestinal scintigraphy, and many other procedures which employ radionuclide imaging agents.
  
• Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi [M0026183]
  A technetium imaging agent used to reveal blood-starved cardiac tissue during a heart attack.
  
• Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi Chloride [M0329349]
  
• Tedicumar [M0476575]
  
• Tedipulmo [M0476177]
  
• Teflon [M0017265]
  
• Tegopen [M0372327]
  
• Tegretol [M0003329]
  
• Teldrin [M0478179]
  
• Tele-Stulln [M0462900]
  
• Telepaque [M0351848]
  
• Telmin [M0353560]
  
• Telomer Fluorocarbons [M0496630]
  
• Temaze [M0476100]
  
• temazep von ct [M0476099]
  
• Temazepam [M0021137]
  A benzodiazepine that acts as a GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID modulator and anti-anxiety agent.
  
• Temesta [M0012698]
  
• Temigran [M0354244]
  
• Temik [M0351472]
  
• Tempone [M0351797]
  
• Tenakrin [M0332604]
  
• Tenalin [M0351270]
  
• Tendor [M0005710]
  
• Tenex [M0350961]
  
• Tenormine [M0001901]
  
• Tenox [M0476101]
  
• Tenox BHA [M0351792]
  
• Tensatrin [M0017923]
  
• Tensilon [M0007060]
  
• Tensogradal [M0463398]
  
• Tenuate [M0432370]
  
• Tenuazonic Acid [M0021169]
  3-Acetyl-5-sec-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-pyrrolin-2-one. A metabolite found in a strain of the fungus Alternaria tenuis Auct. which functions as an antibiotic with antiviral and antineoplastic properties, and may also act as a mycotoxin.
  
• Teonicol [M0352652]
  
• Tepanil [M0432398]
  
• Tepavil [M0475992]
  
• Terbac [M0477852]
  
• Terbul [M0476178]
  
• Terbutalin AL [M0476179]
  
• Terbutalin Stada [M0476180]
  
• terbutalin von ct [M0476187]
  
• Terbutalin-ratiopharm [M0476188]
  
• Terbutaline [M0021177]
  A selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.
  
• Terbutaline Sulfate [M0021178]
  
• Terbuturmant [M0476189]
  
• Terfedura [M0476196]
  
• Terfemundin [M0476197]
  
• Terfenadin AL [M0476198]
  
• Terfenadin Heumann [M0476199]
  
• Terfenadin Stada [M0476200]
  
• terfenadin von ct [M0476201]
  
• Terfenadin-ratiopharm [M0476202]
  
• Terfenadine [M0025307]
  A selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist devoid of central nervous system depressant activity. The drug is used in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis, asthma, allergic conjunctivitis, and chronic idiopathic urticaria.
  
• Tergitol [M0017135]
  
• Ternadin [M0476203]
  
• Teronac [M0353740]
  
• Terpenes [M0021183]
  A class of compounds composed of repeating 5-carbon units of HEMITERPENES.
  
• Terphenyl Compounds [M0021184]
  Compounds consisting of benzene rings linked to each other in either ortho, meta or para positions. Permitted are any substitutions, but ring fusion to any of the benzene rings is not allowed.
  
• Terramycin [M0015700]
  
• Terry White Chemists Moclobemide [M0474428]
  
• Tersaseptic [M0476894]
  
• tert-Butylhydroperoxide [M0029862]
  A direct-acting oxidative stress-inducing agent used to examine the effects of oxidant stress on Ca(2+)-dependent signal transduction in vascular endothelial cells. It is also used as a catalyst in polymerization reactions and to introduce peroxy groups into organic molecules.
  
• Tesacof [M0463242]
  
• Testotard [M0482909]
  
• Tetocid [M0351870]
  
• Tetrabenazine [M0021208]
  A drug formerly used as an antipsychotic but now used primarily in the treatment of various movement disorders including tardive dyskinesia. Tetrabenazine blocks uptake into adrenergic storage vesicles and has been used as a high affinity label for the vesicle transport system.
  
• Tetrabid [M0021221]
  
• Tetrabromsulphthalein [M0020788]
  
• Tetracaine [M0021210]
  A potent local anesthetic of the ester type used for surface and spinal anesthesia.
  
• Tetracaine Monohydrochloride [M0329643]
  
• Tetracemate [M0007076]
  
• Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin [M0021211]
  A chemical by-product that results from burning or incinerating chlorinated industrial chemicals and other hydrocarbons. This compound is considered an environmental toxin, and may pose reproductive, as well as, other health risks for animals and humans.
  
• Tetrachloroethylene [M0021212]
  A chlorinated hydrocarbon used as an industrial solvent and cooling liquid in electrical transformers. It is a potential carcinogen.
  
• Tetracycline [M0021216]
  A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.
  
• Tetracycline Hydrochloride [M0329644]
  
• Tetracyclines [M0021223]
  Closely congeneric derivatives of the polycyclic naphthacenecarboxamide. (Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1117)
  
• Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate [M0021224]
  A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.
  
• Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate, 4a alpha-Isomer [M0329645]
  
• Tetraethyl Lead [M0021225]
  A highly toxic compound used as a gasoline additive. It causes acute toxic psychosis or chronic poisoning if inhaled or absorbed through the skin.
  
• Tetraethylammonium [M0029362]
  A potassium-selective ion channel blocker. (From J Gen Phys 1994;104(1):173-90)
  
• Tetraethylammonium Bromide [M0029363]
  
• Tetraethylammonium Chloride [M0029364]
  
• Tetraethylammonium Compounds [M0021226]
  
• Tetraethylammonium Hydroxide [M0329102]
  
• Tetraethylammonium Iodide [M0329100]
  
• Tetrahydrocannabinol [M0021229]
  A psychoactive compound extracted from the resin of Cannabis sativa (marihuana, hashish). The isomer delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is considered the most active form, producing characteristic mood and perceptual changes associated with this compound. Dronabinol is a synthetic form of delta-9-THC.
  
• Tetrahydrocannabinol, (6a-trans)-Isomer [M0331280]
  
• Tetrahydrocannabinol, (6aR-cis)-Isomer [M0331284]
  
• Tetrahydrocannabinol, (6aS-cis)-Isomer [M0331282]
  
• Tetrahydrocannabinol, Trans-(+-)-Isomer [M0331281]
  
• Tetrahydrocannabinol, Trans-Isomer [M0331283]
  
• Tetrahydrofolates [M0021233]
  Compounds based on 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate.
  
• Tetrahydrofurans [M0414409]
  
• Tetrahydroisoquinolines [M0444141]
  A group of ISOQUINOLINES in which the nitrogen containing ring is protonated. They derive from the non-enzymatic Pictet-Spengler condensation of CATECHOLAMINES with ALDEHYDES.
  
• Tetrahydronaphthalenes [M0021234]
  Partially saturated 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene compounds.
  
• Tetrahydropapaveroline [M0021235]
  A leukomaine (animal alkaloid) formed in brain and liver from dopamine and L-dopa; it may be implicated in psychiatric problems.
  
• Tetraiodofluorescein [M0007728]
  
• Tetralones [M0444176]
  A group of TETRAHYDRONAPHTHALENES containing a keto oxygen.
  
• Tetramethyl Acridine Diamine [M0330707]
  
• Tetramethylphenylenediamine [M0021244]
  Used in the form of the hydrochloride as a reagent in analytical chemistry.
  
• Tetramisole [M0021246]
  
• Tetramon [M0021227]
  
• Tetranitromethane [M0021247]
  Corrosive oxidant, explosive; additive to diesel and rocket fuels; causes skin and lung irritation; proposed war gas. A useful reagent for studying the modification of specific amino acids, particularly tyrosine residues in proteins. Has also been used for studying carbanion formation and for detecting the presence of double bonds in organic compounds.
  
• Tetraoxanes [M0448810]
  Compounds with two peroxide groups, that is, two pairs of adjacent OXYGEN atoms. They may have activity against PLASMODIUM similar to the ARTEMISININS.
  
• Tetraphenylborate [M0021249]
  An anionic compound that is used as a reagent for determination of potassium, ammonium, rubidium, and cesium ions. It also uncouples oxidative phosphorylation and forms complexes with biological materials, and is used in biological assays.
  
• Tetraphenylborate, Ammonium Salt [M0329648]
  
• Tetraphenylborate, Barium Salt (2:1) [M0329649]
  
• Tetraphenylborate, Potassium Salt [M0329650]
  
• Tetraphenylboron Sodium [M0021248]
  
• Tetrapyrroles [M0068756]
  Four PYRROLES joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one to position 5 of the next. The conjugated bond system results in PIGMENTATION.
  
• Tetrasodium EGTA [M0007135]
  
• Tetrate [M0474054]
  
• Tetraverin [M0363598]
  
• Tetrazoles [M0021253]
  
• Tetrazolium Salts [M0021254]
  Quaternary salts derived from tetrazoles. They are used in tests to distinguish between reducing sugars and simple aldehydes, for detection of dehydrogenase in tissues, cells, and bacteria, for determination of corticosteroids, and in color photography. (From Mall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed, p455)
  
• Tetrodotoxin [M0021255]
  An aminoperhydroquinazoline poison found mainly in the liver and ovaries of fishes in the order TETRAODONTIFORMES, which are eaten. The toxin causes paresthesia and paralysis through interference with neuromuscular conduction.
  
• Teturam [M0006606]
  
• Tevacor [M0015661]
  
• Th-1165a [M0008334]
  
• TH-6040 [M0352406]
  
• THA [M0476031]
  
• Thalidomide [M0021267]
  A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, but withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic effects. It has been reintroduced and used for a number of immunological and inflammatory disorders. Thalidomide displays immunosuppresive and anti-angiogenic activity. It inhibits release of TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA from monocytes, and modulates other cytokine action.
  
• Thalinol [M0474416]
  
• Thalitone [M0350891]
  
• Thalomid [M0476424]
  
• Thapsigargin [M0028714]
  A sesquiterpene lactone found in roots of THAPSIA. It inhibits CA(2+)-TRANSPORTING ATPASE mediated uptake of CALCIUM into SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM.
  
• Theaspiranes [M0482508]
  
• Thebaine [M0021272]
  A drug that is derived from opium, which contains from 0.3-1.5% thebaine depending on its origin. It produces strychnine-like convulsions rather than narcosis. It may be habit-forming and is a controlled substance (opiate) listed in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21 Part 1308.12 (1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Thenoyltrifluoroacetone [M0021283]
  Chelating agent and inhibitor of cellular respiration.
  
• Theo-24 [M0362265]
  
• Theobid [M0362264]
  
• Theobromine [M0021284]
  3,7-Dimethylxanthine. The principle alkaloid in Theobroma cacao (the cacao bean) and other plants. A xanthine alkaloid that is used as a bronchodilator and as a vasodilator. It has a weaker diuretic activity than THEOPHYLLINE and is also a less powerful stimulant of smooth muscle. It has practically no stimulant effect on the central nervous system. It was formerly used as a diuretic and in the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, pp1318-9)
  
• Theocin [M0362263]
  
• Theocodin [M0015665]
  
• Theoconfin Continuous [M0362262]
  
• Theodur [M0021292]
  
• Theolair [M0362261]
  
• Theolix [M0362260]
  
• Theon [M0362259]
  
• Theonite [M0362258]
  
• Theopek [M0362271]
  
• Theophyllamin Jenapharm [M0432770]
  
• Theophyllin EDA-ratiopharm [M0432771]
  
• Theophylline [M0021287]
  A methyl xanthine derivative from tea with diuretic, smooth muscle relaxant, bronchial dilation, cardiac and central nervous system stimulant activities. Theophylline inhibits the 3',5'-CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHODIESTERASE that degrades CYCLIC AMP thus potentiates the actions of agents that act through ADENYLATE CYCLASE and cyclic AMP.
  
• Theophylline Sodium Glycinate [M0021290]
  
• Theospan [M0362270]
  
• Theostat [M0362269]
  
• Theovent [M0362268]
  
• Therabloat [M0350682]
  
• Th�ral�ne [M0431992]
  
• Therapin Hustenl�ser [M0452002]
  
• Thermazene [M0475870]
  
• Thia Crown Compounds [M0456962]
  
• Thiabendazole [M0021313]
  2-Substituted benzimidazole first introduced in 1962. It is active against a variety of nematodes and is the drug of choice for strongyloidiasis. It has CNS side effects and hepatototoxic potential. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p919)
  
• Thiadiazines [M0021316]
  
• Thiadiazoles [M0021317]
  
• Thiamazol Henning [M0476436]
  
• Thiamazol Hexal [M0476437]
  
• Thiamcol [M0350687]
  
• Thiamine [M0021318]
  3-((4-Amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl)-5-(2- hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazolium chloride.
  
• Thiamine Mononitrate [M0021319]
  
• Thiamine Pyrophosphate [M0021323]
  The coenzyme form of Vitamin B1 present in many animal tissues. It is a required intermediate in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX and the KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX.
  
• Thiamphenicol [M0021328]
  A methylsulfonyl analog of CHLORAMPHENICOL. It is an antibiotic and immunosuppressive agent.
  
• Thiamylal [M0021329]
  A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration, for the induction of general anesthesia, or for inducing a hypnotic state. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p919)
  
• Thiamylal Sodium [M0476443]
  
• Thiazepines [M0021331]
  
• Thiazides [M0471776]
  Heterocyclic compounds with SULFUR and NITROGEN in the ring. This term commonly refers to the BENZOTHIADIAZINES that inhibit SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS and are used as DIURETICS.
  
• Thiazines [M0021332]
  
• Thiazoles [M0021333]
  
• Thiazolidinediones [M0447306]
  THIAZOLES with two keto oxygens. Members are insulin-sensitizing agents which overcome INSULIN RESISTANCE by activation of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma).
  
• Thiazolidines [M0496444]
  Reduced (protonated) form of THIAZOLES. They can be oxidized to THIAZOLIDINEDIONES.
  
• Thiepins [M0021335]
  
• Thiethylperazine [M0021336]
  A dopamine antagonist that is particularly useful in treating the nausea and vomiting associated with anesthesia, mildly emetic cancer chemotherapy agents, radiation therapy, and toxins. This piperazine phenothiazine does not prevent vertigo or motion sickness. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p457)
  
• Thiethylperazine Malate [M0021337]
  
• Thiethylperazine Maleate (2:1) [M0329652]
  
• Thimerosal [M0021339]
  A topical antiseptic used on skin and mucous membranes. It is also used as a preservative in pharmaceuticals.
  
• Thioacetamide [M0021344]
  A crystalline compound used as a laboratory reagent in place of HYDROGEN SULFIDE. It is a potent hepatocarcinogen.
  
• Thioacetazone [M0021315]
  A thiosemicarbazone that is used in association with other antimycobacterial agents in the initial and continuation phases of antituberculosis regimens. Thiacetazone containing regimens are less effective than the short-course regimen recommended by the International Union Against Tuberculosis and are used in some developing countries to reduce drug costs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p217)
  
• Thioamides [M0021345]
  Organic compounds containing the radical -CSNH2.
  
• Thiobarbiturates [M0021348]
  Compounds in which one or more of the ketone groups on the pyrimidine ring of barbituric acid are replaced by thione groups.
  
• Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances [M0026406]
  Low-molecular-weight end products, probably malondialdehyde, that are formed during the decomposition of lipid peroxidation products. These compounds react with thiobarbituric acid to form a fluorescent red adduct.
  
• Thiocarbamates [M0021349]
  Carbamates in which the -CO- group has been replaced by a -CS- group.
  
• Thiocholine [M0021350]
  (2-Mercaptoethyl)trimethylammonium. A reagent for the determination of cholinesterases; acts also as a highly selective nerve stain.
  
• Thioctic Acid [M0012565]
  A vitamin-like antioxidant.
  
• Thiocyanates [M0021351]
  Organic derivatives of thiocyanic acid which contain the general formula R-SCN.
  
• Thioethers [M0020773]
  
• Thioglycolates [M0021354]
  Organic esters of thioglycolic acid (HS-CH2COOH).
  
• Thioguanine [M0021356]
  An antineoplastic compound which also has antimetabolite action. The drug is used in the therapy of acute leukemia.
  
• Thioguanine Hemihydrate [M0329654]
  
• Thioguanine Monosodium Salt [M0329655]
  
• Thiohydantoins [M0021357]
  
• Thiomalates [M0021360]
  
• Thiomycetin [M0350686]
  
• Thionembutal [M0392804]
  
• Thiones [M0021361]
  
• Thionylan [M0351269]
  
• Thiopental [M0021364]
  A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the induction of general anesthesia or for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration. It is also used for hypnosis and for the control of convulsive states. It has been used in neurosurgical patients to reduce increased intracranial pressure. It does not produce any excitation but has poor analgesic and muscle relaxant properties. Small doses have been shown to be anti-analgesic and lower the pain threshold. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p920)
  
• Thiopental Nycomed [M0476447]
  
• Thiopental Sodium [M0376292]
  
• Thiophanate [M0021369]
  Nematocide used in livestock; also has fungicidal properties.
  
• Thiophenes [M0021371]
  
• Thiophenicol [M0476441]
  
• Thioridazine [M0021377]
  A phenothiazine antipsychotic used in the management of psychoses, including schizophrenia, and in the control of severely disturbed or agitated behavior. It has little antiemetic activity. Thioridazine has a higher incidence of antimuscarinic effects, but a lower incidence of extrapyramidal symptoms, than CHLORPROMAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p618)
  
• Thioridazine Hydrochloride [M0361678]
  
• Thiorphan [M0023434]
  A potent inhibitor of membrane metalloendopeptidase (ENKEPHALINASE). Thiorphan potentiates morphine-induced ANALGESIA and attenuates naloxone-precipitated withdrawal symptoms.
  
• Thiorphan, (R)-Isomer [M0329518]
  
• Thiorphan, (S)-Isomer [M0329519]
  
• Thiosemicarbazones [M0021379]
  
• Thiosulfil [M0350929]
  
• Thiosulfuric Acid Esters [M0020807]
  
• Thiothixene [M0021384]
  A thioxanthine used as an antipsychotic agent. Its effects are similar to the phenothiazine antipsychotics.
  
• Thiotox [M0007430]
  
• Thiouracil [M0021385]
  Occurs in seeds of Brassica and Crucifera species. Thiouracil has been used as antithyroid, coronary vasodilator, and in congestive heart failure although its use has been largely supplanted by other drugs. It is known to cause blood dyscrasias and suspected of terato- and carcinogenesis.
  
• Thiourea [M0021386]
  A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.
  
• Thioxanthenes [M0021388]
  Compounds with three aromatic rings in linear arrangement with a SULFUR in the center ring.
  
• Thiram [M0021389]
  A dithiocarbamate chemical, used commercially in the rubber processing industry and as a fungicide. In vivo studies indicate that it inactivates the enzyme glutathione reductase. It has mutagenic activity and may induce chromosomal aberrations.
  
• Thiuram D [M0351503]
  
• Thomasin [M0007918]
  
• Thombran [M0476877]
  
• Thorazine [M0004203]
  
• Thymol [M0021457]
  A phenol obtained from thyme oil or other volatile oils. It is used as a stabilizer in pharmaceutic preparations. It has been used for its antiseptic, antibacterial, and antifungal actions, and was formerly used as a vermifuge. (Dorland, 28th ed)
  
• Thymolphthalein [M0021458]
  Used as a pH indicator and as a reagent for blood after decolorizing the alkaline solution by boiling with zinc dust.
  
• Thyramine [M0370894]
  
• Thyrozol [M0476438]
  
• Tiapridal [M0350882]
  
• Tiapride [M0021509]
  Benzamide derivative with dopamine antagonist actions similar to SULPIRIDE. It has been used as an antipsychotic and in the treatment of various movement disorders.
  
• Tiapride Monohydrochloride [M0329664]
  
• Tiberal [M0352083]
  
• Ticar [M0021518]
  
• Ticarcillin [M0021517]
  An antibiotic derived from penicillin similar to CARBENICILLIN in action.
  
• Ticarcillin Disodium [M0476614]
  
• Ticillin [M0476613]
  
• Ticlid [M0353431]
  
• Ticlodix [M0353432]
  
• Ticlodone [M0353433]
  
• Ticlopidine [M0021526]
  Ticlopidine is an effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation. The drug has been found to significantly reduce infarction size in acute myocardial infarcts and is an effective antithrombotic agent in arteriovenous fistulas, aorto-coronary bypass grafts, ischemic heart disease, venous thrombosis, and arteriosclerosis.
  
• Ticlopidine Hydrochloride [M0021525]
  
• Ticrynafen [M0021527]
  A novel diuretic with uricosuric action. It has been proposed as an antihypertensive agent.
  
• Tigal [M0467635]
  
• Tigason [M0351971]
  
• Tilade [M0026946]
  
• Tiletamine [M0021530]
  Proposed anesthetic with possible anticonvulsant and sedative properties.
  
• Tiletamine Hydrochloride [M0351825]
  
• Tilidine [M0021533]
  An opioid analgesic used similarly to MORPHINE in the control of moderate to severe pain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1097)
  
• Tilidine Hydrochloride [M0329667]
  
• Tilidine Hydrochloride, (+)-Trans [M0329666]
  
• Tillmans' Reagent [M0023204]
  
• Tilorone [M0021536]
  An antiviral agent used as its hydrochloride. It is the first recognized synthetic, low-molecular-weight compound that is an orally active interferon inducer, and is also reported to have antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory actions.
  
• Tilorone Hydrochloride [M0329668]
  
• Timacar [M0021545]
  
• Timolol [M0021546]
  A beta-adrenergic antagonist similar in action to PROPRANOLOL. The levo-isomer is the more active. Timolol has been proposed as an antihypertensive, antiarrhythmic, antiangina, and antiglaucoma agent. It is also used in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS and tremor.
  
• Timolol Hemihydrate [M0423711]
  
• Timolol Maleate [M0021551]
  
• Timoptic [M0021547]
  
• Timoptol [M0021548]
  
• Tinactin [M0476657]
  
• Tinatox [M0476674]
  
• Tindurine [M0373205]
  
• Tineafax [M0476675]
  
• Ting [M0476676]
  
• Tinidazole [M0021569]
  A nitroimidazole antitrichomonal agent effective against Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba histolytica, and Giardia lamblia infections.
  
• Tiobarbital Braun [M0476449]
  
• Tioguanina Wellcome [M0476617]
  
• Tiotrifar [M0351787]
  
• Tipuric [M0451693]
  
• Tirodril [M0476439]
  
• Tiron [M0021572]
  A colorimetric reagent for iron, manganese, titanium, molybdenum, and complexes of zirconium. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Tiron, Iron(3+) Salt [M0331206]
  
• Tisamid [M0373204]
  
• Tisercin [M0354114]
  
• Tixantone [M0012717]
  
• TL-azole [M0475883]
  
• TM-906 [M0351712]
  
• TN-762 [M0351746]
  
• Tocainide [M0025410]
  An antiarrhythmic agent which exerts a potential- and frequency-dependent block of sodium channels.
  
• Tocainide Hydrochloride [M0332642]
  
• Tocainide Monohdyrochloride, (R)-Isomer [M0329393]
  
• Tocainide Monohydrobromide, (R)-Isomer [M0329398]
  
• Tocainide Monohydrochloride [M0329391]
  
• Tocainide Monohydrochloride, (+-)-Isomer [M0329396]
  
• Tocainide Monohydrochloride, (S)-Isomer [M0329395]
  
• Tocainide, (+-)-Isomer [M0329397]
  
• Tocainide, (R)-Isomer [M0329392]
  
• Tocainide, (S)-Isomer [M0329394]
  
• Tocainide, Conjugate Monoacid(S)-Isomer [M0329390]
  
• Todralazine [M0021614]
  An antihypertensive agent with both central and peripheral action; it has some central nervous system depressant effects.
  
• Tofranil [M0354011]
  
• Tofuron [M0352064]
  
• Tolazamide [M0021626]
  A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE.
  
• Tolazoline [M0021628]
  A vasodilator that apparently has direct actions on blood vessels and also increases cardiac output. Tolazoline can interact to some degree with histamine, adrenergic, and cholinergic receptors, but the mechanisms of its therapeutic effects are not clear. It is used in treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn.
  
• Tolazoline Hydrochloride [M0331290]
  
• Tolbutamid R.A.N. [M0476645]
  
• Tolbutamide [M0021630]
  A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290)
  
• Tolectin [M0021632]
  
• Tolid [M0464814]
  
• Tolinase [M0476636]
  
• Tolmetin [M0021631]
  A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS, NON-STEROIDAL) similar in mode of action to INDOMETHACIN.
  
• Tolmetin Sodium [M0329544]
  
• Tolmetin Sodium, Anhydrous [M0329543]
  
• Tolnaftat Purder N [M0476677]
  
• Tolnaftate [M0021633]
  A synthetic antifungal agent.
  
• Tolonium Chloride [M0021634]
  A phenothiazine that has been used as a hemostatic, a biological stain, and a dye for wool and silk. Tolonium chloride has also been used as a diagnostic aid for oral and gastric neoplasms and in the identification of the parathyroid gland in thyroid surgery.
  
• Tolperisone [M0021637]
  A centrally acting muscle relaxant that has been used for the symptomatic treatment of spasticity and muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1211)
  
• Tolperisone Hydrochloride [M0476682]
  
• Toluene [M0021638]
  A widely used industrial solvent.
  
• Toluene 2,4-Diisocyanate [M0021639]
  Skin irritant and allergen used in the manufacture of polyurethane foams and other elastomers.
  
• Toluidines [M0021643]
  
• Tolvon [M0354041]
  
• Tolylene Diisocyanate [M0021641]
  
• Tolyprin [M0440885]
  
• Tomaxithen [M0021028]
  
• Tomosar [M0351728]
  
• Tonibral [M0005700]
  
• Tonocard [M0025411]
  
• Tonoftal [M0476678]
  
• Topicycline [M0021215]
  
• Topotecan [M0029340]
  An antineoplastic agent used to treat ovarian cancer. It works by inhibiting DNA TOPOISOMERASES, TYPE I.
  
• Topotecan Hydrochloride [M0329084]
  
• Toradol [M0140750]
  
• Torands [M0456966]
  
• Toraseptol [M0442747]
  
• Torbugesic [M0466362]
  
• Toremifene [M0026287]
  A first generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Like TAMOXIFEN, it is an estrogen agonist for bone tissue and cholesterol metabolism but is antagonistic on mammary and uterine tissue.
  
• Toremifene Citrate [M0026288]
  
• Toremifene, (E)-Isomer [M0329298]
  
• Torental [M0016201]
  
• Tosyl Compounds [M0021712]
  
• Totacef [M0351010]
  
• Toxaphene [M0021719]
  A very complex, but reproducible mixture of at least 177 C10 polychloro derivatives, having an approximate overall empirical formula of C10-H10-Cl8. It is used as an insecticide and may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen: Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Toxiferine [M0021723]
  A curare alkaloid that is a very potent competitive nicotinic antagonist at the neuromuscular junction.
  
• Toxogonin [M0351237]
  
• Toyomicin [M0357356]
  
• Trachyl [M0477828]
  
• Tracrium [M0001924]
  
• Tradon [M0474039]
  
• Tramadol [M0021764]
  A narcotic analgesic proposed for severe pain. It may be habituating.
  
• Tramadol Hydrochloride [M0021766]
  
• Tramal [M0021765]
  
• Trandate [M0012099]
  
• Tranexamic Acid [M0021767]
  Antifibrinolytic hemostatic used in severe hemorrhage.
  
• Tranmep [M0473987]
  
• trans-1,4-Bis(2-chlorobenzaminomethyl)cyclohexane Dihydrochloride [M0002055]
  An anticholesteremic agent that inhibits sterol biosynthesis in animals.
  
• trans-Clomiphene Citrate [M0004593]
  
• Transamin [M0351717]
  
• Transderm Nitro [M0009448]
  
• Transderm Scop [M0352991]
  
• Tranxene [M0004630]
  
• Tranxilium [M0372325]
  
• Tranxilium N [M0476800]
  
• Tranylcypromine [M0021846]
  A propylamine formed from the cyclization of the side chain of amphetamine. This monoamine oxidase inhibitor is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in panic and phobic disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311)
  
• Tranylcypromine Sulfate [M0476865]
  
• Trapanal [M0021365]
  
• Trapidil [M0021847]
  A coronary vasodilator agent.
  
• Trasicor [M0015660]
  
• Trauma-Dolgit Gel [M0010974]
  
• Travacalm HO [M0475518]
  
• Travel Well [M0485151]
  
• Traziquantel [M0361633]
  
• Trazodon Hexal [M0476878]
  
• Trazodon-neuraxpharm [M0476879]
  
• Trazodone [M0021855]
  A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent. It has been shown to be effective in patients with major depressive disorders and other subsets of depressive disorders. It is generally more useful in depressive disorders associated with insomnia and anxiety. This drug does not aggravate psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p309)
  
• Trazodone Hydrochloride [M0021856]
  
• Trazon [M0476880]
  
• Trecator-SC [M0352583]
  
• Tr�d�mine [M0463068]
  
• Treflan [M0351190]
  
• tregor [M0432313]
  
• Tremblex [M0006104]
  
• Tremorine [M0021870]
  
• Trendinol [M0463399]
  
• Trenimon [M0353135]
  
• Trental [M0016199]
  
• Tretinoin [M0021879]
  An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).
  
• Tretinoin Potassium Salt [M0329549]
  
• Tretinoin Sodium Salt [M0329548]
  
• Tretinoin Zinc Salt [M0329550]
  
• Tretoquinol [M0021886]
  An adrenergic beta-agonist used as a bronchodilator agent in asthma therapy.
  
• Tretoquinol-(R) [M0407422]
  
• Tretoquinol-(S) HCl [M0407423]
  
• Trexan [M0352956]
  
• Triacetoneamine-N-Oxyl [M0021889]
  Cyclic N-oxide radical functioning as a spin label and radiation-sensitizing agent.
  
• Trialkyltin Compounds [M0021893]
  Organometallic compounds which contain tin and three alkyl groups.
  
• Triallate [M0021887]
  A pre-emergence, selective herbicide for the control of wild oats in various crops.
  
• Triamterene [M0021904]
  A pteridine that is used as a mild diuretic.
  
• Triatec [M0361648]
  
• Triazenes [M0021907]
  Compounds with three contiguous nitrogen atoms in linear format, H2N-N=NH, and hydrocarbyl derivatives.
  
• Triazide [M0353612]
  
• Triazines [M0021908]
  Heterocyclic rings containing three nitrogen atoms, commonly in 1,2,4 or 1,3,5 or 2,4,6 formats. Some are used as HERBICIDES.
  
• Triaziquone [M0021909]
  Alkylating antineoplastic agent used mainly for ovarian tumors. It is toxic to skin, gastrointestinal tract, bone marrow and kidneys.
  
• Triazolam [M0021910]
  A short-acting benzodiazepine used in the treatment of insomnia. Some countries temporarily withdrew triazolam from the market because of concerns about adverse reactions, mostly psychological, associated with higher dose ranges. Its use at lower doses with appropriate care and labeling has been reaffirmed by the FDA and most other countries.
  
• Triazoles [M0021911]
  
• Tricandil [M0351806]
  
• Tricarboxylic Acids [M0021913]
  Organic compounds that are acyclic and contain three acid groups. A member of this class is citric acid which is the first product formed by reaction of pyruvate and oxaloacetate. (From Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p443)
  
• Trichazol [M0013707]
  
• Trichlormethiazide [M0021917]
  A thiazide diuretic with properties similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p830)
  
• Trichloroacetic Acid [M0021920]
  A strong acid used as a protein precipitant in clinical chemistry and also as a caustic for removing warts.
  
• Trichloroepoxypropane [M0021921]
  A potent epoxide hydrase and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase inhibitor. It enhances the tumor-initiating ability of certain carcinogens.
  
• Trichloroethanes [M0021922]
  Chlorinated ethanes which are used extensively as industrial solvents. They have been utilized in numerous home-use products including spot remover preparations and inhalant decongestant sprays. These compounds cause central nervous system and cardiovascular depression and are hepatotoxic. Include 1,1,1- and 1,1,2-isomers.
  
• Trichloroethylene [M0021923]
  A highly volatile inhalation anesthetic used mainly in short surgical procedures where light anesthesia with good analgesia is required. It is also used as an industrial solvent. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of the vapor can lead to cardiotoxicity and neurological impairment.
  
• Trichodermin [M0021925]
  Antifungal metabolite from several fungi, mainly Trichoderma viride; inhibits protein synthesis by binding to ribosomes; proposed as antifungal and antineoplastic; used as tool in cellular biochemistry.
  
• Trichodermol [M0021926]
  
• Trichopol [M0013708]
  
• Trichothecene Epoxides [M0021938]
  
• Trichothecenes [M0021939]
  Usually 12,13-epoxytrichothecenes, produced by Fusaria, Stachybotrys, Trichoderma and other fungi, and some higher plants. They may contaminate food or feed grains, induce emesis and hemorrhage in lungs and brain, and damage bone marrow due to protein and DNA synthesis inhibition.
  
• Triclosan [M0021945]
  A diphenyl ether derivative used in cosmetics and toilet soaps as an antiseptic. It has some bacteriostatic and fungistatic action.
  
• Tricolam [M0476615]
  
• Tricor [M0478159]
  
• Tricyclamol [M0017639]
  
• Tridil [M0009429]
  
• Tridione [M0353361]
  
• Trielina [M0351890]
  
• Triethylenemelamine [M0021951]
  Toxic alkylating agent used in industry; also as antineoplastic and research tool to produce chromosome aberrations and cancers.
  
• Triethylenephosphoramide [M0021170]
  An insect chemosterilant and an antineoplastic agent.
  
• Triethylenetetramine [M0021952]
  Used as stabilizer for epoxy resins, as ampholyte for isoelectric focusing and as chelating agent for copper in hepatolenticular degeneration; may cause liver damage.
  
• Triethyltin Compounds [M0021953]
  Organic compounds composed of tin and three ethyl groups. Affect mitochondrial metabolism and inhibit oxidative phosphorylation by acting directly on the energy conserving processes.
  
• Trifluoperazine [M0021955]
  A phenothiazine with actions similar to CHLORPROMAZINE. It is used as an antipsychotic and an antiemetic.
  
• Trifluoroacetate [M0021958]
  
• Trifluoroacetic Acid [M0021957]
  A very strong halogenated derivative of acetic acid. It is used in acid catalyzed reactions, especially those where an ester is cleaved in peptide synthesis.
  
• Trifluoroethanol [M0021959]
  A non-aqueous co-solvent that serves as tool to study protein folding. It is also used in various pharmaceutical, chemical and engineering applications.
  
• Trifluperidol [M0021961]
  A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It is used in the treatment of PSYCHOSES including MANIA and SCHIZOPHRENIA. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p621)
  
• Triflupromazine [M0021962]
  A phenothiazine used as an antipsychotic agent and as an antiemetic.
  
• Trifluralin [M0021963]
  A microtubule-disrupting pre-emergence herbicide.
  
• Triftazin [M0021954]
  
• Trihalomethanes [M0359610]
  Methanes substituted with three halogen atoms, which may be the same or different.
  
• Trihexyphenidyl [M0021972]
  One of the centrally acting MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS used for treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and drug-induced extrapyramidal movement disorders and as an antispasmodic.
  
• Trihexyphenidyl Hydrochloride [M0021971]
  
• Triiodobenzoic Acid [M0021974]
  
• Triiodobenzoic Acids [M0021975]
  Triiodo-substituted derivatives of BENZOIC ACID.
  
• Triiotrast [M0000149]
  
• Trilafon [M0016379]
  
• Trilam [M0476884]
  
• Trilene [M0351889]
  
• Trimebutine [M0021980]
  Proposed spasmolytic with possible local anesthetic action used in gastrointestinal disorders.
  
• Trimebutine Maleate Salt [M0351710]
  
• Trimecaine [M0021982]
  Acetanilide derivative used as a local anesthetic.
  
• Trimecaine Monohydrochloride [M0329551]
  
• Trimedoxime [M0021983]
  Cholinesterase reactivator used as an antidote in alkyl phosphate poisoning.
  
• Trimedoxime Bromide [M0021984]
  
• Trimeperidine [M0017702]
  
• Trimeprazine [M0021986]
  A phenothiazine derivative that is used as an antipruritic.
  
• Trimetazidine [M0021987]
  A vasodilator used in angina of effort or ischemic heart disease.
  
• Trimetazidine Dihydrochloride [M0476912]
  
• Trim�tazidine Irex [M0476914]
  
• Trimethadione [M0021989]
  An anticonvulsant effective in absence seizures, but generally reserved for refractory cases because of its toxicity. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p378)
  
• Trimethaphan [M0021990]
  A nicotinic antagonist that has been used as a ganglionic blocker in hypertension, as an adjunct to anesthesia, and to induce hypotension during surgery.
  
• Trimethoprim [M0021991]
  A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. The interference with folic acid metabolism may cause a depression of hematopoiesis. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.
  
• Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Combination [M0024001]
  This drug combination has proved to be an effective therapeutic agent with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It is effective in the treatment of many infections, including PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS.
  
• Trimethoprimsulfa [M0024018]
  
• Trimethyl Ammonium Compounds [M0474217]
  QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS containing three methyl groups, having the general formula of (CH3)3N+R.
  
• Trimethylpsoralen [M0022010]
  
• Trimethylsilyl Compounds [M0021993]
  Organic silicon derivatives used to characterize hydroxysteroids, nucleosides, and related compounds. Trimethylsilyl esters of amino acids are used in peptide synthesis.
  
• Trimethyltin Compounds [M0021994]
  Organic compounds composed of tin and three methyl groups. Affect mitochondrial metabolism and inhibit oxidative phosphorylation by acting directly on the energy conserving processes.
  
• Trimetin [M0353363]
  
• Trimetrexate [M0025316]
  A nonclassical folic acid inhibitor through its inhibition of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. It is being tested for efficacy as an antineoplastic agent and as an antiparasitic agent against PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS patients. Myelosuppression is its dose-limiting toxic effect.
  
• Trimetrexate Hydrate [M0331296]
  
• Trimetrexate Monohydrate, Monoacetate [M0331295]
  
• Trimipramine [M0021995]
  Tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE, but with more antihistaminic and sedative properties.
  
• Trimipramine Maleate [M0329556]
  
• Trimipramine Maleate (1:1) [M0329560]
  
• Trimipramine Maleate (1:1), (+)-Isomer [M0329554]
  
• Trimipramine Maleate (1:1), (+-)-Isomer [M0329552]
  
• Trimipramine Maleate (1:1), (-)-Isomer [M0329553]
  
• Trimipramine Mesylate [M0329557]
  
• Trimipramine Monohydrochloride [M0329559]
  
• Trimipramine, (+-)-Isomer [M0329555]
  
• Trimipramine, (-)-Isomer [M0329558]
  
• Trimosulfa [M0024019]
  
• Trimox [M0353676]
  
• Trimpex [M0373256]
  
• Trinitrin [M0009430]
  
• Trinitrobenzene Sulfonate [M0022004]
  
• Trinitrobenzenes [M0022000]
  Benzene derivatives which are substituted with three nitro groups in any position.
  
• Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid [M0022001]
  A reagent that is used to neutralize peptide terminal amino groups.
  
• Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid, Sodium Salt [M0329561]
  
• Trinitrolong [M0009449]
  
• Trinitrotoluene [M0022005]
  A 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, which is an explosive chemical that can cause skin irritation and other toxic consequences.
  
• Triombrast [M0350704]
  
• Triombrin [M0350703]
  
• Triosil [M0013693]
  
• Triostam [M0351608]
  
• Trioxsalen [M0022009]
  Pigmenting photosensitizing agent obtained from several plants, mainly Psoralea corylifolia. It is administered either topically or orally in conjunction with ultraviolet light in the treatment of vitiligo.
  
• Triparanol [M0022011]
  Antilipemic agent with high ophthalmic toxicity. According to Merck Index, 11th ed, the compound was withdrawn from the market in 1962 because of its association with the formation of irreversible cataracts.
  
• Tripelennamine [M0022012]
  A histamine H1 antagonist with low sedative action but frequent gastrointestinal irritation. It is used to treat ASTHMA; HAY FEVER; URTICARIA; and RHINITIS; and also in veterinary applications. Tripelennamine is administered by various routes, including topically.
  
• Tripelennamine Citrate [M0022013]
  
• Tripelennamine Hydrochloride [M0329564]
  
• Tripelennamine Maleate [M0329565]
  
• Tripelennamine Maleate (1:1) [M0329566]
  
• Tripelennamine Monohydrochloride [M0329563]
  
• Tripfluoperazine Hydrochloride [M0354143]
  
• Triphenyl Compounds [M0021185]
  
• Triprolidine [M0022015]
  Histamine H1 antagonist used in ALLERGIC RHINITIS; ASTHMA; and URTICARIA. It is a component of COUGH and COLD medicines. It may cause drowsiness.
  
• Triprolidine Hydrochloride [M0329573]
  
• Triprolidine Monohydrochloride [M0329572]
  
• Triprolidine Monohydrochloride, (Z)-Isomer [M0329571]
  
• Triprolidine Oxalate [M0329569]
  
• Triprolidine Oxalate, (trans)-Isomer [M0329570]
  
• Triprolidine, (Z)-Isomer [M0329568]
  
• Triptafen [M0433232]
  
• Triptans [M0483514]
  Derivatives of TRYPTAMINES that are SEROTONIN AGONISTS acting at 5-HT1 RECEPTORS. Some are used to treat MIGRAINE DISORDERS.
  
• TripTone [M0485157]
  
• Trisan [M0476895]
  
• Trisedil [M0351992]
  
• Trisodium Nitrilotriacetate [M0014882]
  
• Trisoralen [M0392812]
  
• Triterpenes [M0022020]
  
• Trithio [M0351786]
  
• Triton X-100 [M0026940]
  
• Triton X-305 [M0026942]
  
• Triton X-45 [M0026941]
  
• Tritons [M0017183]
  
• Trittico [M0021854]
  
• Trityl Compounds [M0022025]
  
• Trivastal [M0353381]
  
• Trivazol [M0013709]
  
• Trizma [M0350690]
  
• Trobicin [M0000294]
  
• Troleandomycin [M0021890]
  A macrolide antibiotic that is similar to ERYTHROMYCIN.
  
• Tromethamine [M0022030]
  An organic amine proton acceptor. It is used in the synthesis of surface-active agents and pharmaceuticals; as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, as a biological buffer, and used as an alkalizer. (From Merck, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1424)
  
• Tromexan [M0372413]
  
• Tropanes [M0022031]
  
• Tropicamide [M0022036]
  One of the MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS with pharmacologic action similar to ATROPINE and used mainly as an ophthalmic parasympatholytic or mydriatic.
  
• Tropicamide Monohydrochloride, (R)-Isomer [M0331299]
  
• Tropicamide Monohydrochloride, (S)-Isomer [M0331298]
  
• Tropicamide, (+-)-Isomer [M0331297]
  
• Tropicamide, (R)-Isomer [M0331300]
  
• Tropicamide, (S)-Isomer [M0331301]
  
• Tropolone [M0022040]
  A seven-membered aromatic ring compound. It is structurally related to a number of naturally occurring antifungal compounds (ANTIBIOTICS, ANTIFUNGAL).
  
• Truphylline [M0432772]
  
• Trypan Blue [M0022059]
  An azo that that is used in protozoal infections.
  
• Tryptamines [M0022087]
  Decarboxylated monoamine derivatives of TRYPTOPHAN.
  
• Tryptine [M0433230]
  
• Tryptizol [M0000978]
  
• Tsentedrin [M0013661]
  
• Tubazide [M0351798]
  
• Tubocin [M0373212]
  
• Tubocurarine [M0022137]
  A neuromuscular blocker and active ingredient in CURARE; plant based alkaloid of Menispermaceae.
  
• Tubocurarine Chloride [M0022138]
  
• Tubulicid [M0350941]
  
• Turisynchron [M0013550]
  
• Turpentine [M0022172]
  The concrete oleoresin obtained from Pinus palustris Mill. (Pinaceae) and other species of Pinus. It contains a volatile oil, to which its properties are due, and to which form it is generally used. (Dorland, 28th ed) Turpentine is used as a solvent and an experimental irritant in biomedical research. Turpentine toxicity is of medical interest.
  
• Tuscalman [M0464787]
  
• TUT-7 [M0351732]
  
• Tween 20 [M0017255]
  
• Tween 60 [M0017256]
  
• Tween 80 [M0017257]
  
• Tween 81 [M0017258]
  
• Tween 85 [M0017259]
  
• Tweens [M0017260]
  
• Tylan [M0352048]
  
• Tylenol [M0000121]
  
• Tylosin [M0023982]
  Macrolide antibiotic obtained from cultures of Streptomyces fradiae. The drug is effective against many microorganisms in animals but not in humans.
  
• Tylosin Hydrochloride [M0329540]
  
• Tylosin Tartrate (Salt) [M0023983]
  
• Tyramine [M0022194]
  An indirect sympathomimetic. Tyramine does not directly activate adrenergic receptors, but it can serve as a substrate for adrenergic uptake systems and monoamine oxidase so it prolongs the actions of adrenergic transmitters. It also provokes transmitter release from adrenergic terminals. Tyramine may be a neurotransmitter in some invertebrate nervous systems.
  
• Tyropanoate [M0022199]
  A diagnostic aid as a radiopaque medium in cholecystography.
  
• U 10858 [M0373556]
  
• U-11,100A [M0014422]
  
• U-14,624 [M0352397]
  
• U-15167 [M0373561]
  
• U-26,597 A [M0351261]
  
• U-31,889 [M0353437]
  
• U-33,030 [M0353523]
  
• U-33,624A [M0372336]
  
• U-50488 [M0369892]
  
• U-5897 [M0350664]
  
• U-5956 [M0351804]
  
• U-72791A [M0023576]
  
• U-90152 [M0353365]
  
• Ubiquinone [M0022211]
  A lipid-soluble benzoquinone which is involved in electron transport in mitochondrial preparations. The compound occurs in the majority of aerobic organisms, from bacteria to higher plants and animals.
  
• UC-21,149 [M0351471]
  
• UCB-3983 [M0351801]
  
• UCB-6215 [M0332461]
  
• Ucephan [M0459874]
  
• Ucine [M0475940]
  
• Ugurol [M0351716]
  
• UK-33274 [M0353845]
  
• UK-4271 [M0353874]
  
• UK-49858 [M0353147]
  
• Ukapen [M0001026]
  
• Ulcol [M0475941]
  
• Ulcolax [M0477695]
  
• Ulcoprotect [M0475055]
  
• Ulgescum [M0475056]
  
• Ulix [M0029439]
  
• Ultracaine [M0372314]
  
• Ultracef [M0353623]
  
• Ultracortenol [M0463370]
  
• Ultradol [M0352581]
  
• Ultramop [M0474233]
  
• Ultron [M0351810]
  
• Umbelliferones [M0022244]
  7-Hydroxycoumarins. Substances present in many plants, especially umbelliferae. Umbelliferones are used in sunscreen preparations and may be mutagenic. Their derivatives are used in liver therapy, as reagents, plant growth factors, sunscreens, insecticides, parasiticides, choleretics, spasmolytics, etc.
  
• UML-491 [M0352827]
  
• Unden [M0361421]
  
• Unifluid [M0475340]
  
• Uniphyl [M0362267]
  
• Uniphylline [M0362266]
  
• Unithiol [M0022297]
  A chelating agent used as an antidote to heavy metal poisoning.
  
• Uralyt U [M0028794]
  
• Urate [M0022341]
  
• Urdrim [M0434850]
  
• Urea [M0022315]
  A compound formed in the liver from ammonia produced by the deamination of amino acids. It is the principal end product of protein catabolism and constitutes about one half of the total urinary solids.
  
• Urecholine [M0002443]
  
• Urethane [M0022330]
  Antineoplastic agent that is also used as a veterinary anesthetic. It has also been used as an intermediate in organic synthesis. Urethane is suspected to be a carcinogen.
  
• Urfamycin [M0476442]
  
• Uribenz [M0451692]
  
• Uric Acid [M0022340]
  
• Uridocid [M0451691]
  
• Uripurinol [M0451690]
  
• Urisan [M0474779]
  
• Urispas [M0008553]
  
• Urizid [M0459367]
  
• Urobactam [M0444733]
  
• Urobilin [M0022379]
  
• Urobilinogen [M0022380]
  A colorless compound formed in the intestines by the reduction of bilirubin. Some is excreted in the feces where it is oxidized to urobilin. Some is reabsorbed and re-excreted in the bile as bilirubin. At times, it is re-excreted in the urine, where it may be later oxidized to urobilin.
  
• Urocanic Acid [M0022382]
  4-Imidazoleacrylic acid.
  
• Urocarb [M0460106]
  
• Urocaudal [M0476881]
  
• Urogesic [M0474760]
  
• Urografin 76 [M0006226]
  
• Urolene Blue [M0392720]
  
• Uromiro [M0351682]
  
• Uromitexan [M0023196]
  
• Uronid [M0478255]
  
• Uropipemid [M0474780]
  
• Uroporphyrinogen III [M0022408]
  
• Uroporphyrinogens [M0022409]
  Porphyrinogens which are intermediates in heme biosynthesis. They have four acetic acid and four propionic acid side chains attached to the pyrrole rings. Uroporphyrinogen I and III are formed from polypyrryl methane in the presence of uroporphyrinogen III cosynthetase and uroporphyrin I synthetase, respectively. They can yield uroporphyrins by autooxidation or coproporphyrinogens by decarboxylation.
  
• Uroporphyrins [M0022410]
  Porphyrins with four acetic acid and four propionic acid side chains attached to the pyrrole rings.
  
• Uroseptol [M0477797]
  
• Urosin [M0451681]
  
• Urotropin [M0351275]
  
• Urovist [M0350702]
  
• Ursopen [M0016137]
  
• Urtias [M0451680]
  
• Ustimon [M0010325]
  
• UTI Relief [M0474761]
  
• Uticillin [M0003484]
  
• V-Cillin K [M0016141]
  
• V-Serp [M0475024]
  
• V-Sul [M0475884]
  
• Vagi-Hex [M0449829]
  
• Vagilen [M0013710]
  
• Valbazen [M0353546]
  
• Valium [M0006231]
  
• Valoron [M0021534]
  
• Van-Pen-G [M0477243]
  
• Vanadom [M0477281]
  
• Vancide 89 [M0353724]
  
• Vanillic Acid [M0022520]
  A flavoring agent. It is the intermediate product in the two-step bioconversion of ferulic acid to vanillin. (J Biotechnol 1996;50(2-3):107-13).
  
• Vanilmandelic Acid [M0022521]
  
• Vanobid [M0352007]
  
• Vantal Brand of Benzydamine Hydrochloride [M0477232]
  
• Vaponefrin [M0007586]
  
• Variargil [M0431993]
  
• Vasartel [M0021988]
  
• Vascor [M0024157]
  
• Vaseline [M0369512]
  
• Vasoclear [M0462952]
  
• Vasocon [M0462951]
  
• Vasocon Regular [M0462950]
  
• VasoNit [M0462901]
  
• Vasoxyl [M0350564]
  
• Vastarel [M0476915]
  
• Vasten [M0475489]
  
• Vastensium [M0463400]
  
• Vasylox [M0013599]
  
• Vectarion [M0024160]
  
• Vegacillin [M0351149]
  
• Vegesan [M0476801]
  
• Velban [M0022673]
  
• Velocef [M0477847]
  
• Velosef [M0003835]
  
• Venosmine [M0357353]
  
• Ventolin [M0000632]
  
• Venturicidins [M0022603]
  Toxic substances isolated from various strains of Streptomyces. They are 20-membered macrolides that inhibit oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial ATPases. Venturicidins A and B are glycosides. Used mainly as tools in the study of mitochondrial function.
  
• Veralba [M0017921]
  
• Verapamil [M0022608]
  A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.
  
• Veratetrin [M0017918]
  
• Veratridine [M0022610]
  A benzoate-cevane found in VERATRUM and Schoenocaulon. It activates SODIUM CHANNELS to stay open longer than normal.
  
• Veratrine [M0022612]
  
• Veratrum Alkaloids [M0022614]
  Alkaloids with powerful hypotensive effects isolated from American or European Hellebore (Veratrum viride Ait. Liliaceae and Veratrum album L. Liliaceae). They increase cholinergic and decrease adrenergic tone with appropriate side effects and at higher doses depress respiration and produce cardiac arrhythmias; only the ester alkaloids have been used as hypotensive agents in specific instances. They have been generally replaced by drugs with fewer adverse effects.
  
• Vercyte [M0474849]
  
• Verdasan [M0352119]
  
• Verladyn [M0485101]
  
• Vermicol [M0474741]
  
• Vermidil [M0474742]
  
• Vermin [M0474743]
  
• Vermox [M0013159]
  
• Verografin [M0350701]
  
• Veronal [M0372655]
  
• Versed [M0013845]
  
• Versenate [M0352533]
  
• Versene [M0352532]
  
• Vertigo-Vomex [M0485150]
  
• Vertigon [M0477347]
  
• Vesanoid [M0021882]
  
• Vesdil [M0475020]
  
• Vetoron [M0351957]
  
• Vetranquil [M0431452]
  
• Viaflex [M0017274]
  
• Vibramycin [M0006794]
  
• Vibramycin Novum [M0006793]
  
• Vibravenos [M0351743]
  
• Vicasol [M0047741]
  
• Vicemycetin [M0350685]
  
• Vicrom [M0361527]
  
• Vicryl [M0373158]
  
• Vidirakt S mit PVP [M0475334]
  
• Vidisic PVP Ophtiole [M0475333]
  
• Vigencial [M0474262]
  
• Vigilon [M0373153]
  
• Vikasol [M0047742]
  
• Viloxazine [M0022667]
  A morpholine derivative used as an antidepressant. It is similar in action to IMIPRAMINE.
  
• Viloxazine Hydrochloride [M0329607]
  
• Viloxazine Hydrochloride, (R)-Isomer [M0329486]
  
• Viloxazine Hydrochloride, (S)-Isomer [M0329485]
  
• Viloxazine Oxalate (1:1) [M0329606]
  
• Viloxazine, (+-)-Isomer [M0329608]
  
• Viloxazine, (R)-Isomer [M0329542]
  
• Viloxazine, (S)-Isomer [M0329484]
  
• Vinblastin Hexal [M0476541]
  
• Vinblastine [M0022672]
  Antitumor alkaloid isolated from Vinca rosea. (Merck, 11th ed.)
  
• Vinblastine Sulfate [M0373265]
  
• Vinblastinsulfat-Gry [M0476542]
  
• Vinca Alkaloids [M0022674]
  A group of indole-indoline dimers which are ALKALOIDS obtained from the VINCA genus of plants. They inhibit polymerization of TUBULIN into MICROTUBULES thus blocking spindle formation and arresting cells in METAPHASE. They are some of the most useful ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS.
  
• Vincamine [M0022675]
  A major alkaloid of Vinca minor L., Apocynaceae. It has been used therapeutically as a vasodilator and antihypertensive agent, particularly in cerebrovascular disorders.
  
• Vincapront [M0353115]
  
• Vincasar [M0476543]
  
• Vincimax [M0353114]
  
• Vincristin Bristol [M0476547]
  
• Vincristin medac [M0476548]
  
• Vincristine [M0022676]
  Antitumor alkaloid isolated from Vinca Rosea. (Merck, 11th ed.)
  
• Vincristine Sulfate [M0022677]
  
• Vincrisul [M0022678]
  
• Vindesine [M0022680]
  Vinblastine derivative with antineoplastic activity against CANCER. Major side effects are myelosuppression and neurotoxicity. Vindesine is used extensively in chemotherapy protocols (ANTINEOPLASTIC COMBINED CHEMOTHERAPY PROTOCOLS).
  
• Vindesine Sulfate [M0329487]
  
• Vinegar [M0028792]
  
• Vintec [M0476549]
  
• Vinyl Chloride [M0022683]
  A gas that has been used as an aerosol propellant and is the starting material for polyvinyl resins. Toxicity studies have shown various adverse effects, particularly the occurrence of liver neoplasms.
  
• Vinyl Compounds [M0022684]
  
• Vinylite [M0351809]
  
• Vinzam [M0442748]
  
• Vioform [M0011661]
  
• Viologens [M0022689]
  A group of dipyridinium chloride derivatives that are used as oxidation-reduction indicators. The general formula is 1,1'-di-R-4,4'-bipyridinium chloride, where R = methyl, ethyl, benzyl or, betaine.
  
• Viprynium [M0018304]
  
• Viracept [M0029530]
  
• Viregyt [M0000850]
  
• Virlix [M0353368]
  
• Virulence Factors [M0413031]
  Those components of an organism that determine its capacity to cause disease but are not required for its viability per se. Two classes have been characterized: TOXINS, BIOLOGICAL and surface adhesion molecules that effect the ability of the microorganism to invade and colonize a host. (From Davis et al., Microbiology, 4th ed. p486)
  
• Visano [M0473988]
  
• Visken [M0016873]
  
• Visotrast 300 [M0000150]
  
• Visotrast 400 [M0000151]
  
• Vistagan [M0463371]
  
• Vistaril [M0010794]
  
• Vitamin A [M0022788]
  Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.
  
• Vitamin B 12 [M0022794]
  A cobalt-containing coordination compound produced by intestinal micro-organisms and found also in soil and water. Higher plants do not concentrate vitamin B 12 from the soil and so are a poor source of the substance as compared with animal tissues. INTRINSIC FACTOR is important for the assimilation of vitamin B 12.
  
• Vitamin B 6 [M0018248]
  VITAMIN B 6 refers to several PICOLINES (especially PYRIDOXINE; PYRIDOXAL; & PYRIDOXAMINE) that are efficiently converted by the body to PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, and aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into PYRIDOXAMINE phosphate. Although pyridoxine and Vitamin B 6 are still frequently used as synonyms, especially by medical researchers, this practice is erroneous and sometimes misleading (EE Snell; Ann NY Acad Sci, vol 585 pg 1, 1990). Most of vitamin B6 is eventually degraded to PYRIDOXIC ACID and excreted in the urine.
  
• Vitamin B Complex [M0022792]
  A group of water-soluble vitamins, some of which are COENZYMES.
  
• Vitamin K 3 [M0022805]
  A synthetic naphthoquinone without the isoprenoid side chain and biological activity, but can be converted to active vitamin K2, menaquinone, after alkylation in vivo.
  
• Vitamin K3 sodium bisulfite [M0047743]
  
• Vitaseptol [M0476446]
  
• Vitavax [M0350849]
  
• Viternum [M0005523]
  
• Vitispiranes [M0482509]
  
• Vivactil [M0017929]
  
• Vivalan [M0022668]
  
• Vivarin [M0466584]
  
• VMI-103 [M0350973]
  
• Voltaren [M0006288]
  
• Voltarol [M0006285]
  
• Vomacur [M0485156]
  
• Vomisin [M0485155]
  
• Vorigeno [M0475519]
  
• Vulcanite [M0019290]
  
• Vulklor [M0352339]
  
• W-19053 [M0350844]
  
• W-36095 [M0332641]
  
• W-6412A [M0333575]
  
• W-7000A [M0003034]
  
• Wampocap [M0014816]
  
• Warfant [M0476576]
  
• Warfarin [M0022871]
  An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.
  
• Warfarin Potassium [M0022872]
  
• Warfarin Sodium [M0022873]
  
• WariActiv [M0477827]
  
• Wartec [M0475068]
  
• Wehamine [M0485226]
  
• Wellbutrin [M0351998]
  
• Wellcovorin [M0369300]
  
• Wet-Comod [M0475331]
  
• Wilprafen [M0352027]
  
• Win-35197-2 [M0353145]
  
• Win-40680 [M0372293]
  
• Win-47203 [M0350974]
  
• WIN-88512 [M0351856]
  
• Wincoram [M0372291]
  
• Windol [M0465106]
  
• Wiregyt [M0000851]
  
• Wormkuur [M0474744]
  
• Woun'dres [M0431996]
  
• WR-142,490 [M0353902]
  
• WR-177,602 [M0374654]
  
• WR-246310 [M0373298]
  
• Wy-21901 [M0350872]
  
• WY-22811 [M0013441]
  
• WY-3917 [M0353494]
  
• WY-4036 [M0353485]
  
• WY-8678 [M0350957]
  
• Wyamycin E [M0352020]
  
• Wymox [M0353675]
  
• Wytensin [M0350956]
  
• X-537A [M0361711]
  
• Xamoterol [M0026277]
  A selective beta-1-adrenergic partial agonist. Because it is a partial agonist it acts like an agonist when sympathetic activity is low and as an antagonist when sympathetic activity is high. It reduces myocardial ischemia and improves ventricular function in patients with mild to moderate heart failure. In patients with severe heart failure it has been shown to produce benefits in systolic and diastolic function.
  
• Xamoterol Fumarate [M0026279]
  
• Xamoterol Hemifumarate [M0350802]
  
• Xamoterol Maleate (2:1) [M0329285]
  
• Xamoterol Monohydrobromide [M0329281]
  
• Xamoterol Monohydrochloride [M0329280]
  
• Xamoterol, (S)-Isomer [M0329283]
  
• Xamtol [M0026278]
  
• Xanax [M0000807]
  
• Xanthenes [M0023042]
  Compounds with three aromatic rings in linear arrangement with an OXYGEN in the center ring.
  
• Xanthines [M0023046]
  Purine bases found in body tissues and fluids and in some plants.
  
• Xanthinol Niacinate [M0023047]
  A vasodilator used in peripheral vascular disorders and insufficiency. It may cause gastric discomfort and hypotension.
  
• Xanthomax [M0451678]
  
• Xanthones [M0444137]
  A group of XANTHENES that contain a 9-keto OXYGEN.
  
• Xanthophylls [M0370115]
  Oxygenated forms of carotenoids. They are usually derived from alpha and beta carotene.
  
• Xanthopterin [M0023056]
  2-Amino-1,5-dihydro-4,6-pteridinedione. Pigment first discovered in butterfly wings and widely distributed in plants and animals.
  
• Xanthurenates [M0023057]
  
• Xantinol-nicotinat-ratiopharm [M0476577]
  
• Xanturic [M0451677]
  
• Xavin [M0352651]
  
• Xenazine [M0476242]
  
• Xipamide [M0023068]
  A sulfamoylbenzamide analog of CLOPAMIDE. It is diuretic and saluretic with antihypertensive activity. It is bound to PLASMA PROTEINS, thus has a delayed onset and prolonged action.
  
• Xopenex [M0359591]
  
• Xylazine [M0023071]
  An adrenergic alpha-agonist used as a sedative, analgesic, and muscle relaxant in veterinary medicine.
  
• Xylazine Hydrochloride [M0329491]
  
• Xylazine Monohydrochloride [M0329490]
  
• Xylazine Phosphate (1:1) [M0329492]
  
• Xylene [M0023073]
  
• Xylenes [M0023074]
  A family of isomeric, colorless aromatic hydrocarbon liquids, that contain the general formula C6H4(CH3)2. They are produced by the destructive distillation of coal or by the catalytic reforming of petroleum naphthenic fractions. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
  
• Xylesthesin [M0350846]
  
• Xylocaine [M0012490]
  
• Xylocaine CO2 [M0012488]
  
• Xylocitin [M0350845]
  
• Xyloneural [M0012486]
  
• Xyrem [M0475568]
  
• Y-93 [M0373558]
  
• YM-09330 [M0351042]
  
• YM-11170 [M0333423]
  
• Yocon [M0362210]
  
• Yodoxin [M0353882]
  
• Yohimbans [M0023102]
  
• Yohimbin Spiegel [M0476588]
  
• Yohimbine [M0023104]
  A plant alkaloid with alpha-2-adrenergic blocking activity. Yohimbine has been used as a mydriatic and in the treatment of impotence. It is also alleged to be an aphrodisiac.
  
• Yohimbine Houd� [M0476589]
  
• Yohimbine Hydrochloride [M0476584]
  
• Yohimex [M0023105]
  
• Yomesan [M0014831]
  
• Yumex [M0019600]
  
• Yutopar [M0019138]
  
• Z 7300 [M0357809]
  
• Z-Max [M0474448]
  
• Zaditen [M0012003]
  
• Zanamivir [M0217195]
  A guanido-neuraminic acid that is used to inhibit NEURAMINIDASE.
  
• Zanil [M0350863]
  
• Zantac [M0018472]
  
• Zantic [M0018470]
  
• Zarontin [M0007888]
  
• Zaroxolyn [M0350906]
  
• Zearalenone [M0023120]
  (S-(E))-3,4,5,6,8,10-Hexahydro-14,16-dihydroxy-3-methyl-1H-2-benzoxacyclotetradecin-1,7(8H)-dione. One of a group of compounds known under the general designation of resorcylic acid lactones. Cis, trans, dextro and levo forms have been isolated from the fungus Gibberella zeae (formerly Fusarium graminearum). They have estrogenic activity, cause toxicity in livestock as feed contaminant, and have been used as anabolic or estrogen substitutes.
  
• ZeaSorb [M0476679]
  
• Zeatin [M0023121]
  An aminopurine factor in plant extracts that induces cell division. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dict, 5th ed)
  
• Zeefra G� [M0477848]
  
• Zefazone [M0477357]
  
• Zelmid [M0373270]
  
• Zentavion [M0442749]
  
• Zepelin [M0373160]
  
• Zephiran [M0350978]
  
• Zeranol [M0023124]
  A non-steroidal estrogen analog.
  
• Zerlate [M0023145]
  
• zeta Carotene [M0003537]
  A carotenoid produced in most carotenogenic organisms. It is one of several sequentially synthesized molecules that are precursors to BETA CAROTENE.
  
• Zetir [M0477945]
  
• Ziken [M0474162]
  
• Zimeldine [M0023127]
  One of the SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS formerly used for depression but was withdrawn worldwide in September 1983 because of the risk of GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME associated with its use. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p385)
  
• Zimelidine Hydrochloride [M0023128]
  
• Zimmer Bone Cement [M0030004]
  
• Zinacef [M0351071]
  
• Zinc Acetate [M0028798]
  A salt produced by the reaction of zinc oxide with acetic acid and used as an astringent, styptic, and emetic.
  
• Zinc Glycyrrhizate [M0029247]
  
• Zinc Orotate [M0015449]
  
• Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement [M0023134]
  Used as a dental cement this is mainly zinc oxide (with strengtheners and accelerators) and eugenol. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p50)
  
• Zinc Peracetate [M0016250]
  
• Zinc Polycarboxylate Cement [M0017156]
  
• Zinc Sulfadiazine [M0020741]
  
• Zinc-DTPA [M0006871]
  
• Zineb [M0023137]
  An agricultural fungicide of the dithiocarbamate class. It has relatively low toxicity and there is little evidence of human injury from exposure.
  
• Zinecard [M0363548]
  
• Zinostatin [M0014562]
  An enediyne that alkylates DNA and RNA like MITOMYCIN does, so it is cytotoxic.
  
• Ziram [M0023141]
  An industrial fungicide with low mammalian toxicity, although it does possess an irritant capacity for skin and mucous membranes.
  
• Zitazonium [M0021025]
  
• Zithromax [M0027130]
  
• ZK-62711 [M0067310]
  
• Zoalene [M0350869]
  
• Zocor [M0029426]
  
• Zofran [M0353338]
  
• Zolazepam [M0023149]
  A pyrazolodiazepinone with pharmacological actions similar to ANTI-ANXIETY AGENTS. It is commonly used in combination with TILETAMINE to obtain immobilization and anesthesia in animals.
  
• Zolazepam Hydrochloride [M0353134]
  
• Zoloft [M0029931]
  
• Zonal [M0478571]
  
• Zonalon [M0354084]
  
• Zorprin [M0001869]
  
• Zoxazolamine [M0023158]
  A uricosuric and muscle relaxant. Zoxazolamine acts centrally as a muscle relaxant, but the mechanism of its action is not understood.
  
• ZR-515 [M0351549]
  
• Zuclomiphene [M0004594]
  
• Zuclopenthixol [M0004623]
  
• Zyban (Anti-Smoking) [M0328848]
  
• Zygout [M0451676]
  
• Zyloprim [M0353792]
  
• Zyma [M0003644]
  
• Zymosan [M0023164]
  
• Zymosan A [M0023165]
  
• Zyntabac [M0465420]
  
• Zyrtec [M0026322]