Organic Chemical

MeSH ID: T109

Related Concepts:

• (+)-Cyanidanol-3 [M0003637]
  
• (3-Iodo-(131I)benzyl)guanidine [M0029374]
  
• (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride [M0013150]
  A drug that selectively activates certain subclasses of muscarinic receptors and also activates postganglionic nicotinic receptors. It is commonly used experimentally to distinguish muscarinic receptor subtypes.
  
• (R)-2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-8-chloro-3-methyl-5-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepin-7-ol [M0024710]
  A dopamine D1 receptor antagonist that has no effect or only very limited effect on dopamine D2 receptors. The compound has tranquilizing effects, inhibits conditioned avoidance response, impairs memory acquisition, produces dose-dependent catalepsy, blocks central serotonin receptors, and reduces the lethal effects of cocaine.
  
• 1,2,4,5-Tetraoxanes [M0448811]
  
• 1,2-Benzoquinones [M0024778]
  
• 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine [M0029409]
  A DNA alkylating agent that has been shown to be a potent carcinogen and is widely used to induce colon tumors in experimental animals.
  
• 1,3-Diphenylpropanediones [M0456659]
  Compounds based on oxidized CHALCONE.
  
• 1,4-Benzoquinones [M0024779]
  
• 1,5-Deoxy-1,5-imino-D-mannitol [M0026527]
  
• 1,5-Dideoxy-1,5-imino-D-mannitol [M0329225]
  
• 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine [M0028749]
  A specific protein kinase C inhibitor, which inhibits superoxide release from human neutrophils (PMN) stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or synthetic diacylglycerol.
  
• 1-Deoxymannojirimycin [M0026525]
  
• 1-Deoxynojirimycin [M0026526]
  An alpha-glucosidase inhibitor with antiviral action. Derivatives of deoxynojirimycin may have anti-HIV activity.
  
• 1-Deoxynojirimycin Hydrochloride [M0329224]
  
• 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine [M0023168]
  A potent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor; due to this action, the compound increases cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in tissue and thereby activates CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-REGULATED PROTEIN KINASES
  
• 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine [M0023971]
  A dopaminergic neurotoxic compound which produces irreversible clinical, chemical, and pathological alterations that mimic those found in Parkinson disease.
  
• 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium [M0023993]
  An active neurotoxic metabolite of 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE. The compound reduces dopamine levels, inhibits the biosynthesis of catecholamines, depletes cardiac norepinephrine and inactivates tyrosine hydroxylase. These and other toxic effects lead to cessation of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP depletion, and cell death. The compound, which is related to PARAQUAT, has also been used as an herbicide.
  
• 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium Chloride [M0331307]
  
• 1-Naphthylamine [M0023169]
  A suspected industrial carcinogen (and listed as such by OSHA). Its N-hydroxy metabolite is strongly carcinogenic and mutagenic.
  
• 1-Naphthylisothiocyanate [M0023170]
  A tool for the study of liver damage which causes bile stasis and hyperbilirubinemia acutely and bile duct hyperplasia and biliary cirrhosis chronically, with changes in hepatocyte function. It may cause skin and kidney damage.
  
• 1-Oxacephalosporin [M0014144]
  
• 1-Propanol [M0000657]
  A colorless liquid made by oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbons that is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate.
  
• 11-cis-Retinal [M0018958]
  
• 11-cis-Retinol [M0370290]
  
• 13-cis-Acitretin [M0026178]
  
• 19,583 RP [M0351745]
  
• 2,2'-Dipyridyl [M0023198]
  A reagent used for the determination of iron.
  
• 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine [M0362415]
  A selective D1 dopamine receptor agonist used primarily as a research tool.
  
• 2,3-Dihydroxy-1,4-dithiolbutane [M0006615]
  
• 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate [M0029370]
  A highly anionic organic phosphate which is present in human red blood cells at about the same molar ratio as hemoglobin. It binds to deoxyhemoglobin but not the oxygenated form, therefore diminishing the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin. This is essential in enabling hemoglobin to unload oxygen in tissue capillaries. It is also an intermediate in the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate by phosphoglycerate mutase (EC 5.4.2.1). (From Stryer Biochemistry, 4th ed, p160; Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p508)
  
• 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate, (D)-Isomer [M0329117]
  
• 2,3-Diphosphoglyceric Acid [M0029371]
  
• 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid [M0023202]
  An herbicide with strong irritant properties. Use of this compound on rice fields, orchards, sugarcane, rangeland, and other noncrop sites was terminated by the EPA in 1985. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene Sulfonate [M0022002]
  
• 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid [M0023201]
  An herbicide with irritant effects on the eye and the gastrointestinal system.
  
• 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, Ammonium Salt [M0329499]
  
• 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, Lithium Salt [M0329501]
  
• 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, Potassium Salt [M0329498]
  
• 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, Sodium Salt [M0329500]
  
• 2,4-Dinitrophenol [M0028729]
  A toxic dye, chemically related to trinitrophenol (picric acid), used in biochemical studies of oxidative processes where it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation. It is also used as a metabolic stimulant. (Stedman, 26th ed)
  
• 2,5-Dihydroxybenzenesulfonate [M0003168]
  
• 2,5-Dihydroxybenzenesulfonic Acid [M0003169]
  
• 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine [M0006747]
  A psychedelic phenyl isopropylamine derivative, commonly called DOM, whose mood-altering effects and mechanism of action may be similar to those of LSD.
  
• 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine Hydrochloride, (+,-)-Isomer [M0330396]
  
• 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine Hydrochloride, (R)-Isomer [M0330399]
  
• 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine Hydrochloride, (S)-Isomer [M0330400]
  
• 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine, (+,-)-Isomer [M0330395]
  
• 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine, (R)-Isomer [M0330397]
  
• 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine, (S)-Isomer [M0330398]
  
• 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine, Hydrochloride [M0330394]
  
• 2,6-Dichloroindophenol [M0023203]
  A dye used as a reagent in the determination of vitamin C.
  
• 2-Acetylaminofluorene [M0023186]
  A hepatic carcinogen whose mechanism of activation involves N-hydroxylation to the aryl hydroxamic acid followed by enzymatic sulfonation to sulfoxyfluorenylacetamide. It is used to study the carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of aromatic amines.
  
• 2-Aminopurine [M0023189]
  A purine that is an isomer of ADENINE (6-aminopurine).
  
• 2-Bromoergocryptine Mesylate [M0002949]
  
• 2-Hydroxy-5-nitrobenzyl Bromide [M0023190]
  A chemical reagent that reacts with and modifies chemically the tryptophan portion of protein molecules. Used for 'active site' enzyme studies and other protein studies. Sometimes referred to as Koshland's reagent.
  
• 2-Hydroxyphenethylamine [M0023191]
  Simple amine found in the brain. It may be modulator of sympathetic functions. Its derivatives are adrenergic agonists and antagonists. It is also used in chemical industry.
  
• 2-Mercaptoethanesulfonate [M0023194]
  
• 2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid [M0013151]
  A powerful herbicide used as a selective weed killer.
  
• 2-Methylpyridine 2-Benzimidazole Sulfoxides [M0496553]
  
• 2-Naphthylamine [M0023197]
  A naphthalene derivative with carcinogenic action.
  
• 2-Propanol [M0029450]
  An isomer of 1-PROPANOL. It is a colorless liquid having disinfectant properties. It is used in the manufacture of acetone and its derivatives and as a solvent. Topically, it is used as an antiseptic.
  
• 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles [M0496552]
  Compounds that contain benzimidazole joined to a 2-methylpyridine via a sulfoxide linkage. Several of the compounds in this class are ANTI-ULCER AGENTS that act by inhibiting the POTASSIUM HYDROGEN ATPASE found in the PROTON PUMP of GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.
  
• 20-Methylcholanthrene [M0013622]
  
• 2589 R.B. [M0353997]
  
• 2H-Benzo(a)quinolizin-2-ol, 2-Ethyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-3-isobutyl-9,10-dime [M0019226]
  Proposed catecholamine depletor.
  
• 3'-Chloroacetophenone [M0363297]
  
• 3,3'-Diaminobenzidine [M0023226]
  
• 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine [M0023227]
  A material used in the manufacture of azo dyes that is toxic to skin and carcinogenic in several species.
  
• 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans [M0029556]
  A non-peptide, kappa-opioid receptor agonist which has also been found to stimulate the release of adrenocorticotropin (ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE) via the release of hypothalamic arginine vasopressin (ARGININE VASOPRESSIN) and CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE. (From J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1997;280(1):416-21)
  
• 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide Monohydr [M0329056]
  
• 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide Monometh [M0329051]
  
• 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide Monometh [M0329058]
  
• 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide Monometh [M0329050]
  
• 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (1R-cis [M0329053]
  
• 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (1S-cis [M0329052]
  
• 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans) [M0329057]
  
• 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans) [M0329055]
  
• 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid [M0023228]
  A deaminated metabolite of LEVODOPA.
  
• 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid, Monosodium Salt [M0331208]
  
• 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine [M0023232]
  An amphetamine derivative that inhibits uptake of catecholamine neurotransmitters. It is a hallucinogen. It is less toxic than its methylated derivative but in sufficient doses may still destroy serotonergic neurons and has been used for that purpose experimentally.
  
• 3-Hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan [M0012436]
  
• 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid [M0023218]
  An oxidation product of tryptophan metabolism. It may be a free radical scavenger and a carcinogen.
  
• 3-Hydroxybutyrate [M0029885]
  
• 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid [M0029884]
  BUTYRIC ACID substituted in the beta or 3 position. It is one of the ketone bodies produced in the liver and occurs at high levels in the blood and urine in KETOSIS. (From Dorland's, 28th ed)
  
• 3-Iodobenzylguanidine [M0029373]
  A guanidine analog with specific affinity for tissues of the sympathetic nervous system and related tumors. The radiolabeled forms are used as antineoplastic agents and radioactive imaging agents. (Merck Index, 12th ed) MIBG serves as a neuron-blocking agent which has a strong affinity for, and retention in, the adrenal medulla and also inhibits ADP-ribosyltransferase.
  
• 3-Iodobenzylguanidine, 123I Labeled [M0331309]
  
• 3-Iodobenzylguanidine, 125I Labeled [M0331308]
  
• 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid [M0023220]
  An inhibitor of glutamate decarboxylase. It decreases the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID concentration in the brain, thereby causing convulsions.
  
• 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethanol [M0023222]
  Metabolite of serotonin and norepinephrine.
  
• 3-Nitro-10 [M0352109]
  
• 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethy [M0002232]
  A dihydropyridine derivative, which, in contrast to NIFEDIPINE, functions as a calcium channel agonist. The compound facilitates Ca2+ influx through partially activated voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, thereby causing vasoconstrictor and positive inotropic effects. It is used primarily as a research tool.
  
• 33 A 74 [M0353761]
  
• 3MC [M0013623]
  
• 4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid [M0027010]
  An inhibitor of anion conductance including band 3-mediated anion transport.
  
• 4,5-Dihydro-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine [M0373905]
  A dual inhibitor of both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. It exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the formation of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The drug also enhances pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction and has a protective effect after myocardial ischemia.
  
• 4-(3-Butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone [M0019225]
  Inhibitor of phosphodiesterases.
  
• 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid [M0019908]
  A non-penetrating amino reagent (commonly called SITS) which acts as an inhibitor of anion transport in erythrocytes and other cells.
  
• 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid, Disodium Salt [M0329725]
  
• 4-Aminobenzoic Acid [M0015714]
  A member of the VITAMIN B COMPLEX. It used to be common in SUNSCREENING AGENTS until found to also be a sensitizer. The potassium salt is used therapeutically in fibrotic skin disorders.
  
• 4-Aminopyridine [M0024148]
  One of the POTASSIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS, with secondary effect on calcium currents, which is used mainly as a research tool and to characterize channel subtypes.
  
• 4-Aminopyridine Sustained Release [M0455963]
  
• 4-Butyrolactone [M0023238]
  One of the FURANS with a carbonyl thereby forming a cyclic lactone. It is an endogenous compound made from gamma-aminobutyrate and is the precursor of gamma-hydroxybutyrate. It is also used as a pharmacological agent and solvent.
  
• 4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan [M0014530]
  A benzofuran derivative used as a protein reagent since the terminal N-NBD-protein conjugate possesses interesting fluorescence and spectral properties. It has also been used as a covalent inhibitor of both beef heart mitochondrial ATPase and bacterial ATPase.
  
• 4-Chloromercuribenzenesulfonate [M0004172]
  A cytotoxic sulfhydryl reagent that inhibits several subcellular metabolic systems and is used as a tool in cellular physiology.
  
• 4-Epitetracycline [M0021214]
  
• 4-Hydroxyaminoquinoline-1-oxide [M0023239]
  A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a reduction product of 4-NITROQUINOLINE-1-OXIDE. It binds with nucleic acids and inactivates both bacteria and bacteriophage.
  
• 4-Hydroxybenzoic Acids [M0015857]
  
• 4-Hydroxycoumarins [M0023241]
  Substances found in many plants, containing the 4-hydroxycoumarin radical. They interfere with vitamin K and the blood clotting mechanism, are tightly protein-bound, inhibit mitochondrial and microsomal enzymes, and are used as oral anticoagulants.
  
• 4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide [M0023243]
  A potent mutagen and carcinogen. This compound and its metabolite 4-HYDROXYAMINOQUINOLINE-1-OXIDE bind to nucleic acids. It inactivates bacteria but not bacteriophage.
  
• 4-Quinolones [M0441453]
  QUINOLONES containing a 4-oxo (a carbonyl in the para position to the nitrogen). They inhibit the A subunit of DNA GYRASE and are used as antimicrobials. Second generation 4-quinoloines are also substituted with a 1-piperazinyl group at the 7-position and a fluorine at the 6-position.
  
• 4306-CB [M0372326]
  
• 5,5'-Dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic Acid) [M0006619]
  
• 5,5'-Dithiobis(nitrobenzoate) [M0006620]
  
• 5,6-Dihydroxytryptamine [M0023255]
  Tryptamine substituted with two hydroxyl groups in positions 5 and 6. It is a neurotoxic serotonin analog that destroys serotonergic neurons preferentially and is used in neuropharmacologic research.
  
• 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine [M0023256]
  Tryptamine substituted with two hydroxyl groups in positions 5 and 7. It is a neurotoxic serotonin analog that destroys serotonergic neurons preferentially and is used in neuropharmacology as a tool.
  
• 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine Creatine Sulfate [M0023257]
  
• 5-Amino-3-((5-nitro-2-furyl)vinyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole [M0352073]
  A nitrovinyl furan used as a schistosomicidal agent and proposed for trypanosomiasis, especially Chagas disease.
  
• 5-Formyltetrahydropteroylglutamate [M0004522]
  
• 5-Methoxytryptamine [M0013607]
  Serotonin derivative proposed as potentiator for hypnotics and sedatives.
  
• 53-32C [M0353428]
  
• 566C [M0173852]
  
• 566C80 [M0173853]
  
• 6-Aminonicotinamide [M0023261]
  A vitamin antagonist which has teratogenic effects.
  
• 6-Cyano-2,3-dihydroxy-7-nitroquinoxaline [M0329174]
  
• 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione [M0028085]
  A potent excitatory amino acid antagonist with a preference for non-NMDA iontropic receptors. It is used primarily as a research tool.
  
• 6029-M [M0352881]
  
• 6059-S [M0351098]
  
• 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide [M0023264]
  7,8,8a,9a-Tetrahydrobenzo(10,11)chryseno (3,4-b)oxirene-7,8-diol. A benzopyrene derivative with carcinogenic and mutagenic activity.
  
• 7-epi-Taxol [M0026155]
  
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin [M0026382]
  A serotonin 1A-receptor agonist that is used experimentally to test the effects of serotonin.
  
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin Hydrobromide [M0329197]
  
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin Hydrobromide, (+-)-Isomer [M0329203]
  
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin Hydrobromide, (R)-Isomer, [M0329198]
  
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin Hydrobromide, (S)-Isomer, [M0329199]
  
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin Hydrochloride, (R)-Isomer, [M0329195]
  
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin Hydrochloride, (S)-Isomer [M0329196]
  
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin, (+-)-Isomer [M0329200]
  
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin, (R)-Isomer [M0329201]
  
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin, (S)-Isomer [M0329202]
  
• 8-MOP [M0392719]
  
• 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene [M0023271]
  7,12-Dimethylbenzanthracene. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen.
  
• 99mTc-Dimercaptosuccinate [M0029350]
  
• A-23187 [M0353609]
  
• A-272 [M0352042]
  
• A-56268 [M0352016]
  
• A-Ba-C-50,005 [M0017538]
  
• Aarane [M0353583]
  
• AB-Piperacillin [M0474843]
  
• Abactal [M0353996]
  
• Abactrim [M0024004]
  
• Abbott 46811 [M0351070]
  
• Abbott-48999 [M0351051]
  
• Abbott-50192 [M0351048]
  
• Abrohexal [M0451771]
  
• Abscisic Acid [M0000061]
  Abscission-accelerating plant growth substance isolated from young cotton fruit, leaves of sycamore, birch, and other plants, and from potatoes, lemons, avocados, and other fruits.
  
• Abscisic Acid Monoammonium Salt, (R)-Isomer [M0330680]
  
• Abscisic Acid, (+,-)-Isomer [M0330738]
  
• Abscisic Acid, (E,E)-(+-)-Isomer [M0330679]
  
• Abscisic Acid, (E,Z)-(+,-)-Isomer [M0330678]
  
• Abscisic Acid, (R)-Isomer [M0330677]
  
• Abscisic Acid, (Z,E)-Isomer [M0330737]
  
• Absolok [M0373282]
  
• Absolute Alcohol [M0000654]
  
• ABT 538 [M0373924]
  
• Acamol [M0000117]
  
• Accurbron [M0353807]
  
• Accutane [M0023833]
  
• Acebutolol [M0000100]
  A cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist with little effect on the bronchial receptors. The drug has stabilizing and quinidine-like effects on cardiac rhythm as well as weak inherent sympathomimetic action.
  
• Acebutolol Heumann [M0431309]
  
• Acebutolol Hydrochloride [M0331293]
  
• Ac�butolol-ratiopharm [M0431312]
  
• Acecainide [M0000193]
  A major metabolite of PROCAINAMIDE. Its anti-arrhythmic action may cause cardiac toxicity in kidney failure.
  
• Acecainide Hydrochloride [M0000194]
  
• Acedapsone [M0000103]
  Acetylated sulfone that is slowly metabolized to give long-term, low blood levels of DAPSONE. It has antimicrobial and antimalarial action, but is mainly used as a depot leprostatic agent.
  
• Acemethadone [M0351996]
  
• Acenaphthenes [M0000104]
  Tricyclic ethylene-bridged naphthalene derivatives. They are found in petroleum residues and coal tar and used as dye intermediates, in the manufacture of plastics, and in insecticides and fungicides.
  
• Acenocoumarol [M0000105]
  A coumarin that is used as an anticoagulant. Its actions and uses are similar to those of WARFARIN. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p233)
  
• Acephen [M0418290]
  
• Acepromazine [M0000107]
  A phenothiazine that is used in the treatment of PSYCHOSES.
  
• Acepromazine Maleate [M0330684]
  
• Acetaco [M0000114]
  
• Acetadiazol [M0431655]
  
• Acetaldehyde [M0000111]
  A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of acetic acid, perfumes, and flavors. It is also an intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol. It has a general narcotic action and also causes irritation of mucous membranes. Large doses may cause death from respiratory paralysis.
  
• Acetals [M0000112]
  
• Acetamides [M0000113]
  Derivatives of acetamide that are used as solvents, as mild irritants, and in organic synthesis.
  
• Acetaminophen [M0000115]
  Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.
  
• Acetanilides [M0000123]
  Compounds based on N-phenylacetamide, that are similar in structure to 2-PHENYLACETAMIDES. They are precursors of many other compounds. They were formerly used as ANALGESICS and ANTIPYRETICS, but often caused lethal METHEMOGLOBINEMIA.
  
• Acetates [M0000125]
  Salts or esters of acetic acid in which the terminal hydrogen atom is replaced by a metal, for instance copper acetate Cu(CH3COO)2, or where substitution is by a radical, for instance ethyl acetate CH3COOC2H5. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed)
  
• Acetazolam [M0431657]
  
• Acetazolamide [M0000127]
  One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)
  
• Acetazolamide Sodium, (Sterile) [M0000128]
  
• Acetazolamide, Monosodium Salt [M0330686]
  
• Acetic Acid [M0028791]
  Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed)
  
• Acetic Acid Esters [M0000126]
  
• Acetic Acids [M0000132]
  Acetic acid and its derivatives which may be formed by substitution reactions. Mono- and di-substituted, as well as halogenated compounds have been synthesized.
  
• Acetic Anhydrides [M0000133]
  Compounds used extensively as acetylation, oxidation and dehydrating agents and in the modification of proteins and enzymes.
  
• Acetilcolina Cusi [M0431673]
  
• Acetoacetates [M0000134]
  Salts and derivatives of acetoacetic acid.
  
• Acetohexamide [M0000136]
  A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent that is metabolized in the liver to 1-hydrohexamide.
  
• Acetone [M0000142]
  A colorless liquid used as a solvent and an antiseptic. It is one of the ketone bodies produced during ketoacidosis.
  
• Acetone Bodies [M0011992]
  
• Acetonitriles [M0000143]
  Compounds in which a methyl group is attached to the cyano moiety.
  
• Acetophenones [M0000144]
  
• Acetopt [M0475852]
  
• Acetoxyacetylaminofluorene [M0000145]
  An alkylating agent that forms DNA ADDUCTS at the C-8 position in GUANINE, resulting in single strand breaks. It has demonstrated carcinogenic action.
  
• Acetrizoate Sodium [M0000152]
  
• Acetrizoic Acid [M0000146]
  An iodinated radiographic contrast medium used as acetrizoate sodium in HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAPHY.
  
• Acetyl-beta-methylcholine [M0024754]
  
• Acetyl-L-Carnitine [M0000163]
  
• Acetylaminofluorene [M0023187]
  
• Acetylcarnitine [M0000161]
  An acetic acid ester of CARNITINE that facilitates movement of ACETYL COA into the matrices of mammalian MITOCHONDRIA during the oxidation of FATTY ACIDS.
  
• Acetylcarnitine, (R)-Isomer [M0330692]
  
• Acetylcholine [M0000165]
  A neurotransmitter. Acetylcholine in vertebrates is the major transmitter at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector junctions, and at many sites in the central nervous system. It is generally not used as an administered drug because it is broken down very rapidly by cholinesterases, but it is useful in some ophthalmological applications.
  
• Acetylcholine Bromide [M0049582]
  
• Acetylcholine Chloride [M0049840]
  
• Acetylcholine Fluoride [M0330698]
  
• Acetylcholine Hydroxide [M0330695]
  
• Acetylcholine Iodide [M0330693]
  
• Acetylcholine L-Tartrate [M0330700]
  
• Acetylcholine Perchlorate [M0330701]
  
• Acetylcholine Picrate (1:1) [M0330699]
  
• Acetylcholine Sulfate (1:1) [M0330694]
  
• Acetylene [M0000186]
  
• Acetylthiocholine [M0000196]
  An agent used as a substrate in assays for cholinesterases, especially to discriminate among enzyme types.
  
• Acetysal [M0001870]
  
• Achromycin [M0350841]
  
• Achromycin V [M0021218]
  
• Acids, Acyclic [M0000221]
  Carboxylic acids that have open-chain molecular structures as opposed to ring-shaped structures.
  
• Acids, Aldehydic [M0000222]
  Dicarboxylic acids in which one of the carboxyl groups (-COOH) has been replaced by an aldehyde group (-CHO).
  
• Acids, Carbocyclic [M0000223]
  Carboxylic acids that have a homocyclic ring structure in which all the ring atoms are carbon.
  
• Acids, Heterocyclic [M0000224]
  A class of acids containing a ring structure in which at least one atom other than CARBON is incorporated.
  
• Acifugan [M0353575]
  
• Acitretin [M0026177]
  An oral retinoid effective in the treatment of psoriasis. It is the major metabolite of ETRETINATE with the advantage of a much shorter half-life when compared with etretinate.
  
• Acitretin, (Z,E,E,E)-Isomer [M0329348]
  
• Aclacin [M0431771]
  
• Aclaplastin [M0431772]
  
• Aclarubicin [M0023487]
  An anthracycline produced by Streptomyces galilaeus. It has potent antineoplastic activity.
  
• Aclin [M0476023]
  
• Aconitic Acid [M0000235]
  
• Aconitine [M0000236]
  A C19 norditerpenoid alkaloid (DITERPENES) from the root of ACONITUM plants. It activates voltage-gated SODIUM CHANNELS. It has been used to induce ARRHYTHMIA in experimental animals and it has antiinflammatory and antineuralgic properties.
  
• Acrichine [M0018331]
  
• Acrichine Yperite [M0351955]
  
• Acridine Orange [M0000247]
  A cationic cytochemical stain specific for cell nuclei, especially DNA. It is used as a supravital stain and in fluorescence cytochemistry. It may cause mutations in microorganisms.
  
• Acridines [M0000249]
  
• Acriflavine [M0000250]
  3,6-Diamino-10-methylacridinium chloride mixt. with 3,6-acridinediamine. Fluorescent dye used as a local antiseptic and also as a biological stain. It intercalates into nucleic acids thereby inhibiting bacterial and viral replication.
  
• Acriflavine Dihydrochloride [M0330709]
  
• Acriflavine Trichydrochloride [M0330710]
  
• Acrolactine [M0007805]
  
• Acrolein [M0000260]
  
• Acron [M0353336]
  
• Acronine [M0000264]
  A pyrano-acridone alkaloid found in RUTACEAE plants.
  
• Acrylamide [M0029842]
  A colorless, odorless, highly water soluble vinyl monomer formed from the hydration of acrylonitrile. It is primarily used in research laboratories for electrophoresis, chromatography, and electron microscopy and in the sewage and wastewater treatment industries.
  
• Acrylamides [M0000268]
  Colorless, odorless crystals that are used extensively in research laboratories for the preparation of polyacrylamide gels for electrophoresis and in organic synthesis, and polymerization. Some of its polymers are used in sewage and wastewater treatment, permanent press fabrics, and as soil conditioning agents.
  
• Acrylates [M0000269]
  
• Acrylic Bone Cement [M0029563]
  
• Acrylonitrile [M0000271]
  A highly poisonous compound used widely in the manufacture of plastics, adhesives and synthetic rubber.
  
• Actidil [M0022016]
  
• Actidione [M0372337]
  
• Actihaemyl [M0000273]
  An extract from calf blood containing inorganic salts, amino acids, polypeptides and purines, but no proteins nor antigenic substances or blood group characteristics. Its exact composition is unknown. It has been proposed as a radiation-protective agent.
  
• Actimoxi [M0454524]
  
• Actinex [M0352311]
  
• Acular [M0333554]
  
• Acupan [M0014550]
  
• Acylpyrin [M0001871]
  
• Adalat [M0014849]
  
• Adamantane [M0000336]
  A tricyclo bridged hydrocarbon.
  
• Adancor [M0463082]
  
• Adaptic [M0329216]
  Trade name for Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate Homopolymer
  
• Adaquin [M0474990]
  
• Adebit [M0350939]
  
• Adekin [M0432249]
  
• Adipex-P [M0016533]
  
• Adipic Acids [M0000424]
  A group of dicarboxylic acids that are structurally related to hexanedioic acid (adipic acid). (From Stedman, 25th ed)
  
• Admon [M0463280]
  
• ADR-529 [M0363547]
  
• Adrenaline Bitartrate [M0362233]
  
• Adrenaline Hydrochloride [M0007582]
  
• Adrenam [M0477834]
  
• Adrenochrome [M0000498]
  Pigment obtained by the oxidation of epinephrine.
  
• Adriablastine [M0006788]
  
• Adriamycin [M0006785]
  
• Adrimedac [M0479790]
  
• Adumbran [M0353487]
  
• Advantage-S [M0418447]
  A spermicidal contraceptive vaginal gel that contains nonoxynol-9 (N-9), available without prescription
  
• Aequamen [M0002429]
  
• Aerolate [M0353810]
  
• Aerosol OT [M0006485]
  
• AF-1161 [M0361359]
  
• AF-2 [M0352065]
  
• Afalon [M0352405]
  
• Afazol Grin [M0462892]
  
• Aflatoxin B [M0025322]
  
• Aflatoxin B1 [M0025321]
  A potent hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic mycotoxin produced by the Aspergillus flavus group of fungi. It is also mutagenic, teratogenic, and causes immunosuppression in animals. It is found as a contaminant in peanuts, cottonseed meal, corn, and other grains. The mycotoxin requires epoxidation to aflatoxin B1 2,3-oxide for activation. Microsomal monooxygenases biotransform the toxin to the less toxic metabolites aflatoxin M1 and Q1.
  
• Aflatoxin B1 Dihydrochloride, (6aR-cis)-Isomer [M0331347]
  
• Aflatoxin B1, (6aR-cis)-Isomer, 14C-Labeled [M0331344]
  
• Aflatoxin B1, (6aR-cis)-Isomer, 2H-Labeled [M0331345]
  
• Aflatoxin B1, (6aR-cis)-Isomer, 3H-Labeled [M0331346]
  
• Aflatoxin B1, cis(+,-)-Isomer [M0331343]
  
• Aflatoxin M [M0025325]
  
• Aflatoxin M1 [M0025324]
  A 4-hydroxylated metabolite of AFLATOXIN B1, one of the MYCOTOXINS from ASPERGILLUS tainted food. It is associated with LIVER damage and cancer resulting from its P450 activation to the epoxide which alkylates DNA. Toxicity depends on the balance of liver enzymes that activate it (CYTOCHROME P-450) and others that detoxify it (GLUTATHIONE S TRANSFERASE) (Pharmac Ther 50.443 1991). Primates & rat are sensitive while mouse and hamster are tolerant (Canc Res 29.236 1969).
  
• Aflatoxin M1, cis(+-)-Isomer [M0331348]
  
• Aflatoxins [M0000533]
  Furano-furano-benzopyrans that are produced by ASPERGILLUS from STERIGMATOCYSTIN. They are structurally related to COUMARINS and easily oxidized to an epoxide form to become ALKYLATING AGENTS. Members of the group include AFLATOXIN B1; aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, aflatoxin G2; AFLATOXIN M1; and aflatoxin M2.
  
• Afonilum [M0432651]
  
• Afonilum Retard [M0353811]
  
• Aftate [M0476658]
  
• Afungil [M0004209]
  
• AG 1343 [M0353763]
  
• Agapurin [M0016200]
  
• Agaroletten [M0477363]
  
• Agmatine [M0000576]
  Decarboxylated arginine, isolated from several plant and animal sources, e.g., pollen, ergot, herring sperm, octopus muscle.
  
• Agon [M0478122]
  
• Agostilben [M0006358]
  
• Agroxone [M0351751]
  
• Agyrax [M0473868]
  
• AH-19065 [M0353201]
  
• AH-5158 [M0012102]
  
• AHR-1911 [M0352392]
  
• Aiglonyl [M0475975]
  
• Aimax [M0352395]
  
• Ajan [M0369471]
  
• Ajmaline [M0000613]
  An alkaloid found in the root of Rauwolfia serpentina, among other plant sources. It is a class Ia antiarrhythmic agent that apparently acts by changing the shape and threshold of cardiac action potentials.
  
• AK-Con [M0462894]
  
• AK-Sulf [M0475853]
  
• Ak-Zol [M0431659]
  
• Akamin [M0474853]
  
• AKBeta [M0463365]
  
• Akineton [M0002569]
  
• Akne-Puren [M0474854]
  
• Aknemin [M0474855]
  
• Aknin-Mino [M0474856]
  
• Aknosan [M0474857]
  
• Alavert [M0446775]
  
• Albalon [M0462893]
  
• Albendazole [M0024161]
  A benzimidazole broad-spectrum anthelmintic structurally related to MEBENDAZOLE that is effective against many diseases. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p38)
  
• Albendazole Monohydrochloride [M0331350]
  
• Albendoral [M0431880]
  
• Albetol [M0012101]
  
• Albucid [M0020738]
  
• Albuterol [M0000631]
  A racemic mixture with a 1:1 ratio of the r-isomer, levalbuterol, and s-albuterol. It is a short-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist with its main clinical use in ASTHMA.
  
• Albuterol Sulfate [M0000633]
  
• Alcar [M0000164]
  
• Alcian Blue [M0000640]
  A copper-containing dye used as a gelling agent for lubricants, for staining of bacteria and for the dyeing of histiocytes and fibroblasts in vivo.
  
• Alcohols [M0000663]
  Alkyl compounds containing a hydroxyl group. They are classified according to relation of the carbon atom: primary alcohols, R-CH2OH; secondary alcohols, R2-CHOH; tertiary alcohols, R3-COH. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
  
• Alcophobin [M0006602]
  
• Alcuronium [M0000669]
  A non-depolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant similar to TUBOCURARINE. It is used as an anesthesia adjuvant.
  
• Alcuronium Chloride [M0330741]
  
• Aldehydes [M0000679]
  Organic compounds containing a carbonyl group in the form -CHO.
  
• Aldicarb [M0000680]
  Carbamate derivative used as an insecticide, acaricide, and nematocide.
  
• Aldizem [M0353524]
  
• Aldocumar [M0476572]
  
• Aldoximes [M0431070]
  Oximes derived from ALDEHYDES.
  
• Aldrin [M0000688]
  A highly poisonous substance that was formerly used as an insecticide. The manufacture and use has been discontinued in the U.S. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Alerlisin [M0477944]
  
• Alermizol [M0434733]
  
• Aleve [M0360811]
  
• Alfacid [M0475036]
  
• Alfamedin [M0485271]
  
• Alfenta [M0024146]
  
• Alfentanil [M0024147]
  A short-acting opioid anesthetic and analgesic derivative of FENTANYL. It produces an early peak analgesic effect and fast recovery of consciousness. Alfentanil is effective as an anesthetic during surgery, for supplementation of analgesia during surgical procedures, and as an analgesic for critically ill patients.
  
• Alfentanil Hydrochloride [M0329444]
  
• Algopyrin [M0372398]
  
• Algotropyl [M0000116]
  
• Alkadienes [M0000709]
  Acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having two carbon-carbon double bonds.
  
• Alkaline Hematin D-575 [M0010074]
  
• Alkaloids [M0000713]
  Organic nitrogenous bases. Many alkaloids of medical importance occur in the animal and vegetable kingdoms, and some have been synthesized. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
  
• Alkanes [M0000716]
  The generic name for the group of aliphatic hydrocarbons Cn-H2n+2. They are denoted by the suffix -ane. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
  
• Alkanesulfonates [M0000720]
  Organic esters or salts of sulfonic acid derivatives containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical.
  
• Alkanesulfonic Acids [M0026805]
  Sulfonic acid derivatives that are substituted with an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.
  
• Alkenes [M0000718]
  Unsaturated hydrocarbons of the type Cn-H2n, indicated by the suffix -ene. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p408)
  
• Alkyl Glyceryl Ethers [M0009423]
  
• Alkyldimethylbenzylammonium Chloride [M0002326]
  
• Alkylmercury Compounds [M0000723]
  Organic mercury compounds in which the mercury is attached to an alkyl group.
  
• Alkynes [M0000724]
  Hydrocarbons with at least one triple bond in the linear portion, of the general formula Cn-H2n-2.
  
• All Clear [M0462942]
  
• Allantoin [M0000725]
  A urea hydantoin that is found in URINE and PLANTS and is used in dermatological preparations.
  
• Aller-Chlor [M0478189]
  
• Allerdryl [M0369592]
  
• Allergipuran [M0465107]
  
• Allethrin [M0000732]
  Synthetic analogs of the naturally occurring insecticides cinerin, jasmolin, and pyrethrin. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Alloferin [M0351185]
  
• Allohexal [M0451762]
  
• Allomelanins [M0472973]
  Melanins of the plant kingdom.
  
• Alloprin [M0451763]
  
• Allopurin [M0451764]
  
• Allopurinol [M0000745]
  A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.
  
• Allorin [M0451781]
  
• Allpargin [M0451782]
  
• Allural [M0451797]
  
• Allyl Compounds [M0000750]
  
• Allylamine [M0000751]
  Possesses an unusual and selective cytotoxicity for vascular smooth muscle cells in dogs and rats. Useful for experiments dealing with arterial injury, myocardial fibrosis or cardiac decompensation.
  
• Allylisopropylacetamide [M0000754]
  An allylic compound that acts as a suicide inactivator of CYTOCHROME P450 by covalently binding to its heme moiety or surrounding protein.
  
• Almirid [M0485092]
  
• Almitrine [M0024158]
  A respiratory stimulant that enhances respiration by acting as an agonist of peripheral chemoreceptors located on the carotid bodies. The drug increases arterial oxygen tension while decreasing arterial carbon dioxide tension in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It may also prove useful in the treatment of nocturnal oxygen desaturation without impairing the quality of sleep.
  
• Almitrine Dimesylate [M0329453]
  
• Almitrine Monomesylate [M0329452]
  
• ALO-1401-02 [M0333058]
  
• Alocril [M0476699]
  
• Alodorm [M0476754]
  
• Aloe Emodin [M0007303]
  
• Alophen Brand of Bisacodyl [M0477364]
  
• Alotec [M0373119]
  
• Aloxiprimum [M0001863]
  
• alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid [M0027584]
  An IBOTENIC ACID homolog and glutamate agonist. The compound is the defining agonist for the AMPA subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, AMPA). It has been used as a radionuclide imaging agent but is more commonly used as an experimental tool in cell biological studies.
  
• alpha-Aminotoluene [M0002391]
  
• alpha-Chlorohydrin [M0000786]
  A chlorinated propanediol compound that has shown anti-fertility activity in males and has been used as a chemosterilant in rodents.
  
• alpha-Endosulfan [M0007427]
  
• Alphaprodine [M0000798]
  An opioid analgesic chemically related to and with an action resembling that of MEPERIDINE, but more rapid in onset and of shorter duration. It has been used in obstetrics, as pre-operative medication, for minor surgical procedures, and for dental procedures. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1067)
  
• Alphaprodine Hydrochloride [M0330746]
  
• Alpheprol [M0000808]
  
• Alprazolam [M0000806]
  A triazolobenzodiazepine compound with antianxiety and sedative-hypnotic actions, that is efficacious in the treatment of PANIC DISORDERS, with or without AGORAPHOBIA, and in generalized ANXIETY DISORDERS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p238)
  
• Alprenolol [M0000809]
  One of the ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS used as an antihypertensive, anti-anginal, and anti-arrhythmic agent.
  
• Alprenolol Hydrochloride [M0000810]
  
• Alprox [M0432029]
  
• Alrheumat [M0352656]
  
• Alrheumum [M0011997]
  
• Alseroxylon [M0018532]
  An alkaloidal extract from RAUWOLFIA.
  
• Altodor [M0351831]
  
• Altosid [M0351551]
  
• Altosid PS-10 [M0351550]
  
• Altramet [M0004480]
  
• Altretamine [M0010310]
  An alkylating agent proposed as an antineoplastic. It also acts as a chemosterilant for male houseflies and other insects.
  
• Alumino-4-Aminosalicylic Acid [M0015720]
  
• Aluminum Nitrilotriacetate [M0014879]
  
• Aluminum Oxalate [M0015624]
  
• Alupent [M0015387]
  
• Alvit-55 [M0351866]
  
• Alyrane [M0485305]
  
• AM-0715 [M0353993]
  
• AM-833 [M0353991]
  
• Aman [M0432309]
  
• Amanta [M0432289]
  
• Amanta-HCI-AZU [M0432290]
  
• Amanta-Sulfate-AZU [M0432314]
  
• Amantadin AL [M0432310]
  
• Amantadin Stada [M0432291]
  
• Amantadin-neuraxpharm [M0432311]
  
• Amantadin-ratiopharm [M0432292]
  
• Amantadina Juventus [M0432293]
  
• Amantadina Llorente [M0432294]
  
• Amantadine [M0000847]
  An antiviral that is used in the prophylactic or symptomatic treatment of influenza A. It is also used as an antiparkinsonian agent, to treat extrapyramidal reactions, and for postherpetic neuralgia. The mechanisms of its effects in movement disorders are not well understood but probably reflect an increase in synthesis and release of dopamine, with perhaps some inhibition of dopamine uptake.
  
• Amantadine Hydrochloride [M0330750]
  
• Amantadine Sulfate [M0000848]
  
• Amaranth Dye [M0000852]
  A sulfonic acid-based naphthylazo dye used as a coloring agent for foodstuffs and medicines and as a dye and chemical indicator. It was banned by the FDA in 1976 for use in foods, drugs, and cosmetics. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids [M0456568]
  Alkaloids derived from TYRAMINE combined with 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde via a norbelladine pathway, including GALANTAMINE, lycorine and crinine. They are found in the Amaryllidaceae (LILIACEAE) plant family.
  
• Ambathizon [M0352347]
  
• Ambenonium Chloride [M0000853]
  A quaternary ammonium compound that is an inhibitor of cholinesterase activity with actions similar to those of NEOSTIGMINE, but of longer duration. Ambenonium is given by mouth in the treatment of myasthenia gravis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1112)
  
• Amber [M0027940]
  A yellowish fossil resin, the gum of several species of coniferous trees, found in the alluvial deposits of northeastern Germany. It is used in molecular biology in the analysis of organic matter fossilized in amber.
  
• Ambilar [M0353324]
  
• Amboclorin [M0372324]
  
• Ambril [M0451772]
  
• Ambro-Puren [M0451968]
  
• Ambrobeta [M0451969]
  
• Ambrofur [M0451970]
  
• Ambrolitic [M0451971]
  
• AMBROPP [M0451972]
  
• Ambroten [M0451770]
  
• Ambroxin [M0451978]
  
• Ambroxol [M0000855]
  A metabolite of BROMHEXINE that stimulates mucociliary action and clears the air passages in the respiratory tract. It is usually administered as the hydrochloride.
  
• Ambush [M0056346]
  
• Amchafibrin [M0476861]
  
• Amcill [M0353701]
  
• Amdinocillin [M0000876]
  Amidinopenicillanic acid derivative with broad spectrum antibacterial action. It is poorly absorbed if given orally and is used in urinary infections and typhus.
  
• Amdinocillin Pivoxil [M0000877]
  Pivaloyloxymethyl ester of amdinocillin that is well absorbed orally, but broken down to amdinocillin in the intestinal mucosa. It is active against gram-negative organisms and used as for amdinocillin.
  
• Americaine [M0351623]
  
• Ametycine [M0353144]
  
• Amidal [M0432514]
  
• Amides [M0000897]
  Organic compounds containing the -CO-NH2 radical. Amides are derived from acids by replacement of -OH by -NH2 or from ammonia by the replacement of H by an acyl group. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
  
• Amidines [M0000898]
  
• Amido Black [M0000900]
  A dye used to stain proteins in electrophoretic techniques. It is used interchangeably with its acid form.
  
• Amido Black, Dilithium salt [M0330754]
  
• Amido Black, Sodium salt [M0330753]
  
• Amidolacetate [M0351995]
  
• Amidonal [M0434049]
  
• Amidone [M0013545]
  
• Amidotricoic Acid [M0006227]
  
• Amidotrizoic Acid [M0006223]
  
• Amiduret Trom [M0432515]
  
• AMIF-72 [M0003103]
  
• Amiloberag [M0432516]
  
• Amiloride [M0000906]
  A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705)
  
• Amiloride Hydrochloride [M0330756]
  
• Amiloride Hydrochloride, Anhydrous [M0330757]
  
• Aminacrine [M0000909]
  A highly fluorescent anti-infective dye used clinically as a topical antiseptic and experimentally as a mutagen, due to its interaction with DNA. It is also used as an intracellular pH indicator.
  
• Aminacrine Hydrochloride [M0000910]
  
• Aminazine [M0418365]
  
• Amines [M0000913]
  A group of compounds derived from ammonia by substituting organic radicals for the hydrogens. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
  
• Amineurin [M0433234]
  
• Amino Alcohols [M0000931]
  Compounds possessing both a hydroxyl (-OH) and an amino group (-NH2).
  
• Aminoacetonitrile [M0000933]
  Cyanomethylamine.
  
• Aminoacridines [M0000935]
  Acridines which are substituted in any position by one or more amino groups or substituted amino groups.
  
• Aminobenzoic Acids [M0000936]
  BENZOIC ACID substituted with an amino group. They can either be mono-, di-, or tri- substituted. Para-aminobenzoic acid (see 4-AMINOBENZOIC ACID) is considered a member of the vitamin b complex.
  
• Aminobiphenyl Compounds [M0000938]
  Biphenyl compounds substituted in any position by one or more amino groups. Permitted are any substituents except fused rings.
  
• Aminocoumarins [M0471140]
  COUMARINS with an amino group, exemplified by NOVOBIOCIN.
  
• Aminodur [M0432652]
  
• Aminoform [M0351276]
  
• Aminoglutethimide [M0000944]
  An aromatase inhibitor that produces a state of "medical" adrenalectomy by blocking the production of adrenal steroids. It also blocks the conversion of androgens to estrogens. Aminoglutethimide has been used in the treatment of advanced breast and prostate cancer. It was formerly used for its weak anticonvulsant properties. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p454)
  
• Aminohippurate Sodium [M0432631]
  
• Aminohippuric Acids [M0000947]
  A group of glycine amides of aminobenzoic acids.
  
• Aminoimidazole Carboxamide [M0000949]
  An imidazole derivative which is a metabolite of the antineoplastic agents BIC and DIC. By itself, or as the ribonucleotide, it is used as a condensation agent in the preparation of nucleosides and nucleotides. Compounded with orotic acid, it is used to treat liver diseases.
  
• Aminooxyacetate [M0000956]
  
• Aminooxyacetic Acid [M0000955]
  A compound that inhibits aminobutyrate aminotransferase activity in vivo, thereby raising the level of gamma-aminobutyric acid in tissues.
  
• Aminophenols [M0000958]
  Phenols substituted in any position by an amino group.
  
• Aminophyllin [M0432653]
  
• Aminophylline [M0000959]
  A drug combination that contains THEOPHYLLINE and ethylenediamine. It is more soluble in water than theophylline but has similar pharmacologic actions. It's most common use is in bronchial asthma, but it has been investigated for several other applications.
  
• Aminophylline DF [M0432654]
  
• Aminopropionitrile [M0000960]
  3-Aminopropanenitrile. Reagent used as an intermediate in the manufacture of beta-alanine and pantothenic acid.
  
• Aminopt [M0432519]
  
• Aminopterin [M0000962]
  A folic acid derivative used as a rodenticide that has been shown to be teratogenic.
  
• Aminopterin Sodium [M0331223]
  
• Aminopterin, Disodium Salt [M0331224]
  
• Aminopyridines [M0000964]
  Pyridines substituted in any position with an amino group. May be hydrogenated, but must retain at least one double bond.
  
• Aminopyrine [M0000965]
  A pyrazolone with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties but has risk of AGRANULOCYTOSIS. A breath test with 13C-labeled aminopyrine has been used as a non-invasive measure of CYTOCHROME P-450 metabolic activity in LIVER FUNCTION TESTS.
  
• Aminoquinolines [M0000967]
  Quinolines substituted in any position by one or more amino groups.
  
• Aminorex [M0000968]
  An amphetamine-like anorectic agent. It may cause pulmonary hypertension.
  
• Aminosalicylic Acid [M0000970]
  
• Aminosalicylic Acids [M0000971]
  A group of 2-hydroxybenzoic acids that can be substituted by amino groups at any of the 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-positions.
  
• Aminotoluene [M0021642]
  
• Amiobeta [M0433209]
  
• Amiodarona [M0433211]
  
• Amiodarone [M0000973]
  An antianginal and antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting Na,K-activated myocardial adenosine triphosphatase. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance.
  
• Amiohexal [M0433212]
  
• Amipak [M0351943]
  
• Amitrip [M0433236]
  
• Amitriptylin beta [M0433251]
  
• Amitriptylin Desitin [M0433289]
  
• Amitriptylin RPh [M0433290]
  
• Amitriptylin-neuraxpharm [M0433291]
  
• Amitriptyline [M0000975]
  Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antagonize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines.
  
• Amitriptyline Hydrochloride [M0330766]
  
• Amitrol [M0433237]
  
• Amitrole [M0000980]
  A non-selective post-emergence, translocated herbicide. According to the Seventh Annual Report on Carcinogens (PB95-109781, 1994) this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (From Merck Index, 12th ed) It is an irreversible inhibitor of CATALASE, and thus impairs activity of peroxisomes.
  
• Amixx [M0432296]
  
• Amizepine [M0354003]
  
• Amizyl [M0002302]
  
• Amlodipine [M0026284]
  A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension.
  
• Amlodipine Besylate [M0373070]
  
• Amlodipine Maleate [M0329296]
  
• Amlodipine, (+-)-Isomer [M0329292]
  
• Amlodipine, (+-)-Isomer, Maleate (1:1) [M0329294]
  
• Amlodipine, (R)-Isomer [M0329293]
  
• Amlodipine, (S)-Isomer, Maleate (1:1) [M0329295]
  
• Ammonium Acid Urate [M0022337]
  
• Ammonium Aurintricarboxylate [M0330823]
  
• Ammonium Oxalate [M0329886]
  
• Ammonium Succinate [M0029381]
  
• Amobarbital [M0001000]
  A barbiturate with hypnotic and sedative properties (but not antianxiety). Adverse effects are mainly a consequence of dose-related CNS depression and the risk of dependence with continued use is high. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p565)
  
• Amobarbital Sodium [M0330770]
  
• Amodiaquine [M0001005]
  A 4-aminoquinoquinoline compound with anti-inflammatory properties.
  
• Amodiaquine Hydrochloride [M0496322]
  
• Amoxapine [M0001008]
  The N-demethylated derivative of the antipsychotic agent LOXAPINE that works by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine, serotonin, or both. It also blocks dopamine receptors.
  
• Amoxicillin [M0001009]
  A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.
  
• Amoxicillin monopotassium salt [M0330773]
  
• Amoxicillin monosodium salt [M0330772]
  
• Amoxicillin trihydrate [M0330774]
  
• Amoxicillin, (R*)-isomer [M0330771]
  
• Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination [M0029678]
  A fixed-ratio combination of amoxicillin trihydrate (see AMOXICILLIN), an aminopenicillin, and potassium clavulanate (see CLAVULANIC ACID), a beta-lactamase inhibitor, used to treat a broad-spectrum of bacterial infections, especially resistant strains.
  
• Amoxil [M0001010]
  
• AMPA, (+-)-Isomer [M0329158]
  
• AMPA, (R)-Isomer [M0329160]
  
• AMPA, (R)-Isomer, Monohydrobromide [M0329161]
  
• AMPA, (S)-Isomer [M0329159]
  
• AMPA, (S)-Isomer, Monohydrobromide [M0329162]
  
• Amphetamine [M0001012]
  A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.
  
• Amphetamine Sulfate [M0331305]
  
• Amphetamines [M0001015]
  Analogs or derivatives of AMPHETAMINE. Many are sympathomimetics and central nervous system stimulators causing excitation, vasopressin, bronchodilation, and to varying degrees, anorexia, analepsis, nasal decongestion, and some smooth muscle relaxation.
  
• Amphocil [M0352005]
  
• Amphotericin B [M0001021]
  Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.
  
• Amphotericin B Cholesterol Dispersion [M0001023]
  
• Amphotericin B Colloidal Dispersion [M0001024]
  
• Ampicillin [M0001025]
  Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.
  
• Ampicillin Sodium [M0330775]
  
• Ampicillin Trihydrate [M0330776]
  
• Amprol [M0001032]
  
• Amprolium [M0001031]
  Veterinary coccidiostat that interferes with thiamine metabolism. It may cause thiamine deficiency.
  
• Ampyrone [M0001037]
  A metabolite of AMINOPYRINE with analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. It is used as a reagent for biochemical reactions producing peroxides or phenols. Ampyrone stimulates LIVER MICROSOMES and is also used to measure extracellular water.
  
• Amrinone [M0001038]
  A positive inotropic cardiotonic (CARDIOTONIC AGENTS) with vasodilator properties, phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity, and the ability to stimulate calcium ion influx into the cardiac cell.
  
• Amsacrine [M0001039]
  Aminoacridine derivative that is a potent intercalating antineoplastic agent. It is effective in the treatment of acute leukemias and malignant lymphomas, but has poor activity in the treatment of solid tumors. It is frequently used in combination with other antineoplastic agents in chemotherapy protocols. It produces consistent but acceptable myelosuppression and cardiotoxic effects.
  
• Amsal [M0433369]
  
• Amsidine [M0001042]
  
• Amsidyl [M0372296]
  
• Amuno [M0353728]
  
• Amyl Nitrite [M0001045]
  A vasodilator that is administered by inhalation. It is also used recreationally due to its supposed ability to induce euphoria and act as an aphrodisiac.
  
• Amylbarb sodium [M0433370]
  
• Amylobeta [M0433371]
  
• Amytal [M0001003]
  
• Amytal Sodium [M0001004]
  
• AN-448 [M0353736]
  
• Anabactyl [M0003340]
  
• Anabasine [M0001058]
  A piperidine botanical insecticide.
  
• Anacardic Acids [M0462256]
  A group of 6-alkyl SALICYLIC ACIDS that are found in ANACARDIUM and known for causing CONTACT DERMATITIS.
  
• Anacin-3 [M0000118]
  
• Anaesthesin [M0351622]
  
• Anafranil [M0004597]
  
• Analergine [M0001291]
  
• Analgin [M0390943]
  
• Anaprilin [M0350583]
  
• Anaprox [M0014468]
  
• Anapsique [M0433238]
  
• Anaspaz [M0001930]
  
• Ancef [M0003719]
  
• Ancitabine [M0005461]
  Congener of CYTARABINE that is metabolized to cytarabine and thereby maintains a more constant antineoplastic action.
  
• Andiamine [M0010323]
  
• Anecotan [M0351784]
  
• Anectine [M0351531]
  
• Anethole Trithione [M0001171]
  Choleretic used to allay dry mouth and constipation due to tranquilizers.
  
• Angifonil [M0478046]
  
• Anginin [M0352574]
  
• Anginine [M0009431]
  
• Angio-Conray [M0011689]
  
• Angiografin [M0350710]
  
• Angionorm [M0485097]
  
• Angioxine [M0352573]
  
• Anhydrides [M0001213]
  Chemical compounds derived from acids by the elimination of a molecule of water.
  
• Anhydrous Tacrolimus [M0329463]
  
• Anhydrous Zinc Acetate [M0331306]
  
• Anilides [M0001214]
  
• Aniline Compounds [M0001215]
  
• Aniline Mustard [M0001217]
  Alkylating anti-neoplastic agent.
  
• Anilino Naphthalenesulfonates [M0001218]
  A class of organic compounds which contain an anilino (phenylamino) group linked to a salt or ester of naphthalenesulfonic acid. They are frequently used as fluorescent dyes and sulfhydryl reagents.
  
• Anisoles [M0001250]
  A group of compounds that are structurally related to methoxybenzene and contain the general formula R-C7H70.
  
• Anisomycin [M0001251]
  An antibiotic isolated from various Streptomyces species. It interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system.
  
• Anodynin [M0372299]
  
• Anorex [M0432369]
  
• ANP-3624 [M0351758]
  
• Anquil [M0459374]
  
• Ansaid [M0351587]
  
• Ansamycins [M0049215]
  A group of LACTAMS with an aliphatic ansa chain which is linked to a BENZENE or NAPHTHALENE chromophore. Included are RIFAMYCINS, naphthomycins, geldanamycins, streptovaricins, and maytansinoids.
  
• Ansatipin [M0475037]
  
• Anspor [M0351082]
  
• Antabus [M0485243]
  
• Antabuse [M0006601]
  
• Antalon [M0474773]
  
• Antara Micronized Procetofen [M0479287]
  
• Antasten [M0353206]
  
• Antaxone [M0462923]
  
• Antazoline [M0001292]
  An antagonist of histamine H1 receptors.
  
• Antazoline Hydrochloride [M0330778]
  
• Antazoline Phosphate [M0001293]
  
• Antazoline Phosphate (1:1) [M0330777]
  
• Ant�bor [M0475856]
  
• Antelepsin [M0004602]
  
• Antergan [M0005518]
  
• Anthisan [M0473996]
  
• Anthocyanidins [M0402350]
  The aglycone form of anthocyanins.
  
• Anthocyanins [M0001302]
  A group of FLAVONOIDS derived from FLAVONOLS, which lack the ketone oxygen at the 4-position. They are glycosylated versions of cyanidin, pelargonidin or delphinidin. The conjugated bonds result in blue, red, and purple colors in flowers of plants.
  
• Anthracenes [M0001303]
  A group of compounds with three aromatic rings joined in linear arrangement.
  
• Anthracyclines [M0028312]
  Organic compounds that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.
  
• Anthraforte [M0484996]
  
• Anthralin [M0001305]
  An anthracene derivative that disrupts MITOCHONDRIA function and structure and is used for the treatment of DERMATOSES, especially PSORIASIS. It may cause FOLLICULITIS.
  
• Anthramycin [M0001309]
  A broad-spectrum spectrum antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces refuineus var. thermotolerans. It has low toxicity, some activity against Trichomonas and Endamoeba, and inhibits RNA and DNA synthesis. It binds irreversibly to DNA.
  
• Anthramycin, (11a alpha)-Isomer [M0330779]
  
• Anthranilic Acids [M0001313]
  Benzoic acids which are substituted with an amino group in the C-2 position.
  
• Anthraquinones [M0001314]
  Compounds based on ANTHRACENES which contains two KETONES in any position. Substitutions can be in any position except on the ketone groups.
  
• Anthrones [M0443591]
  Anthracenes with one ketone group.
  
• Anti-Worm [M0474729]
  
• Antibiotic 799 [M0352033]
  
• Anticoccid [M0372290]
  
• Anticol [M0006603]
  
• Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic [M0001387]
  Substances that contain a fused three-ring moiety and are used in the treatment of depression. These drugs block the uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin into axon terminals and may block some subtypes of serotonin, adrenergic, and histamine receptors. However the mechanism of their antidepressant effects is not clear because the therapeutic effects usually take weeks to develop and may reflect compensatory changes in the central nervous system.
  
• Antigale [M0467620]
  
• Antihistaminico Llorens [M0478190]
  
• Antiminth [M0353427]
  
• Antimony Gluconic Acid [M0001474]
  
• Antimony Potassium Tartrate [M0001473]
  A schistosomicide possibly useful against other parasites. It has irritant emetic properties and may cause lethal cardiac toxicity among other adverse effects.
  
• Antimony Sodium Gluconate [M0001475]
  Antimony complex where the metal may exist in either the pentavalent or trivalent states. The pentavalent gluconate is used in leishmaniasis. The trivalent gluconate is most frequently used in schistosomiasis.
  
• Antimony Sodium Gluconates [M0001477]
  
• Antimycin A [M0001479]
  An antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces species. It inhibits mitochondrial respiration and may deplete cellular levels of ATP. Antimycin A1 has been used as a fungicide, insecticide, and miticide. (From Merck Index, 12th ed)
  
• Antimycin A1 [M0001480]
  
• Antipyrine [M0001499]
  An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29)
  
• Antisacer [M0353224]
  
• Antistenocardin [M0374378]
  
• Antistine [M0353207]
  
• Antivert [M0473869]
  
• Anturane [M0020777]
  
• Anuject [M0017611]
  
• Anvitoff [M0476862]
  
• Anxut [M0465825]
  
• Anxyrex [M0477431]
  
• Anzatax [M0474878]
  
• Ap-La-Day [M0474412]
  
• Apacef [M0477387]
  
• Aparsonin [M0463241]
  
• Apatef [M0477386]
  
• Apaurin [M0006234]
  
• Apazone [M0001566]
  An anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It also has uricosuric properties and has been used to treat gout.
  
• Apazone Dihydrate [M0330783]
  
• Aphidicolin [M0025305]
  An antiviral antibiotic produced by Cephalosporium aphidicola and other fungi. It inhibits the growth of eukaryotic cells and certain animal viruses by selectively inhibiting the cellular replication of DNA polymerase II or the viral-induced DNA polymerases. The drug may be useful for controlling excessive cell proliferation in patients with cancer, psoriasis or other dermatitis with little or no adverse effect upon non-multiplying cells.
  
• Aphidicolin, (3-S-(3alpha,4beta,4abeta,6aalpha,8alpha,9alpha,11aalpha,11balpha)) [M0329464]
  
• Aphrodyne [M0476585]
  
• Apigenin [M0357150]
  5,7,4'-trihydroxy-flavone, one of the FLAVONES.
  
• Apimid [M0482787]
  
• Apirachol [M0021612]
  
• Apo-Acebutolol [M0431313]
  
• Apo-Acetazolamide [M0431670]
  
• Apo-Alpraz [M0432030]
  
• Apo-Amitriptyline [M0433239]
  
• Apo-Benztropine [M0459460]
  
• Apo-Bisacodyl [M0477365]
  
• Apo-Bromazepam [M0477432]
  
• Apo-Buspirone [M0465826]
  
• Apo-Butorphanol [M0466374]
  
• Apo-Chlorpropamide [M0478304]
  
• Apo-Desipramine [M0485025]
  
• Apo-Diflunisal [M0485069]
  
• Apo-Dimenhydrinate [M0485122]
  
• Apo-Dipyridamole [M0485237]
  
• Apo-Domperidone [M0492509]
  
• Apo-Doxazosin [M0485270]
  
• Apo-Doxepin [M0485390]
  
• Apo-Feno-Micro [M0478143]
  
• Apo-Fluconazole [M0478551]
  
• Apo-Flurazepam [M0478659]
  
• Apo-Flurbiprofen [M0478660]
  
• Apo-Flutamide [M0482788]
  
• Apo-Labetalol [M0463249]
  
• Apo-Levobunolol [M0463366]
  
• Apo-Lorazepam [M0464799]
  
• Apo-Mefenamic [M0473887]
  
• Apo-Minocycline [M0474858]
  
• Apo-Moclobemide [M0474399]
  
• Apo-Nortriptyline [M0464774]
  
• Apo-Pravastatin [M0475483]
  
• Apo-Primidone [M0475723]
  
• Apo-Procainamide [M0475875]
  
• Apo-Propafenone [M0475997]
  
• Apo-Quinidine [M0474991]
  
• Apo-Sertraline [M0475545]
  
• Apo-Sulfinpyrazone [M0475942]
  
• Apo-Sulin [M0476024]
  
• Apo-Temazepam [M0476077]
  
• Apo-Tolbutamide [M0476639]
  
• Apo-Trazodone [M0476869]
  
• Apo-Triazo [M0476882]
  
• Apo-Warfarin [M0476574]
  
• Apocillin [M0351151]
  
• Apokinon [M0434030]
  
• Apomorphin-Teclapharm [M0434031]
  
• Apomorphine [M0001603]
  A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use.
  
• Apomorphine Chloride [M0001604]
  
• Apomorphine Hydrochloride, Anhydrous [M0331310]
  
• Apomorphine Hydrochloride, Hemihydrate [M0331311]
  
• Aponal [M0485389]
  
• Aporphines [M0001606]
  Dibenzoquinolines derived in plants from (S)-reticuline (BENZYLISOQUINOLINES).
  
• Apressoline [M0010679]
  
• Aprindine [M0001626]
  A cardiac depressant used in arrhythmias.
  
• Aprinox [M0459368]
  
• Aprocarb [M0001627]
  
• Apstil [M0485065]
  
• Aptin [M0432071]
  
• Aptina [M0432072]
  
• Aptine [M0432070]
  
• Apulonga [M0451798]
  
• Apurin [M0451799]
  
• AQ-110 [M0021883]
  
• AQL-208 [M0021884]
  
• Aquafol [M0476032]
  
• Aqualin [M0350817]
  
• Aquamephyton [M0373150]
  
• Aquaphyllin [M0353812]
  
• Aquasept [M0476889]
  
• Aquasol A [M0022790]
  
• Aralen [M0004184]
  
• Aramine [M0013527]
  
• Araminol [M0350573]
  
• Aratac [M0433213]
  
• Ardinex [M0354266]
  
• Arecoline [M0001674]
  An alkaloid obtained from the betel nut (Areca catechu), fruit of a palm tree. It is an agonist at both muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. It is used in the form of various salts as a ganglionic stimulant, a parasympathomimetic, and a vermifuge, especially in veterinary practice. It has been used as a euphoriant in the Pacific Islands.
  
• Aremis [M0475546]
  
• Arequin [M0004181]
  
• Arestin [M0474859]
  
• Arima [M0474400]
  
• Aristamid Augensalbe [M0475945]
  
• Aristamid Augentropfen [M0475947]
  
• Aristolochic Acids [M0405368]
  Nitro-phenanthrenes occurring in ARISTOLOCHIACEAE and other plants. They derive from stephanine (APORPHINE) by oxidative ring cleavage. The nitro group is a reactive alkylator (ALKYLATING AGENTS) that binds to biological macromolecules. Ingestion by humans is associated with nephropathy (NEPHRITIS). There is no relationship to the similar named aristolochene (SESQUITERPENES).
  
• Arithmin [M0434009]
  
• Aritmina [M0431777]
  
• Arlidin [M0015130]
  
• Arminol [M0475976]
  
• Armophylline [M0353813]
  
• Aroclor [M0001706]
  
• Aroclor 1254 [M0029849]
  A mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls that induces hepatic microsomal UDP-glucuronyl transferase activity towards thyroxine.
  
• Aroclors [M0001705]
  Industrial chemicals which have become widespread environmental pollutants. Each aroclor is a mixture of chlorinated biphenyls (1200 series) or chlorinated terphenyls (5400 series) or a combination of both (4400 series).
  
• Arolac [M0463973]
  
• Aropax [M0363571]
  
• Arpicolin [M0475951]
  
• Arsanilic Acid [M0001717]
  An arsenical which has been used as a feed additive for enteric conditions in pigs and poultry. It causes blindness and is ototoxic and nephrotoxic in animals.
  
• Arsenamide [M0001720]
  Proposed chemotherapeutic agent against filaria and trichomonas.
  
• Arsenazo III [M0001722]
  Metallochrome indicator that changes color when complexed to the calcium ion under physiological conditions. It is used to measure local calcium ion concentrations in vivo.
  
• Arsobal [M0352108]
  
• Arsphenamine [M0001725]
  
• Artane [M0021973]
  
• Artemisinins [M0413149]
  A group of SESQUITERPENES and their analogs that contain a peroxide group (PEROXIDES) within an oxepin ring (OXEPINS).
  
• Arterenol [M0014966]
  
• Arthrobid [M0350601]
  
• Arthrodont [M0485374]
  
• Artocoron [M0462784]
  
• Artosin [M0476640]
  
• Arubendol [M0476169]
  
• Arufil [M0475326]
  
• Arylsulfonates [M0001775]
  Organic sulfonic acid esters or salts which contain an aromatic hydrocarbon radical.
  
• Arylsulfonic Acids [M0026806]
  Organic sulfonic acid derivatives which contain an aromatic hydrocarbon radical.
  
• Asendin [M0354081]
  
• Asepsol [M0002320]
  
• Aspergillin [M0009276]
  
• Aspirin [M0001864]
  The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5)
  
• Asta C 4898 [M0006430]
  
• ASTA-D 7093 [M0332065]
  
• Astemina [M0434734]
  
• Astemizol Alonga [M0434735]
  
• Astemizol ratiopharm [M0434736]
  
• Astemizole [M0025303]
  A long-acting, non-sedative antihistaminic used in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis, asthma, allergic conjunctivitis, and chronic idiopathic urticaria. The drug is well tolerated and has no anticholinergic side effects.
  
• Astesen [M0434737]
  
• Asthmoprotect [M0476170]
  
• Astmopent [M0015384]
  
• Astudal [M0433349]
  
• AT-2266 [M0353773]
  
• Atabrine [M0018333]
  
• Atarax [M0010796]
  
• Atenolol [M0001900]
  A cardioselective beta-adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.
  
• Athromidin [M0351464]
  
• Atisuril [M0451870]
  
• Ativan [M0012697]
  
• Atosil [M0017711]
  
• Atovaquone [M0173858]
  A hydroxynaphthoquinone that has antimicrobial activity and is being used in antimalarial protocols.
  
• Atoxyl [M0001718]
  
• Atractyloside [M0001921]
  A glycoside of a kaurene type diterpene that is found in some plants including Atractylis gummifera (ATRACTYLIS); COFFEE; XANTHIUM, and CALLILEPIS. Toxicity is due to inhibition of ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCASE.
  
• Atracurium [M0001922]
  A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with short duration of action. Its lack of significant cardiovascular effects and its lack of dependence on good kidney function for elimination provide clinical advantage over alternate non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents.
  
• Atracurium Besylate [M0330821]
  
• Atrazine [M0001925]
  A selective triazine herbicide. Inhalation hazard is low and there are no apparent skin manifestations or other toxicity in humans. Acutely poisoned sheep and cattle may show muscular spasms, fasciculations, stiff gait, increased respiratory rates, adrenal degeneration, and congestion of the lungs, liver, and kidneys. (From The Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Atrenyl [M0351181]
  
• Atromid [M0004583]
  
• AtroPen [M0440417]
  
• Atropin Augen�l [M0440418]
  
• Atropine [M0001931]
  An alkaloid, originally from Atropa belladonna, but found in other plants, mainly SOLANACEAE.
  
• Atropine Derivatives [M0001936]
  Analogs and derivatives of atropine.
  
• Atropine Sulfate [M0001935]
  
• Atropine Sulfate, 3(S)-endo-Isomer [M0331323]
  
• Atropine, 3(S)-endo-Isomer [M0331322]
  
• Atropinol [M0440419]
  
• Atrovent [M0014401]
  
• Atsefen [M0351754]
  
• Augmentin [M0029680]
  
• Auramine O [M0351188]
  
• Auranofin [M0001971]
  An oral chrysotherapeutic agent for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Its exact mechanism of action is unknown, but it is believed to act via immunological mechanisms and alteration of lysosomal enzyme activity. Its efficacy is slightly less than that of injected gold salts, but it is better tolerated, and side effects which occur are potentially less serious.
  
• Aureocyclin [M0004214]
  
• Aureomycin [M0363568]
  
• Aureotan [M0440879]
  
• Aurintricarboxylate [M0001975]
  
• Aurintricarboxylic Acid [M0001974]
  A dye which inhibits protein biosynthesis at the initial stages. The ammonium salt (aluminon) is a reagent for the colorimetric estimation of aluminum in water, foods, and tissues.
  
• Aurintricarboxylic Acid, Calcium (1:3) Salt [M0330825]
  
• Aurintricarboxylic Acid, Calcium (2:3) Salt [M0330824]
  
• Aurintricarboxylic Acid, Trisodium Salt [M0330822]
  
• Aurolate [M0475556]
  
• Auromyose [M0440880]
  
• Aurorix [M0106136]
  
• Aurothioglucose [M0009526]
  A thioglucose derivative used as an antirheumatic and experimentally to produce obesity in animals.
  
• Aurothioglucose, beta-D Isomer [M0330217]
  
• Aurothioglucose, Sodium Salt, beta-D Isomer [M0330218]
  
• Aurothiomalate [M0009528]
  
• Aurovertins [M0001976]
  Very toxic and complex pyrone derivatives from the fungus Calcarisporium arbuscula. They bind to and inhibit mitochondrial ATPase, thereby uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation. They are used as biochemical tools.
  
• Auxins [M0002020]
  Organic compounds found in plant sprouts. They promote tissue growth through cell elongation rather than multiplication.
  
• Avadex BW [M0351508]
  
• Avatec [M0012242]
  
• Aventyl [M0464773]
  
• Avigilen [M0474894]
  
• Avil [M0369515]
  
• Aviomarin [M0351202]
  
• Avipron [M0004196]
  
• Avlocardyl [M0350579]
  
• Avlosulfone [M0372340]
  
• Axid [M0025274]
  
• Axonyl [M0474895]
  
• Axura [M0474758]
  
• AY 22-989 [M0352047]
  
• AY-20694 [M0017775]
  
• AY-23,028 [M0350541]
  
• AY-24,236 [M0352534]
  
• AY-9944 [M0464445]
  
• Aza Compounds [M0002056]
  
• Aza Crown Compounds [M0456960]
  Macrocyclic polyamines related to aza-oxa crowns (CROWN ETHERS).
  
• Aza-Oxa Crown Ethers [M0456963]
  
• Aza-Thia Crown Compounds [M0456961]
  
• Azactam [M0002091]
  
• Azaguanine [M0002061]
  One of the early purine analogs showing antineoplastic activity. It functions as an antimetabolite and is easily incorporated into ribonucleic acids.
  
• Azaperone [M0002062]
  A butyrophenone used in the treatment of PSYCHOSES.
  
• Azaron [M0476925]
  
• Azathioprine [M0002065]
  An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Azathioprine Sodium Salt [M0331325]
  
• Azathioprine Sulfate [M0331324]
  
• Azepines [M0002069]
  Seven membered heterocyclic rings containing a NITROGEN atom.
  
• Azetidines [M0002072]
  
• Azetines [M0002073]
  
• Aziridines [M0002076]
  Saturated azacyclopropane compounds. They include compounds with substitutions on CARBON or NITROGEN atoms.
  
• Azirines [M0002077]
  Unsaturated azacyclopropane compounds that are three-membered heterocycles of a nitrogen and two carbon atoms.
  
• Azithromycin [M0027129]
  A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.
  
• Azithromycin Dihydrate [M0329138]
  
• Azithromycin Monohydrate [M0329139]
  
• Azlin [M0351109]
  
• Azlocillin [M0002078]
  A semisynthetic ampicillin-derived acylureido penicillin.
  
• Azlocillin Sodium (Sterile) [M0002080]
  
• Azo Compounds [M0002081]
  
• Azo-Dine [M0474749]
  
• Azo-Gesic [M0474750]
  
• Azo-Natural [M0474751]
  
• Azo-Standard [M0474752]
  
• Azocines [M0002082]
  
• Azoles [M0002083]
  Five membered rings containing a NITROGEN atom.
  
• Azophenylarsonate [M0015723]
  
• Azoxymethane [M0002089]
  A potent carcinogen and neurotoxic compound. It is particularly effective in inducing colon carcinomas.
  
• Aztreonam [M0002090]
  A monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic originally isolated from Chromobacterium violaceum. It is resistant to beta-lactamases and is used in gram-negative infections, especially of the meninges, bladder, and kidneys. It may cause a superinfection with gram-positive organisms.
  
• Azufibrat [M0460238]
  
• Azulenes [M0483533]
  Compounds based on a seven-membered ring fused to a five-membered ring. Heat can rearrange them to NAPHTHALENES which have two fused six-membered rings. They are similar to guaiazulenes which are SESQUITERPENES with a six-membered ring fused to a five-membered ring.
  
• Azulfidine [M0019367]
  
• Azunaftil [M0462785]
  
• Azure Stains [M0002092]
  PHENOTHIAZINES with an amino group at the 3-position that are green crystals or powder. They are used as biological stains.
  
• B-15,000 [M0353503]
  
• B-663 [M0354093]
  
• B.A.L. [M0485228]
  
• B10-9359 [M0351973]
  
• Ba 2756 [M0353205]
  
• Ba-34,276 [M0013022]
  
• Bacteriochlorophyll A [M0002135]
  A specific bacteriochlorophyll that is similar in structure to CHLOROPHYLL A.
  
• Bacteriochlorophylls [M0002133]
  Pyrrole containing pigments found in photosynthetic bacteria.
  
• Bactidol [M0449826]
  
• Bactifor [M0024005]
  
• Bactrim [M0024003]
  
• BAL in Oil [M0485227]
  
• Balkis Saft Spezial [M0476191]
  
• Balminil [M0463336]
  
• Banminth [M0361644]
  
• Bantenol [M0474730]
  
• Banworm [M0474731]
  
• Barbamyl [M0001001]
  
• Barbital [M0002175]
  A long-acting barbiturate that depresses most metabolic processes at high doses. It is used as a hypnotic and sedative and may induce dependence. Barbital is also used in veterinary practice for central nervous system depression.
  
• Barbiturates [M0002177]
  A class of chemicals derived from barbituric acid or thiobarbituric acid. Many of these are GABA MODULATORS used as HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES, as ANESTHETICS, or as ANTICONVULSANTS.
  
• Baridium [M0474753]
  
• Basic Orange 3RN [M0373511]
  
• Basodexan [M0373263]
  
• Batel [M0460098]
  
• Batrachotoxins [M0002230]
  Batrachotoxin is the 20-alpha-bromobenzoate of batrachotoxin A; they are toxins from the venom of a small Colombian frog, Phyllobates aurotaenia, cause release of acetylcholine, destruction of synaptic vesicles and depolarization of nerve and muscle fibers.
  
• Baxarytmon [M0017735]
  
• Bay 3504 [M0351812]
  
• Bay b 5097 [M0353209]
  
• Bay e 5009 [M0373560]
  
• Bay e 9736 [M0332201]
  
• Bay G 2821 [M0373557]
  
• Bay K 5552 [M0373900]
  
• Bay n 5595 [M0353401]
  
• Bay-09867 [M0353988]
  
• Bay-1040 [M0369481]
  
• BAY-a-1040 [M0369480]
  
• Bay-e 6905 [M0351108]
  
• Bay-f 1353 [M0351111]
  
• Bay-K-8644 [M0464447]
  
• Bay-K-8644, (+)-Isomer [M0330830]
  
• Bay-K-8644, (+-)-Isomer [M0330828]
  
• Bay-K-8644, (-)-Isomer [M0330829]
  
• Bay-R-5417 [M0002233]
  
• BAY-Va 1470 [M0023072]
  
• Bayer 2353 [M0350861]
  
• Bayer 2502 [M0352067]
  
• Bayer 3625 [M0351845]
  
• Bayer 5360 [M0352077]
  
• Bayer 70143 [M0351485]
  
• Bayer 73 [M0014829]
  
• Bayer 9015 [M0351844]
  
• Baygon [M0361419]
  
• Bayluscide [M0014830]
  
• Baypresol [M0463338]
  
• Baypress [M0463337]
  
• BC-105 [M0353424]
  
• BC-2627 [M0352884]
  
• B�agyne [M0478552]
  
• Becaptan [M0351203]
  
• Befibrat [M0460239]
  
• Beforal [M0352885]
  
• Bekunis Bisacodyl [M0477366]
  
• BellaCarotin [M0459878]
  
• Belladonna Alkaloids [M0002300]
  Alkaloids obtained from various plants, especially the deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna), variety acuminata; atropine, hyoscyamine and scopolamine are classical, specific antimuscarinic agents with many pharmacologic actions; used mainly as antispasmodics.
  
• Beloc-Duriles [M0350815]
  
• Belustine [M0012678]
  
• Bemegride [M0002301]
  A CNS stimulant that is used to induce convulsions in experimental animals. It has also been used as a respiratory stimulant and in the treatment of barbiturate overdose.
  
• Benactyzine [M0002303]
  A centrally acting muscarinic antagonist. Benactyzine has been used in the treatment of depression and is used in research to investigate the role of cholinergic systems on behavior.
  
• Benadryl [M0369591]
  
• Benaxima [M0477378]
  
• Benaxona [M0477853]
  
• Bencelin [M0459647]
  
• Bencyclane [M0002307]
  A vasodilator agent found to be effective in a variety of peripheral circulation disorders. It has various other potentially useful pharmacological effects. Its mechanism may involve block of calcium channels.
  
• Bencyclane Fumarate [M0002308]
  
• Bendapar [M0431890]
  
• Bendroflumethiazide [M0002310]
  A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. It has been used in the treatment of familial hyperkalemia, hypertension, edema, and urinary tract disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p810)
  
• Benecid [M0475732]
  
• Benemid [M0017602]
  
• Benlate [M0351474]
  
• Benodain [M0373152]
  
• Benomyl [M0002312]
  A systemic agricultural fungicide used for control of certain fungal diseases of stone fruit.
  
• Benpen [M0477244]
  
• Benperidol [M0002314]
  A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It has been used in the treatment of aberrant sexual behavior. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p567)
  
• Benperidol-neuraxpharm [M0459376]
  
• Benserazide [M0002315]
  An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE that does not enter the central nervous system. It is often given with LEVODOPA in the treatment of parkinsonism to prevent the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, thereby increasing the amount that reaches the central nervous system and reducing the required dose. It has no antiparkinson actions when given alone.
  
• Bensylate [M0459461]
  
• Bentyl [M0006317]
  
• Bentylol [M0477659]
  
• Benylin [M0006510]
  
• Benz(a)Anthracenes [M0002329]
  Four fused benzyl rings with three linear and one angular, that can be viewed as a benzyl-phenanthrenes. Compare with NAPHTHACENES which are four linear rings.
  
• Benzaldehydes [M0002319]
  
• Benzalkonium [M0002321]
  
• Benzalkonium Chloride [M0002322]
  
• Benzalkonium Compounds [M0002323]
  A mixture of alkylbenzyldimethylammonium compounds. It is a bactericidal quaternary ammonium detergent used topically in medicaments, deodorants, mouthwashes, as a surgical antiseptic, and as a as preservative and emulsifier in drugs and cosmetics.
  
• Benzamides [M0002327]
  BENZOIC ACID amides.
  
• Benzamidines [M0002328]
  Amidines substituted with a benzene group. Benzamidine and its derivatives are known as peptidase inhibitors.
  
• Benzathine Benzylp�nicilline Panpharma [M0459660]
  
• Benzatropine Methanesulfonate [M0045522]
  
• Benzatropine Methanesulfonate, Hydrobromide [M0308582]
  
• Benzatropine Methanesulfonate, Hydrobromide, (endo)-Isomer [M0308581]
  
• Benzatropine Methanesulfonate, Hydrochloride, (endo)-Isomer [M0308580]
  
• Benzazepines [M0002330]
  Compounds with BENZENE fused to AZEPINES.
  
• Benzbromaron AL [M0459469]
  
• Benzbromaron-ratiopharm [M0459468]
  
• Benzbromarone [M0002331]
  Uricosuric that acts by increasing uric acid clearance. It is used in the treatment of gout.
  
• Benzenaminium, 4,4'-(3-oxo-1,5-pentanediyl)bis(N,N-dimethyl-N-2-propenyl-), Dibr [M0003118]
  Proposed cholinesterase inhibitor.
  
• Benzene [M0002332]
  Toxic, volatile, flammable liquid hydrocarbon byproduct of coal distillation. It is used as an industrial solvent in paints, varnishes, lacquer thinners, gasoline, etc. Benzene causes central nervous system damage acutely and bone marrow damage chronically and is carcinogenic. It was formerly used as parasiticide.
  
• Benzene Derivatives [M0002333]
  
• Benzeneacetamides [M0445221]
  Compounds based on benzeneacetamide, that are similar in structure to ACETANILIDES.
  
• Benzenesulfonates [M0002336]
  Organic salts and esters of benzenesulfonic acid.
  
• Benzetacil [M0459646]
  
• Benzethonium [M0002337]
  Bactericidal cationic quaternary ammonium surfactant used as a topical anti-infective agent. It is an ingredient in medicaments, deodorants, mouthwashes, etc., and is used to disinfect apparatus, etc., in the food processing and pharmaceutical industries, in surgery, and also as a preservative. The compound is toxic orally as a result of neuromuscular blockade.
  
• Benzethonium Chloride [M0002339]
  
• Benzetimide [M0006101]
  
• Benzhydryl Compounds [M0002345]
  Compounds which contain the methyl radical substituted with two benzene rings. Permitted are any substituents, but ring fusion to any of the benzene rings is not allowed.
  
• Benzide [M0459369]
  
• Benzidines [M0002346]
  Very toxic industrial chemicals. They are absorbed through the skin, causing lethal blood, bladder, liver, and kidney damage and are potent, broad-spectrum carcinogens in most species.
  
• Benzilates [M0002347]
  
• Benzimidazoles [M0002348]
  Compounds with a BENZENE fused to IMIDAZOLES.
  
• Benzo(a)pyrene [M0002349]
  A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.
  
• Benzoate [M0002352]
  
• Benzoates [M0002350]
  Salts and esters of BENZOIC ACID that possess antibacterial and antifungal properties. They are used as preservatives in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and foods.
  
• Benzocaine [M0002353]
  A surface anesthetic that acts by preventing transmission of impulses along nerve fibers and at nerve endings.
  
• Benzocaine Acetate [M0330837]
  
• Benzocaine Formate [M0330836]
  
• Benzocaine Hydrobromide [M0330833]
  
• Benzocaine Hydrochloride [M0330835]
  
• Benzocaine Methanesulfonate [M0330834]
  
• Benzocycloheptenes [M0002354]
  
• Benzocyclooctanes [M0405129]
  Compounds containing a benzyl group attached to an 8-carbon cyclooctane.
  
• Benzocyclooctenes [M0411010]
  
• Benzodiazepines [M0002356]
  A group of two-ring heterocyclic compounds consisting of a benzene ring fused to a diazepine ring. Permitted is any degree of hydrogenation, any substituents and any H-isomer.
  
• Benzodiazepinones [M0002357]
  
• Benzodioxoles [M0483258]
  Compounds based on benzene fused to oxole. They can be formed from methylated CATECHOLS such as EUGENOL.
  
• Benzoflavones [M0002358]
  Organic compounds containing a benzene ring attached to a flavone group. Some of these are potent arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase inhibitors. They may also inhibit the binding of nucleic acids to benzopyrenes and related compounds. The designation includes all isomers; the 7,8-isomer is most frequently encountered.
  
• Benzofurans [M0002359]
  
• Benzoic Acid [M0029415]
  A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.
  
• Benzoic Acids [M0029896]
  Acids, salts, and derivatives of BENZOIC ACID.
  
• Benzoin [M0002361]
  A white crystalline compound prepared by condensation of benzaldehyde in potassium cyanide and used in organic syntheses. This should not be confused with benzoin gum from STYRAX.
  
• Benzolamide [M0002362]
  Selective renal carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. It may also be of use in certain cases of respiratory failure.
  
• Benzomorphan [M0002364]
  
• Benzomorphans [M0002363]
  Morphine derivatives of the methanobenzazocine family that act as potent analgesics.
  
• Benzophenanthridines [M0491452]
  Compounds of four rings containing a nitrogen. They are biosynthesized from reticuline via rearrangement of scoulerine. They are similar to BENZYLISOQUINOLINES. Members include chelerythrine and sanguinarine.
  
• Benzophenoneidum [M0002365]
  An aniline dye used as a disinfectant and an antiseptic agent. It is weakly fluorescing and binds specifically to certain proteins.
  
• Benzophenones [M0002366]
  
• Benzopyrans [M0002367]
  Compounds with a core of fused benzo-pyran rings.
  
• Benzopyrenes [M0002369]
  A class of chemicals that contain an anthracene ring with a naphthalene ring attached to it.
  
• Benzoquinones [M0024780]
  Benzene rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.
  
• Benzothiadiazines [M0002371]
  Heterocyclic compounds of a ring with SULFUR and two NITROGEN atoms fused to a BENZENE ring. Members inhibit SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS and are used as DIURETICS.
  
• Benzothiazoles [M0483511]
  Compounds with a benzene ring fused to a thiazole ring.
  
• Benzothiepins [M0002372]
  
• Benzotriazines [M0461307]
  
• Benzoxazines [M0461882]
  OXAZINES with a fused BENZENE ring.
  
• Benzoxazinoids [M0461884]
  
• Benzoxazoles [M0002373]
  
• Benzoxepins [M0002374]
  
• Benzoyl Peroxide [M0002375]
  A peroxide derivative that has been used topically for BURNS and as a dermatologic agent in the treatment of ACNE and POISON IVY DERMATITIS. It is used also as a bleach in the food industry.
  
• Benzoylcholine [M0002380]
  The benzoic acid ester of choline.
  
• Benzphetamine [M0002381]
  A sympathomimetic agent with properties similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It is used in the treatment of obesity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1222)
  
• Benzpyrene [M0002370]
  
• Benztropine [M0002383]
  A centrally active muscarinic antagonist that has been used in the symptomatic treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE. Benztropine also inhibits the uptake of dopamine.
  
• Benzydamine [M0002384]
  A benzyl-indazole having analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects. It is used to reduce post-surgical and post-traumatic pain and edema and to promote healing. It is also used topically in treatment of RHEUMATIC DISEASES and INFLAMMATION of the mouth and throat.
  
• Benzydamine Hydrochloride [M0330843]
  
• Benzyl Alcohol [M0029566]
  A colorless liquid with a sharp burning taste and slight odor. It is used as a local anesthetic and to reduce pain associated with LIDOCAINE injection. Also, it is used in the manufacture of other benzyl compounds, as a pharmaceutic aid, and in perfumery and flavoring.
  
• Benzyl Alcohols [M0002386]
  Alcohols derived from the aryl radical (C6H5CH2-) and defined by C6H5CHOH. The concept includes derivatives with any substituents on the benzene ring.
  
• Benzyl Compounds [M0002387]
  
• Benzyl Viologen [M0002388]
  1,1'-Bis(phenylmethyl)4,4'-bipyridinium dichloride. Oxidation-reduction indicator.
  
• Benzylamines [M0002392]
  Toluenes in which one hydrogen of the methyl group is substituted by an amino group. Permitted are any substituents on the benzene ring or the amino group.
  
• Benzylammonium Compounds [M0474220]
  QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS based on BENZYLAMINES with the general formula phenyl-CN+R3.
  
• Benzylidene Compounds [M0002394]
  Compounds containing the PhCH= radical.
  
• Benzylisoquinolines [M0444533]
  ISOQUINOLINES with a benzyl substituent.
  
• Bepadin [M0024154]
  
• Bephenium Compounds [M0002395]
  Analogs or derivatives of bephenium (N,N-dimethyl-N-(2-phenoxyethyl)benzenemethanaminium).
  
• Bepridil [M0024153]
  A long-acting calcium-blocking agent with significant anti-anginal activity. The drug produces significant coronary vasodilation and modest peripheral effects. It has antihypertensive and selective anti-arrhythmia activities and acts as a calmodulin antagonist.
  
• Bepridil Monohydrochloride [M0329449]
  
• Bepridil Monohydrochloride, alpha-Isomer [M0329448]
  
• Bepridil Monohydrochloride, Monohydrate [M0329450]
  
• Bepridil, (+)-Isomer [M0329445]
  
• Bepridil, (+-)-Isomer [M0329451]
  
• Bepridil, (-)-Isomer [M0329446]
  
• Bepridil, alpha-Isomer [M0329447]
  
• Berberine [M0002396]
  An alkaloid from Hydrastis canadensis L., Berberidaceae. It is also found in many other plants. It is relatively toxic parenterally, but has been used orally for various parasitic and fungal infections and as antidiarrheal.
  
• Berberine Alkaloids [M0002397]
  A group of related plant alkaloids that contain the BERBERINE heterocyclic ring structure.
  
• Berkozide [M0459370]
  
• Berocillin [M0016928]
  
• Berolase [M0373249]
  
• Beromycin [M0351153]
  
• Berotek [M0008336]
  
• Besuric [M0459467]
  
• beta Carotene [M0028611]
  A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. It is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC). (From Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Engewood, CO, 1995.)
  
• beta-all-trans-Retinoic Acid [M0021880]
  
• beta-Aminoethyl Isothiourea [M0330729]
  A radiation-protective agent that can inhibit DNA damage by binding to the DNA. It also increases the susceptibility of blood cells to complement-mediated lysis.
  
• beta-Aminoethylisothiuronium Diacetate [M0330732]
  
• beta-Aminoethylisothiuronium Dihydrobromide [M0000518]
  
• beta-Aminoethylisothiuronium Dihydrochloride [M0330736]
  
• beta-Aminoethylisothiuronium Dihydroiodide [M0330734]
  
• beta-Aminoethylisothiuronium Diperchlorate [M0330733]
  
• beta-Aminoethylisothiuronium Monohydrobromide [M0330731]
  
• beta-Aminoethylisothiuronium Phosphate (1:1) [M0330735]
  
• beta-Aminoethylisothiuronium Sulfate (1:1) [M0330730]
  
• beta-Aminopropionitrile [M0000961]
  
• Beta-Carbolines [M0003363]
  
• beta-Endosulfan [M0007428]
  
• beta-Lactams [M0012144]
  Four-membered cyclic AMIDES, best known for the PENICILLINS based on a bicyclo-thiazolidine, and including monocyclic MONOBACTAMS. BETA-LACTAMASES hydrolyze the beta lactam ring, accounting for BETA-LACTAM RESISTANCE of infective bacteria.
  
• beta-Lumicolchicine [M0012730]
  
• beta-Mercaptopropionate [M0023221]
  
• beta-Naphthoflavone [M0028772]
  A polyaromatic hydrocarbon inducer of P4501A1 and P4501A2 cytochromes. (Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1994 Dec:207(3):302-308)
  
• Betacyanins [M0478329]
  Conjugates of betalamic acid with cyclo-dopa, both of which derive from TYROSINE. They appear similar to INDOLES but are biosynthesized by a different path and contain N+. Members are red or violet COLORING AGENTS found in the Caryophyllales order of PLANTS and some BASIDIOMYCETES.
  
• Betadine [M0017405]
  
• Betadren [M0350582]
  
• Betadrenol [M0003052]
  
• Betagan [M0003036]
  
• Betahistin AL [M0477350]
  
• Betahistin Stada [M0477351]
  
• Betahistin-ratiopharm [M0477352]
  
• Betahistine [M0002430]
  A histamine analog and H1 receptor agonist that serves as a vasodilator. It is used in Meniere's disease and in vascular headaches but may exacerbate bronchial asthma and peptic ulcers.
  
• Betahistine Dihydrobromide [M0330846]
  
• Betahistine Hydrochloride [M0330845]
  
• Betahistine Mesylate [M0330844]
  
• Betaine [M0002435]
  A naturally occurring compound that has been of interest for its role in osmoregulation. As a drug, betaine hydrochloride has been used as a source of hydrochloric acid in the treatment of hypochlorhydria. Betaine has also been used in the treatment of liver disorders, for hyperkalemia, for homocystinuria, and for gastrointestinal disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1341)
  
• Betaine Hydrochloride [M0002436]
  
• Betaisodona [M0017406]
  
• Betalain Pigments [M0103468]
  
• Betalains [M0040320]
  Compounds derived from TYROSINE via betalamic acid, including BETAXANTHINS and BETACYANINS. They are found in the Caryophyllales order of PLANTS and some BASIDIOMYCETES.
  
• Betaloc-Astra [M0013687]
  
• Betalok [M0350814]
  
• Betanidins [M0478331]
  Aglycone.
  
• Betanins [M0478330]
  Glycosylated betanidin.
  
• Betapen [M0351150]
  
• Betapressin [M0016115]
  
• Betavert [M0477353]
  
• Betaxanthins [M0478332]
  Conjugates of betalamic acid with AMINO ACIDS. Some of them are yellow COLORING AGENTS in the Caryophyllales order of PLANTS. This should not be confused with xanthin which is a term used for CAROTENES nor with XANTHINES.
  
• Betaxolol [M0024177]
  A cardioselective beta-1-adrenergic antagonist with no partial agonist activity.
  
• Betaxolol Hydrochloride [M0024179]
  
• Betazole [M0002440]
  A histamine H2 agonist used clinically to test gastric secretory function.
  
• Betazole Dihydrochloride [M0330849]
  
• Betazole Monohydrochloride [M0330848]
  
• Bethanechol [M0028052]
  A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Bethanechol is generally used to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the GI tract following abdominal surgery or in urinary retention in the absence of obstruction. It may cause hypotension, cardiac rate changes, and bronchial spasms.
  
• Bethanechol Chloride [M0028053]
  
• Bethanechol Compounds [M0002442]
  
• Bethanidine [M0002444]
  A guanidinium antihypertensive agent that acts by blocking adrenergic transmission. The precise mode of action is not clear.
  
• Bethanidine Sulfate [M0002445]
  
• Betoptic [M0024181]
  
• Beza-Lande [M0460240]
  
• Beza-Puren [M0460241]
  
• Bezabeta [M0460242]
  
• Bezacur [M0460243]
  
• Bezafibrat PB [M0460530]
  
• Bezafibrate [M0002449]
  Antilipemic agent that lowers cholesterol and triglycerides. It decreases low density lipoproteins and increases high density lipoproteins.
  
• Bezafisal [M0460116]
  
• Bezalip [M0002450]
  
• Bezamerck [M0460115]
  
• BHC Insecticide [M0351873]
  
• Biaxin [M0352015]
  
• Biaxsig [M0475118]
  
• Bibenzyls [M0002454]
  Compounds with 1,2-diphenylethane. They are structurally like reduced STILBENES.
  
• Bicarnesine [M0003492]
  
• Bichloroacetic Acid [M0006267]
  
• Bicillin [M0351367]
  
• BiCNU [M0483979]
  
• Bicol [M0477367]
  
• Bicromat Spray [M0353582]
  
• Bicuculline [M0002466]
  Isoquinoline alkaloid from Dicentra cucullaria and other plants that is a competitive antagonist at GABA-A receptors and thus causes convulsions.
  
• Bicyclo Compounds [M0002469]
  
• Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic [M0028488]
  A class of saturated compounds consisting of two rings only, having two or more atoms in common, containing at least one hetero atom, and that take the name of an open chain hydrocarbon containing the same total number of atoms. (From Riguady et al., Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry, 1979, p31)
  
• Bicyclo(5.3.0)Decapentaenes [M0483537]
  
• Bidocef [M0003715]
  
• Biflavonoids [M0446742]
  Dimers (homo and hetero) of FLAVONOIDS.
  
• Biguanides [M0002471]
  
• Bigumal [M0350949]
  
• Bilevon M [M0351843]
  
• Bilevon R [M0351840]
  
• Bilignost [M0011643]
  
• Biligrafine [M0011644]
  
• Bilimin [M0011697]
  
• Bilin [M0002485]
  
• Bilipolinum [M0011645]
  
• Bilirubin [M0002494]
  A bile pigment that is a degradation product of HEME.
  
• Bilirubin, (15E)-Isomer [M0330853]
  
• Bilirubin, (4E)-Isomer [M0330854]
  
• Bilirubin, (4E,15E)-Isomer [M0330855]
  
• Bilirubin, Calcium Salt [M0002495]
  
• Bilirubin, Disodium Salt [M0330857]
  
• Bilirubin, Monosodium Salt [M0330856]
  
• Biliverdin IX [M0002498]
  
• Biliverdin IX alpha [M0002499]
  
• Biliverdine [M0002500]
  1,3,6,7-Tetramethyl-4,5-dicarboxyethyl-2,8-divinylbilenone. Biosynthesized from hemoglobin as a precursor of bilirubin. Occurs in the bile of amphibia and of birds, but not in normal human bile or serum.
  
• Bilivistan [M0351686]
  
• Bilobalides [M0455969]
  A degraded form of GINKGOLIDES that have three LACTONES and a unique tert-butyl group which are found in GINKGO plants.
  
• Bilopaque [M0351857]
  
• Biloptin [M0011698]
  
• Biltricide [M0353769]
  
• Binazine [M0021613]
  
• Biocarbazine [M0352400]
  
• Biocoryl [M0475876]
  
• Biodermatin [M0460654]
  
• BioDex 1 [M0351192]
  
• Biodone [M0474179]
  
• Biodramina [M0485121]
  
• Biofix [M0373159]
  
• Bioflavonoids [M0002516]
  
• Bioflutin [M0477840]
  
• Biogenic Amines [M0002518]
  A group of naturally occurring amines derived by enzymatic decarboxylation of the natural amino acids. Many have powerful physiological effects (e.g., histamine, serotonin, epinephrine, tyramine). Those derived from aromatic amino acids, and also their synthetic analogs (e.g., amphetamine), are of use in pharmacology.
  
• Biogenic Monoamines [M0023566]
  Biogenic amines having only one amine moiety. Included in this group are all natural monoamines formed by the enzymatic decarboxylation of natural amino acids.
  
• Biogenic Polyamines [M0023585]
  Biogenic amines having more than one amine group. These are long-chain aliphatic compounds that contain multiple amino and/or imino groups. Because of the linear arrangement of positive charge on these molecules, polyamines bind electrostatically to ribosomes, DNA, and RNA.
  
• Biokur [M0460655]
  
• Biomet [M0004481]
  
• Biomet400 [M0004482]
  
• Biomycin [M0363569]
  
• Biopolymers [M0002553]
  Polymers synthesized by living organisms. They play a role in the formation of macromolecular structures and are synthesized via the covalent linkage of biological molecules, especially AMINO ACIDS; NUCLEOTIDES; and CARBOHYDRATES.
  
• Biopterin [M0002561]
  A natural product that has been considered as a growth factor for some insects.
  
• Biopyrin [M0372397]
  
• Bioquin [M0353875]
  
• Biosept [M0003969]
  
• Bioshik [M0352088]
  
• Biosint [M0477379]
  
• Biotidin [M0018471]
  
• Biotin [M0002565]
  A water-soluble, enzyme co-factor present in minute amounts in every living cell. It occurs mainly bound to proteins or polypeptides and is abundant in liver, kidney, pancreas, yeast, and milk.
  
• Biotin Gelfert [M0460656]
  
• Biotin Hermes [M0460657]
  
• Biotin-ratiopharm [M0460663]
  
• Biotine Roche [M0460664]
  
• Biperiden [M0002568]
  A muscarinic antagonist that has effects in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It has been used in the treatment of arteriosclerotic, idiopathic, and postencephalitic parkinsonism. It has also been used to alleviate extrapyramidal symptoms induced by phenothiazine derivatives and reserpine.
  
• Biperiden Hydrochloride [M0330860]
  
• Biperiden, 1R-(1 alpha,2 alpha(R*),4 alpha)-Isomer [M0330858]
  
• Biperiden, 1S-(1 alpha,2 alpha(R*),4 alpha)-Isomer [M0330859]
  
• Biphenabid [M0353864]
  
• Biphenyl Compounds [M0002570]
  
• Bipyridyl [M0023199]
  
• Biquinate [M0475002]
  
• Bis(4-Methyl-1-Homopiperazinylthiocarbonyl)disulfide [M0008531]
  An inhibitor of the last step of noradrenaline biosynthesis.
  
• Bis(Chloromethyl) Ether [M0002605]
  A substance that is an irritant to the eyes and respiratory tract and may be carcinogenic.
  
• Bis-Trimethylammonium Compounds [M0013593]
  Compounds containing polymethylene bis-trimethylammonium cations. Members of this group frequently act as ganglionic blockers and neuromuscular depolarizing agents.
  
• Bisac-Evac [M0477368]
  
• Bisacodyl [M0002606]
  A diphenylmethane stimulant laxative used for the treatment of constipation and for bowel evacuation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p871)
  
• Bisacodyl Tannex [M0002607]
  
• Bisacodyl Uniserts [M0477370]
  
• Bisalax [M0477369]
  
• Bisbenzimide [M0010486]
  A benzimidazole antifilarial agent; it is fluorescent when it binds to certain nucleotides in DNA, thus providing a tool for the study of DNA replication; it also interferes with mitosis.
  
• Bisbenzylisoquinolines [M0444534]
  
• Bisco-Lax [M0477371]
  
• Bisco-Zitron [M0477372]
  
• Biseptol [M0024006]
  
• Biseptol-480 [M0024007]
  
• Bisolvomycin [M0350819]
  
• Bisolvon [M0370935]
  
• Bisolvon AM [M0451979]
  
• Bisoprolol [M0026256]
  A cardioselective beta-1-adrenergic blocker. It is effective in the management of hypertension and angina pectoris.
  
• Bisoprolol Fumarate [M0026258]
  
• Bisoprolol Fumarate (1:1) Salt, (+-)-Isomer [M0329266]
  
• Bisoprolol Fumarate (2:1) Salt, (+-)-Isomer [M0329267]
  
• Bisoprolol Hydrochloride [M0329272]
  
• Bisoprolol Methanesulfonate Salt [M0329273]
  
• Bisoprolol, (+-)-Isomer [M0329265]
  
• Bisoprolol, (-)-Isomer [M0329274]
  
• Bisoprolol, Fumarate (1:1) Salt [M0329268]
  
• Bisoprolol, Fumarate (2:1) Salt [M0329270]
  
• Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate [M0026457]
  The reaction product of bisphenol A and glycidyl methacrylate that undergoes polymerization when exposed to ultraviolet light or mixed with a catalyst. It is used as a bond implant material and as the resin component of dental sealants and composite restorative materials.
  
• Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate Homopolymer [M0329218]
  
• Bithionol [M0002618]
  Halogenated anti-infective agent that is used against trematode and cestode infestations.
  
• Bitin [M0002619]
  
• Biureas [M0002620]
  
• Biuret [M0002621]
  Used as feed supplement for sheep and cattle since it is a good non-protein nitrogen source. In strongly alkaline solution biuret gives a violet color with copper sulfate.
  
• BL-191 [M0353118]
  
• BL-P 1322 [M0328930]
  
• BL-S 578 [M0353621]
  
• BL-S 640 [M0351079]
  
• Bladuril [M0478253]
  
• Blastocarb [M0477266]
  
• Bleminol [M0451871]
  
• Blemix [M0474862]
  
• Bleph [M0475855]
  
• Bloat Guard [M0350684]
  
• Blocadren [M0021544]
  
• BM-15.075 [M0351461]
  
• BMY-28689 [M0351741]
  
• Bolinan [M0475327]
  
• Bolinan 40 [M0017399]
  
• Bonamine [M0473870]
  
• Bongkrekate [M0002800]
  
• Bongkrekic Acid [M0002799]
  An antibiotic produced by Pseudomonas cocovenenans. It is an inhibitor of MITOCHONDRIAL ADP, ATP TRANSLOCASES. Specifically, it blocks adenine nucleotide efflux from mitochondria by enhancing membrane binding.
  
• Bonifen [M0375430]
  
• Bonine [M0013178]
  
• Boots Bite & Sting Relief [M0473997]
  
• Boots Threadworm Treatment [M0474732]
  
• Bornanes [M0002828]
  
• BR-750 [M0009671]
  
• Brainal [M0463281]
  
• Brandiazin [M0475866]
  
• Branigen [M0444058]
  
• Braxan [M0433214]
  
• Breezee [M0476659]
  
• Brefeldin A [M0029866]
  A fungal metabolite which is a macrocyclic lactone exhibiting a wide range of antibiotic activity.
  
• Brentan [M0013756]
  
• Breonesin [M0352310]
  
• Brethaire [M0350538]
  
• Brethine [M0350537]
  
• Bretylate [M0463074]
  
• Bretylium Compounds [M0002919]
  
• Bretylium Tosylate [M0002920]
  An agent that blocks the release of adrenergic transmitters and may have other actions. It was formerly used as an antihypertensive agent, but is now proposed as an anti-arrhythmic.
  
• Bretylol [M0350984]
  
• Brevicilina [M0459648]
  
• Brevimytal Natrium [M0474225]
  
• Brevital [M0369446]
  
• Bricanyl [M0021179]
  
• Bridged Compounds [M0002922]
  Cyclic hydrocarbons that contain multiple rings and share one or more atoms.
  
• Brietal [M0369445]
  
• Brij 52 [M0003962]
  
• Brij 56 [M0003963]
  
• Brij-58 [M0003964]
  
• Brinaldix [M0350892]
  
• Brinedine [M0418289]
  
• Brionil [M0476698]
  
• Brisfirina [M0477348]
  
• Bristacol [M0475484]
  
• Britaject [M0434032]
  
• BRL-14151 [M0372715]
  
• BRL-2288 [M0021516]
  
• BRL-2333 [M0353674]
  
• BRL-25000 [M0351092]
  
• BRL-29060 [M0363570]
  
• BRL-3475 [M0351123]
  
• BRL-34915 [M0372959]
  
• BRL-38226 [M0029397]
  
• BRL-38227 [M0029398]
  
• BRL-43694A [M0026937]
  
• BRL-8988 [M0351121]
  
• Brocresine [M0002927]
  A histidine decarboxylase inhibitor.
  
• BromaLich [M0477433]
  
• Bromaz 1A Pharma [M0477434]
  
• Bromazanil [M0477435]
  
• bromazep von ct [M0477436]
  
• Bromazepam [M0002929]
  One of the BENZODIAZEPINES that is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS.
  
• Bromazepam AL [M0477481]
  
• Bromazepam beta [M0477482]
  
• Bromazepam Heumann [M0477483]
  
• Bromazepam-neuraxpharm [M0477484]
  
• Bromazepam-ratiopharm [M0477485]
  
• Bromcresol Green [M0002931]
  An indicator and reagent. It has been used in serum albumin determinations and as a pH indicator.
  
• Bromcresol Purple [M0002932]
  An indicator and reagent. It has been used for several purposes including the determination of serum albumin concentrations
  
• Bromhexin [M0465029]
  
• Bromhexin BC [M0463243]
  
• Bromhexine [M0002938]
  A mucolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with viscid or excessive mucus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p744)
  
• Bromhexine Hydrochloride [M0330882]
  
• Bromisovalum [M0002944]
  A sedative and mild hypnotic with potentially toxic effects.
  
• Bromobenzenes [M0002945]
  Derivatives of benzene in which one or more hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring are replaced by bromine atoms.
  
• Bromobenzoates [M0002946]
  Benzoic acid or benzoic acid esters substituted with one or more bromine atoms.
  
• Bromocriptine [M0002948]
  A semisynthetic ergotamine alkaloid that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It suppresses prolactin secretion.
  
• Bromosuccinimide [M0002952]
  A brominating agent that replaces hydrogen atoms in benzylic or allylic positions. It is used in the oxidation of secondary alcohols to ketones and in controlled low-energy brominations. (From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed; Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed,).
  
• Bromotrichloromethane [M0002953]
  A potent liver poison. In rats, bromotrichloromethane produces about three times the degree of liver microsomal lipid peroxidation as does carbon tetrachloride.
  
• Brompheniramine [M0002955]
  Histamine H1 antagonist used in treatment of allergies, rhinitis, and urticaria.
  
• Brompheniramine Maleate [M0330884]
  
• Bromphenol Blue [M0002958]
  A dye that has been used as an industrial dye, a laboratory indicator, and a biological stain.
  
• Bromsulphalein [M0020786]
  
• Bromthalein [M0361431]
  
• Bromthymol Blue [M0002959]
  A pH sensitive dye that has been used as an indicator in many laboratory reactions.
  
• Bromvaleton [M0352403]
  
• Bromyl [M0352402]
  
• Bronchopront [M0451983]
  
• Bronchowern [M0451984]
  
• Bronkodyl [M0362257]
  
• Bronkometer [M0011759]
  
• Brotazona [M0478176]
  
• Brotussol [M0465027]
  
• Broxol [M0451987]
  
• Brufen [M0010969]
  
• BS-100-141 [M0024936]
  
• BTC-2125 [M0002324]
  
• BTS-18322 [M0351586]
  
• BU-3839T [M0351742]
  
• Bucarban [M0352364]
  
• Bucrylate [M0002996]
  Cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive also used to occlude blood vessels supplying neoplastic or other diseased tissue.
  
• Bufal [M0465108]
  
• Bufederm [M0465110]
  
• Bufexamac [M0003003]
  A benzeneacetamide with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic action. It is administered topically, orally, or rectally.
  
• Bufexamac-ratiopharm [M0465111]
  
• Buformin [M0003015]
  An oral hypoglycemic agent that inhibits gluconeogenesis, increases glycolysis, and decreases glucose oxidation.
  
• Bufotenin [M0003017]
  A hallucinogenic serotonin analog found in frog or toad skins, mushrooms, higher plants, and mammals, especially in the brains, plasma, and urine of schizophrenics. Bufotenin has been used as a tool in CNS studies and misused as a psychedelic.
  
• Bumedyl [M0465163]
  
• Bumetanide [M0003024]
  A sulfamyl diuretic.
  
• Bumex [M0465164]
  
• Bunaftine [M0003025]
  N-Butyl-N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-1-naphthamide. A proposed antiarrhythmic that prolongs myocardial refractory period and stabilizes cell membranes.
  
• Bunolol [M0003035]
  
• Bunolol Hydrochloride [M0333576]
  
• Bupivacain Janapharm [M0465181]
  
• Bupivacain-RPR [M0465182]
  
• Bupivacaina Braun [M0465183]
  
• Bupivacaine [M0003045]
  A widely used local anesthetic agent.
  
• Bupivacaine Anhydrous [M0330886]
  
• Bupivacaine Carbonate [M0003046]
  
• Bupivacaine Hydrochloride [M0330885]
  
• Bupranolol [M0003051]
  An adrenergic-beta-2 antagonist that has been used for cardiac arrhythmia, angina pectoris, hypertension, glaucoma, and as an antithrombotic.
  
• Buprenex [M0352882]
  
• Buprenorphine [M0003054]
  A derivative of the opioid alkaloid THEBAINE that is a more potent and longer lasting analgesic than MORPHINE. It appears to act as a partial agonist at mu and kappa opioid receptors and as an antagonist at delta receptors. The lack of delta-agonist activity has been suggested to account for the observation that buprenorphine tolerance may not develop with chronic use.
  
• Buprenorphine Hydrochloride [M0330887]
  
• Bupropion [M0025361]
  A unicyclic, aminoketone antidepressant. The mechanism of its therapeutic actions is not well understood, but it does appear to block dopamine uptake. The hydrochloride is available as an aid to smoking cessation treatment.
  
• Bupropion Hydrochloride [M0025362]
  
• Bupropion Hydrochloride, (+-)-Isomer [M0331327]
  
• Bupropion, (+-)-Isomer [M0331329]
  
• Burimamide [M0003056]
  An antagonist of histamine that appears to block both H2 and H3 histamine receptors. It has been used in the treatment of ulcers.
  
• Burinex [M0465165]
  
• Bursine [M0004288]
  
• Buscapine [M0353024]
  
• Buscolysin [M0353023]
  
• Buscopan [M0353026]
  
• Busp [M0465827]
  
• Buspar [M0003078]
  
• Buspirone [M0003077]
  An anxiolytic agent and a serotonin receptor agonist belonging to the azaspirodecanedione class of compounds. Its structure is unrelated to those of the benzodiazepines, but it has an efficacy comparable to DIAZEPAM.
  
• Buspirone Hydrochloride [M0350950]
  
• Busulfan [M0003079]
  An alkylating agent having a selective immunosuppressive effect on BONE MARROW. It has been used in the palliative treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (MYELOID LEUKEMIA, CHRONIC), but although symptomatic relief is provided, no permanent remission is brought about. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), busulfan is listed as a known carcinogen.
  
• Busulfan Wellcome [M0466352]
  
• Busulfex [M0466353]
  
• Butaclamol [M0003083]
  A benzocycloheptapyridoisoquinolinol that has been used as an antipsychotic, especially in schizophrenia.
  
• Butaclamol Hydrochloride [M0003082]
  
• Butacote [M0016549]
  
• Butadiene [M0003084]
  
• Butadienes [M0003085]
  Four carbon unsaturated hydrocarbons containing two double bonds.
  
• Butadione [M0016551]
  
• Butaliret [M0476173]
  
• Butamide Brand of Tolbutamide [M0352384]
  
• Butanes [M0003087]
  
• Butanones [M0003089]
  
• Butapyrazole [M0016552]
  
• Butazolidin [M0016550]
  
• Butorphanol [M0003094]
  A synthetic morphinan analgesic with narcotic antagonist action. It is used in the management of severe pain.
  
• Butorphanol Tartrate [M0003095]
  
• Butoxamine [M0003096]
  A beta-2 selective adrenergic antagonist. It is used primarily in animal and tissue experiments to characterize beta-2 receptor involvement and identify beta-2 receptors.
  
• Butoxamine Hydrochloride [M0003097]
  
• Butyl Methyl Ketones [M0010315]
  
• Butylamines [M0003102]
  
• Butylated Hydroxyanisole [M0003104]
  Mixture of 2- and 3-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenols that is used as an antioxidant in foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
  
• Butylated Hydroxytoluene [M0003105]
  A di-tert-butyl PHENOL with antioxidant properties.
  
• Butylcarbamide [M0003413]
  
• Butylcyanoacrylate [M0007335]
  
• Butylene Glycols [M0003086]
  4-carbon straight chain aliphatic hydrocarbons substituted with two hydroxyl groups. The hydroxyl groups cannot be on the same carbon atom.
  
• Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine [M0003106]
  A substituted carcinogenic nitrosamine.
  
• Butylscopolammonium Bromide [M0003107]
  Antimuscarinic quaternary ammonium derivative of scopolamine used to treat cramps in gastrointestinal, urinary, uterine, and biliary tracts, and to facilitate radiologic visualization of the gastrointestinal tract.
  
• Butyrophenones [M0003113]
  Compounds containing phenyl-1-butanone.
  
• Butyrylthiocholine [M0003116]
  A sulfur-containing analog of butyrylcholine which is hydrolyzed by butyrylcholinesterase to butyrate and thiocholine. It is used as a reagent in the determination of butyrylcholinesterase activity.
  
• Buvacaina [M0465185]
  
• BW 284 C 51 [M0464449]
  
• BW-33A [M0353762]
  
• BW-755C [M0024166]
  A dual inhibitor of both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. It exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the formation of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The drug also enhances pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction and has a protective effect after myocardial ischemia.
  
• By-Vertin [M0477341]
  
• C-283 [M0014871]
  
• C-36278-Ba [M0354279]
  
• C.B.B. [M0460094]
  
• C.I. 23860 [M0351382]
  
• C.I. 40850 [M0351962]
  
• C.I. 42555 [M0351187]
  
• C.I. 45350 [M0350969]
  
• C.I. 46005 [M0373513]
  
• C.I. 75470 [M0350501]
  
• C.I. Acid Black 1 [M0350871]
  
• C.I. Basic Orange 14 [M0373512]
  
• C.I. Basic Red 5 [M0354096]
  
• C.I. Direct Blue 53 [M0351381]
  
• C.I. Solvent Yellow 1 [M0361791]
  
• C.I. Solvent Yellow 3 [M0351380]
  
• C.I.-20470 [M0350873]
  
• Ca-DTPA [M0006872]
  
• Cacodylate [M0003128]
  
• Cacodylic Acid [M0003127]
  An arsenical that has been used as a dermatologic agent and as an herbicide.
  
• Cadaverine [M0003130]
  A foul-smelling diamine formed by bacterial decarboxylation of lysine.
  
• Cadmium 2,3-Dimercaptopropanol [M0006440]
  
• Caelyx [M0417714]
  Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin hydrochloride.
  
• Caffedrine [M0466578]
  
• Caffeic Acids [M0003137]
  A class of phenolic acids related to chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid, etc., which are found in plant tissues. It is involved in plant growth regulation.
  
• Caffeine [M0003138]
  A methylxanthine naturally occurring in some beverages and also used as a pharmacological agent. Caffeine's most notable pharmacological effect is as a central nervous system stimulant, increasing alertness and producing agitation. It also relaxes smooth muscle, stimulates cardiac muscle, stimulates diuresis, and appears to be useful in the treatment of some types of headache. Several cellular actions of caffeine have been observed, but it is not entirely clear how each contributes to its pharmacological profile. Among the most important are inhibition of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases, antagonism of adenosine receptors, and modulation of intracellular calcium handling.
  
• Calan [M0376210]
  
• Calanolides [M0419384]
  COUMARINS with two added pyran rings. Some are found in the CALOPHYLLUM genus of plants.
  
• Calcimycin [M0000001]
  An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems.
  
• Calciofon [M0351616]
  
• Calcipot [M0467172]
  
• Calcium Braun [M0467166]
  
• Calcium Citrate [M0028810]
  A colorless crystalline or white powdery organic, tricarboxylic acid occurring in plants, especially citrus fruits, and used as a flavoring agent, as an antioxidant in foods, and as a sequestrating agent. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
  
• Calcium Cyclamate [M0331213]
  
• Calcium Disodium Versenate [M0363997]
  
• Calcium Dobesilate [M0003167]
  A drug used to reduce hemorrhage in diabetic retinopathy.
  
• Calcium Dobesilate (1:1) [M0330898]
  
• Calcium Dobesilate Monoammonium Salt [M0330896]
  
• Calcium Dobesilate Monopotassium Salt [M0330897]
  
• Calcium Fusarate [M0008906]
  
• Calcium Glucarate [M0009319]
  
• Calcium Gluconate [M0003171]
  The calcium salt of gluconic acid. The compound has a variety of uses, including its use as a calcium replenisher in hypocalcemic states.
  
• Calcium Ipodate [M0011699]
  
• Calcium Oxalate [M0003175]
  The calcium salt of oxalic acid, occurring in the urine as crystals and in certain calculi.
  
• Calcium Oxalate (1:1) [M0330901]
  
• Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate (1:1) [M0330900]
  
• Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate (1:1) [M0330902]
  
• Calcium Oxalate Trihydrate [M0330899]
  
• Calcium Tetacine [M0007072]
  
• Calcivitol [M0467167]
  
• Calglucon [M0351617]
  
• Calipsol [M0351824]
  
• Calixarenes [M0190790]
  Phenolic metacyclophanes derived from condensation of PHENOLS and ALDEHYDES. The name derives from the vase-like molecular structures. A bracketed [n] indicates the number of aromatic rings.
  
• Calm-X [M0485120]
  
• Calmday [M0476798]
  
• Calmivet [M0431450]
  
• Calnit [M0463282]
  
• Cambendazole [M0003231]
  A nematocide effective against a variety of gastrointestinal parasites in cattle, sheep, and horses.
  
• Camoquine [M0001006]
  
• Camphor [M0003240]
  A bicyclic monoterpene ketone found widely in plants, especially CINNAMOMUM CAMPHORA. It is used topically as a skin antipruritic and as an anti-infective agent.
  
• Camphor, (+-)-Isomer [M0331333]
  
• Camphor, (1R)-Isomer [M0331335]
  
• Camphor, (1S)-Isomer [M0331334]
  
• Camptothecin [M0003242]
  An alkaloid isolated from the stem wood of the Chinese tree, Camptotheca acuminata. This compound selectively inhibits the nuclear enzyme DNA TOPOISOMERASES, TYPE I. Several semisynthetic analogs of camptothecin have demonstrated antitumor activity.
  
• Candeptin [M0352010]
  
• Candicidin [M0003252]
  Mixture of antifungal heptaene macrolides from Streptomyces griseus or Actinomyces levoris used topically in candidiasis. The antibiotic complex is composed of candicidins A, B, C, and D, of which D is the major component.
  
• Candicidin D [M0003253]
  
• Candimon [M0352009]
  
• Canesten [M0004643]
  
• Cannabidiol [M0003266]
  Compound isolated from Cannabis sativa extract.
  
• Cannabinoids [M0003267]
  Compounds having the cannabinoid structure. They were originally extracted from Cannabis sativa L. The most pharmacologically active constituents are TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL; CANNABINOL; and CANNABIDIOL.
  
• Cannabinol [M0003268]
  A physiologically inactive constituent of Cannabis sativa L.
  
• Cantharidin [M0003285]
  A toxic compound, isolated from the Spanish fly or blistering beetle (Lytta (Cantharis) vesicatoria) and other insects. It is a potent and specific inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A). This compound can produce severe skin inflammation, and is extremely toxic if ingested orally.
  
• Canthaxanthin [M0025364]
  A trans-carotenoid pigment widely distributed in nature. The compound is used as an oral suntanning agent and as a food and drug coloring agent. Oral ingestion of the compound causes canthaxanthin retinopathy.
  
• Caparsolate [M0352104]
  
• Caplenal [M0451872]
  
• Captan [M0003318]
  One of the phthalimide fungicides.
  
• Capurate [M0451873]
  
• Capval [M0464783]
  
• Capval Tropfen [M0464784]
  
• Carasel [M0475019]
  
• Carbachol [M0003323]
  A slowly hydrolyzed cholinergic agonist that acts at both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.
  
• Carbadox [M0003326]
  An antibacterial agent that has been used in veterinary practice for treating swine dysentery and enteritis and for promoting growth. However, its use has been prohibited in the UK following reports of carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p125)
  
• Carbamann [M0467366]
  
• Carbamates [M0003327]
  Salts or esters of carbamic acid, H2NC(=O)OH, or of N-substituted carbamic acids: R2NC(=O)OR', (R' = hydrocarbyl or a cation). The esters are often called URETHANE or urethan, a usage that is strictly correct only for the ethyl esters. (From IUPAC [Internet]. International Union Of Pure And Applied Chemistry; c1995 [updated 2004 Jan 9; cited 2004 May 3]. Available from http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/class/oneN.html#35/).
  
• Carbamazepine [M0003328]
  An anticonvulsant used to control grand mal and psychomotor or focal seizures. Its mode of action is not fully understood, but some of its actions resemble those of PHENYTOIN; although there is little chemical resemblance between the two compounds, their three-dimensional structure is similar.
  
• Carbamazepine Acetate [M0330914]
  
• Carbamazepine Dihydrate [M0330915]
  
• Carbamazepine Hydrochloride [M0330912]
  
• Carbamazepine L-Tartrate (4:1) [M0330913]
  
• Carbamazepine Phosphate [M0330911]
  
• Carbamazepine Sulfate (2:1) [M0330910]
  
• Carbamylcholine [M0003324]
  
• Carbanilides [M0003335]
  
• Carbapen [M0467376]
  
• Carbaryl [M0019707]
  A carbamate insecticide and parasiticide. It is a potent anticholinesterase agent belonging to the carbamate group of reversible cholinesterase inhibitors. It has a particularly low toxicity from dermal absorption and is used for control of head lice in some countries.
  
• Carbaryl, Manganese (2+) Salt [M0329720]
  
• Carbaryl, Nickel (2+) Salt [M0329721]
  
• Carbastat [M0467367]
  
• Carbazepin [M0354005]
  
• Carbazilquinone [M0003336]
  An alkylating agent structurally similar to MITOMYCIN and found to be effective in the treatment of leukemia and various other neoplasms in mice. It causes leukemia and thrombocytopenia in almost all human patients.
  
• Carbazoles [M0003337]
  Benzo-indoles similar to CARBOLINES which are pyrido-indoles. In plants, carbazoles are derived from indole and form some of the INDOLE ALKALOIDS.
  
• Carbecin [M0003338]
  
• Carbenicillin [M0003339]
  Broad-spectrum semisynthetic penicillin derivative used parenterally. It is susceptible to gastric juice and penicillinase and may damage platelet function.
  
• Carbenicillin Disodium [M0330918]
  
• Carbenicillin Phenyl Sodium [M0330924]
  
• Carbidopa [M0003345]
  An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE, preventing conversion of LEVODOPA to dopamine. It is used in PARKINSON DISEASE to reduce peripheral adverse effects of LEVODOPA. It has no antiparkinson actions by itself.
  
• Carbidopa, (R)-Isomer [M0330921]
  
• Carbidopa, (S)-Isomer [M0330920]
  
• Carbimazole [M0003346]
  An imidazole antithyroid agent. Carbimazole is metabolized to METHIMAZOLE, which is responsible for the antithyroid activity.
  
• Carbimazole Henning [M0477265]
  
• Carbocaine [M0013435]
  
• Carbocyanines [M0003347]
  Compounds that contain three methine groups. They are frequently used as cationic dyes used for differential staining of biological materials.
  
• Carbodiimides [M0003351]
  
• Carbofuran [M0003352]
  A cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as a systemic insecticide, an acaricide, and nematocide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Carbolines [M0003364]
  A group of pyrido-indole compounds. Included are any points of fusion of pyridine with the five-membered ring of indole and any derivatives of these compounds. These are similar to CARBAZOLES which are benzo-indoles.
  
• Carbon Tetrachloride [M0003376]
  A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone [M0003397]
  A proton ionophore. It is commonly used as an uncoupling agent and inhibitor of photosynthesis because of its effects on mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes.
  
• Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone [M0003398]
  A proton ionophore that is commonly used as an uncoupling agent in biochemical studies.
  
• Carboplatin [M0024707]
  An organoplatinum compound that possesses antineoplastic activity.
  
• Carboptic [M0467368]
  
• Carbosin [M0477268]
  
• Carbotec [M0477267]
  
• Carbowax 600 [M0017174]
  
• Carbowax-400 [M0373155]
  
• Carboxin [M0003400]
  A systemic agricultural fungicide and seed treatment agent.
  
• Carboxylic Acids [M0003405]
  Organic compounds containing the carboxy group (-COOH). This group of compounds includes amino acids and fatty acids. Carboxylic acids can be saturated, unsaturated, or aromatic.
  
• Carbutamide [M0003414]
  A sulfonylurea antidiabetic agent with similar actions and uses to CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277)
  
• Carbyl [M0467621]
  
• Cardanat [M0477841]
  
• Cardene [M0463035]
  
• Cardene I.V. [M0463038]
  
• Cardene SR [M0463036]
  
• Cardiazol [M0373142]
  
• Cardil [M0353525]
  
• Cardio-Green [M0353726]
  
• Cardiocap [M0353586]
  
• Cardiolite [M0352057]
  
• Cardiomax [M0450532]
  
• Cardiorythmine [M0431778]
  
• Cardioxane [M0018538]
  
• Cardizem [M0353526]
  
• Cardophyllin [M0432669]
  
• Cardura [M0026252]
  Trade name in United States.
  
• Carduran Neo [M0485266]
  
• Carfecillin [M0003482]
  The phenyl ester of CARBENICILLIN that, upon oral administration, is broken down in the intestinal mucosa to the active antibacterial. It is used for urinary tract infections.
  
• Carisoma [M0477278]
  
• Carisoprodol [M0003488]
  A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant whose mechanism of action is not completely understood but may be related to its sedative actions. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1202)
  
• Carlyt�ne [M0474460]
  
• Carmine [M0003489]
  Coloring matter from the insect Coccus cacti L. It is used in foods, pharmaceuticals, toiletries, etc., as a dye, and also has use as a microscopic stain and biological marker.
  
• Carminomycin II [M0003571]
  
• Carminomycin III [M0003572]
  
• Carmol [M0373262]
  
• Carmustine [M0003490]
  A cell-cycle phase nonspecific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumors and various other malignant neoplasms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p462) This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Carnitine [M0003493]
  Constituent of striated muscle and liver. It is used therapeutically to stimulate gastric and pancreatic secretions and in the treatment of hyperlipoproteinemias.
  
• Carophyll Red [M0351961]
  
• Carotaben [M0459879]
  
• Carotenes [M0370112]
  
• Carotenoids [M0003538]
  The general name for a group of fat-soluble pigments found in green, yellow, and leafy vegetables, and yellow fruits. They are aliphatic hydrocarbons consisting of a polyisoprene backbone.
  
• Carsil [M0019874]
  
• Carteolol [M0003563]
  A beta-adrenergic antagonist used as an anti-arrhythmia agent, an anti-angina agent, an antihypertensive agent, and an antiglaucoma agent.
  
• Carteolol Hydrochloride [M0003565]
  
• Carticaine [M0003566]
  A thiophene-containing local anesthetic pharmacologically similar to MEPIVACAINE.
  
• Carticaine Hydrochloride [M0492413]
  
• Carubicin [M0003573]
  A very toxic anthracycline-type antineoplastic related to DAUNORUBICIN, obtained from Actinomadura carminata.
  
• Carubicin Hydrochloride [M0003577]
  
• Carwin [M0350805]
  
• Carylderm [M0467622]
  
• Caryolysine [M0013167]
  
• Caryosan [M0373271]
  
• Casanthranol [M0003581]
  A concentrated mixture of anthranol glycosides derived from cascara sagrada.
  
• Cassadan [M0432031]
  
• Catapres [M0004615]
  
• Catechin [M0003638]
  An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.
  
• Catecholamines [M0003647]
  A general class of ortho-dihydroxyphenylalkylamines derived from tyrosine.
  
• Catechols [M0003648]
  A group of 1,2-benzenediols that contain the general formula R-C6H5O2.
  
• Catenanes [M0443666]
  Complex compounds where two cyclic molecules are interlaced together as links in a chain. They have potential use in NANOTECHNOLOGY.
  
• Catergen [M0003640]
  
• CB-1348 [M0372323]
  
• CB-154 [M0352818]
  
• CBA-93626 [M0352605]
  
• CBG [M0467168]
  
• CCC [M0004150]
  
• CCNU [M0012677]
  
• Cebutid [M0478661]
  
• Cecenu [M0463991]
  
• Ceclor [M0351076]
  
• Cedur [M0351460]
  
• CeeNU [M0012679]
  
• Ceepryn Chloride [M0003970]
  
• Cefaclor [M0003713]
  Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic derivative of CEPHALEXIN.
  
• Cefadroxil [M0003714]
  Long-acting, broad-spectrum, water-soluble, CEPHALEXIN derivative.
  
• Cefadyl [M0328941]
  
• C�faloject [M0477349]
  
• Cefalotina Normon [M0477343]
  
• Cefalotina Sodica Spaly [M0477344]
  
• Cefamandole [M0003716]
  Semisynthetic wide-spectrum cephalosporin with prolonged action, probably due to beta-lactamase resistance. It is used also as the nafate.
  
• Cefamedin [M0351016]
  
• Cefamezine [M0351015]
  
• Cefatrizine [M0003717]
  Orally active semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with broad-spectrum activity.
  
• Cefaxona [M0477854]
  
• Cefazolin [M0003718]
  A semisynthetic cephalosporin analog with broad-spectrum antibiotic action due to inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It attains high serum levels and is excreted quickly via the urine.
  
• Cefazolin Sodium [M0351014]
  
• Cefixime [M0328108]
  A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that is stable to hydrolysis by beta-lactamases.
  
• Cefizox [M0023555]
  
• Cefmax [M0023524]
  
• Cefmenoxime [M0023523]
  A cephalosporin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. It is active against most common gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, is a potent inhibitor of Enterobacteriaceae, and is highly resistant to hydrolysis by beta-lactamases. The drug has a high rate of efficacy in many types of infection and to date no severe side effects have been noted.
  
• Cefmenoxime Hydrochloride [M0023525]
  
• Cefmetazole [M0023575]
  A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. It has a high rate of efficacy in many types of infection and to date no severe side effects have been noted.
  
• Cefmetazole Sodium [M0351019]
  
• Cefmetazon [M0351018]
  
• Cefobid [M0351008]
  
• Cefonicid [M0024188]
  A second-generation cephalosporin administered intravenously or intramuscularly. Its bactericidal action results from inhibition of cell wall synthesis. It is used for urinary tract infections, lower respiratory tract infections, and soft tissue and bone infections.
  
• Cefonicid Disodium Salt [M0329458]
  
• Cefonicid Monosodium [M0329459]
  
• Cefoperazone [M0003720]
  Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that is resistant to beta-lactamase. It has been proposed especially against Pseudomonas infections.
  
• Cefoperazone Sodium [M0351007]
  
• Cefotaxime [M0003722]
  Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin.
  
• Cefotaxime Sodium [M0330933]
  
• Cefotetan [M0023580]
  A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The drug is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.
  
• Cefotetan Disodium [M0351043]
  
• Cefotiam [M0023572]
  One of the CEPHALOSPORINS that has a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.
  
• Cefotiam Hydrochloride [M0351050]
  
• Cefoxitin [M0003724]
  A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase.
  
• Cefoxitin Sodium [M0351046]
  
• Cefradil [M0477377]
  
• Cefsulodin [M0003727]
  A pyridinium-substituted semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibacterial used especially for Pseudomonas infections in debilitated patients.
  
• Cefsulodin Sodium [M0330934]
  
• Ceftazidime [M0003729]
  Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibacterial derived from CEPHALORIDINE and used especially for Pseudomonas and other gram-negative infections in debilitated patients.
  
• Ceftina [M0477342]
  
• Ceftizoxime [M0023550]
  A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic which can be administered intravenously or by suppository. The drug is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It has few side effects and is reported to be safe and effective in aged patients and in patients with hematologic disorders.
  
• Ceftizoxime Sodium [M0351052]
  
• Ceftotan [M0023579]
  
• Ceftrex [M0477855]
  
• Ceftriaxon Curamed [M0477858]
  
• Ceftriaxon Hexal [M0477859]
  
• Ceftriaxona Andreu [M0477860]
  
• Ceftriaxona LDP Torlan [M0477857]
  
• Ceftriaxone [M0003731]
  A broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic with a very long half-life and high penetrability to meninges, eyes and inner ears.
  
• Ceftriaxone Irex [M0477856]
  
• Ceftriaxone Sodium [M0330935]
  
• Ceftriaxone Sodium, Anhydrous [M0330936]
  
• Cefuroxime [M0003733]
  Broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase. It has been proposed for infections with gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, GONORRHEA, and HAEMOPHILUS.
  
• Celiprolol [M0026215]
  A cardioselective beta-1-adrenergic antagonist that may act as a partial agonist at some adrenergic sites.
  
• Celiprolol Monohydrochloride [M0350549]
  
• Celiprolol, (+,-)-Isomer [M0329369]
  
• Celiprolol, (R)-Isomer [M0329370]
  
• Celiprolol, (S)-Isomer [M0329371]
  
• Celiprolol, Monohydrochloride, (R)-Isomer [M0329367]
  
• Celiprolol, Monohydrochloride, (S)-Isomer [M0329366]
  
• cellblastin [M0476538]
  
• cellcristin [M0476544]
  
• Cellidrin [M0353789]
  
• Celocurine [M0351527]
  
• Celospor [M0003818]
  
• Celupan [M0462924]
  
• Centchroman [M0003797]
  A non-steroidal anti-fertility agent with anti-hormonal properties.
  
• Centramina [M0432470]
  
• Centrax [M0353491]
  
• Centroph�ne [M0476911]
  
• Centyl [M0459371]
  
• Cepacilina [M0459649]
  
• Cephacetrile [M0003817]
  A derivative of 7-aminocephalosporanic acid.
  
• Cephacetrile Sodium [M0330937]
  
• Cephalexin [M0003820]
  A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity similar to that of CEPHALORIDINE or CEPHALOTHIN, but somewhat less potent. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.
  
• Cephalexin Dihydride [M0330614]
  
• Cephalexin Hemihydrate [M0330616]
  
• Cephalexin Monohydrate [M0330941]
  
• Cephalexin Monohydrochloride [M0330613]
  
• Cephalexin Monohydrochloride, Monohydrate [M0330938]
  
• Cephalexin, (6R-(6alpha,7alpha(R*)))-Isomer [M0330615]
  
• Cephalexin, (6R-(6alpha,7beta(S*)))-Isomer [M0330610]
  
• Cephalexin, (6R-(6alpha,7beta))-Isomer [M0330676]
  
• Cephalexin, Monosodium Salt [M0330611]
  
• Cephalexin, Monosodium Salt, (6R-(6alpha,7beta))-Isomer [M0330612]
  
• Cephaloglycin [M0003822]
  A cephalorsporin antibiotic.
  
• Cephaloglycin Dihydrate [M0330617]
  
• Cephaloridine [M0003824]
  A cephalosporin antibiotic.
  
• Cephalosporanic Acids [M0028267]
  A family of organic compounds that are composed of a dihydrothiazine ring and a beta-lactam ring.
  
• Cephalothin [M0003828]
  A cephalosporin antibiotic.
  
• Cephapirin [M0003832]
  Cephalosporin antibiotic, partly plasma-bound, that is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.
  
• Cephapirin Sodium [M0003833]
  
• Cephradine [M0003834]
  A semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic.
  
• Cephradine Dihydrate [M0330621]
  
• Cephradine, Non-Stoichiometric Hydrate [M0330620]
  
• Ceplene [M0455955]
  Tradename for histamine dihydrochloride.
  
• Ceporexine [M0363531]
  
• Ceporin [M0354283]
  
• Ceradolan [M0023573]
  
• Cercobin M-70 [M0021368]
  
• Cerebramed [M0432297]
  
• Cerebroforte [M0474896]
  
• Cerebrovase [M0485238]
  
• Cerebroxine [M0353111]
  
• Cerepar N [M0474897]
  
• Ceresan [M0352115]
  
• Cerespan [M0015831]
  
• Ceretec [M0351239]
  
• CERM-1978 [M0024155]
  
• Cerubidine [M0005684]
  
• Cerucal [M0350876]
  
• Cerulenin [M0003925]
  Antifungal antibiotic isolated from several species, including Acremonium (Cephalosporium), Acrocylindrum, and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function and is used as a biochemical tool.
  
• Cerutil [M0351753]
  
• Cesium Trifluoroacetate [M0021956]
  
• Cesol [M0475493]
  
• Ceta Sulfa [M0475857]
  
• Cetalerg [M0477947]
  
• Cetamide [M0475858]
  
• Cetamium [M0003972]
  
• Ceterifug [M0477948]
  
• Ceti TAD [M0477949]
  
• Ceti-Puren [M0477950]
  
• Cetiderm [M0477951]
  
• Cetidura [M0477952]
  
• Cetil von ct [M0477953]
  
• CetiLich [M0477954]
  
• Cetimil [M0476697]
  
• Cetiprin [M0007265]
  
• Cetirigamma [M0477955]
  
• Cetirizin AL [M0477957]
  
• Cetirizin AZU [M0477958]
  
• Cetirizin Basics [M0477959]
  
• Cetirizine [M0026321]
  A potent second-generation histamine H1 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and pollen-induced asthma. Unlike many traditional antihistamines, it does not cause drowsiness or anticholinergic side effects.
  
• Cetirizine Dihydrochloride [M0026323]
  
• Cetirlan [M0477946]
  
• Cetomacrogol [M0003965]
  Non-ionic surfactant of the polyethylene glycol family. It is used as a solubilizer and emulsifying agent in foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals, often as an ointment base, and also as a research tool.
  
• Cetomacrogol 1000 [M0003966]
  
• Cetrexin [M0351752]
  
• Cetrimides [M0003967]
  
• Cetrimonium Compounds [M0003968]
  Cetyltrimethylammonium compounds that have cationic detergent, antiseptic, and disinfectant activities. They are used in pharmaceuticals, foods, and cosmetics as preservatives; on skin, mucous membranes, etc., as antiseptics or cleansers, and also as emulsifiers. These compounds are toxic when used orally due to neuromuscular blockade.
  
• Cetylpyridinium [M0003973]
  Cationic bactericidal surfactant used as a topical antiseptic for skin, wounds, mucous membranes, instruments, etc.; and also as a component in mouthwash and lozenges.
  
• Cetylpyridinium Chloride [M0003974]
  
• Cetylyre [M0478047]
  
• Cevadine [M0022611]
  
• Cevanes [M0003979]
  Structurally-related alkaloids that contain the cevane carbon backbone.
  
• CGP-14221-E [M0351049]
  
• CGP-2175 [M0350811]
  
• CGP-7174-E [M0351068]
  
• CGS-16949A [M0026295]
  
• CH-13437 [M0351589]
  
• Chalcone [M0003983]
  
• Chalcones [M0456658]
  Compounds based on CHALCONE. They are important intermediates in the formation of FLAVONOIDS.
  
• Chelaton 3 [M0007073]
  
• Chem mart Moclobemide [M0474401]
  
• Chemet [M0475786]
  
• Chiclida [M0473871]
  
• Chimax [M0482789]
  
• Chiniofon [M0010782]
  
• Chinoform [M0011657]
  
• Chinofungin [M0350946]
  
• Chinosol [M0353876]
  
• Chirurcoll [M0351406]
  
• Chlo-Amine [M0478187]
  
• Chloditan [M0351883]
  
• Chlodithane [M0351882]
  
• Chlophazolin [M0004614]
  
• Chlor-100 [M0478184]
  
• Chlor-Trimeton [M0004193]
  
• Chlor-Tripolon [M0478188]
  
• Chloraethyl Dr. Henning [M0477824]
  
• Chloral Hydrate [M0004114]
  A hypnotic and sedative used in the treatment of insomnia. The safety margin is too narrow for chloral hydrate to be used as a general anesthetic in humans, but it is commonly used for that purpose in animal experiments. It is no longer considered useful as an anti-anxiety medication.
  
• Chlorambucil [M0004118]
  A nitrogen mustard alkylating agent used as antineoplastic for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and others. Although it is less toxic than most other nitrogen mustards, it has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Chloramines [M0004120]
  
• Chloramphenicol [M0004121]
  An antibiotic first isolated from cultures of Streptomyces venequelae in 1947 but now produced synthetically. It has a relatively simple structure and was the first broad-spectrum antibiotic to be discovered. It acts by interfering with bacterial protein synthesis and is mainly bacteriostatic. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p106)
  
• Chloranil [M0004130]
  A quinone fungicide used for treatment of seeds and foliage.
  
• Chlorazepate [M0004627]
  
• Chlorazine [M0004201]
  
• Chlordan [M0004132]
  A highly poisonous organochlorine insecticide. The EPA has cancelled registrations of pesticides containing this compound with the exception of its use through subsurface ground insertion for termite control and the dipping of roots or tops of non-food plants. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Chlordecone [M0011942]
  A highly chlorinated polycyclic hydrocarbon insecticide whose large number of chlorine atoms makes it resistant to degradation. It has been shown to be toxic to mammals and causes abnormal cellular changes in laboratory animals.
  
• Chlordelazine [M0354102]
  
• Chlordiazepoxide [M0004133]
  An anxiolytic benzodiazepine derivative with anticonvulsant, sedative, and amnesic properties. It has also been used in the symptomatic treatment of alcohol withdrawal.
  
• Chlordiazepoxide Hydrobromide [M0330627]
  
• Chlordiazepoxide Hydrochloride [M0330625]
  
• Chlordiazepoxide Perchlorate [M0330624]
  
• Chlorhexidine [M0004138]
  A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.
  
• Chlorhexidine Acetate [M0004139]
  
• Chlorhexidine Hydrochloride [M0004140]
  
• Chloridin [M0373206]
  
• Chloriguane [M0350948]
  
• Chlorinecolinchloride [M0004151]
  
• Chlorisept [M0476660]
  
• Chlorisondamine [M0004145]
  A nicotinic antagonist used primarily as a ganglionic blocker in animal research. It has been used as an antihypertensive agent but has been supplanted by more specific drugs in most clinical applications.
  
• Chlorisondamine Chloride [M0004146]
  
• Chlormequat [M0004152]
  
• Chlormerodrin [M0004155]
  A mercurial compound that has been used as a diuretic but is now superseded by more potent and less toxic drugs. The radiolabeled form has been used as a diagnostic and research tool.
  
• Chlormethiazole [M0004156]
  A sedative and anticonvulsant often used in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Chlormethiazole has also been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic activity is not entirely clear, but it does potentiate GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptors response and it may also affect glycine receptors.
  
• Chlormezanone [M0004158]
  A non-benzodiazepine that is used in the management of anxiety. It has been suggested for use in the treatment of muscle spasm.
  
• Chlornitromycin [M0004123]
  
• Chloroacetophenone [M0004159]
  
• Chlorobenzenes [M0004161]
  
• Chlorobenzoates [M0004162]
  Benzoic acid or benzoic acid esters substituted with one or more chlorine atoms.
  
• Chlorocholine Chloride [M0004153]
  
• Chlorocid [M0004124]
  
• Chlorofluorocarbons [M0026416]
  A series of hydrocarbons containing both chlorine and fluorine. These have been used as refrigerants, blowing agents, cleaning fluids, solvents, and as fire extinguishing agents. They have been shown to cause stratospheric ozone depletion and have been banned for many uses.
  
• Chlorofluorocarbons, Methane [M0359611]
  A group of methane-based halogenated hydrocarbons containing one or more fluorine and chlorine atoms.
  
• Chloroform [M0004164]
  A commonly used laboratory solvent. It was previously used as an anesthetic, but was banned from use in the U.S. due to its suspected carcinogenicity.
  
• Chlorogenic Acid [M0004165]
  A naturally occurring phenolic acid which is a carcinogenic inhibitor. It has also been shown to prevent paraquat-induced oxidative stress in rats. (From J Chromatogr A 1996;741(2):223-31; Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 1996;60(5):765-68).
  
• Chloroguanide [M0004166]
  A biguanide compound which has little antimalarial activity until metabolized in the body to the active antimalarial agent cycloguanil. The usefulness of proguanil is limited by the rapid development of drug resistance by the malarial parasite. The hydrochloride is used for the casual prophylaxis of falciparum malaria, to suppress other forms of malaria, and to reduce transmission of infection (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p405)
  
• Chloroguanide Hydrochloride [M0004168]
  
• Chlorohydrins [M0004169]
  Any of the compounds derived from a group of glycols or polyhydroxy alcohols by chlorine substitution for part of the hydroxyl groups. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
  
• Chloromercuribenzene-p-sulphonic Acid [M0004173]
  
• Chloromercuribenzoates [M0004170]
  Chloride and mercury-containing derivatives of benzoic acid.
  
• Chloromercurinitrophenols [M0004171]
  Mercuriphenols substituted with one or more chlorine atoms and one or more nitro groups. Some of these are sulfhydryl reagents which act as chromophoric probes in enzymes and other proteins.
  
• Chloromycetin [M0004122]
  
• Chlorophenols [M0004174]
  Phenols substituted with one or more chlorine atoms in any position.
  
• Chlorophyll [M0004175]
  Porphyrin derivatives containing magnesium that act to convert light energy in photosynthetic organisms.
  
• Chlorophyll 740 [M0004176]
  
• Chlorophyllides [M0004177]
  Products of the hydrolysis of chlorophylls in which the phytic acid side chain has been removed and the carboxylic acids saponified.
  
• Chloroprene [M0004180]
  Toxic, possibly carcinogenic, monomer of neoprene, a synthetic rubber; causes damage to skin, lungs, CNS, kidneys, liver, blood cells and fetuses. Synonym: 2-chlorobutadiene.
  
• Chloroquine [M0004182]
  The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.
  
• Chloroquine Sulfate [M0353850]
  
• Chloroquinolinols [M0004185]
  8-Hydroxyquinolinols chlorinated on the number 5 and/or 7 carbon atom(s). They are antibacterial, antiprotozoal, and antidiarrheal, especially in amebiasis, and have also been used as antiseborrheics. The compounds are mostly used topically, but have been used also as animal feed additives. They may cause optic and other neuropathies and are most frequently administered in combination with other agents.
  
• Chlorothiazide [M0004186]
  A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p812)
  
• Chlorotrianisene [M0004187]
  A powerful synthetic, non-steroidal estrogen.
  
• Chlorphed [M0465097]
  
• Chlorphenamidine [M0004188]
  An acaricide used against many organophosphate and carbamate resistant pests. It acts as an uncoupling agent and monoamine oxidase inhibitor.
  
• Chlorphenesin [M0004189]
  A centrally acting muscle relaxant. Its mode of action is unknown. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1203)
  
• Chlorpheniramine [M0004190]
  A histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma. It has also been used in veterinary applications. One of the most widely used of the classical antihistaminics, it generally causes less drowsiness and sedation than PROMETHAZINE.
  
• Chlorpheniramine Maleate [M0004192]
  
• Chlorphentermine [M0004194]
  A sympathomimetic agent that was formerly used as an anorectic. It has properties similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It has been implicated in lipid storage disorders and pulmonary hypertension. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1223)
  
• Chlorphentermine Hydrochloride [M0004195]
  
• Chlorpro [M0478185]
  
• Chlorpromazine [M0004198]
  The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.
  
• Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride [M0363614]
  
• Chlorpropamide [M0004204]
  A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277)
  
• Chlorpropham [M0004206]
  A carbamate that is used as an herbicide and as a plant growth regulator.
  
• Chlorprothixene [M0004207]
  A thioxanthine with effects similar to the phenothiazine antipsychotics.
  
• Chlorquinaldol [M0004208]
  Local anti-infective agent used for skin, gastrointestinal, and vaginal infections with fungi, protozoa, and certain bacteria. In animals, it causes central nervous system damage and is not administered parenterally. It is also used as antiseptic, fungistat, or deodorant.
  
• Chlorspan 12 [M0478183]
  
• Chlortab-4 [M0478182]
  
• Chlortetracycline [M0004211]
  A TETRACYCLINE with a 7-chloro substitution.
  
• Chlortetracycline Bisulfate [M0004213]
  
• Chlortetracycline Hydrochloride [M0330638]
  
• Chlortetracycline Monohydrochloride [M0330640]
  
• Chlortetracycline Sulfate (1:1) [M0330636]
  
• Chlortetracycline Sulfate (2:1) [M0330641]
  
• Chlortetracycline, 4-Epimer [M0330635]
  
• Chlortetracycline, Calcium Salt [M0330639]
  
• Chlorthalidone [M0004215]
  A benzenesulfonamide-phthalimidine that tautomerizes to a BENZOPHENONES form. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic.
  
• Chlorzoxazone [M0004217]
  A centrally acting central muscle relaxant with sedative properties. It is claimed to inhibit muscle spasm by exerting an effect primarily at the level of the spinal cord and subcortical areas of the brain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoea, 30th ed, p1202)
  
• Chlozepid [M0004135]
  
• Cholestil [M0361691]
  
• Cholestyramine [M0004278]
  A strongly basic anion exchange resin whose main constituent is polystyrene trimethylbenzylammonium as Cl(-) anion. It exchanges chloride ions with bile salts, thus decreasing their concentration and that of cholesterol. It is used as a hypocholesteremic in diarrhea and biliary obstruction, and as an antipruritic.
  
• Cholevid [M0351851]
  
• Choline [M0004283]
  A basic constituent of lecithin that is found in many plants and animal organs. It is important as a precursor of acetylcholine, as a methyl donor in various metabolic processes, and in lipid metabolism.
  
• Choline Bitartrate [M0004284]
  
• Choline Chloride [M0004285]
  
• Choline Citrate [M0004286]
  
• Choline O-Sulfate [M0004287]
  
• Cholografin [M0351685]
  
• Choloxin [M0006145]
  
• Chondroitin Sulfate, Potassium Salt [M0330648]
  
• Chorismic Acid [M0004344]
  A cyclohexadiene carboxylic acid derived from SHIKIMIC ACID and a precursor for the biosynthesis of UBIQUINONE and the AROMATIC AMINO ACIDS.
  
• Chromans [M0004366]
  Benzopyrans saturated in the 2 and 3 positions.
  
• Chromium (2+) Oxalate [M0329899]
  
• Chromium (3+) Oxalate (3:2) [M0329890]
  
• Chromium Oxalate [M0015625]
  
• Chromomycin [M0004397]
  
• Chromomycin A3 [M0021737]
  Glycosidic antibiotic from Streptomyces griseus used as a fluorescent stain of DNA and as an antineoplastic agent.
  
• Chromomycins [M0004396]
  A complex of several closely related glycosidic antibiotics from Streptomyces griseus. The major component, CHROMOMYCIN A3, is used as a fluorescent stain of DNA where it attaches and inhibits RNA synthesis. It is also used as an antineoplastic agent, especially for solid tumors.
  
• Chromonar [M0004398]
  A coronary vasodilator agent.
  
• Chromonar Hydrochloride [M0330662]
  
• Chromones [M0004402]
  
• Chromosmon [M0354117]
  
• Chrysenes [M0004452]
  1,2-Benzphenanthrenes. POLYCYCLIC COMPOUNDS obtained from coal tar.
  
• CI-52040 [M0354141]
  
• CI-581 [M0011980]
  
• CI-628 [M0014909]
  
• CI-634 [M0021531]
  
• CI-716 [M0023150]
  
• CI-888 [M0026205]
  
• CI-898 [M0353846]
  
• CI-919 [M0353772]
  
• Cialit [M0004471]
  Tissue preservative.
  
• CIBA 32.644 BA [M0353322]
  
• Ciclofalina [M0474898]
  
• Cidex [M0350826]
  
• CiL [M0478144]
  
• Cilazapril [M0026294]
  One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors) used for hypertension. It is a prodrug that is hydrolyzed after absorption to its main metabolite cilazaprilat.
  
• Cilazapril Hydrate [M0329301]
  
• Cilazapril Monohydrobromide [M0329302]
  
• Cilazapril, (S*)-Isomer [M0329300]
  
• Cilazapril, Anhydrous [M0329303]
  
• Cilpen [M0485052]
  
• Cimetidine [M0004479]
  A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRINS output. It also blocks the activity of CYTOCHROME P-450 which might explain proposals for use in NEOADJUVANT THERAPY.
  
• Cimetidine Hydrochloride [M0423990]
  
• Cinanserin [M0004484]
  A serotonin antagonist with limited antihistaminic, anticholinergic, and immunosuppressive activity.
  
• Cinanserin Hydrochloride [M0351715]
  
• Cinarizina Inkey [M0478427]
  
• Cinarizina Ratiopharm [M0478428]
  
• Cinazi�re [M0478426]
  
• Cincain [M0350887]
  
• Cinchona Alkaloids [M0004487]
  Alkaloids extracted from various species of Cinchona.
  
• Cinfamar [M0485119]
  
• Cinna [M0478425]
  
• Cinnamates [M0004490]
  
• Cinnarizin AL [M0478429]
  
• Cinnarizin Siegfried [M0478430]
  
• Cinnarizine [M0004492]
  A piperazine derivative having histamine H1-receptor and calcium-channel blocking activity with vasodilating and antiemetic properties but it induces PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS.
  
• Cinnarizine L-Tartrate [M0331354]
  
• Cinnarizine L-Tartrate (1:1) [M0331356]
  
• Cinnarizine, (E)-Isomer [M0331353]
  
• Cinnarizine, Dihydrochloride [M0331355]
  
• Cinnipirine [M0478424]
  
• Cinobac [M0004496]
  
• Cinoxacin [M0004495]
  Synthetic antimicrobial related to OXOLINIC ACID and NALIDIXIC ACID and used in URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.
  
• Ciprinol [M0353989]
  
• Cipro [M0004499]
  
• Ciprofloxacin [M0004498]
  A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.
  
• Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride [M0361510]
  
• Circanol [M0352814]
  
• Circo-Maren [M0463055]
  
• Circupon [M0350531]
  
• Cisaken [M0478423]
  
• Cisapride [M0029858]
  A substituted benzamide used for its prokinetic properties. It is used in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia, and other disorders associated with impaired gastrointestinal motility. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)
  
• Cisordinol [M0004621]
  
• Citalopram [M0023529]
  A furancarbonitrile that is one of the SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS used as an antidepressant. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from tardive dyskinesia in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate this condition.
  
• Citanest [M0017572]
  
• Citomid [M0476545]
  
• Citraconic Anhydrides [M0004513]
  Methylmaleic anhydrides.
  
• Citrate [M0028795]
  
• Citrate de B�ta�ne UPSA [M0460095]
  
• Citrates [M0004515]
  
• Citric Acid [M0028793]
  A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.
  
• Citrinin [M0004517]
  Antibiotic and mycotoxin from Aspergillus niveus and Penicillium citrinum.
  
• Citrovorum Factor [M0004520]
  
• CL-11366 [M0350889]
  
• Cl-227193 [M0351117]
  
• CL-232325 [M0350507]
  
• CL-297939 [M0350808]
  
• CL-395 [M0373872]
  
• CL-67,772 [M0354080]
  
• CL-71,563 [M0012712]
  
• Claforan [M0354280]
  
• Clamoxyl [M0353673]
  
• Claramid [M0475119]
  
• Clarithromycin [M0026249]
  A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from ERYTHROMYCIN that is active against a variety of microorganisms. It can inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. This inhibits the translocation of aminoacyl transfer-RNA and prevents peptide chain elongation.
  
• Claritin [M0350542]
  
• Clarium [M0350543]
  
• Clavigrenin [M0485096]
  
• Clavulanate [M0372713]
  
• Clavulanic Acid [M0029416]
  Clavulanic acid and its salts and esters. The acid is a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes from Streptomyces clavuligerus. Administered alone, it has only weak antibacterial activity against most organisms, but given in combination with beta-lactam antibiotics prevents antibiotic inactivation by microbial lactamase.
  
• Clavulanic Acid, Monopotassium Salt [M0329136]
  
• Clavulanic Acid, Monosodium Salt [M0329135]
  
• Clavulanic Acids [M0004546]
  Acids, salts, and derivatives of clavulanic acid (C8H9O5N). They consist of those beta-lactam compounds that differ from penicillin in having the sulfur of the thiazolidine ring replaced by an oxygen. They have limited antibacterial action, but block bacterial beta-lactamase irreversibly, so that similar antibiotics are not broken down by the bacterial enzymes and therefore can exert their antibacterial effects.
  
• Clavulin [M0351091]
  
• Clear Eyes [M0462943]
  
• Clearasil Daily Face Wash [M0476890]
  
• Clemastine [M0004551]
  A histamine H1 antagonist used as the hydrogen fumarate in hay fever, rhinitis, allergic skin conditions, and pruritus. It causes drowsiness.
  
• Clemastine Fumarate [M0004553]
  
• Clenbuterol [M0004556]
  A substituted phenylaminoethanol that has beta-2 adrenomimetic properties at very low doses. It is used as a bronchodilator in asthma.
  
• Cl�ridium [M0485236]
  
• Clerodane Diterpenes [M0414723]
  
• Clinitar [M0372331]
  
• Clinium [M0353371]
  
• Clinoril [M0020811]
  
• Clioquinol [M0011656]
  A potentially neurotoxic 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative long used as a topical anti-infective, intestinal antiamebic, and vaginal trichomonacide. The oral preparation has been shown to cause subacute myelo-optic neuropathy and has been banned worldwide.
  
• Clodronate Disodium [M0475707]
  
• Clofazimine [M0004579]
  A fat-soluble riminophenazine dye used for the treatment of leprosy. It has been used investigationally in combination with other antimycobacterial drugs to treat Mycobacterium avium infections in AIDS patients. Clofazimine also has a marked anti-inflammatory effect and is given to control the leprosy reaction, erythema nodosum leprosum. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p1619)
  
• Clofenapate [M0004581]
  An oral hypolipemic agent in dogs and rats.
  
• Clofibrate [M0004582]
  A fibric acid derivative used in the treatment of HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE III and severe HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p986)
  
• Clofibric Acid [M0004584]
  An antilipemic agent and the biologically active metabolite of CLOFIBRATE.
  
• Clomid [M0004596]
  
• Clomiphene [M0004586]
  A triphenyl ethylene stilbene derivative which is an estrogen agonist or antagonist depending on the target tissue.
  
• Clomiphene Citrate [M0004595]
  
• Clomiphene Hydrochloride [M0331364]
  
• Clomipramine [M0004598]
  A tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE that selectively inhibits the uptake of serotonin in the brain. It is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and demethylated in the liver to form its primary active metabolite, desmethylclomipramine.
  
• Clomipramine Hydrochloride [M0004600]
  
• Clomipramine Maleate (1:1) [M0330564]
  
• Clomipramine Monohydrochloride [M0330566]
  
• Clonazepam [M0004601]
  An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptor responses.
  
• Clonidine [M0004605]
  An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Clonidine acts centrally by reducing sympathetic tone, resulting in a fall in diastolic and systolic blood pressure and a reduction in heart rate. It also acts peripherally, and this peripheral activity may be responsible for the transient increase in blood pressure seen during rapid intravenous administration. (From Martindale, the Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p350)
  
• Clonidine Dihydrochloride [M0330569]
  
• Clonidine Hydrochloride [M0004608]
  
• Clonidine Monohydrobromide [M0330567]
  
• Clonidine Monohydrochloride [M0330568]
  
• Clonitralide [M0014828]
  
• Clonixin [M0004617]
  Anti-inflammatory analgesic.
  
• Clonofilin [M0432671]
  
• Clont [M0013698]
  
• Clopamide [M0004620]
  A sulfamoylbenzamide piperidine. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic.
  
• Clopenthixol [M0004622]
  A thioxanthene with therapeutic actions similar to the phenothiazine antipsychotics. It is an antagonist at D1 and D2 dopamine receptors.
  
• Clopidol [M0004624]
  A very effective anticoccidial agent used in poultry.
  
• Cloramin [M0351947]
  
• Clorazepate Dipotassium [M0004628]
  A water-soluble benzodiazepine derivative effective in the treatment of anxiety. It has also muscle relaxant and anticonvulsant actions.
  
• Clorazepate Monopotassium [M0004629]
  
• Cloretilo Chemirosa [M0477825]
  
• Clorgyline [M0004631]
  An antidepressive agent and monoamine oxidase inhibitor related to PARGYLINE.
  
• Clotrimazole [M0004642]
  An imidazole derivative with a broad spectrum of antimycotic activity. It inhibits biosynthesis of the sterol ergostol, an important component of fungal cell membranes. Its action leads to increased membrane permeability and apparent disruption of enzyme systems bound to the membrane.
  
• Clove Oil [M0007942]
  An oil from flower buds of SYZYGIUM trees which contains large amounts of EUGENOL.
  
• Cloxacillin [M0004647]
  A semi-synthetic antibiotic that is a chlorinated derivative of OXACILLIN.
  
• Cloxacillin Sodium [M0004648]
  
• Clozapine [M0004649]
  A tricylic dibenzodiazepine, classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds several types of central nervous system receptors, and displays a unique pharmacological profile. Clozapine is a serotonin antagonist, with strong binding to 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtype. It also displays strong affinity to several dopaminergic receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, a receptor commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity. Agranulocytosis is a major adverse effect associated with administration of this agent.
  
• Clozaril [M0354010]
  
• CME-Carbodiimide [M0004653]
  
• CMW Bone Cement [M0353335]
  
• CN-55,945-27 [M0369484]
  
• Coal Tar [M0004660]
  A by-product of the destructive distillation of coal used as a topical antieczematic. It is an antipruritic and keratoplastic agent used also in the treatment of psoriasis and other skin conditions. Occupational exposure to soots, tars, and certain mineral oils is known to be carcinogenic according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985) (Merck Index, 11th ed).
  
• Cobalamins [M0022795]
  
• Cobalt Deuteroporphyrin [M0006096]
  
• Cobamides [M0004665]
  
• Coban [M0353181]
  
• Cobefrine [M0013654]
  
• Cocaine [M0004670]
  An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.
  
• Cocaine Hydrochloride [M0330572]
  
• Coccidot [M0350870]
  
• Coccinellin [M0350503]
  
• Codeine [M0004700]
  An opioid analgesic related to MORPHINE but with less potent analgesic properties and mild sedative effects. It also acts centrally to suppress cough.
  
• Codeine Phosphate [M0330573]
  
• Codinovo [M0450395]
  
• Coenzyme M [M0023195]
  
• Coffeinum N [M0466579]
  
• Coffeinum Purrum [M0466580]
  
• Cogentin [M0045521]
  
• Cogentinol [M0459462]
  
• Cognex [M0021010]
  
• Colace [M0006490]
  
• Colcemide [M0352765]
  
• Colchicine [M0004732]
  A major alkaloid from Colchicum autumnale L. and found also in other Colchicum species. Its primary therapeutic use is in the treatment of gout, but it has been used also in the therapy of familial Mediterranean fever (PERIODIC DISEASE).
  
• Colchicine, (+-)-Isomer [M0330574]
  
• Colchicine, (R)-Isomer [M0330575]
  
• Colesterinex [M0352572]
  
• Colestid [M0004740]
  
• Colestipol [M0004739]
  Highly crosslinked and insoluble basic anion exchange resin used as anticholesteremic. It may also may reduce triglyceride levels.
  
• Colestipol Hydrochloride [M0423709]
  
• Colfarit [M0001872]
  
• Colirio Alfa [M0462903]
  
• Coliriocilina [M0477239]
  
• Coliriocilina Sulfacetam [M0475859]
  
• Collodion [M0004799]
  A nitrocellulose solution in ether and alcohol. Collodion has a wide range of uses in industry including applications in the manufacture of photographic film, in fibers, in lacquers, and in engraving and lithography. In medicine it is used as a drug solvent and a wound sealant.
  
• Colo-Pleon [M0475928]
  
• Combactam [M0475792]
  
• Combantrin [M0353426]
  
• Commercial Oils [M0011257]
  
• Compazine [M0017621]
  
• Complamin [M0352646]
  
• Compomers [M0328181]
  Composite materials composed of an ion-leachable glass embedded in a polymeric matrix. They differ from GLASS IONOMER CEMENTS in that partially silanized glass particles are used to provide a direct bond to the resin matrix and the matrix is primarily formed by a light-activated, radical polymerization reaction.
  
• Compound 112531 [M0353117]
  
• Compound 48-80 [M0004944]
  
• Compound 545 [M0351690]
  
• Compound 64716 [M0352531]
  
• Compound 67-20 [M0353581]
  
• Compound 83405 [M0354276]
  
• Concentrat VO 18 [M0467623]
  
• Concise [M0329217]
  
• Concise Enamel Bond [M0329219]
  
• Concise White Sealant [M0329220]
  
• Conclude [M0361918]
  
• Concor [M0026257]
  
• Condyline [M0475067]
  
• Condylox [M0369529]
  
• Congo Red [M0005003]
  An acid dye used in testing for hydrochloric acid in gastric contents. It is also used histologically to test for AMYLOIDOSIS.
  
• Conray 420 [M0351696]
  
• Conray 60 [M0350801]
  
• Constant-T [M0362256]
  
• Contac Husten-Trunk [M0451988]
  
• Conteben [M0352346]
  
• Contimit [M0476174]
  
• Contomin [M0354101]
  
• Contraflam [M0473888]
  
• Contramareo [M0485123]
  
• Controlip [M0478145]
  
• Copal [M0476025]
  
• Copper EDTA [M0007063]
  
• Coprin [M0007074]
  
• Coproporphyrinogens [M0005158]
  Porphyrinogens which are intermediates in the heme biosynthesis. They have four methyl and four propionic acid side chains attached to the pyrrole rings. Coproporphyrinogens I and III are formed in the presence of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase from the corresponding uroporphyrinogen. They can yield coproporphyrins by autooxidation or protoporphyrin by oxidative decarboxylation.
  
• Coproporphyrins [M0005159]
  Porphyrins with four methyl and four propionic acid side chains attached to the pyrrole rings. Elevated levels of Coproporphyrin III in the urine and feces are major findings in patients with HEREDITARY COPROPORPHYRIA.
  
• Coramin [M0352616]
  
• Coramine [M0352617]
  
• Corasol [M0373141]
  
• Corbadrine [M0013657]
  
• Corbionax [M0433215]
  
• Cordarone [M0433210]
  
• Cordemcura [M0433452]
  
• Cordiamine [M0352618]
  
• Cordipin [M0369479]
  
• Cordium [M0024156]
  
• Corgard [M0014412]
  
• Coriban [M0350843]
  
• Corinfar [M0369478]
  
• Corlopam [M0028175]
  
• Cormelian [M0006431]
  
• Cornutamine [M0007664]
  
• Corontin [M0351219]
  
• Corophyllin [M0432689]
  
• Corotrope [M0474337]
  
• Corpea [M0474433]
  
• Corrinoids [M0050121]
  Cyclic TETRAPYRROLES based on the corrin skeleton.
  
• Corvaton [M0353346]
  
• Corwin [M0350804]
  
• Corynanthine [M0353126]
  
• Corynanthine Tartrate [M0023103]
  
• Coslan [M0473889]
  
• Cotinine [M0005249]
  The N-glucuronide conjugate of cotinine is a major urinary metabolite of NICOTINE. It thus serves as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco SMOKING. It has CNS stimulating properties.
  
• Coumadin [M0022874]
  
• Coumadine [M0476573]
  
• Coumaric Acids [M0005257]
  Hydroxycinnamic acid and its derivatives. Act as activators of the indoleacetic acid oxidizing system, thereby producing a decrease in the endogenous level of bound indoleacetic acid in plants.
  
• Coumarins [M0005258]
  Synthetic or naturally occurring substances related to coumarin, the delta-lactone of coumarinic acid. The various coumarins have a wide range of proposed actions and uses including as ANTICOAGULANTS, pharmaceutical aids, indicators and reagents, photoreactive substances, and ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS.
  
• Coumestrol [M0005259]
  A daidzein derivative occurring naturally in forage crops which has some estrogenic activity.
  
• Coversan [M0352342]
  
• Cozaar [M0457185]
  
• CP-12,574 [M0352087]
  
• CP-16171 [M0373882]
  
• CP-45899 [M0351143]
  
• CP-556S [M0373889]
  
• CP-62993 [M0352011]
  
• CP-89044 [M0392717]
  
• CP-90033 [M0392718]
  
• CPH86 [M0017089]
  
• Crack Cocaine [M0025291]
  The purified, alkaloidal, extra-potent form of cocaine. It is smoked (free-based), injected intravenously, and orally ingested. Use of crack results in alterations in function of the cardiovascular system, the autonomic nervous system, the central nervous system, and the gastrointestinal system. The slang term "crack" was derived from the crackling sound made upon igniting of this form of cocaine for smoking.
  
• Cranioplast [M0029999]
  
• CRD-401 [M0006433]
  
• Creatinine [M0005300]
  
• Creatinine Sulfate Salt [M0005301]
  
• Cresols [M0005307]
  
• Cripar [M0485091]
  
• Crisinor [M0440875]
  
• Crixivan [M0372273]
  
• Cromakalim [M0029396]
  A potassium-channel opening vasodilator that has been investigated in the management of hypertension. It has also been tried in patients with asthma. (Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p352)
  
• Cromakalim, (3R-cis)-Isomer [M0329128]
  
• Cromakalim, (3R-trans)-Isomer [M0329133]
  
• Cromakalim, (3S-cis)-Isomer [M0329129]
  
• Cromakalim, (trans)-Isomer [M0329131]
  
• Cromoglycate [M0006575]
  
• Cromolyn [M0330463]
  
• Cromolyn Sodium [M0006576]
  A chromone complex that acts by inhibiting the release of chemical mediators from sensitized mast cells. It is used in the prophylactic treatment of both allergic and exercise-induced asthma, but does not affect an established asthmatic attack.
  
• Crospovidone [M0351816]
  
• Crown Compounds [M0456957]
  Macrocyclic compounds analogous to CROWN ETHERS but which lack any OXYGEN atoms.
  
• Crown Ethers [M0007830]
  Macrocyclic polyethers with the repeating unit of (-CH2-CH2-O)n where n is greater than 2 and some oxygens may be replaced by nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus. These compounds are useful for coordinating CATIONS. The nomenclature uses a prefix to indicate the size of the ring and a suffix for the number of heteroatoms.
  
• Cryptands [M0443654]
  Macropolycyclic poly-aza-polyethers that are ether chains linked by three-coordinate nitrogen atoms.
  
• Cryptates [M0443653]
  Bicyclic crown compounds.
  
• Cryptenamine [M0017922]
  
• Crystapen [M0477334]
  
• CS-1170 [M0351017]
  
• CS-514 [M0350930]
  
• Cuemid [M0004279]
  
• Cuman L [M0023142]
  
• Cumulenes [M0492289]
  Compounds with four adjacent carbons joined by double bonds.
  
• Cuprizone [M0005418]
  Copper chelator that inhibits monoamine oxidase and causes liver and brain damage.
  
• Curantil [M0374377]
  
• Curare [M0005419]
  Plant extracts from several species, including Strychnos toxifera, S. castelnaei, S. crevauxii, and Chondodendron tomentosum, that produce paralysis of skeletal muscle and are used adjunctively with general anesthesia. These extracts are toxic and must be used with the administration of artificial respiration.
  
• Curatin [M0476661]
  
• Curban [M0485040]
  
• Curcumin [M0005421]
  A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.
  
• Cuvalit [M0463974]
  
• Cuxabrain [M0474899]
  
• Cuxafenon [M0475998]
  
• CV-705 [M0021885]
  
• Cyanates [M0005436]
  Organic salts of cyanic acid containing the -OCN radical.
  
• Cyanidanol-3 [M0003642]
  
• Cyanine Dye DiS-C2-(5) [M0006612]
  
• Cyanoacrylates [M0005439]
  A group of compounds having the general formula CH2=C(CN)-COOR; it polymerizes on contact with moisture; used as tissue adhesive; higher homologs have hemostatic and antibacterial properties.
  
• Cyater [M0476192]
  
• Cycasin [M0005444]
  Carcinogenic and neurotoxic glycoside occurring in a number of plant species, including Cycas revoluta.
  
• Cyclacillin [M0005445]
  A cyclohexylamido analog of PENICILLANIC ACID.
  
• Cyclamate, Calcium (2:1) Salt, Dihydrate [M0331214]
  
• Cyclamates [M0005446]
  Salts and esters of cyclamic acid.
  
• Cyclamic Acid [M0005447]
  
• Cyclandelate [M0005451]
  A direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used to dilate blood vessels. It may cause gastrointestinal distress and tachycardia.
  
• Cyclazocine [M0005452]
  An analgesic with mixed narcotic agonist-antagonist properties.
  
• Cyclic N-Oxides [M0005453]
  Heterocyclic compounds in which an oxygen is attached to a cyclic nitrogen. They include PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS; QUINOLIZINES; INDOLES; and TROPANES.
  
• Cyclic P-Oxides [M0005454]
  
• Cyclic S-Oxides [M0005455]
  
• Cyclizine [M0005457]
  A histamine H1 antagonist given by mouth or parenterally for the control of postoperative and drug-induced vomiting and in motion sickness. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p935)
  
• Cyclizine Hydrochloride [M0005458]
  
• Cyclo-C [M0005462]
  
• Cycloalkenes [M0408258]
  
• Cycloalkynes [M0411009]
  
• Cyclobutanes [M0005460]
  
• Cyclodecanes [M0443605]
  Compounds with a 10-carbon ring.
  
• Cyclodol [M0372550]
  
• Cyclofenil [M0005465]
  A gonadal stimulant and inducer of ovulation. It is used in the treatment of infertility and amenorrhea, but is thought to be less effective than CLOMIPHENE.
  
• Cyclogyl [M0005483]
  
• Cycloheptanes [M0005466]
  
• Cyclohexadienes [M0491570]
  Cyclohexanes which contain two double bonds in the ring.
  
• Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids [M0005467]
  
• Cyclohexanes [M0005469]
  Six-carbon alicyclic hydrocarbons.
  
• Cyclohexanol [M0005470]
  
• Cyclohexanols [M0005471]
  Monohydroxy derivatives of cyclohexanes that contain the general formula R-C6H11O. They have a camphorlike odor and are used in making soaps, insecticides, germicides, dry cleaning, and plasticizers.
  
• Cyclohexanones [M0005472]
  Cyclohexane ring substituted by one or more ketones in any position.
  
• Cyclohexenes [M0491569]
  Six-carbon alicyclic hydrocarbons which contain one or more double bonds in the ring. The cyclohexadienes are not aromatic, in contrast to BENZOQUINONES which are sometimes called 2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diones.
  
• Cycloheximide [M0005473]
  Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.
  
• Cyclohexylamine [M0005474]
  
• Cyclohexylamines [M0005475]
  A family of alicyclic hydrocarbons containing an amine group with the general formula R-C6H10NH2.
  
• Cyclomin [M0474863]
  
• Cyclooctanes [M0405125]
  A group of compounds with an 8-carbon ring. They may be saturated or unsaturated.
  
• Cyclooctenes [M0411011]
  
• Cyclooctodienes [M0405127]
  
• Cycloparaffins [M0005477]
  Alicyclic hydrocarbons in which three or more of the carbon atoms in each molecule are united in a ring structure and each of the ring carbon atoms is joined to two hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups. The simplest members are cyclopropane (C3H6), cyclobutane (C4H8), cyclohexane (C6H12), and derivatives of these such as methylcyclohexane (C6H11CH3). (From Sax, et al., Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)
  
• Cyclopentadienes [M0005480]
  
• Cyclopentane [M0005478]
  
• Cyclopentanes [M0005479]
  A group of alicyclic hydrocarbons with the general formula R-C5H9.
  
• Cyclopentenes [M0005481]
  
• Cyclopenthiazide [M0005482]
  Thiazide diuretic also used as an antihypertensive agent.
  
• Cyclopentolate [M0005484]
  A parasympatholytic anticholinergic used solely to obtain mydriasis or cycloplegia.
  
• Cyclopropanes [M0005491]
  
• Cyclops [M0474864]
  
• Cyclospasmol [M0351719]
  
• Cycocel [M0004154]
  
• Cygnoline [M0001307]
  
• Cyklokapron [M0021768]
  
• Cylert [M0474037]
  
• Cynkotox [M0023138]
  
• Cyproheptadine [M0005519]
  A serotonin antagonist and a histamine H1 blocker used as antipruritic, appetite stimulant, antiallergic, and for the post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome, etc.
  
• Cystadane [M0460091]
  
• Cystagon [M0351204]
  
• Cystamine [M0005528]
  A radiation-protective agent that interferes with sulfhydryl enzymes. It may also protect against carbon tetrachloride liver damage.
  
• Cystamine Calcium Salt [M0330582]
  
• Cystamine Diacetate [M0330583]
  
• Cystamine Dihydrobromide [M0330587]
  
• Cystamine Dihydrochloride [M0330589]
  
• Cystamine Hydrobromide [M0330588]
  
• Cystamine Hydrochloride [M0330586]
  
• Cystamine Sulfate [M0330585]
  
• Cystamine Sulfate (1:1) [M0330584]
  
• Cysteamine [M0005535]
  A radiation-protective agent that oxidizes in air to form CYSTAMINE. It can be given intravenously or orally to treat radiation sickness. The bitartrate has been used for the oral treatment of nephropathic cystinosis.
  
• Cysteamine Bitartrate [M0005537]
  
• Cysteamine Dihydrochloride [M0330593]
  
• Cysteamine Hydrobromide [M0330597]
  
• Cysteamine Hydrochloride [M0330592]
  
• Cysteamine Maleate (1:1) [M0330599]
  
• Cysteamine Tartrate [M0330594]
  
• Cysteamine Tartrate (1:1) [M0330595]
  
• Cysteamine Tosylate [M0330596]
  
• Cysteamine, 35S-Labeled [M0330598]
  
• Cytadren [M0000945]
  
• Cytamid [M0482790]
  
• Cytochalasin D [M0023976]
  A fungal metabolite that blocks cytoplasmic cleavage by blocking formation of contractile microfilament structures resulting in multinucleated cell formation, reversible inhibition of cell movement, and the induction of cellular extrusion. Additional reported effects include the inhibition of actin polymerization, DNA synthesis, sperm motility, glucose transport, thyroid secretion, and growth hormone release.
  
• Cytosine [M0005618]
  A pyrimidine base that is a fundamental unit of nucleic acids.
  
• Cytospaz [M0001933]
  
• Cytostat [M0475063]
  
• D & C Red No. 27 [M0016618]
  
• D & C Yellow No. 7 [M0362130]
  
• D & C Yellow No. 8 [M0350971]
  
• D-145 [M0351817]
  
• D-40TA [M0353505]
  
• D-600 [M0351224]
  
• D-65MT [M0353438]
  
• D-735 [M0350850]
  
• d-APV [M0024151]
  
• D-Tamin retard L.U.T. [M0485095]
  
• D-Vert [M0473872]
  
• DA-2370 [M0373161]
  
• Dacarbazine [M0005636]
  An antineoplastic agent. It has significant activity against melanomas. (from Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed, p564)
  
• Dacron [M0373156]
  
• Dactarin [M0013757]
  
• Daflon [M0357354]
  
• Dagan [M0463044]
  
• Dalcaine [M0012487]
  
• Dalmane [M0008646]
  
• Dalzic [M0017429]
  
• Damascones [M0482507]
  
• Damilen [M0351387]
  
• Dancor [M0463083]
  
• Danizol [M0013699]
  
• Dansyl Compounds [M0005656]
  Compounds that contain a 1-dimethylaminonaphthalene-5-sulfonyl group.
  
• Dantrium [M0005657]
  
• Dantrolene [M0005658]
  Skeletal muscle relaxant that acts by interfering with excitation-contraction coupling in the muscle fiber. It is used in spasticity and other neuromuscular abnormalities. Although the mechanism of action is probably not central, dantrolene is usually grouped with the central muscle relaxants.
  
• Dantrolene Sodium [M0005659]
  
• Daonil [M0352380]
  
• Dapaz [M0473985]
  
• Dapsoderm-X [M0485007]
  
• Dapson-Fatol [M0485006]
  
• Dapsone [M0005661]
  A sulfone active against a wide range of bacteria but mainly employed for its actions against MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE. Its mechanism of action is probably similar to that of the SULFONAMIDES which involves inhibition of folic acid synthesis in susceptible organisms. It is also used with PYRIMETHAMINE in the treatment of malaria. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p157-8)
  
• Daranide [M0006281]
  
• Daraprim [M0018254]
  
• Darolan [M0465037]
  
• Darvon [M0017771]
  
• Dasuen [M0476078]
  
• Datril [M0000119]
  
• Daunoblastin [M0361544]
  
• Daunorubicin [M0005683]
  A very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of LEUKEMIA and other NEOPLASMS.
  
• Daunorubicin Hydrochloride [M0361543]
  
• DBL Moclobemide [M0474402]
  
• DD-234 [M0353028]
  
• DDT [M0005688]
  A polychlorinated pesticide that is resistant to destruction by light and oxidation. Its unusual stability has resulted in difficulties in residue removal from water, soil, and foodstuffs. This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen: Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP-85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Deacura [M0460658]
  
• Dealkylprazepam [M0005805]
  
• Deanol [M0005699]
  An antidepressive agent that has also been used in the treatment of movement disorders. The mechanism of action is not well understood.
  
• Deanol Bisorcate [M0485009]
  
• Debecillin [M0351366]
  
• Deblaston [M0474781]
  
• Debridat [M0021981]
  
• Debrisoquin [M0005709]
  An adrenergic neuron-blocking drug similar in effects to GUANETHIDINE. It is also noteworthy in being a substrate for a polymorphic cytochrome P-450 enzyme. Persons with certain isoforms of this enzyme are unable to properly metabolize this and many other clinically important drugs. They are commonly referred to as having a debrisoquin 4-hydroxylase polymorphism.
  
• Decamethonium Compounds [M0005713]
  Compounds that contain the decamethylenebis(trimethyl)ammonium radical. These compounds frequently act as neuromuscular depolarizing agents.
  
• Deccox [M0372341]
  
• Declomycin [M0350681]
  
• D�contractyl [M0473971]
  
• Decoquinate [M0005738]
  A coccidiostat for poultry.
  
• Decranol [M0351896]
  
• DEET [M0005744]
  A compound used as a topical insect repellent that may cause irritation to eyes and mucous membranes, but not to the skin.
  
• DEET, 2,5-di-Me-Analog [M0330604]
  
• Deferoxamine [M0005750]
  Natural product isolated from Streptomyces pilosus. It forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent, particularly in the mesylate form.
  
• D�filtran [M0431649]
  
• Degranol [M0351895]
  
• Dehidrobenzperidol [M0485294]
  
• Dehydrobenzperidol [M0485293]
  
• Dekaris [M0012432]
  
• Delavirdine [M0029713]
  A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1.
  
• Delavirdine Mesylate [M0329069]
  
• Delfen Cream [M0350680]
  
• Delitex [M0463939]
  
• Delsym [M0006137]
  
• delta-Bilirubin [M0002496]
  
• Deltasoralen [M0474228]
  
• Delton [M0361919]
  
• Demeclocycline [M0005801]
  A TETRACYCLINE analog having a 7-chloro and a 6-methyl. Because it is excreted more slowly than TETRACYCLINE, it maintains effective blood levels for longer periods of time.
  
• Demeclocycline Hydrochloride [M0005802]
  
• Demeclocycline Monohydrochloride [M0350910]
  
• Demeclocycline, 4-epimer [M0330503]
  
• Demeclocycline, Calcium (1:1) Salt [M0330506]
  
• Demeclocycline, Calcium (1:2) Salt [M0330505]
  
• Demecolcine [M0005796]
  An alkaloid isolated from Colchicum autumnale L. and used as an antineoplastic.
  
• Demecolcine, (+-)-Isomer [M0330549]
  
• Demerol [M0013428]
  
• Demolox [M0433381]
  
• Dentomycin [M0474865]
  
• Deoxyepinephrine [M0006003]
  Sympathomimetic, vasoconstrictor agent.
  
• Depasan Retard [M0020198]
  
• Deponerton [M0475977]
  
• Deposul [M0350923]
  
• Deprax [M0476870]
  
• Deprenorm [M0474403]
  
• Deprenyl [M0019602]
  
• Depressan [M0006388]
  
• Depressin [M0351162]
  
• Deprilept [M0474717]
  
• Depsides [M0069241]
  Phenolic benzoic acid esters.
  
• Deptran [M0485388]
  
• Dequadin [M0485016]
  
• Dequalinium [M0006040]
  A topical bacteriostat that is available as various salts. It is used in wound dressings and mouth infections and may also have antifungal action, but may cause skin ulceration.
  
• Dequalinium Acetate [M0006041]
  
• Dequalinium Chloride [M0006039]
  
• Dequalinium Di-10-undecenoate [M0330509]
  
• Dequalinium Dibromide [M0330510]
  
• Dequalinium Diiodide [M0330508]
  
• Dequalinium Diundecenoate [M0330513]
  
• Dermalon [M0015135]
  
• Dermazin [M0475867]
  
• Dermox [M0474229]
  
• Dertil [M0351842]
  
• Desferal [M0005752]
  
• Desferrioxamine B Mesylate [M0005751]
  
• Desidox [M0485387]
  
• Desiflu [M0482910]
  
• Desipramine [M0006074]
  A tricyclic dibenzazepine compound that potentiates neurotransmission. Desipramine selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrine from the neural synapse, and also appears to impair serotonin transport. This compound also possesses minor anticholinergic activity, through its affinity to muscarinic receptors.
  
• Desipramine Hydrochloride [M0330514]
  
• Desisulpid [M0475978]
  
• Desoblit [M0459361]
  
• Desopimon [M0004197]
  
• Desoxone-1 [M0351396]
  
• Desoxyn [M0474166]
  
• Desuric [M0353574]
  
• Desyrel [M0476871]
  
• DET MS [M0485094]
  
• Deticene [M0352399]
  
• Detreomycin [M0004125]
  
• Deuteroporphyrins [M0006097]
  Porphyrins with four methyl and two propionic acid side chains attached to the pyrrole rings.
  
• Devazepide [M0029847]
  A derivative of benzodiazepine that acts on the cholecystokinin A (CCKA) receptor to antagonize CCK-8's (SINCALIDE) physiological and behavioral effects, such as pancreatic stimulation and inhibition of feeding.
  
• Devincan [M0353112]
  
• Dexambutol [M0477800]
  
• Dexatrim [M0369526]
  
• Dexedrine [M0006135]
  
• Dexef [M0477835]
  
• Dexetimide [M0006102]
  A muscarinic antagonist that has been used to treat neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism. Benzetimide is the (-)-enantimorph of dexetimide.
  
• Dexfenfluramine [M0030010]
  The S-isomer of FENFLURAMINE. It is a serotonin agonist and is used as an anorectic. Unlike fenfluramine, it does not possess any catecholamine agonist activity.
  
• Dexfenfluramine Hydrochloride [M0331384]
  
• Dexferrum [M0477639]
  
• Dexindoprofen [M0011251]
  
• Dexitac [M0466581]
  
• Dexium [M0351828]
  
• Dexmedetomidine [M0140432]
  A selective inhibitor of RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 that has analgesic and sedative properties. MEDETOMIDINE is the other racemic form.
  
• Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride [M0332427]
  
• Dexon (Polyester) [M0017196]
  
• Dexon-S [M0017197]
  
• Dexpropranolol [M0017772]
  
• Dexrazoxane [M0018537]
  
• Dextroamphetamine [M0006134]
  The d-form of AMPHETAMINE. It is a central nervous system stimulant and a sympathomimetic. It has also been used in the treatment of narcolepsy and of attention deficit disorders and hyperactivity in children. Dextroamphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulating release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. It is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic.
  
• Dextroamphetamine Sulfate [M0006133]
  
• Dextrofer [M0353692]
  
• Dextromethorphan [M0006138]
  The d-isomer of the codeine analog of LEVORPHANOL. Dextromethorphan shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used ANTITUSSIVES, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity.
  
• Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide [M0330518]
  
• Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide, (+-)-Isomer [M0330521]
  
• Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide, Monohydrate [M0330522]
  
• Dextromethorphan Hydrochloride [M0330519]
  
• Dextromethorphan, (+-)-Isomer [M0330520]
  
• Dextromoramide [M0006142]
  An opioid analgesic structurally related to METHADONE and used in the treatment of severe pain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1070)
  
• Dextromoramide Tartrate [M0485042]
  
• Dextrorphan [M0006143]
  Dextro form of levorphanol. It acts as a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, among other effects, and has been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. It is also a metabolite of DEXTROMETHORPHAN.
  
• DextroStat [M0485039]
  
• Dexverapamil [M0022609]
  
• DH-581 [M0353863]
  
• DHE-45 [M0352821]
  
• DHE-Puren [M0485093]
  
• DHE-ratiopharm [M0485099]
  
• Di-Actane [M0462786]
  
• Di-Cyclonex [M0477660]
  
• Di-Spaz [M0477661]
  
• Diabeta [M0352379]
  
• Diabetol [M0352383]
  
• Diabinese [M0004205]
  
• Diabrezide [M0483096]
  
• Diabutal [M0369493]
  
• Diacarb [M0000130]
  
• Diacetyl [M0006164]
  Carrier of aroma of butter, vinegar, coffee, and other foods.
  
• Diagesil [M0477651]
  
• Diaglyk [M0483097]
  
• Diaikron [M0352367]
  
• Dialax [M0351395]
  
• Dialferine [M0000670]
  
• Diamfenetide [M0006202]
  Anthelmintic. It has been shown to be useful in fasciola infections in sheep.
  
• Diamicron [M0009267]
  
• Diamide [M0006203]
  A sulfhydryl reagent which oxidizes sulfhydryl groups to the disulfide form. It is a radiation-sensitizing agent of anoxic bacterial and mammalian cells.
  
• Diamidine [M0016172]
  
• Diamines [M0006204]
  Organic chemicals which have two amino groups in an aliphatic chain.
  
• Diaminodiethyldisulfide [M0005529]
  
• Diammonium Oxalate [M0329882]
  
• Diamox [M0000129]
  
• Dianisidine [M0006207]
  Highly toxic compound which can cause skin irritation and sensitization. It is used in manufacture of azo dyes.
  
• Dianisidine Dihydrochloride [M0330524]
  
• Dianisidine Hydrochloride [M0330525]
  
• Dianisidine Sulfate [M0330526]
  
• Diaphyllin [M0351375]
  
• Diarylheptanoids [M0409669]
  A group of compounds consisting of two aromatic rings separated by seven carbons (HEPTANES) and having various substituents. The best known member is CURCUMIN.
  
• Diarylheptanones [M0409670]
  
• Diatrizoate [M0006219]
  A commonly used x-ray contrast medium. As DIATRIZOATE MEGLUMINE and as Diatrizoate sodium, it is used for gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.
  
• Diatrizoate Meglumine [M0006224]
  A versatile x-ray contrast medium for diagnostic radiology. It can be administered by most routes.
  
• Diatrizoic Acid Methylglucamine [M0006228]
  
• Diaval [M0476641]
  
• Diazemuls [M0006232]
  
• Diazepam [M0006229]
  A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity. It is used in the treatment of severe anxiety disorders, as a hypnotic in the short-term management of insomnia, as a sedative and premedicant, as an anticonvulsant, and in the management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p589)
  
• Diazoamino Compounds [M0461306]
  Compounds with three contiguous nitrogen atoms in linear format R2N-N=NR.
  
• Diazomethane [M0006239]
  
• Diazonium Compounds [M0006240]
  
• Diazoxide [M0006242]
  A benzothiadiazine derivative that is a peripheral vasodilator used for hypertensive emergencies. It lacks diuretic effect, apparently because it lacks a sulfonamide group.
  
• Dibenamine [M0006248]
  
• Dibent [M0477662]
  
• Dibenyline [M0016531]
  
• Dibenz(b,f)(1,4)oxazepine-10(11H)-carboxylic acid, 8-chloro-, 2-acetylhydrazide [M0019456]
  Inhibits the activity of prostaglandins.
  
• Dibenzazepines [M0006249]
  Compounds with two BENZENE rings fused to AZEPINES.
  
• Dibenziran [M0351231]
  
• Dibenzocyclooctanes [M0405128]
  Compounds containing two benzyl groups attached to an 8-carbon cyclooctane.
  
• Dibenzothiazepines [M0006251]
  
• Dibenzothiepins [M0006252]
  
• Dibenzoxazepines [M0006253]
  
• Dibenzoxepins [M0006254]
  
• Dibenzylchlorethamine [M0454899]
  An alpha adrenergic antagonist.
  
• Dibenzyline [M0351230]
  
• Dibromothymoquinone [M0006255]
  At low concentrations, this compound inhibits reduction of conventional hydrophilic electron acceptors, probably acting as a plastoquinone antagonist. At higher concentrations, it acts as an electron acceptor, intercepting electrons either before or at the site of its inhibitory activity.
  
• Dibucaine [M0006256]
  A local anesthetic of the amide type now generally used for surface anesthesia. It is one of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics and its parenteral use is restricted to spinal anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1006)
  
• Dibunol [M0352317]
  
• Dibutyl Phthalate [M0006258]
  A plasticizer used in most plastics and found in water, air, soil, plants and animals. It may have some adverse effects with long-term exposure.
  
• Dicaine [M0352621]
  
• Dicamba [M0006261]
  A chlorinated organic herbicide.
  
• Dicaptol [M0372371]
  
• Dicarbethoxydihydrocollidine [M0006262]
  1,4-Dihydro-2,4,6-trimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid diethyl ester.
  
• Dicarboxylic Acids [M0006263]
  
• Dichloroacetate [M0006264]
  An acetic acid derivative that is a metabolite of TRICHLOROETHYLENE and is formed during chlorine disinfection of drinking water. It has effects on GLUCOSE metabolism, lowers LACTATE, and activates the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX.
  
• Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene [M0005687]
  An organochlorine pesticide, it is the ethylene metabolite of DDT.
  
• Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane [M0005686]
  An organochlorine insecticide that is slightly irritating to the skin. (From Merck Index, 11th ed, p482)
  
• Dichloroethylenes [M0006268]
  Toxic chlorinated unsaturated hydrocarbons. Include both the 1,1- and 1,2-dichloro isomers. Both isomers are toxic, but 1,1-dichloroethylene is the more potent CNS depressant and hepatotoxin. It is used in the manufacture of thermoplastic polymers.
  
• Dichlorophen [M0006277]
  Nontoxic laxative vermicide effective for taenia infestation. It tends to produce colic and nausea. It is also used as a veterinary fungicide, anthelmintic, and antiprotozoan. (From Merck, 11th ed.)
  
• Dichlorphenamide [M0006280]
  A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of glaucoma.
  
• Dicinone [M0477792]
  
• Diclocil [M0485051]
  
• Diclofenac [M0006284]
  A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.
  
• Diclofenac Potassium [M0006286]
  
• Diclofenac Sodium [M0006287]
  The sodium form of DICLOFENAC. It is used for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.
  
• Diclomin [M0477663]
  
• Diclonate P [M0337685]
  
• Dicloxacillin [M0006293]
  One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE.
  
• Dicloxacillin Sodium [M0330532]
  
• Dicloxacillin, Monosodium Salt, Anhydrous [M0330533]
  
• Dicloxsig [M0485050]
  
• Dicobalt EDTA [M0007064]
  
• Dicodid [M0450396]
  
• Dicofol [M0006295]
  An organochlorine insecticide.
  
• Dicoumarin [M0372309]
  
• Dictyopterin [M0002563]
  
• Dicumarol [M0002610]
  An oral anticoagulant that interferes with the metabolism of vitamin K. It is also used in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases.
  
• Dicupral [M0006604]
  
• Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide [M0006313]
  A carbodiimide that is used as a chemical intermediate and coupling agent in peptide synthesis. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed)
  
• Dicyclomine [M0006314]
  A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic and in urinary incontinence. It has little effect on glandular secretion or the cardiovascular system. It does have some local anesthetic properties and is used in gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary tract spasms.
  
• Dicyclomine Hydrochloride [M0006316]
  
• Dicynone [M0351830]
  
• Didrex [M0002382]
  
• Dieldrin [M0006318]
  An organochlorine insecticide whose use has been cancelled or suspended in the United States. It has been used to control locusts, tropical disease vectors, in termite control by direct soil injection, and non-food seed and plant treatment. (From HSDB)
  
• Diemal [M0372656]
  
• Dienestrol [M0006320]
  A synthetic, non-steroidal estrogen structurally related to stilbestrol. It is used, usually as the cream, in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal symptoms.
  
• Dienestrol, (E,E)-Isomer [M0330535]
  
• Dienestrol, (Z,E)-Isomer [M0330537]
  
• Dienestrol, (Z,Z)-Isomer [M0330536]
  
• Diertine [M0485090]
  
• Diestet [M0473860]
  
• Diethyl Ketones [M0016176]
  
• Diethyl Pyrocarbonate [M0006345]
  Preservative for wines, soft drinks, and fruit juices and a gentle esterifying agent.
  
• Diethylamines [M0006346]
  
• Diethylcarbamazine [M0006347]
  An anthelmintic used primarily as the citrate in the treatment of filariasis, particularly infestations with Wucheria bancrofti or Loa loa.
  
• Diethylcarbamazine Citrate [M0006348]
  
• Diethylcarbamazine Citrate (1:1) [M0330541]
  
• Diethylcarbamazine Citrate (1:2) [M0330540]
  
• Diethylcarbamazine L-Tartrate (1:1) [M0330544]
  
• Diethylcarbamazine Maleate [M0330538]
  
• Diethylcarbamazine Monohydrochloride [M0330543]
  
• Diethylcarbamazine Phosphate (1:1) [M0330539]
  
• Diethyldithiocarbamate [M0006351]
  
• Diethylhexyl Phthalate [M0006353]
  An ester of phthalic acid. It appears as a light-colored, odorless liquid and is used as a plasticizer for many resins and elastomers.
  
• Diethylnitrosamine [M0006354]
  A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.
  
• Diethylpropion [M0006355]
  A appetite depressant considered to produce less central nervous system disturbance than most drugs in this therapeutic category. It is also considered to be among the safest for patients with hypertension. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2290)
  
• Diethylpropion Hydrochloride [M0006356]
  
• Diethylstilbestrol [M0006357]
  A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed)
  
• Diethylstilbestrol, (Z)-Isomer [M0331232]
  
• Diethylstilbestrol, Disodium Salt [M0331233]
  
• Difenin [M0016582]
  
• Difflam [M0477224]
  
• Diflamil [M0473943]
  
• Diflubenzuron [M0006469]
  An insect growth regulator which interferes with the formation of the insect cuticle. It is effective in the control of mosquitoes and flies.
  
• Diflucan [M0024112]
  
• Diflunisal [M0006367]
  A salicylate derivative and anti-inflammatory analgesic with actions and side effects similar to those of ASPIRIN.
  
• Difril [M0017546]
  
• Digalactolipids [M0060408]
  
• Digezanol [M0431891]
  
• Dignodolin [M0478579]
  
• Digton [M0475979]
  
• Dihematoporphyrin Ether [M0026307]
  The purified component of HEMATOPORPHYRIN DERIVATIVE, it consists of a mixture of oligomeric porphyrins. It is used in photodynamic therapy (HEMATOPORPHYRIN PHOTORADIATION); to treat malignant lesions with visible light and experimentally as an antiviral agent. It is the first drug to be approved in the use of photodynamic therapy in the United States.
  
• Dihexazin [M0005520]
  
• Dihydan [M0016581]
  
• Dihydralazine [M0006389]
  1,4-Dihydrazinophthalazine. An antihypertensive agent with actions and uses similar to those of HYDRALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p354)
  
• Dihydralazine Sulfate [M0485087]
  
• Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine [M0006390]
  Dihydro analog of beta-erythroidine, which is isolated from the seeds and other plant parts of Erythrina sp. Leguminosae. It is an alkaloid with curarimimetic properties.
  
• Dihydroalprenolol [M0006393]
  Hydrogenated alprenolol derivative where the extra hydrogens are often tritiated. This radiolabeled form of ALPRENOLOL, a beta-adrenergic blocker, is used to label the beta-adrenergic receptor for isolation and study.
  
• Dihydroergocornine [M0006403]
  A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ERGOTAMINE that contains isopropyl sidechains at the 2' and 5' positions of the molecule.
  
• Dihydroergocornine Mesylate [M0330440]
  
• Dihydroergocornine Monomesylate [M0330436]
  
• Dihydroergocristine [M0006404]
  A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ERGOTAMINE that contains an isopropyl sidechain at the 2' position of the molecule.
  
• Dihydroergocristine Monomesylate [M0330438]
  
• Dihydroergocryptine [M0006405]
  A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ERGOTAMINE that contains an isopropyl sidechain at the 2' position and an alpha-isobutyl sidechain at 5'alpha position of the molecule.
  
• Dihydroergocryptine Mesylate [M0330439]
  
• Dihydroergocryptine Monomesylate [M0330437]
  
• Dihydroergotamin AL [M0485109]
  
• Dihydroergotamine [M0006401]
  A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ERGOTAMINE. It is used as a vasoconstrictor, specifically for the therapy of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.
  
• Dihydroergotamine Mesylate [M0330548]
  
• Dihydroergotoxine [M0006406]
  A mixture of three different hydrogenated derivatives of ERGOTAMINE: DIHYDROERGOCORNINE; DIHYDROERGOCRISTINE; and DIHYDROERGOCRYPTINE. Dihydroergotoxine has been proposed to be a neuroprotective agent and a nootropic agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic actions is not clear, but it can act as an alpha-adrenergic antagonist and a dopamine agonist. The methanesulfonate salts of this mixture of alkaloids are called ERGOLOID MESYLATES.
  
• Dihydromorphine [M0006407]
  A semisynthetic analgesic used in the study of narcotic receptors. It has abuse potential.
  
• Dihydrone [M0352932]
  
• Dihydropyridines [M0006414]
  Pyridine moieties which are partially saturated by the addition of two hydrogen atoms in any position.
  
• Dihydroxydihydrobenzopyrenes [M0006422]
  Benzopyrenes saturated in any two adjacent positions and substituted with two hydroxyl groups in any position. The majority of these compounds have carcinogenic or mutagenic activity.
  
• Dihydroxytryptamines [M0006423]
  Tryptamine substituted with two hydroxyl groups in any position. Some are cytotoxic serotonin analogs that are preferentially taken up by serotonergic neurons and then destroy those neurons.
  
• Dihydroxyundecyl Resorcylic Acid Lactone [M0023125]
  
• Dihytamin [M0485107]
  
• Diiodoquin [M0353881]
  
• Diisocyanatotoluene [M0021640]
  
• Dilacor XR [M0006436]
  
• Dilangio compositu [M0459360]
  
• Dilantin [M0016583]
  
• Dilatol [M0015131]
  
• Dilaudid [M0006410]
  
• Dilazep [M0006432]
  Coronary vasodilator with some antiarrhythmic activity.
  
• Dilcoran [M0474051]
  
• Dilevalol [M0354778]
  
• Dilin [M0485297]
  
• Dilithium Oxalate [M0329893]
  
• Dilor Brand of Dyphylline [M0485298]
  
• Dilren [M0353527]
  
• Diltiazem [M0006434]
  A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of the calcium ion in membrane functions. It is also teratogenic.
  
• Diltiazem Hydrochloride [M0353529]
  
• Diltiazem Malate [M0006435]
  
• Dilzem [M0006437]
  
• Dimaprit [M0026195]
  A histamine H2 receptor agonist that is often used to study the activity of histamine and its receptors.
  
• Dimaprit Dihydrochloride [M0329354]
  
• Dimaprit Maleate (1:1) [M0329355]
  
• Dimaval [M0352349]
  
• Dimedrol [M0369590]
  
• Dimen Heumann [M0485127]
  
• Dimen Lichtenstein [M0485126]
  
• Dimenhydrinate [M0006438]
  A drug combination that contains DIPHENHYDRAMINE and THEOPHYLLINE. It is used for treating vertigo, motion sickness, and nausea associated with pregnancy. It is not effective in the treatment of nausea associated with cancer chemotherapy.
  
• Dimepheptanol [M0351994]
  
• Dimercaprol [M0006441]
  An anti-gas warfare agent that is effective against Lewisite (dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine) and formerly known as British Anti-Lewisite or BAL. It acts as a chelating agent and is used in the treatment of arsenic, gold, and other heavy metal poisoning.
  
• Dimercaptosuccinic Acid [M0330502]
  
• Dimetabs [M0485125]
  
• Dimetane [M0002956]
  
• Dimetane-Ten [M0465098]
  
• Dimethadione [M0006448]
  An anticonvulsant that is the active metabolite of TRIMETHADIONE.
  
• Dimethindene [M0006449]
  A histamine H1 antagonist. It is used in hypersensitivity reactions, in rhinitis, for pruritus, and in some common cold remedies.
  
• Dimethindene Maleate [M0330454]
  
• Dimethoxyphenylethylamine [M0006453]
  
• Dimethyl Adipimidate [M0006454]
  Bifunctional cross-linking agent that links covalently free amino groups of proteins or polypeptides, including those in cell membranes. It is used as reagent or fixative in immunohistochemistry and is a proposed antisickling agent.
  
• Dimethyl Suberimidate [M0006455]
  The methyl imidoester of suberic acid used to produce cross links in proteins. Each end of the imidoester will react with an amino group in the protein molecule to form an amidine.
  
• Dimethyl Sulfoxide [M0006456]
  A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during cryopreservation. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.
  
• Dimethylamines [M0006458]
  
• Dimethylaminoazobenzene [M0006460]
  
• Dimethyldithiocarbamate [M0006461]
  A chemical that acts as a dopamine beta-hydroxylase inhibitor. Its salts are agricultural fungicides. It is inferior to diethyldithiocarbamate as a chelating agent.
  
• Dimethylformamide [M0006462]
  
• Dimethylhydrazines [M0006463]
  Hydrazines substituted with two methyl groups in any position.
  
• Dimethylnitrosamine [M0006464]
  A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties. It causes serious liver damage and is a hepatocarcinogen in rodents.
  
• Dimethylphenylene Bis-Thioallophanate [M0021370]
  
• Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide [M0006642]
  A selective nicotinic cholinergic agonist used as a research tool. DMPP activates nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia but has little effect at the neuromuscular junction.
  
• Dimethylpolysiloxanes [M0006465]
  Silicone polymers which consist of silicon atoms substituted with methyl groups and linked by oxygen atoms. They comprise a series of biocompatible materials used as liquids, gels or solids; as film for artificial membranes, gels for implants, and liquids for drug vehicles; and as antifoaming agents.
  
• Dimethylsiloxanes [M0006466]
  
• Dimethylsulfonate [M0013614]
  
• Dimetridazole [M0006468]
  A compound used to treat histomoniasis in poultry.
  
• Dimexide [M0352390]
  
• Dimilin [M0352407]
  
• Diminazene [M0006470]
  An effective trypanocidal agent.
  
• Dimitronal [M0004493]
  
• Dinagen [M0474901]
  
• Dinarkon [M0352934]
  
• Dinate [M0485124]
  
• Dindevan [M0474394]
  
• Dinitolmide [M0006472]
  A coccidiostat for poultry.
  
• Dinitrobenzenes [M0006473]
  Benzene derivatives which are substituted with two nitro groups in the ortho, meta or para positions.
  
• Dinitrochlorobenzene [M0006475]
  A skin irritant that may cause dermatitis of both primary and allergic types. Contact sensitization with DNCB has been used as a measure of cellular immunity. DNCB is also used as a reagent for the detection and determination of pyridine compounds.
  
• Dinitrocresols [M0006476]
  
• Dinitrofluorobenzene [M0006477]
  Irritants and reagents for labeling terminal amino acid groups.
  
• Dinitrophenols [M0006478]
  Organic compounds that contain two nitro groups attached to a phenol.
  
• Dinitrophenyl Compounds [M0006474]
  
• Dinobroxol [M0451989]
  
• Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate [M0491450]
  
• Dioctyl Sulfosuccinates [M0006493]
  
• Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid [M0006484]
  All-purpose surfactant, wetting agent, and solubilizer used in the drug, cosmetics, and food industries. It has also been used in laxatives and as cerumenolytics. It is usually administered as either the calcium, potassium, or sodium salt.
  
• Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Ammonium Salt [M0331387]
  
• Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Barium Salt [M0331388]
  
• Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Calcium Salt [M0331385]
  
• Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Magnesium Salt [M0331386]
  
• Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Potassium Salt [M0006492]
  
• Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Sodium Salt [M0331389]
  
• Diodrast [M0376143]
  
• Diofluor [M0478615]
  
• Dionine [M0007911]
  
• Dionosil [M0373167]
  
• Diosmin [M0006496]
  A bioflavonoid that strengthens vascular walls.
  
• Dioxanes [M0006497]
  1,4-Diethylene dioxides. Industrial solvents. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), dioxane itself may "reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen." (Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Dioxins [M0006498]
  Chlorinated hydrocarbons containing heteroatoms that are present as contaminants of herbicides. Dioxins are carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic. They have been banned from use by the FDA.
  
• Dioxolanes [M0006499]
  
• Dioxoles [M0006500]
  
• Dioxyphenylisatin [M0015687]
  
• Diphenhydramine [M0006508]
  A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.
  
• Diphenhydramine Citrate [M0330460]
  
• Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride [M0006507]
  
• Diphenoxylate [M0006512]
  A MEPERIDINE congener used as an antidiarrheal, usually in combination with atropine. At high doses, it acts like morphine. Its unesterified metabolite difenoxin has similar properties and is used similarly. It has little or no analgesic activity.
  
• Diphenoxylate Hydrochloride [M0006513]
  
• Diphenoxylate Monohydrochloride [M0330461]
  
• Diphenyl Oxides [M0016541]
  
• Diphenylacetic Acids [M0006514]
  
• Diphenylamine [M0006515]
  In humans it may be irritating to mucous membranes. Methemoglobinemia has been produced experimentally. In veterinary use, it is one of active ingredients in topical agents for prevention and treatment of screwworm infestation. An indicator in tests for nitrate poisoning.
  
• Diphenylbenzofuran [M0002360]
  
• Diphenylcarbazide [M0006516]
  Used as an indicator in titrating iron and for the colorimetric determination of chromium and the detection of cadmium, mercury, magnesium, aldehydes, and emetine.
  
• Diphenylhexatriene [M0006517]
  A fluorescent compound that emits light only in specific configurations in certain lipid media. It is used as a tool in the study of membrane lipids.
  
• Diphergan [M0017712]
  
• Dipidolor [M0352603]
  
• Dipotassium Glycyrrhizinate [M0029246]
  
• Dipotassium Oxalate [M0329894]
  
• Diprazin [M0017713]
  
• Diprenorphine [M0006529]
  A narcotic antagonist similar in action to NALOXONE. It is used to remobilize animals after ETORPHINE neuroleptanalgesia and is considered a specific antagonist to etorphine.
  
• Diprenorphine Hydrochloride [M0330462]
  
• Diprivan [M0024131]
  
• Dipyridamole [M0006533]
  A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752)
  
• Dipyrone [M0006535]
  A drug that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is the sodium sulfonate of AMINOPYRINE. Because of the risk of serious adverse effects its use is justified only in serious situations where no alternative is available or suitable. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p13)
  
• Diquat [M0006539]
  A contact herbicide used also to produce desiccation and defoliation. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Diquat Dibromide [M0006540]
  
• Diquinol [M0485378]
  
• Disadine [M0017407]
  
• Disalan [M0351066]
  
• Disipal [M0015457]
  
• Disodium alpha-Sulfobenzylpenicillin [M0020735]
  
• Disodium Calcitetracemate [M0363996]
  
• Disodium Fluorescein [M0329115]
  
• Disodium Latamoxef [M0351097]
  
• Disodium Oxalate [M0329897]
  
• Disopyramide [M0006581]
  A class I anti-arrhythmic agent (one that interferes directly with the depolarization of the cardiac membrane and thus serves as a membrane-stabilizing agent) with a depressant action on the heart similar to that of guanidine. It also possesses some anticholinergic and local anesthetic properties.
  
• Disopyramide Monohydrochloride [M0330466]
  
• Disopyramide Phosphate [M0330465]
  
• Disopyramide Phosphate (1:1), (+-)-Isomer [M0330472]
  
• Disopyramide Phosphate (1:1), (R)-Isomer [M0330474]
  
• Disopyramide Phosphate (1:1), (S)-Isomer [M0330473]
  
• Disopyramide, (+-)-Isomer [M0330467]
  
• Disopyramide, (R)-Isomer [M0330469]
  
• Disopyramide, (S)-Isomer [M0330470]
  
• Disopyramide, D-Tartrate (1:1), (S)-Isomer [M0330471]
  
• Disopyramide, L-Tartrate (1:1), (R)-Isomer [M0330475]
  
• Disopyramide, L-Tartrate (1:1), (S)-Isomer [M0330476]
  
• Disopyramide, L-Tartrate (1:2), (+-)-Isomer [M0330468]
  
• Disopyramide, L-Tartrate, (S)-isomer [M0330464]
  
• Disorat [M0350566]
  
• Dispril [M0351707]
  
• Distannous EDTA [M0007066]
  
• Distaph [M0485049]
  
• Disthelm [M0431892]
  
• Distilb�ne [M0485064]
  
• Distolon [M0351841]
  
• Distraneurin [M0004157]
  
• Disulfiram [M0006600]
  A carbamate derivative used as an alcohol deterrent. It is a relatively nontoxic substance when administered alone, but markedly alters the intermediary metabolism of alcohol. When alcohol is ingested after administration of disulfiram, blood acetaldehyde concentrations are increased, followed by flushing, systemic vasodilation, respiratory difficulties, nausea, hypotension, and other symptoms (acetaldehyde syndrome). It acts by inhibiting aldehyde dehydrogenase.
  
• Disulone [M0372339]
  
• Diswart [M0483113]
  
• Ditak [M0353783]
  
• Diterpenes [M0006609]
  Twenty-carbon compounds derived from MEVALONIC ACID or deoxyxylulose phosphate.
  
• Diterpenes, Abietane [M0449322]
  A group of DITERPENES cyclized into 3-ring PHENANTHRENES.
  
• Diterpenes, Cembrane [M0449329]
  
• Diterpenes, Clerodane [M0449324]
  A group of DITERPENES cyclized into 2-rings with a side-chain.
  
• Diterpenes, Kaurane [M0449325]
  A group of DITERPENES cyclized into four rings.
  
• Diterpenes, Labdane [M0449330]
  
• Diterpenes, Pimarane [M0449323]
  DITERPENES that are nearly like abietanes but the 13-position has a methyl and an ethyl instead of an isopropyl group.
  
• Dithane Z-78 [M0023139]
  
• Dithiazanine [M0006610]
  3-Ethyl-2-(5-(3-ethyl-2-benzothiazolinylidene)-1,3- pentadienyl)benzothiazolium. A benzothiazole that was formerly used as an antinematodal agent and is currently used as a fluorescent dye.
  
• Dithiazanine Iodide [M0006611]
  
• Dithioerythritol [M0006614]
  A compound that, along with its isomer, Cleland's reagent (DITHIOTHREITOL), is used for the protection of sulfhydryl groups against oxidation to disulfides and for the reduction of disulfides to sulfhydryl groups.
  
• Dithionitrobenzoic Acid [M0006618]
  A standard reagent for the determination of reactive sulfhydryl groups by absorbance measurements. It is used primarily for the determination of sulfhydryl and disulfide groups in proteins. The color produced is due to the formation of a thio anion, 3-carboxyl-4-nitrothiophenolate.
  
• Dithizone [M0006622]
  Chelating agent used for heavy metal poisoning and assay. It causes diabetes.
  
• Dithrocream [M0484995]
  
• Ditilin [M0351526]
  
• Ditiocarb [M0006349]
  A chelating agent that has been used to mobilize toxic metals from the tissues of man and experimental animals. It is the main metabolite of DISULFIRAM.
  
• Ditiocarb Sodium [M0331390]
  
• Ditiocarb, Ammonium Salt [M0331393]
  
• Ditiocarb, Bismuth Salt [M0331395]
  
• Ditiocarb, Lead Salt [M0331394]
  
• Ditiocarb, Potassium Salt [M0331396]
  
• Ditiocarb, Sodium Salt, Trihydrate [M0331392]
  
• Ditiocarb, Tin(4+) Salt [M0331391]
  
• Ditiocarb, Zinc Salt [M0006350]
  
• Ditranol FNA [M0484994]
  
• Ditrimine [M0351703]
  
• Ditterolina [M0485048]
  
• Diucardin [M0353606]
  
• Diulo [M0350909]
  
• Diuramide [M0000131]
  
• Diuron [M0006629]
  A pre-emergent herbicide.
  
• Divascol [M0021629]
  
• Dixarit [M0004613]
  
• Diynes [M0492283]
  Compounds with two triple bonds. Some of them are CYTOTOXINS.
  
• Dizan [M0006613]
  
• Dizocilpine [M0329461]
  
• Dizocilpine Maleate [M0024898]
  A potent noncompetitive antagonist of the NMDA receptor (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) used mainly as a research tool. The drug has been considered for the wide variety of neurodegenerative conditions or disorders in which NMDA receptors may play an important role. Its use has been primarily limited to animal and tissue experiments because of its psychotropic effects.
  
• DL-8280 [M0333650]
  
• dl-APV [M0024152]
  
• DMH [M0485129]
  
• Dobendan [M0003975]
  
• Dobica [M0467163]
  
• Dobrofen [M0478662]
  
• Dobucor [M0485249]
  
• Dobuject [M0485248]
  
• Dobutamin Fresenius [M0485247]
  
• Dobutamin Hexal [M0485246]
  
• Dobutamin Solvay [M0485245]
  
• Dobutamin-ratiopharm [M0485255]
  
• Dobutamina Inibsa [M0485253]
  
• Dobutamina Rovi [M0485252]
  
• Dobutamine [M0006696]
  A beta-2 agonist catecholamine that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia. It is proposed as a cardiotonic after myocardial infarction or open heart surgery.
  
• Dobutamine (+)-Isomer [M0330491]
  
• Dobutamine Hydrobromide [M0330494]
  
• Dobutamine Hydrochloride [M0330490]
  
• Dobutamine Lactobionate [M0330484]
  
• Dobutamine Phosphate (1:1) Salt, (-)-Isomer [M0330486]
  
• Dobutamine Tartrate [M0330483]
  
• Dobutamine Tartrate (1:1), (R-(R*,R*))-Isomer [M0330485]
  
• Dobutamine, (-)-Isomer [M0330492]
  
• Dobutamine, Phosphate (1:1) Salt (+)-Isomer [M0330487]
  
• Dobutrex [M0006697]
  
• Docatone [M0485261]
  
• Dociton [M0350581]
  
• Dog-Net Insecticide Poudre [M0467624]
  
• Dogmatil [M0350881]
  
• Dolanaest [M0465186]
  
• Dolantin [M0369442]
  
• Dolargan [M0013425]
  
• Dolcontral [M0369441]
  
• Dolin [M0369440]
  
• Dolipol [M0476642]
  
• Dolo Visano M [M0473970]
  
• Dolobid [M0006368]
  
• Dolophine [M0013544]
  
• Dolorex [M0466363]
  
• Dolosal [M0369439]
  
• Dolsin [M0369438]
  
• Domical [M0433249]
  
• Domidon [M0492508]
  
• Domperidon AL [M0492507]
  
• Domperidon Hexal [M0492506]
  
• Domperidon Stada [M0492505]
  
• Domperidon-TEVA [M0492504]
  
• Domperidona Gamir [M0492503]
  
• Domperidone [M0006752]
  A specific blocker of dopamine receptors. It speeds gastrointestinal peristalsis, causes prolactin release, and is used as antiemetic and tool in the study of dopaminergic mechanisms.
  
• Domperidone Maleate [M0330403]
  
• Domperidone Maleate (1:1) [M0330402]
  
• Domperidone Monohydrochloride [M0330401]
  
• Donalgin [M0362051]
  
• Donix [M0464800]
  
• Dopaflex [M0463388]
  
• Dopamine [M0006756]
  One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from tyrosine and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and EPINEPHRINE. Dopamine is a major transmitter in the extrapyramidal system of the brain, and important in regulating movement. A family of receptors (RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) mediate its action.
  
• Dopamine Hydrochloride [M0006757]
  
• Dopar [M0463389]
  
• Dopergine [M0463975]
  
• Dopram [M0006781]
  
• Doreperol [M0449827]
  
• Doriden [M0373002]
  
• Dormalon [M0476755]
  
• Dormicum [M0013842]
  
• Dormicum Brand of Nitrazepam [M0476756]
  
• Dormileno [M0454557]
  
• Dormin [M0351273]
  
• Dormo-Puren [M0476757]
  
• Doryl [M0467369]
  
• Dothiepin [M0006770]
  A tricyclic antidepressant with some tranquilizing action.
  
• Dothiepin Hydrochloride [M0331397]
  
• Dotriacontane [M0006165]
  
• Dowfume W 85 [M0351864]
  
• DOX-SL [M0392705]
  
• Doxa-Puren [M0485269]
  
• Doxacor [M0485268]
  
• Doxagamma [M0485292]
  
• Doxamax [M0485291]
  
• Doxapram [M0006779]
  A central respiratory stimulant with a brief duration of action. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p1225)
  
• Doxapram Hydrochloride [M0006780]
  
• Doxatensa [M0485290]
  
• Doxazomerck [M0485289]
  
• Doxazosin [M0026251]
  A selective alpha-1-adrenergic blocker that lowers serum CHOLESTEROL. It is also effective in the treatment of HYPERTENSION.
  
• Doxazosin AL [M0485288]
  
• Doxazosin Mesylate [M0329258]
  
• Doxazosin Monohydrochloride [M0329257]
  
• Doxepin [M0006782]
  A dibenzoxepin tricyclic compound. It displays a range of pharmacological actions including maintaining adrenergic innervation. Its mechanism of action is not fully understood, but it appears to block reuptake of monoaminergic neurotransmitters into presynaptic terminals. It also possesses anticholinergic activity and modulates antagonism of histamine H(1)- and H(2)-receptors.
  
• Doxepin Hydrochloride [M0330406]
  
• Doxil [M0006786]
  
• Doxium [M0351827]
  
• DOXO-cell [M0479792]
  
• Doxolem [M0479784]
  
• Doxorubicin [M0006784]
  Antineoplastic antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces peucetius. It is a hydroxy derivative of DAUNORUBICIN.
  
• Doxorubicin Hexal [M0479791]
  
• Doxorubicin Hydrochloride [M0006787]
  
• Doxorubicin NC [M0479789]
  
• Doxorubicina Ferrer Farm [M0479788]
  
• Doxorubicina Funk [M0479787]
  
• Doxorubicina Tedec [M0479786]
  
• Doxorubicine Baxter [M0479785]
  
• Doxotec [M0479795]
  
• Doxycycline [M0006789]
  A synthetic TETRACYCLINE derivative with similar antimicrobial activity. Animal studies suggest that it may cause less tooth staining than other tetracyclines. It is used in some areas for the treatment of chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria (MALARIA, FALCIPARUM).
  
• Doxycycline Calcium [M0006792]
  
• Doxycycline Calcium Salt (1:2) [M0330412]
  
• Doxycycline Monohydrate [M0330408]
  
• Doxycycline Monohydrochloride, 6-epimer [M0330409]
  
• Doxycycline Monohydrochloride, Dihydrate [M0330411]
  
• Doxycycline Phosphate (1:1) [M0330410]
  
• Doxycycline-Chinoin [M0006790]
  
• Doxylamine [M0006795]
  Histamine H1 antagonist with pronounced sedative properties. It is used in allergies and as an antitussive, antiemetic, and hypnotic. Doxylamine has also been administered in veterinary applications and was formerly used in PARKINSONISM.
  
• DR-3355 [M0353373]
  
• Drafilyn [M0432690]
  
• Dramamine [M0006439]
  
• Dramanate [M0485128]
  
• Drapolene [M0350980]
  
• Drenural [M0465166]
  
• Droncit [M0353768]
  
• Drontsit [M0361635]
  
• Droperidol [M0006807]
  A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It is used in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as FENTANYL to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon. It is also used as a premedicant, as an antiemetic, and for the control of agitation in acute psychoses. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p593)
  
• Droxaryl [M0351233]
  
• Drylin [M0024008]
  
• DTIC-Dome [M0005638]
  
• DU-21220 [M0019135]
  
• DU-23000 [M0025398]
  
• Duaxol [M0352571]
  
• Dulcilarmes [M0475328]
  
• Dulcolax [M0352313]
  
• DuP-753 [M0029401]
  
• Dur-Elix [M0465038]
  
• duracoron [M0474434]
  
• duradermal [M0465112]
  
• durafenat [M0478146]
  
• Duralozam [M0464801]
  
• Duramorph [M0369450]
  
• Duranest [M0007924]
  
• Duraphyllin [M0432709]
  
• durazanil [M0477486]
  
• Duricef [M0353622]
  
• Duromine [M0016534]
  
• Durrax [M0372532]
  
• Durvitan [M0466582]
  
• Dusodril [M0353183]
  
• Duvadilan [M0011808]
  
• Duvaline [M0352570]
  
• Duvoid [M0460104]
  
• Dycill [M0485047]
  
• Dylix [M0485296]
  
• Dymelor [M0352361]
  
• Dynacin [M0474860]
  
• Dynacirc [M0372659]
  
• Dynamite [M0009425]
  
• Dynapen [M0006294]
  
• Dyneric [M0004588]
  
• Dynexan-MHP [M0050855]
  
• Dyphylline [M0006910]
  A THEOPHYLLINE derivative with broncho- and vasodilator properties. It is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis.
  
• Dyrenium [M0353784]
  
• Dysman [M0473890]
  
• Dysprosium Nitrilotriacetate [M0014880]
  
• E-250 [M0351220]
  
• E-Mycin E [M0352024]
  
• Easprin [M0001868]
  
• Eatan [M0476758]
  
• Ebixa [M0474759]
  
• Ebromin [M0452000]
  
• Ebucin [M0351615]
  
• Ecolid [M0353366]
  
• Econazole [M0006989]
  A broad spectrum antimycotic with some action against Gram positive bacteria. It is used topically in dermatomycoses also orally and parenterally.
  
• Econazole Nitrate [M0330414]
  
• Ecotrin [M0001873]
  
• Edecrin [M0007813]
  
• Edemox [M0431650]
  
• Edetate Disodium Calcium [M0007061]
  
• Edetates [M0007075]
  
• Edetic Acid [M0007067]
  A chelating agent (CHELATING AGENTS) that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.
  
• Edetic Acid, Calcium Salt [M0330427]
  
• Edetic Acid, Calcium, Sodium Salt [M0330426]
  
• Edetic Acid, Chromium Salt [M0330421]
  
• Edetic Acid, Dipotassium Salt [M0330419]
  
• Edetic Acid, Disodium Salt [M0330416]
  
• Edetic Acid, Disodium Salt, Dihydrate [M0330423]
  
• Edetic Acid, Disodium, Monopotassium Salt [M0330420]
  
• Edetic Acid, Magnesium Salt [M0330417]
  
• Edetic Acid, Monopotassium Salt [M0330422]
  
• Edetic Acid, Monosodium Salt [M0330418]
  
• Edetic Acid, Potassium Salt [M0330424]
  
• Edetic Acid, Sodium Salt [M0330425]
  
• Edrophonium [M0007057]
  A rapid-onset, short-acting cholinesterase inhibitor used in cardiac arrhythmias and in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. It has also been used as an antidote to curare principles.
  
• Edrophonium Bromide [M0007058]
  
• Edrophonium Chloride [M0007059]
  
• Effortil [M0350530]
  
• Efidac 24 [M0478180]
  
• Efortil [M0477842]
  
• Eglonyl [M0350880]
  
• Egtazic Acid [M0007133]
  A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.
  
• Egtazic Acid Disodium Salt [M0330429]
  
• Egtazic Acid Potassium Salt [M0330430]
  
• Egtazic Acid Sodium Salt [M0330428]
  
• Ekilid [M0475980]
  
• ektebin [M0476057]
  
• Elastica [M0019291]
  
• Elastomers [M0019288]
  A generic term for all substances having the properties of stretching under tension, high tensile strength, retracting rapidly, and recovering their original dimensions fully. They are generally POLYMERS.
  
• Elastosil [M0019855]
  
• Eldepryl [M0019603]
  
• Eldisine [M0476562]
  
• Elenium [M0353495]
  
• Elimite [M0056339]
  
• Elixophyllin [M0362255]
  
• Elkosin [M0350931]
  
• Ellagic Acid [M0007238]
  A fused four ring compound occurring free or combined in galls. Isolated from the kino of Eucalyptus maculata Hook and E. Hemipholia F. Muell. Activates Factor XII of the blood clotting system which also causes kinin release; used in research and as a dye.
  
• Ellagitannins [M0457293]
  
• Ellence [M0023489]
  
• Ellipticines [M0007239]
  Pyrido-CARBAZOLES originally discovered in the bark of OCHROSIA ELLIPTICA. They inhibit DNA and RNA synthesis and have immunosuppressive properties.
  
• EMB-Hefa [M0477799]
  
• Embanox [M0351794]
  
• Embarin [M0451679]
  
• EMBAY 8440 [M0361636]
  
• Embichin [M0013173]
  
• Embovin [M0353425]
  
• EMD-33512 [M0350807]
  
• Emdar [M0434738]
  
• Emepronium [M0007264]
  A muscarinic antagonist used mainly in the treatment of urinary syndromes. It is incompletely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and does not cross the blood-brain barrier.
  
• Emepronium Bromide [M0351160]
  
• Emergil [M0353367]
  
• Emeside [M0477810]
  
• Emetine [M0007281]
  The principal alkaloid of ipecac, from the ground roots of Uragoga (or Cephaelis) ipecacuanha or U. acuminata, of the Rubiaceae. It is used as an amebicide in many different preparations and may cause serious cardiac, hepatic, or renal damage and violent diarrhea and vomiting. Emetine inhibits protein synthesis in eucaryotic but not prokaryotic cells.
  
• Emetine Dihydrochloride [M0330432]
  
• Emetine Hydrochloride [M0007282]
  
• Eminase [M0024830]
  
• Emodin [M0007302]
  Purgative anthraquinone found in several plants, especially Rhamnus frangula. It was formerly used as a laxative, but is now used mainly as tool in toxicity studies.
  
• Emovit [M0332661]
  
• Emtryl [M0352074]
  
• Emulgen 911 [M0026037]
  
• Emulgin 913 [M0026038]
  
• EN-141 [M0352028]
  
• EN-1639A [M0014444]
  
• EN-2234A [M0352953]
  
• EN-313 [M0333636]
  
• Enalaprilat, (R)-Isomer, Anhydrous [M0329454]
  
• Enbucrilate [M0007334]
  A tissue adhesive that is applied as a monomer to moist tissue and polymerizes to form a bond. It is slowly biodegradable and used in all kinds of surgery, including dental.
  
• Enbucrilate, Homopolymer [M0330433]
  
• Encainide [M0025437]
  One of the ANTI-ARRHYTHMIA AGENTS, it blocks SODIUM CHANNELS and slows conduction within the His-Purkinje system and myocardium.
  
• Encainide Hydrochloride [M0329408]
  
• Encainide, (+)-Isomer [M0329407]
  
• Encainide, (-)-Isomer [M0329406]
  
• Encephabol [M0018264]
  
• Enclomiphene [M0004591]
  
• Enclomiphene Citrate [M0004592]
  
• Endabuse [M0352862]
  
• Endocannabinoids [M0443701]
  Endogenous compounds that bind to CANNABINOID RECEPTORS. They are structurally different from the CANNABINOIDS which are primarily derived from plants.
  
• Endocistobil [M0011646]
  
• Endographin [M0011647]
  
• Endoplus [M0431893]
  
• Endosprin [M0001874]
  
• Endosulfan [M0007429]
  A polychlorinated compound used for controlling a variety of insects. It is practically water-insoluble, but readily adheres to clay particles and persists in soil and water for several years. Its mode of action involves repetitive nerve-discharges positively correlated to increase in temperature. This compound is extremely toxic to most fish. (From Comp Biochem Physiol (C) 1993 Jul;105(3):347-61)
  
• Endrin [M0007439]
  An organochlorine compound that was formerly used as an insecticide. Its manufacture and use has been discontinued in the United States. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
  
• Enduracin [M0014809]
  
• Enduramide [M0014834]
  
• Enediynes [M0492285]
  Compounds with triple bonds to each side of a double bond. Many of these are CYTOTOXINS and are researched for use as CYTOTOXIC ANTIBIOTICS.
  
• Enerbol [M0018265]
  
• Enflurane [M0007446]
  An extremely stable inhalation anesthetic that allows rapid adjustments of anesthesia depth with little change in pulse or respiratory rate.
  
• Enfran [M0485304]
  
• Enirant [M0485089]
  
• Enkaid [M0350852]
  
• Enlirane [M0485303]
  
• Enoxacin [M0023652]
  A broad-spectrum 6-fluoronaphthyridinone antibacterial agent (FLUOROQUINOLONES) structurally related to NALIDIXIC ACID.
  
• Enoxacin Sesquihydrate [M0485309]
  
• Enoximone [M0026327]
  1,3-Dihydro-4-methyl-5-(4-(methylthio)benzoyl)-2H-imidazol-2-one. A selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor with vasodilating and positive inotropic activity that does not cause changes in myocardial oxygen consumption. It is used in patients with congestive heart failure.
  
• Enoxin [M0485308]
  
• Enoxor [M0485307]
  
• ENT-27,093 [M0351473]
  
• Ent-Kauranes [M0449326]
  
• Ent-Kaurenes [M0449327]
  
• Entero-Diyod [M0485377]
  
• Entero-Septol [M0011658]
  
• Entero-Vioform [M0011659]
  
• Enterodez [M0017400]
  
• Enteroquinol [M0011660]
  
• Entodiba [M0485376]
  
• Enzymes [M0007528]
  Biological molecules that possess catalytic activity. They may occur naturally or be synthetically created. Enzymes are usually proteins, however CATALYTIC RNA and CATALYTIC DNA molecules have also been identified.
  
• Eosin (yellowish) (free acid) [M0331221]
  
• Eosine I Bluish [M0016617]
  A red fluorescein dye used as a histologic stain. It may be cytotoxic, mutagenic, and inhibit certain mitochondrial functions.
  
• Eosine I Bluish, Dipotassium Salt [M0329840]
  
• Eosine Yellowish-(YS) [M0007531]
  A versatile red dye used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textiles, etc., and as tissue stain, vital stain, and counterstain with HEMATOXYLIN. It is also used in special culture media.
  
• Eosine Yellowish-(YS), Dipotassium Salt [M0331222]
  
• Eosine Yellowish-(YS), Potassium, Sodium Salt [M0331220]
  
• Epamin [M0016584]
  
• Epanutin [M0353241]
  
• Ephedrine [M0007539]
  An alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used in the treatment of several disorders including asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.
  
• Ephedrine Hydrochloride [M0485313]
  
• Ephedrine Renaudin [M0485312]
  
• Ephedrine Sulfate [M0485311]
  
• EPI-cell [M0485316]
  
• Epicatechin [M0003643]
  
• Epichlorohydrin [M0007543]
  A chlorinated epoxy compound used as an industrial solvent. It is a strong skin irritant and carcinogen.
  
• Epichlorohydrin, (+-)-Isomer [M0331399]
  
• Epichlorohydrin, (S)-Isomer [M0331400]
  
• Epifrin [M0007590]
  
• Epilem [M0485315]
  
• Epinephrine [M0007583]
  The active sympathomimetic hormone from the adrenal medulla in most species. It stimulates both the alpha- and beta- adrenergic systems, causes systemic vasoconstriction and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the heart, and dilates bronchi and cerebral vessels. It is used in asthma and cardiac failure and to delay absorption of local anesthetics.
  
• Epinigericin [M0014856]
  
• Epinine [M0351199]
  
• Epipodophyllotoxin [M0017088]
  
• Epirizole [M0007594]
  4-Methoxy-2-(5-methoxy-3-methylpyrazol-1-yl)-6-methylpyrimidine. A pyrimidinyl pyrazole with antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activity.
  
• Epirubicin [M0023488]
  An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA.
  
• Epirubicin Hydrochloride [M0329520]
  
• Epit Vit [M0458850]
  
• Epitelplast [M0432610]
  
• Epitol [M0354006]
  
• Epitrate [M0007584]
  
• Epodyl [M0351781]
  
• Epontol [M0351727]
  
• Epothilones [M0405146]
  A group of 16-member MACROLIDES which stabilize MICROTUBULES in a manner similar to PACLITAXEL. They were originally found in the myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum, now renamed to Polyangium (MYXOCOCCALES).
  
• Epoxy Compounds [M0007613]
  
• Epoxy Resins [M0007614]
  Organic compounds containing an epoxide group and characterized by strength and thermosetting properties. Epoxy resins are often used as dental materials.
  
• Epoxylite-9075 [M0361920]
  
• Equanil [M0013439]
  
• Eqvalan [M0331954]
  
• Eralzdin Practolol [M0017430]
  
• Ercar [M0477269]
  
• Erganton [M0485106]
  
• ergo sanol [M0485321]
  
• Ergo-Kranit [M0485320]
  
• ergobel [M0463056]
  
• Ergodavur [M0485088]
  
• Ergodesit [M0352815]
  
• Ergodryl Mono [M0485322]
  
• Ergoline [M0374693]
  
• Ergolines [M0007652]
  A series of structurally-related alkaloids that contain the ergoline backbone structure.
  
• Ergoloid Mesylates [M0007657]
  A mixture of the mesylates (methane sulfonates) of DIHYDROERGOCORNINE; DIHYDROERGOCRISTINE; and the alpha- and beta-isomers of DIHYDROERGOCRYPTINE. The substance produces a generalized peripheral vasodilation and a fall in arterial pressure and has been used to treat symptoms of mild to moderate impairment of mental function in the elderly.
  
• Ergomar [M0485319]
  
• Ergomimet [M0354246]
  
• Ergonovine [M0007653]
  An ergot alkaloid (ERGOT ALKALOIDS) with uterine and vascular smooth muscle contractile properties.
  
• Ergonovine Maleate [M0069657]
  
• Ergont [M0485105]
  
• Ergot Alkaloids [M0007656]
  Alkaloids originally isolated from the ergot fungus Claviceps purpurea (Hypocreaceae). They include compounds that are structurally related to ergoline (ERGOLINES) and ergotamine (ERGOTAMINES). Many of the ergot alkaloids act as alpha-adrenergic antagonists.
  
• Ergot Alkaloids, Hydrogenated [M0374754]
  
• ergotam von ct [M0485104]
  
• Ergotamine [M0007662]
  A vasoconstrictor found in ergot of Central Europe. It is an alpha-1 selective adrenergic agonist and is commonly used in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.
  
• Ergotamine Tartrate [M0330442]
  
• Ergotamine Tartrate (2:1) [M0330441]
  
• Ergotamines [M0007665]
  A series of structurally-related alkaloids containing the ergotaman backbone structure.
  
• Ergotaminine [M0007663]
  
• Ergothioneine [M0007666]
  A naturally occurring metabolite of HISTIDINE that has antioxidant properties.
  
• Ergotrate [M0069656]
  
• Erinit [M0350689]
  
• Eritron [M0373269]
  
• Eromycin [M0352019]
  
• Errolon [M0350916]
  
• Erycette [M0007720]
  
• Erymax [M0007721]
  
• EryPed [M0352023]
  
• Erythromycin [M0007715]
  A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.
  
• Erythromycin C [M0007718]
  
• Erythromycin Estolate [M0007723]
  A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. It is the lauryl sulfate salt of the propionic ester of erythromycin. This erythromycin salt acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.
  
• Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate [M0023980]
  A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. This compound is an ester of erythromycin base and succinic acid. It acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.
  
• Erythromycin Lactate [M0007716]
  
• Erythromycin Phosphate [M0007717]
  
• Erythroped [M0352022]
  
• Erythrosine [M0007727]
  A tetraiodofluorescein used as a red coloring in some foods (cherries, fish), as a disclosure of DENTAL PLAQUE, and as a stain of some cell types. It has structural similarity to THYROXINE.
  
• Esberizid [M0459372]
  
• Escitalopram [M0406596]
  S-enantiomer of citalopram.
  
• Esclama [M0476753]
  
• Eserine [M0351495]
  
• Esidrex [M0373034]
  
• Eskazole [M0431879]
  
• Esmacen [M0434789]
  
• Esomeprazole [M0427109]
  The S-isomer of omeprazole
  
• Esperal [M0006605]
  
• Espironolactona Alter [M0475748]
  
• Esquinon [M0352338]
  
• Estar [M0372330]
  
• Estazolam [M0007763]
  A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, hypnotic, and muscle relaxant properties. It has been shown in some cases to be more potent than DIAZEPAM or NITRAZEPAM.
  
• Esters [M0007766]
  
• Estrogens [M0007795]
  Compounds that interact with ESTROGEN RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of ESTRADIOL. Estrogens stimulate the female reproductive organs, and the development of secondary female SEX CHARACTERISTICS. Estrogenic chemicals include natural, synthetic, steroidal, or non-steroidal compounds.
  
• Estulic [M0350964]
  
• ET-495 [M0353383]
  
• Etambutol Llorente [M0477801]
  
• Etaminal [M0369491]
  
• Etanidazole [M0026334]
  A nitroimidazole that sensitizes hypoxic tumor cells that are normally resistant to radiation therapy.
  
• Etazolate [M0007803]
  A potent phosphodiesterase inhibitor proposed as an antipsychotic agent.
  
• Etazolate Hydrochloride [M0352608]
  
• Ethacridine [M0007806]
  A topically applied anti-infective agent.
  
• Ethacridine Lactate [M0007807]
  
• Ethacridine Lactate, Monohydrate [M0330351]
  
• Ethacridine Monohydrate [M0330352]
  
• Ethacrynate Sodium [M0330353]
  
• Ethacrynic Acid [M0007812]
  A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic.
  
• Ethambutol [M0007814]
  An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863)
  
• Ethambutol Hydrochloride [M0007816]
  
• Ethamide [M0350901]
  
• Ethamoxytriphetol [M0007818]
  A non-steroidal estrogen antagonist.
  
• Ethamsylate [M0007819]
  Benzenesulfonate derivative used as a systemic hemostatic.
  
• Ethane [M0007820]
  
• Ethanol [M0000653]
  A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.
  
• Ethanolamine [M0029475]
  A viscous, hygroscopic amino alcohol with an ammoniacal odor. It is widely distributed in biological tissue and is a component of lecithin. It is used as a surfactant, fluorimetric reagent, and to remove CO2 and H2S from natural gas and other gases.
  
• Ethanolamines [M0007823]
  AMINO ALCOHOLS containing the ETHANOLAMINE; (-NH2CH2CHOH) group and its derivatives.
  
• Ethchlorvynol [M0007824]
  A sedative and hypnotic that has been used in the short-term management of INSOMNIA. Its use has been superseded by other drugs.
  
• Ether, Ethyl [M0007827]
  A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.
  
• Ethers [M0007828]
  
• Ethers, Cyclic [M0007829]
  Compounds of the general formula R-O-R arranged in a ring or crown formation.
  
• Ethidium [M0007860]
  A trypanocidal agent and possible antiviral agent that is widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry. Ethidium has several experimentally useful properties including binding to nucleic acids, noncompetitive inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and fluorescence among others. It is most commonly used as the bromide.
  
• Ethidium Bromide [M0007861]
  
• Ethilon [M0015136]
  
• Ethiodan [M0351855]
  
• Ethionamide [M0007869]
  A second-line antitubercular agent that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis. It also may be used for treatment of leprosy. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p868)
  
• Ethmozine [M0024901]
  
• Ethodin [M0007808]
  
• Ethoform [M0351620]
  
• Ethoglucid [M0007884]
  Alkylating antineoplastic agent used especially in bladder neoplasms. It is toxic to hair follicles, gastro-intestinal tract, and vasculature.
  
• Ethopabate [M0007886]
  An inhibitor of folate metabolism. It is used as a coccidiostat in poultry.
  
• Ethosuximide [M0007887]
  An anticonvulsant especially useful in the treatment of absence seizures unaccompanied by other types of seizures.
  
• Ethoxy Compounds [M0007894]
  
• Ethoxyquin [M0007889]
  Antioxidant; also a post-harvest dip to prevent scald on apples and pears.
  
• Ethoxzolamide [M0007890]
  A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used as diuretic and in glaucoma. It may cause hypokalemia.
  
• Ethrane [M0351796]
  
• Ethyl Adrianol [M0350529]
  
• Ethyl Biscoumacetate [M0007891]
  A coumarin that is used as an anticoagulant. It has actions similar to those of WARFARIN. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p226)
  
• Ethyl Chloride [M0007893]
  A gas that condenses under slight pressure. Because of its low boiling point ethyl chloride sprayed on skin produces an intense cold by evaporation. Cold blocks nerve conduction. Ethyl chloride has been used in surgery but is primarily used to relieve local pain in sports medicine.
  
• Ethyl Ethers [M0007895]
  
• Ethyl Methanesulfonate [M0007896]
  An antineoplastic agent with alkylating properties. It also acts as a mutagen by damaging DNA and is used experimentally for that effect.
  
• Ethyl Propyl Ketones [M0010316]
  
• Ethylamines [M0007897]
  
• Ethyldimethylaminopropyl Carbodiimide [M0007898]
  Carbodiimide cross-linking reagent.
  
• Ethylene Bromide [M0024396]
  
• Ethylene Chlorohydrin [M0007899]
  Used as a solvent, in the manufacture of insecticides, and for treating sweet potatoes before planting. May cause nausea, vomiting, pains in head and chest, stupefaction. Irritates mucous membranes and causes kidney and liver degeneration.
  
• Ethylene Dibromide [M0024394]
  An effective soil fumigant, insecticide, and nematocide. In humans, it causes severe burning of skin and irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract. Prolonged inhalation may cause liver necrosis. It is also used in gasoline. Members of this group have caused liver and lung cancers in rodents. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), 1,2-dibromoethane may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen.
  
• Ethylene Dibromides [M0024395]
  
• Ethylene Dichlorides [M0007900]
  Toxic, chlorinated, saturated hydrocarbons. Include both the 1,1- and 1,2-dichloro isomers. The latter is considerably more toxic. It has a sweet taste, ethereal odor and has been used as a fumigant and intoxicant among sniffers. Has many household and industrial uses.
  
• Ethylene Glycol [M0029474]
  A colorless, odorless, viscous dihydroxy alcohol. It has a sweet taste, but is poisonous if ingested. Ethylene glycol is the most important glycol commercially available and is manufactured on a large scale in the United States. It is used as an antifreeze and coolant, in hydraulic fluids, and in the manufacture of low-freezing dynamites and resins.
  
• Ethylene Glycols [M0007901]
  An ethylene compound with two hydroxy groups (-OH) located on adjacent carbons. They are viscous and colorless liquids. Some are used as anesthetics or hypnotics. However, the class is best known for their use as a coolant or antifreeze.
  
• Ethylene Oxide [M0007902]
  A colorless and flammable gas at room temperature and pressure. Ethylene oxide is a bactericidal, fungicidal, and sporicidal disinfectant. It is effective against most micro-organisms, including viruses. It is used as a fumigant for foodstuffs and textiles and as an agent for the gaseous sterilization of heat-labile pharmaceutical and surgical materials. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p794)
  
• Ethylenebis(dithiocarbamates) [M0007903]
  A class of thiocarbamate derivatives whose salts possess fungicidal activity.
  
• Ethylenediamines [M0007904]
  
• Ethylenes [M0007905]
  Derivatives of ethylene, a simple organic gas of biological origin with many industrial and biological use.
  
• Ethylenethiourea [M0007906]
  A degradation product of ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) fungicides. It has been found to be carcinogenic and to cause THYROID hyperplasia.
  
• Ethylketocyclazocine [M0024932]
  A kappa opioid receptor agonist. The compound has analgesic action and shows positive inotropic effects on the electrically stimulated left atrium. It also affects various types of behavior in mammals such as locomotion, rearing, and grooming.
  
• Ethylketocyclazocine Methanesulfonate [M0024933]
  
• Ethylmaleimide [M0007908]
  A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies.
  
• Ethylmercuric Chloride [M0007909]
  A highly toxic compound used as a fungicide for treating seeds.
  
• Ethylmercury Compounds [M0007910]
  Organic mercury compounds in which the mercury is attached to an ethyl group.
  
• Ethylmorphine [M0007912]
  A narcotic analgesic and antitussive. It is metabolized in the liver by ETHYLMORPHINE-N-DEMETHYLASE and used as an indicator of liver function.
  
• Ethylmorphine Hydrochloride, (5alpha,6alpha)-Isomer [M0330366]
  
• Ethylmorphine Hydrochloride, Dihydrate, (5alpha,6alpha)-Isomer [M0330369]
  
• Ethylmorphine Sulfate (2:1), (5alpha,6alpha)-Isomer [M0330367]
  
• Ethylmorphine, (5alpha,6beta)-Isomer [M0330368]
  
• Ethylnitrosourea [M0007914]
  A nitrosourea compound with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.
  
• Ethymal [M0477817]
  
• Eti-Puren [M0477843]
  
• Etibi [M0477798]
  
• Etidocaine [M0007923]
  A local anesthetic with rapid onset and long action, similar to BUPIVACAINE.
  
• etil von ct [M0477844]
  
• Etilefrin AL [M0477845]
  
• Etilefrin-ratiopharm [M0477846]
  
• Etilefrine [M0007916]
  An adrenergic agonist that appears to interact with beta-2 and some alpha adrenergic receptors. It has been used as a vasoconstrictor agent.
  
• Etilefrine Hydrochloride [M0330371]
  
• Etilefrine Pivalate Hydrochloride [M0330370]
  
• Etimizol [M0007925]
  A xanthine-related, putative nootropic drug.
  
• Etioporphyrins [M0007927]
  Porphyrins with four methyl and four ethyl side chains attached to the pyrrole rings.
  
• Etodolac [M0026281]
  A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent with potent analgesic and antiarthritic properties. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; ankylosing SPONDYLITIS; and in the alleviation of postoperative pain (PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE).
  
• Etodolac, (+-)-Isomer [M0329289]
  
• Etodolac, (-)-Isomer [M0329290]
  
• Etodolac, (S)-Isomer [M0329291]
  
• Etodolac, Monosodium Salt [M0329286]
  
• Etodolac, Monosodium Salt, (+-) Isomer [M0329287]
  
• Etodolac, Monosodium Salt, (S)-Isomer [M0329288]
  
• Etomidate [M0007928]
  Imidazole derivative anesthetic and hypnotic with little effect on blood gases, ventilation, or the cardiovascular system. It has been proposed as an induction anesthetic.
  
• Etorphine [M0007932]
  A narcotic analgesic morphinan used as a sedative in veterinary practice.
  
• Etosuximida Faes [M0477818]
  
• Etran [M0351795]
  
• Etretinate [M0007934]
  An oral retinoid used in the treatment of keratotic genodermatosis, lichen planus, and psoriasis. Beneficial effects have also been claimed in the prophylaxis of epithelial neoplasia. The compound may be teratogenic.
  
• Etruscomycin [M0352034]
  
• EU-4200 [M0353382]
  
• Eucodal [M0352933]
  
• Eufibron [M0445259]
  
• Eufilina [M0432711]
  
• Eufilina Venosa [M0432710]
  
• Eugenol [M0007941]
  A cinnamate derivative of the shikamate pathway found in CLOVE OIL and other PLANTS.
  
• Euglucon 5 [M0352378]
  
• Euglucon N [M0352377]
  
• Euhypnos [M0021138]
  
• Eulexin [M0482786]
  
• Eunoctal [M0433375]
  
• Euphyllin Retard [M0351374]
  
• Euphylline [M0351373]
  
• Euphylong [M0021285]
  
• Eureceptor [M0350953]
  
• Eusaprim [M0024009]
  
• Euspiran [M0011784]
  
• Evans Blue [M0007985]
  An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.
  
• Evazol [M0485017]
  
• Evipan [M0373019]
  
• Evista [M0333877]
  
• Ex-Lax [M0474413]
  
• Exacyl [M0476864]
  
• Exidol [M0351641]
  
• Expanded PTFE [M0017262]
  
• Expeflen [M0452143]
  
• Expit [M0452144]
  
• Extencilline [M0351365]
  
• Extovyl [M0477354]
  
• Exypaque [M0351689]
  
• F-6066 [M0352323]
  
• F.I. 6714 [M0352829]
  
• Fadrozole [M0026296]
  A selective aromatase inhibitor effective in the treatment of estrogen-dependent disease including breast cancer.
  
• Fadrozole Monohydrochloride [M0329304]
  
• Fali-Cor [M0474435]
  
• Falicard [M0022606]
  
• Falisan-Nassbeize [M0352120]
  
• Falithrom [M0373203]
  
• Famel Bromhexine [M0465039]
  
• Famotidine [M0024121]
  A competitive histamine H2-receptor antagonist. Its main pharmacodynamic effect is the inhibition of gastric secretion.
  
• Famotidine Hydrochloride [M0329443]
  
• Fanasil [M0350925]
  
• Fanaxal [M0431913]
  
• FANFT [M0008228]
  A potent nitrofuran derivative tumor initiator. It causes bladder tumors in all animals studied and is mutagenic to many bacteria.
  
• Far-Go [M0351507]
  
• Fareston [M0026289]
  
• Farmabroxol [M0452145]
  
• Farmiblastina [M0479794]
  
• Farmorubicina [M0485317]
  
• Fasigyn [M0352086]
  
• Fat Substitutes [M0028813]
  Compounds used in food or in food preparation to replace dietary fats. They may be carbohydrate-, protein-, or fat-based. Fat substitutes are usually lower in calories but provide the same texture as fats.
  
• Faustan [M0006235]
  
• Favistan [M0352358]
  
• FB b 5097 [M0353210]
  
• FC-1157a [M0026290]
  
• FD & C Red No. 2 [M0350864]
  
• FD & C Yellow No. 5 [M0351383]
  
• FD&C Blue No. 2 [M0353725]
  
• Feen-A-Mint [M0474414]
  
• Feldene [M0016900]
  
• Felo Biochemie [M0478123]
  
• Felo-Puren [M0478124]
  
• Felobeta [M0478125]
  
• Felocor [M0478126]
  
• Felodipin 1A Pharma [M0478132]
  
• Felodipin AbZ [M0478133]
  
• Felodipin AL [M0478134]
  
• Felodipin AZU [M0478135]
  
• Felodipin dura [M0478136]
  
• Felodipin Heumann [M0478148]
  
• Felodipin Stada [M0478149]
  
• felodipin von ct [M0478150]
  
• Felodipin-ratiopharm [M0478151]
  
• Felodipine [M0024118]
  A dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with positive inotropic effects. It lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels.
  
• Felodur [M0478127]
  
• Felogamma [M0478128]
  
• Feloran [M0006289]
  
• Felviten [M0351791]
  
• Fenactil [M0354105]
  
• Fenamine [M0370892]
  
• Fenasal [M0350860]
  
• Fenbendazole [M0008324]
  Antinematodal benzimidazole used in veterinary medicine.
  
• Fenclonine Hydrochloride [M0329933]
  
• Fendiline [M0008325]
  Coronary vasodilator; inhibits calcium function in muscle cells in excitation-contraction coupling; proposed as antiarrhythmic and antianginal agents.
  
• Fendiline Hydrochloride [M0478137]
  
• Fenfluramine [M0008328]
  A centrally active drug that apparently both blocks serotonin uptake and provokes transport-mediated serotonin release.
  
• Fenfluramine Hydrochloride [M0008329]
  
• Fenfluramine Hydrochloride, (+-)-Isomer [M0331402]
  
• Fenfluramine Hydrochloride, R-Isomer [M0331403]
  
• Fenfluramine, (+-)-Isomer [M0331406]
  
• Fenfluramine, R-Isomer [M0331404]
  
• Fenigidin [M0369477]
  
• Fenilbutazon [M0016553]
  
• Fenilin [M0351701]
  
• Fenistil [M0006450]
  
• Fenobeta [M0478244]
  
• Fenofanton [M0478245]
  
• Fenofibrat AbZ [M0478246]
  
• Fenofibrat AL [M0478622]
  
• Fenofibrat AZU [M0478623]
  
• Fenofibrat Heumann [M0478624]
  
• Fenofibrat Hexal [M0478625]
  
• Fenofibrat Stada [M0478626]
  
• fenofibrat von ct [M0478627]
  
• Fenofibrat-ratiopharm [M0478628]
  
• F�nofibrate MSD [M0478154]
  
• Fenoldopam [M0028173]
  A dopamine D1 receptor agonist that is used as an antihypertensive agent. It lowers blood pressure through arteriolar vasodilation.
  
• Fenoldopam Hydrobromide [M0329177]
  
• Fenoldopam Mesylate [M0329176]
  
• Fenoprain [M0352001]
  
• Fenoprofen [M0008332]
  An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic highly bound to plasma proteins. It is pharmacologically similar to ASPIRIN, but causes less gastrointestinal bleeding.
  
• Fenoprofen Calcium [M0330378]
  
• Fenoprofen, Anhydrous, Calcium Salt [M0330377]
  
• Fenoterol [M0008335]
  An adrenergic beta-2 agonist that is used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.
  
• Fenoterol Hydrobromide [M0329001]
  
• Fenoterol Hydrochloride [M0331197]
  
• Fenretinide [M0026291]
  A synthetic retinoid that is used orally as a chemopreventive against prostate cancer and in women at risk of developing contralateral breast cancer. It is also effective as an antineoplastic agent.
  
• Fenretinide, 13-cis-Isomer [M0329299]
  
• Fensel [M0478129]
  
• Fentanest [M0008340]
  
• Fentanyl [M0008338]
  A potent narcotic analgesic, abuse of which leads to habituation or addiction. It is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. Fentanyl is also used as an adjunct to general anesthetics, and as an anesthetic for induction and maintenance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1078)
  
• Fentanyl Citrate [M0330379]
  
• Feosol [M0477640]
  
• Feprapax [M0463978]
  
• Feraken [M0474404]
  
• Ferrihaem [M0010075]
  
• Ferriprotoporphyrin [M0010076]
  
• Ferriprotoporphyrin IX [M0010077]
  
• Ferrous Ascorbate [M0001798]
  
• Ferrozine [M0008360]
  A ferroin compound that forms a stable magenta-colored solution with the ferrous ion. The complex has an absorption peak at 562 nm and is used as a reagent and indicator for iron.
  
• Ferrozine, Monosodium Salt [M0330382]
  
• Ferrozine, Monosodium Salt, Monohydrate [M0330381]
  
• Festamoxin [M0351096]
  
• FG-7051 [M0363572]
  
• FG-9065 [M0354001]
  
• Fiboran [M0434050]
  
• Fibrates [M0457739]
  Analogs of CLOFIBRIC ACID which are useful at inhibiting PPAR ALPHA for treatment of HYPERLIPIDEMIAS.
  
• Fibroderm [M0432609]
  
• Ficusin [M0008462]
  A naturally occurring furocoumarin, found in PSORALEA. After photoactivation with UV radiation, it binds DNA via single and double-stranded cross-linking.
  
• Fidium [M0477345]
  
• Fido's Free-Itch [M0467625]
  
• Filipin [M0008473]
  A complex of polyene antibiotics obtained from Streptomyces filipinensis. Filipin III alters membrane function by interfering with membrane sterols, inhibits mitochondrial respiration, and is proposed as an antifungal agent. Filipins I, II, and IV are less important.
  
• Filipin I [M0008474]
  
• Filipin II [M0008475]
  
• Filipin IV [M0008476]
  
• Fimomed [M0351405]
  
• Finlepsin [M0354007]
  
• Finoptin [M0373264]
  
• Firefly Luciferin [M0464579]
  A benzothaizole which is oxidized by LUCIFERASES, FIREFLY to cause emission of light (LUMINESCENCE).
  
• Fisifax [M0463057]
  
• FK-027 [M0333873]
  
• FK-506 [M0335288]
  
• FK749 [M0023551]
  
• FL-1039 [M0351100]
  
• FL-1060 [M0353670]
  
• FLA 63 [M0373536]
  
• FLA-731 [M0350884]
  
• FLA-870 [M0132670]
  
• Flagecidin [M0372298]
  
• Flagyl [M0013700]
  
• Flamazine [M0350922]
  
• Flavamed [M0452177]
  
• Flavanones [M0446752]
  A group of FLAVONOIDS characterized with a 4-ketone.
  
• Flavins [M0008544]
  Derivatives of the dimethylisoalloxazine (7,8-dimethylbenzo[g]pteridine-2,4(3H,10H)-dione) skeleton. Flavin derivatives serve an electron transfer function as ENZYME COFACTORS in FLAVOPROTEINS.
  
• Flavones [M0008549]
  A group of 4-keto-FLAVONOIDS.
  
• Flavonoids [M0444535]
  A group of phenyl benzopyrans named for having structures like FLAVONES.
  
• Flavonolignans [M0446743]
  Heterodimers of FLAVONOIDS bound to LIGNANS.
  
• Flavonols [M0060378]
  A group of 3-hydroxy-4-keto-FLAVONOIDS.
  
• Flavoquine [M0433380]
  
• Flavoxate [M0008552]
  A drug that has been used in various urinary syndromes and as an antispasmodic. Its therapeutic usefulness and its mechanism of action are not clear. It may have local anesthetic activity and direct relaxing effects on smooth muscle as well as some activity as a muscarinic antagonist.
  
• Flavoxate Hydrochloride [M0008554]
  
• Flaxedil [M0008956]
  
• FLB-472 [M0132671]
  
• Flecadura [M0478256]
  
• Flecainid-Isis [M0478257]
  
• Flecainide [M0008556]
  A potent anti-arrhythmia agent, effective in a wide range of ventricular and atrial arrhythmias and tachycardias. Paradoxically, however, in myocardial infarct patients with either symptomatic or asymptomatic arrhythmia, flecainide exacerbates the arrhythmia and is not recommended for use in these patients.
  
• Flecainide Acetate [M0330385]
  
• Flecainide Monoacetate, (+-)-Isomer [M0330326]
  
• Flecainide Monoacetate, (R)-Isomer [M0330269]
  
• Flecainide Monoacetate, (S)-Isomer [M0330268]
  
• Flecainide, (R)-Isomer [M0330266]
  
• Flecainide, (S)-Isomer [M0330267]
  
• Flecainide, 5-HO-N-(6-oxo)-Derivative [M0330386]
  
• Flecainide, 5-HO-N-(6-oxo)-Derivative, (+-)-Isomer [M0330383]
  
• Flecatab [M0478258]
  
• Fleet Bisacodyl [M0477472]
  
• Flegamin [M0002939]
  
• Fleroxacin [M0025289]
  A broad-spectrum antimicrobial fluoroquinolone. The drug strongly inhibits the DNA-supercoiling activity of DNA GYRASE.
  
• FLO-1347 [M0350883]
  
• Flopak Plain [M0467169]
  
• Floxacillin [M0008575]
  Antibiotic analog of CLOXACILLIN.
  
• Fluanxol [M0008639]
  
• Flubron [M0465040]
  
• Fluc Hexal [M0478553]
  
• Flucobeta [M0478554]
  
• FlucoLich [M0478555]
  
• Fluconazol AbZ [M0478556]
  
• Fluconazol AL [M0478557]
  
• Fluconazol Stada [M0478560]
  
• Fluconazol von ct [M0478561]
  
• Fluconazol-Isis [M0478562]
  
• Fluconazol-ratiopharm [M0478563]
  
• Fluconazole [M0024111]
  Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal candidiasis and cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS.
  
• Fludilat [M0351945]
  
• Flufenamic Acid [M0008579]
  An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is used in musculoskeletal and joint disorders and administered by mouth and topically. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p16)
  
• Flugalin [M0351585]
  
• Flukanide [M0351065]
  
• Fluken [M0482791]
  
• Flulem [M0482792]
  
• Flumadine [M0019120]
  
• Flumazenil [M0008585]
  A potent benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Since it reverses the sedative and other actions of benzodiazepines, it has been suggested as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdoses.
  
• Flumid [M0482794]
  
• Flunarizine [M0008587]
  Flunarizine is a selective calcium entry blocker with calmodulin binding properties and histamine H1 blocking activity. It is effective in the prophylaxis of migraine, occlusive peripheral vascular disease, vertigo of central and peripheral origin, and as an adjuvant in the therapy of epilepsy.
  
• Flunarizine Hydrochloride [M0330270]
  
• Flunazul [M0478564]
  
• Fluni 1A Pharma [M0478583]
  
• Flunibeta [M0478584]
  
• Flunimerck [M0478585]
  
• Fluninoc [M0478586]
  
• Flunir [M0463090]
  
• Flunitrazepam [M0008590]
  A benzodiazepine with pharmacologic actions similar to those of DIAZEPAM that can cause ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA. Some reports indicate that it is used as a date rape drug and suggest that it may precipitate violent behavior. The United States Government has banned the importation of this drug.
  
• Flunitrazepam-neuraxpharm [M0478587]
  
• Flunitrazepam-ratiopharm [M0478588]
  
• Flunitrazepam-Teva [M0478589]
  
• flunizep von ct [M0478590]
  
• Fluomycin [M0485015]
  
• Fluon [M0017268]
  
• Fluor-I-Strip A.T. [M0478616]
  
• Fluorenes [M0008597]
  A family of diphenylenemethane derivatives.
  
• Fluorescamine [M0008598]
  A nonfluorescent reagent for the detection of primary amines, peptides and proteins. The reaction products are highly fluorescent.
  
• Fluorescein [M0029368]
  A phthalic indicator dye that appears yellow-green in normal tear film and bright green in a more alkaline medium, such as the aqueous humor, and is used therapeutically as a diagnostic aid in corneal injuries and corneal trauma. It has been approved by FDA for use in externally applied drugs and cosmetics. (From Merck Index, 12th ed; American Medical Association Drug Evaluations; 1995, p2275)
  
• Fluorescein (5 or 6)-Isothiocyanate [M0329381]
  
• Fluorescein Dipotassium Salt [M0329116]
  
• Fluorescein Monosodium Salt [M0329114]
  
• Fluorescein Sodium [M0354230]
  
• Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate [M0025373]
  Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.
  
• Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Hydrochloride [M0329382]
  
• Fluoresceins [M0008602]
  A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays.
  
• Fluorescite [M0478614]
  
• Fluorets [M0478617]
  
• Fluorinated Telomer Alcohols [M0496631]
  
• Fluoroacetates [M0008620]
  Derivatives of acetic acid with one or more fluorines attached. They are almost odorless, difficult to detect chemically, and very stable. The acid itself, as well as the derivatives that are broken down in the body to the acid, are highly toxic substances, behaving as convulsant poisons with a delayed action. (From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed)
  
• Fluorobenzenes [M0008621]
  
• Fluorocarbon Emulsions [M0008624]
  
• Fluorocarbon Polymers [M0008622]
  
• Fluorocarbon Resins [M0008623]
  
• Fluorocarbons [M0008625]
  Liquid perfluorinated carbon compounds which may or may not contain a hetero atom such as nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, but do not contain another halogen or hydrogen atom. This concept includes fluorocarbon emulsions and fluorocarbon blood substitutes.
  
• Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 [M0029360]
  The compound is given by intravenous injection to do POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY for the assessment of cerebral and myocardial glucose metabolism in various physiological or pathological states including stroke and myocardial ischemia. It is also employed for the detection of malignant tumors including those of the brain, liver, and thyroid gland. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1162)
  
• Fluoroplast [M0017266]
  
• Fluoroquinolones [M0372253]
  A group of QUINOLONES with at least one fluorine atom and a piperazinyl group.
  
• Fluothane [M0351863]
  
• Fluoxetine [M0008635]
  The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.
  
• Fluoxetine Hydrochloride [M0351280]
  
• Flupenthixol [M0008640]
  A thioxanthene neuroleptic that, unlike CHLORPROMAZINE, is claimed to have CNS-activating properties. It is used in the treatment of psychoses although not in excited or manic patients. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p595)
  
• Fluphenazine [M0008641]
  A phenothiazine used in the treatment of PSYCHOSES. Its properties and uses are generally similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE.
  
• Fluphenazine Hydrochloride [M0354107]
  
• Flupyrazapon [M0023147]
  
• Flupyrazopon [M0023148]
  
• Fluram [M0350965]
  
• Flurazepam [M0008645]
  A benzodiazepine derivative used mainly as a hypnotic.
  
• Flurazepam Hydrochloride [M0330277]
  
• Flurazepam Mono-Perchlorate [M0330278]
  
• Flurazepam Monohydrochloride [M0330279]
  
• Flurbiprofen [M0008647]
  An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic of the phenylalkynoic acid series. It has been shown to reduce bone resorption in periodontal disease by inhibiting carbonic anhydrase.
  
• Flurbiprofen Sodium [M0478669]
  
• Flurothyl [M0008648]
  A convulsant primarily used in experimental animals. It was formerly used to induce convulsions as a alternative to electroshock therapy.
  
• Flusemide [M0463045]
  
• Fluspi [M0478673]
  
• Fluspirilen beta [M0478671]
  
• Fluspirilen Lindo [M0478672]
  
• Fluspirilene [M0008650]
  A long-acting injectable antipsychotic agent used for chronic schizophrenia.
  
• Fluta 1A Pharma [M0482795]
  
• Fluta-cell [M0482796]
  
• Fluta-GRY [M0482797]
  
• Flutamide [M0008651]
  An antiandrogen with about the same potency as cyproterone in rodent and canine species.
  
• Flutamin [M0482798]
  
• Flutandrona [M0482799]
  
• Flutaplex [M0482800]
  
• Flutexin [M0482801]
  
• Fluvoxadura [M0482912]
  
• Fluvoxamin AL [M0482913]
  
• Fluvoxamin beta [M0482914]
  
• Fluvoxamin Stada [M0482915]
  
• Fluvoxamin-neuraxpharm [M0482916]
  
• Fluvoxamin-ratiopharm [M0482917]
  
• Fluvoxamina Geminis [M0482918]
  
• Fluvoxamine [M0025397]
  A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. It is effective in the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorders, anxiety, panic disorders, and alcohol amnestic disorders.
  
• Fluvoxamine Maleate [M0351235]
  
• Fluvoxamine Maleate, (E)-Isomer [M0329384]
  
• Fluvoxamine, (Z)-Isomer [M0329386]
  
• Fluxema [M0459362]
  
• FMC-33297 [M0056340]
  
• Folacin [M0008660]
  
• Folate Polyglutamates [M0018078]
  
• Folic Acid [M0008658]
  A member of the vitamin B family that stimulates the hematopoietic system. It is present in the liver and kidney and is found in mushrooms, spinach, yeast, green leaves, and grasses (POACEAE). Folic acid is used in the treatment and prevention of folate deficiencies and megaloblastic anemia.
  
• Folic Acid, (D)-Isomer [M0330288]
  
• Folic Acid, (DL)-Isomer [M0330289]
  
• Folic Acid, Calcium Salt (1:1) [M0330290]
  
• Folic Acid, Monopotassium Salt [M0330285]
  
• Folic Acid, Monosodium Salt [M0330287]
  
• Folic Acid, Potassium Salt [M0330284]
  
• Folic Acid, Sodium Salt [M0330286]
  
• Foligan [M0451759]
  
• Folvite [M0008661]
  
• Food Orange 8 [M0351960]
  
• Fordiuran [M0465167]
  
• Formaldehyde [M0008753]
  A highly reactive aldehyde gas formed by oxidation or incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. In solution, it has a wide range of uses: in the manufacture of resins and textiles, as a disinfectant, and as a laboratory fixative or preservative. Formaldehyde solution (formalin) is considered a hazardous compound, and its vapor toxic. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p717)
  
• Formalin [M0372970]
  
• Formamides [M0008756]
  A group of amides with the general formula of R-CONH2.
  
• Formates [M0008758]
  
• Formazans [M0008759]
  Colored azo compounds formed by the reduction of tetrazolium salts. Employing this reaction, oxidoreductase activity can be determined quantitatively in tissue sections by allowing the enzymes to act on their specific substrates in the presence of tetrazolium salts.
  
• Formic Acid Esters [M0008760]
  
• Formic Acids [M0008761]
  
• Formiminoglutamic Acid [M0008762]
  Measurement of this acid in the urine after oral administration of histidine provides the basis for the diagnostic test of folic acid deficiency and of megaloblastic anemia of pregnancy.
  
• Formocresols [M0008763]
  
• Formol [M0008754]
  
• Formyltetrahydrofolates [M0008775]
  Tetrahydrofolates which are substituted by a formyl group at either the nitrogen atom in the 5 position or the nitrogen atom in the 10 position. N(5)-Formyltetrahydrofolate is leukovorin (citrovorum factor) while N(10)-formyltetrahydrofolate is an active coenzyme which functions as a carrier of the formyl group in a number of enzymatic reactions.
  
• Forneau 933 [M0373151]
  
• Forskolin [M0008777]
  Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant Coleus forskohlii. Has antihypertensive, positive ionotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland.
  
• Fortaz [M0351087]
  
• Fortral [M0016181]
  
• Fortrigo [M0351479]
  
• Fortum [M0003730]
  
• Fotexina [M0477380]
  
• Foy [M0025402]
  
• FPL-59002 [M0353992]
  
• FPL-670 [M0353584]
  
• FR-13749 [M0023552]
  
• FR-17027 [M0333872]
  
• FR-900506 [M0335295]
  
• Frenopect [M0452179]
  
• Freons [M0008839]
  
• Fresofol [M0476033]
  
• Froben [M0478663]
  
• Ftorotan [M0351862]
  
• Fugerel [M0482802]
  
• Fuklasin [M0023143]
  
• Ful-Glo [M0478618]
  
• Fulvicin-U-F [M0373012]
  
• Fumarates [M0008880]
  
• Fumonisins [M0412511]
  A group of MYCOTOXINS found in CORN contaminated with FUSARIUM fungus. They are chains of about 20 carbons with acidic ester, acetylamino and sometimes other substituents. They inhibit ceramide synthetase conversion of SPHINGOLIPIDS to CERAMIDES.
  
• Fundazol [M0002313]
  
• Funduscein [M0350972]
  
• Fungata [M0478565]
  
• Fungicidin [M0015151]
  
• Fungizone [M0352004]
  
• Fura-2 [M0024836]
  A fluorescent calcium chelating agent which is used to study intracellular calcium in many tissues. The fluorescent and chelating properties of Fura-2 aid in the quantitation of endothelial cell injury, in monitoring ATP-dependent calcium uptake by membrane vesicles, and in the determination of the relationship between cytoplasmic free calcium and oxidase activation in rat neutrophils.
  
• Furacilin [M0352072]
  
• Furacin [M0352071]
  
• Furadan [M0351484]
  
• Furadantine [M0014894]
  
• Furadoine [M0352070]
  
• Furadonine [M0352069]
  
• Furagin [M0008895]
  Nitrofuran derivative anti-infective agent used for urinary tract infections.
  
• Furaldehyde [M0008897]
  
• Furans [M0008898]
  Compounds with a 5-membered ring of four carbons and an oxygen. They are aromatic heterocycles. The reduced form is tetrahydrofuran.
  
• Furanthril [M0350915]
  
• Furantoin [M0352068]
  
• Furantral [M0350914]
  
• Furazidin [M0352061]
  
• Furazol [M0352063]
  
• Furazolidone [M0008899]
  A nitrofuran derivative with antiprotozoal and antibacterial activity. Furazolidone acts by gradual inhibition of monoamine oxidase. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p514)
  
• Furocoumarins [M0017972]
  The most prominent linear type of furocoumarin is PSORALEN. An example of the angular type of furocoumarin is angelicin. In plants, they derive from mevalonic acid addition to umbelliferone and subsequent cyclization.
  
• Furosemide [M0008900]
  A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.
  
• Furosemide Monohydrochloride [M0330298]
  
• Furosemide Monosodium Salt [M0330297]
  
• Furoxone [M0352062]
  
• Fursultiamin [M0008902]
  Compound used for therapy of thiamine deficiency. It has also been suggested for several non-deficiency disorders but has not yet proven useful.
  
• Fursultiamin Hydrochloride [M0330299]
  
• Fursultiamin Monohydrochloride [M0330300]
  
• Furylfuramide [M0008905]
  Used formerly as antimicrobial food additive. It causes mutations in many cell cultures and may be carcinogenic.
  
• Fusaric Acid [M0008907]
  A picolinic acid derivative isolated from various Fusarium species. It has been proposed for a variety of therapeutic applications but is primarily used as a research tool. Its mechanisms of action are poorly understood. It probably inhibits DOPAMINE BETA-HYDROXYLASE, the enzyme that converts dopamine to norepinephrine. It may also have other actions, including the inhibition of cell proliferation and DNA synthesis.
  
• Fusid [M0350913]
  
• Fustermizol [M0434790]
  
• G-30,320 [M0354094]
  
• G-Wizz [M0467627]
  
• Gabacet [M0474900]
  
• Gabexate [M0025401]
  A serine proteinase inhibitor used therapeutically in the treatment of pancreatitis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and as a regional anticoagulant for hemodialysis. The drug inhibits the hydrolytic effects of thrombin, plasmin, and kallikrein, but not of chymotrypsin and aprotinin.
  
• Gabexate Methanesulfonate [M0329387]
  
• Gabexate Monomethanesulfonate [M0329389]
  
• Gabexate Monomethanesulfonate, 14C-Labeled Cpd [M0329388]
  
• Gabunat [M0460659]
  
• Gadolinium DTPA [M0029353]
  A complex of gadolinium with a chelating agent, diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA see PENTETIC ACID), that is given to enhance the image in cranial and spinal MRIs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p706)
  
• Gadolinium DTPA Disodium Salt [M0329086]
  
• Gadopentetate Dimeglumine [M0329085]
  
• Galactolipids [M0060410]
  A group of GLYCOLIPIDS in which the sugar group is GALACTOSE. They are distinguished from GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS in lacking nitrogen. They constitute the majority of MEMBRANE LIPIDS in PLANTS.
  
• Galantamine [M0008951]
  A benzazepine derived from norbelladine. It is found in GALANTHUS and other AMARYLLIDACEAE. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor that has been used to reverse the muscular effects of GALLAMINE TRIETHIODIDE and TUBOCURARINE and has been studied as a treatment for ALZHEIMER DISEASE and other central nervous system disorders.
  
• Galanthamine Hydrobromide [M0330309]
  
• Gallamine [M0008953]
  
• Gallamine Triethiodide [M0008954]
  A synthetic nondepolarizing blocking drug. The actions of gallamine triethiodide are similar to those of TUBOCURARINE, but this agent blocks the cardiac vagus and may cause sinus tachycardia and, occasionally, hypertension and increased cardiac output. It should be used cautiously in patients at risk from increased heart rate but may be preferred for patients with bradycardia. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p198)
  
• Gallamine Triethochloride [M0008955]
  
• Gallic Acid [M0008960]
  A colorless or slightly yellow crystalline compound obtained from nutgalls. It is used in photography, pharmaceuticals, and as an analytical reagent.
  
• Gallium EDTA [M0007069]
  
• Gallobeta [M0482976]
  
• Gallopamil [M0008964]
  Coronary vasodilator that is an analog of iproveratril (VERAPAMIL) with one more methoxy group on the benzene ring.
  
• Gallopamil Hydrochloride [M0482974]
  
• gallopamil von ct [M0482977]
  
• Gallotannins [M0457292]
  
• Galusan [M0474778]
  
• Galzin [M0351389]
  
• Gamadiabet [M0431672]
  
• Gamanil [M0354016]
  
• Gamma-666 [M0351874]
  
• gamma-Hydroxybutyrate [M0020114]
  
• gamma-Lumicolchicine [M0012731]
  
• Gamma-OH [M0475566]
  
• Gammexane [M0351872]
  
• Gantanol [M0392795]
  
• Gantrisin [M0350934]
  
• Gardenal [M0016516]
  
• Gargilon [M0485014]
  
• Gascop [M0431899]
  
• Gasparol [M0352569]
  
• Gastrocure [M0492502]
  
• Gastrograffin [M0352441]
  
• Gastromiro [M0353502]
  
• Gastrotrast [M0373166]
  
• Gastrotsepin [M0475053]
  
• Gastrozepin [M0016895]
  
• Gastrozepin Brand of Vinblastine Sulfate [M0476539]
  
• Gebauer's Ethyl Chloride [M0477826]
  
• Gelopol [M0452181]
  
• Gemiton [M0004612]
  
• Gen-Amantadine [M0432298]
  
• Gen-Bromazepam [M0477487]
  
• Gen-Buspirone [M0465824]
  
• Gen-Fenofibrate [M0478155]
  
• Gen-Gliclazide [M0483098]
  
• Gen-Nortriptyline [M0464775]
  
• Gen-Sertraline [M0475547]
  
• Gen-Temazepam [M0476079]
  
• Gen-Trazodone [M0476872]
  
• Gen-Triazolam [M0476883]
  
• Gen-Warfarin [M0476571]
  
• Genaspor [M0476663]
  
• Genistein [M0029441]
  An isoflavonoid derived from soy products. It inhibits PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE and topoisomerase-II (DNA TOPOISOMERASES, TYPE II); activity and is used as an antineoplastic and antitumor agent. Experimentally, it has been shown to induce G2 phase arrest in human and murine cell lines.
  
• GenRX Moclobemide [M0474405]
  
• Gentiaanviolet FNA [M0474260]
  
• Gentian Violet [M0009174]
  A dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties.
  
• Gentisates [M0009175]
  Salts and esters of gentisic acid.
  
• Geomycin [M0350820]
  
• Geon [M0351811]
  
• Geopen [M0354301]
  
• Geram [M0474902]
  
• Gericin [M0463339]
  
• Geridium [M0474754]
  
• Geriocaine [M0017612]
  
• Germanin [M0020854]
  
• Germex [M0002325]
  
• Germine Acetates [M0009209]
  Germine derivatives acetylated on any one or more of the hydroxy groups. These compounds are present in many polyester alkaloids which occur in Veratrum and Zygadenus species. They are used as antihypertensive agents, and in some cases, exhibit curare-like activity.
  
• Germine-3-monoacetate [M0009210]
  
• Gerokit [M0017613]
  
• Geroxalen [M0474230]
  
• Gesaguard 50 [M0017721]
  
• Gesamprim [M0353435]
  
• Getroxel [M0351478]
  
• G�vatran [M0462783]
  
• GG 167 [M0217192]
  
• Gibberellins [M0009226]
  A class of plant growth hormone isolated from cultures of Gibberella fujikuroi, a fungus causing Bakanae disease in rice. There are many different members of the family as well as mixtures of multiple members; all are diterpenoid acids based on the gibberellane skeleton.
  
• Giemsa Stain [M0002093]
  
• Giemsa-11 [M0002094]
  
• Gilurtymal [M0354272]
  
• Gilustenon [M0009432]
  
• Gineflavir [M0013701]
  
• Ginipral [M0351215]
  
• Ginkgolides [M0455967]
  DITERPENES with three LACTONES and a unique tert-butyl group, which are found in GINKGO plants along with BILOBALIDES.
  
• Gladem [M0475548]
  
• Glafenine [M0009256]
  An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic properties used for the relief of all types of pain.
  
• Glaucarubin [M0009259]
  (1 beta,2 alpha,11 beta,12 alpha,15 beta(S))-11,20-Epoxy-1,2,11,12-tetrahydroxy-15-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-oxobutoxy)picras-3-en-16-one. A quassinoid (Simaroubolide) from Simaruba glauca, a tropical shrub. It has been used as an antiamebic agent and is found to be cytotoxic. It may be of use in cancer chemotherapy.
  
• Glauconide [M0477658]
  
• Glauconox [M0431651]
  
• Glaupax [M0431652]
  
• Glianimon [M0459375]
  
• Gliclazide [M0009266]
  An oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent which stimulates insulin secretion.
  
• Glipizide [M0009278]
  An oral hypoglycemic agent which is rapidly absorbed and completely metabolized.
  
• Gliporal [M0465162]
  
• Glucal [M0351614]
  
• Glucamide [M0352366]
  
• Glucaric Acid [M0009320]
  A sugar acid derived from D-glucose in which both the aldehydic carbon atom and the carbon atom bearing the primary hydroxyl group are oxidized to carboxylic acid groups.
  
• Glucidoral [M0477274]
  
• Glucobiogen [M0351613]
  
• Gluconate de Calcium Lavoisier [M0467170]
  
• Gluconato Calc Fresenius [M0467171]
  
• Glucophage [M0013536]
  
• Glucotrol [M0352371]
  
• Gludesin [M0350825]
  
• Glupitel [M0483104]
  
• Glutaral [M0009386]
  One of the protein CROSS-LINKING REAGENTS that is used as a disinfectant for sterilization of heat-sensitive equipment and as a laboratory reagent, especially as a fixative.
  
• Glutarates [M0009387]
  
• Glutarol [M0483114]
  
• Glutethimide [M0009406]
  A hypnotic and sedative. Its use has been largely superseded by other drugs.
  
• Glyade [M0483099]
  
• Glyburide [M0009265]
  An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions similar to those of chlorpropamide.
  
• Glyceric Acids [M0009413]
  
• Glyceryl Ethers [M0009424]
  Compounds in which one or more of the three hydroxyl groups of glycerol are in ethereal linkage with a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic alcohol; one or two of the hydroxyl groups of glycerol may be esterified. These compounds have been found in various animal tissue.
  
• Glycine Theophyllinate [M0021286]
  
• Glycolates [M0009477]
  
• Glycols