Plant

MeSH ID: T002

Related Concepts:

• Abelmoschus [M0382436]
  A plant genus of the family MALVACEAE, order Malvales, subclass Dilleniidae best known for okra.
  
• Abelmoschus esculentus [M0029167]
  
• Abies [M0381817]
  A plant genus in the family PINACEAE, order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Coniferophyta. Balm of Gilead is a common name more often referring to POPULUS and sometimes to COMMIPHORA.
  
• Abies balsamea [M0406173]
  
• Abronia [M0418699]
  A plant genus. The common name of sand verbena is easily confused with the unrelated VERBENA genus.
  
• Abrus [M0385497]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members contain ABRIN.
  
• Abrus precatorius [M0385498]
  
• Acacia [M0000068]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The gums and tanning agents obtained from Acacia are called GUM ARABIC. The common name of catechu is more often used for Areca catechu (ARECA).
  
• Acacia catechu [M0397059]
  
• Acanthaceae [M0381110]
  A plant family of the order Scrophulariales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. It is characterized by simple leaves in opposite pairs, cystoliths (enlarged cells containing crystals of calcium carbonate), and bilaterally symmetrical and bisexual flowers that are usually crowded together. The common name for Ruellia of wild petunia is easily confused with PETUNIA.
  
• Acanthopanax [M0396541]
  A plant genus of the family ARALIACEAE. Ciwujia extract, which is prepared from plants of this genus, contains ciwujianosides and is used to enhance PHYSICAL ENDURANCE.
  
• Acanthus [M0418529]
  
• Acer [M0396431]
  A plant genus of the family ACERACEAE, best known for trees with palmately lobed leaves.
  
• Acer negundo [M0396432]
  
• Acer saccharum [M0396433]
  
• Aceraceae [M0396430]
  A plant family of the order Sapindales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. Leaves are opposite and usually toothed or lobed. The fruit, a samara (a winged nutlet), splits into two (rarely three) winged, one-seeded parts. This family is widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere.
  
• Achillea [M0396776]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE that has long been used in folk medicine for treating wounds.
  
• Achillea millefolium [M0396777]
  
• Achyranthes [M0383738]
  A plant genus of the family AMARANTHACEAE, order Caryophyllales, which has been used in traditional medicine (MEDICINE, CHINESE TRADITIONAL).
  
• Achyrocline [M0411414]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain TERPENES and achyrofuran, a prenylated dibenzofuran (BENZOFURANS).
  
• Acnistus [M0419691]
  
• Acokanthera [M0396504]
  A plant genus of the family APOCYNACEAE.
  
• Aconitum [M0398926]
  A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE. Members contain a number of diterpenoid alkaloids including: aconitans, hypaconitine, ACONITINE, jesaconitine, ignavine, napelline, and mesaconitine. The common name of Wolfbane is similar to the common name for ARNICA.
  
• Aconitum napellus [M0398927]
  
• Acoraceae [M0383704]
  A plant family of the order Arales, subclass Arecidae, class Liliopsida (monocot).
  
• Acorus [M0383706]
  A plant genus of the family ACORACEAE, order Arales, subclass Arecidae most notable for Acorus calamus L. root which contains asarone and has been used in traditional medicine.
  
• Acorus calamus [M0383707]
  
• Acronychia [M0418915]
  
• Actaea [M0398947]
  A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE. Cycloartanes have been found in the rhizomes.
  
• Actinidia [M0383735]
  A plant species of the family ACTINIDIACEAE, order Theales.
  
• Actinidia deliciosa [M0383736]
  Actinidia deliciosa (A. Chev.) C. F. Liang & A. R. Ferguson = Actinidia chinensis P.
  
• Actinidiaceae [M0383733]
  A plant family of the order Theales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. It is best known for Kiwi fruit (ACTINIDIA).
  
• Adansonia [M0406955]
  A plant genus of the family BOMBACACEAE that is used for FOOD and MEDICINE, TRADITIONAL.
  
• Adenophora [M0448318]
  
• Adhatoda [M0381111]
  A plant genus in the family ACANTHACEAE. Adhatoda vasica Nees is a source of vasicine.
  
• Adhatoda vasica [M0381112]
  Adhatoda vasica Nees = Justicia adhatoda L.
  
• Adiantum [M0408010]
  A plant genus of the family Pteridaceae. Members contain TRITERPENES. Some species in this genus are called maidenhair fern which is also a common name occasionally used for Lygodium (FERNS) and POLYPODIUM.
  
• Adonis [M0398948]
  A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE. Members contain cardenolide oligoglycosides such as adoniside, adonisidum and alepposide.
  
• Adonis vernalis [M0398949]
  
• Adoxa [M0396437]
  A plant genus of the family Adoxaceae.
  
• Adoxaceae [M0396436]
  A plant family of the order Dipsacales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. Members of this family are sometimes classified in CAPRIFOLIACEAE.
  
• Aegiceras [M0398530]
  A plant genus of the family MYRSINACEAE that contains 5-O-methylembelin.
  
• Aegle [M0448367]
  A plant genus of the family RUTACEAE.
  
• Aegle marmelos [M0448368]
  
• Aerva [M0448296]
  
• Aesculus [M0397119]
  A plant genus of the family HIPPOCASTANACEAE (or SAPINDACEAE by some) that contains antimicrobial protein 1 and escin. A. hippocastanum is used in folk medicine for treating chronic venous insufficiency.
  
• Aesculus hippocastanum [M0397120]
  
• Aframomum [M0418984]
  
• Afzelia [M0418654]
  
• Agastache [M0397144]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that contains tilianin, agastanol, and agastaquinone (a cytotoxic diterpenoid quinone).
  
• Agavaceae [M0381058]
  A plant family of the order Liliales, subclass Liliidae, class Liliopsida. Members of the family have narrow, lance-shaped, sometimes fleshy or toothed leaves that are clustered at the base of each plant. Most species have large flower clusters containing many flowers. The fruit is a capsule or berry.
  
• Agave [M0381059]
  A genus known for fibers obtained from their leaves: sisal from A. sisalana, henequen from A. fourcroyoides and A. cantala, or Manila-Maguey fiber from A. cantala. Some species provide a sap that is fermented to an intoxicating drink, called pulque in Mexico. Some contain agavesides.
  
• Agelaea [M0399265]
  A plant genus of the family CONNARACEAE.
  
• Ageratina [M0410233]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. The common name of snakeroot is also used for POLYGALA; SANICULA; ARISTOLOCHIA and others.
  
• Ageratina adenophora [M0410234]
  
• Ageratum [M0396778]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE that contains PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS. Yellow vein disease of Ageratum is caused by a viral DNA complex of a begomovirus (GEMINIVIRIDAE).
  
• Aglaia [M0398486]
  A plant genus of the family MELIACEAE. Members contain lariciresinol, pregnanes, insecticidal rocaglamide derivatives and other compounds.
  
• Agrimonia [M0399282]
  A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE that has been used in folk treatment of diabetes. Members contain agrimoniin (TANNINS).
  
• Agrimonia eupatoria [M0399284]
  
• Agrimonia pilosa [M0399283]
  
• Agropyron [M0398650]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The common name of wheatgrass is also used for other plants in the family.
  
• Agrostemma [M0396916]
  A plant genus of the family CARYOPHYLLACEAE that contains ALLANTOIN and a ribosome-inactivating protein.
  
• Agrostis [M0398651]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE.
  
• Ailanthus [M0400014]
  A plant genus of the family SIMAROUBACEAE. Members contain ailantinols and other quassinoids.
  
• Ailanthus altissima [M0400015]
  
• Aizoaceae [M0408075]
  A plant family of the order Caryophyllales, subclass Caryophyllidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Ajuga [M0397145]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that contains cyasterone, ajugasterone, 20-hydroxyecdysone, 8-acetylharpagide (an iridoid glycoside).
  
• Alangiaceae [M0401027]
  A plant family of the order Cornales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida, consisting of slow-growing evergreen trees common in tropical forests of south India and Burma. Members contain tetrahydroisoquinoline-monoterpene and iridoid glycosides.
  
• Alangium [M0401028]
  
• Albizzia [M0397060]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that contains julibroside (triterpenoid saponins).
  
• Alchemilla [M0399285]
  A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE. Members contain esculetin and QUERCETIN.
  
• Alchornea [M0418637]
  
• Aleurites [M0397040]
  A plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE that is the source of tung oil and a phorbol diester (PHORBOL ESTERS).
  
• Alisma [M0406432]
  A plant genus of the family ALISMATACEAE. The flowers have 3 green sepals, 3 yellow and white petals, 6 stamens, and several pistils. Members contain TRITERPENES and SESQUITERPENES. Alisma is a component of tokishakuyakusan. Some species in this genus are called water plantain which is also a common name for other ALISMATACEAE plants.
  
• Alismataceae [M0406431]
  A plant family of the subclass ALISMATIDAE, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons) of aquatic plants. The flower parts are in threes with 3 green sepals and 3 white or yellow petals.
  
• Alismatidae [M0408749]
  A plant subclass of the class Liliopsida (monocotyledons) in the Chronquist classification system. This is equivalent to the Alismatales order in the APG classification system. It is a primitive group of more or less aquatic plants.
  
• Alkanna [M0418615]
  
• Allanblackia [M0448375]
  
• Alliaceae [M0000742]
  
• Allium [M0000740]
  A genus of the plant family Liliaceae (sometimes classified as Alliaceae) in the order Liliales. Many produce pungent, often bacteriostatic and physiologically active compounds and are used as food, condiment, and medicament, the latter in traditional medicine.
  
• Allium ascalonicum [M0460653]
  
• Allium cepa [M0460651]
  Plant that provides onions.
  
• Allium porrum [M0029251]
  Plant that provides leeks.
  
• Almond Tree [M0387945]
  
• Alnus [M0385113]
  A plant genus of the family BETULACEAE that is distinguished from birch (BETULA) by its usually stalked winter buds and by cones that remain on the branches after the small, winged nutlets are released.
  
• Alocasia [M0396522]
  A plant genus of the family ARACEAE. Members contain beta-glucosidases and trypsin inhibitors.
  
• Alocasia macrorrhiza [M0396523]
  
• Aloe [M0000756]
  A plant genus of the family Aloeaceae, order Liliales (or Asphodelaceae, Asparagales in APG system) which is used medicinally. It contains anthraquinone glycosides such as aloin-emodin or aloe-emodin (EMODIN).
  
• Aloe vera [M0332424]
  Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. and other species are used medicinally.
  
• Alopecurus [M0418753]
  
• Alphitonia [M0418890]
  A plant genus. Members contain jujubogenin.
  
• Alpinia [M0400511]
  A plant genus of the family ZINGIBERACEAE. Members contain galangin, yakuchinone-A, and diarylheptanoids.
  
• Alpinia galanga [M0400512]
  
• Alstonia [M0396505]
  A plant genus of the family APOCYNACEAE. Members contain echitovenidine, echitamine, venenatine (an indole alkaloid), and anti-inflammatory triterpenoids
  
• Alstroemeria [M0397344]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. Members contain allergens, tuliposide A and tulipalin A.
  
• Althaea [M0398461]
  A plant genus of the family MALVACEAE known for mucilaginous roots. The common names of hollyhock and mallow are also used for other genera of MALVACEAE.
  
• Amaranthaceae [M0380851]
  A family of flowering plants in the order Caryophyllales, with about 60 genera and more than 800 species of plants, with a few shrubs, trees, and vines. The leaves usually have nonindented edges.
  
• Amaranthus [M0380871]
  A plant genus, in the family AMARANTHACEAE, best known as a source of high-protein grain crops and of Red Dye No. 2 (AMARANTH DYE). Tumbleweed sometimes refers to Amaranthus but more often refers to SALSOLA.
  
• Amaryllidaceae [M0456571]
  
• Ambrosia [M0396780]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. The POLLEN is one cause of HAYFEVER.
  
• Amelanchier [M0399305]
  
• Ammi [M0396781]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE that is the primary plant source of KHELLIN.
  
• Ammi visnaga [M0396782]
  
• Amomum [M0408209]
  A plant genus of the family ZINGIBERACEAE. Members contain aculeatin D, beta-sitosterol, and STIGMASTEROL. Some members have been reclassified to ELETTARIA and other ZINGIBERACEAE.
  
• Amorpha [M0399673]
  
• Amorphophallus [M0396524]
  A plant genus of the family ARACEAE. Members contain konjac glucomannan (MANNANS) and SEROTONIN.
  
• Amorphophallus konjac [M0396525]
  
• Ampelopsis [M0400490]
  A plant genus of the family VITACEAE. Members contain momordin and SITOSTEROLS.
  
• Amsinckia [M0385135]
  A plant genus of the family BORAGINACEAE. Members contain PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS. The common name of burweed is also used for Triumfetta (TILIACEAE).
  
• Amsonia [M0385604]
  A plant genus of the family APOCYNACEAE. Species of this genus contain YOHIMBINE.
  
• Amsonia elliptica [M0385605]
  
• Anacardiaceae [M0381135]
  The sumac plant family in the order Sapindales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. They are tropical and subtropical trees, shrubs, and woody vines that have resin ducts in the bark. The sap of many of the species is irritating to the skin.
  
• Anacardium [M0396448]
  A plant genus of the family ANACARDIACEAE. This is the source of the familiar cashew nuts, which are heat treated to remove the irritant toxin. Cashew nut shell liquid (frequently abbreviated as CNSL) is a major source of alkenyl phenolic compounds, especially ANACARDIC ACIDS, cardol, and cardanol.
  
• Anacardium occidentale [M0396449]
  
• Anagallis [M0398889]
  A plant genus of the family PRIMULACEAE that contains anagallosides, which are molluscacidal triterpenoid saponins.
  
• Ananas [M0396900]
  A plant genus of the family BROMELIACEAE known for the edible fruit that is the source of BROMELAINS.
  
• Anchusa [M0418619]
  
• Andira [M0418651]
  
• Andreaeopsida [M0444133]
  A class of BRYOPHYTA .
  
• Andrographis [M0408031]
  A plant genus of the family ACANTHACEAE. Members contain andrographolide and other DITERPENES and androechin, a CHALCONE.
  
• Andropogon [M0398667]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The common name of bluestem is also used for other plants in this family. Andropogon nardus has been reclassified as CYMBOPOGON nardus and Andropogon zizanioides to VETIVERIA zizanioides.
  
• Anemarrhena [M0397345]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. Members contain anemarans (POLYSACCHARIDES), hinokiresinol, mangiferin (a xanthone), and timosaponin (a steroidal saponin).
  
• Anemone [M0398959]
  A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE that contains triterpene saponins. The root of Anemone raddeana is the source of a Chinese folk medicine, zhu jie xian fu. The common name of liverwort is also used with other plants. This genus is unrelated to SEA ANEMONES.
  
• Anemone hepatica [M0398960]
  
• Anemone raddeana [M0398961]
  
• Anethum graveolens [M0382470]
  Anethum graveolens L. is a plant species of the family APIACEAE. It is one of the plant SPICES.
  
• Angelica [M0385528]
  A plant genus of the family Apiaceae.
  
• Angelica archangelica [M0385529]
  A plant species of the family Apiaceae that contains COUMARINS.
  
• Angelica sinensis [M0385530]
  A plant species of the family APIACEAE that is the source of dong quai.
  
• Angiosperms [M0029218]
  Any member of the more than 250,000 species of flowering plants. Angiosperms are often differentiated from GYMNOSPERMS by their production of seeds within a closed chamber (OVARY, PLANT). The Angiosperms division is composed of two classes, the monocotyledons (Liliopsida) and dicotyledons (Magnoliopsida).
  
• Annona [M0396485]
  A plant genus of the family ANNONACEAE. It has edible fruit and seeds which contain acetogenins and benzoquinazoline and other alkaloids.
  
• Annona cherimolia [M0396486]
  
• Annonaceae [M0383756]
  The custard-apple plant family of the order Magnoliales, subclass Magnoliidae, class Magnoliopsida. Some members provide large pulpy fruits and commercial timber. Leaves and wood are often fragrant. Leaves are simple, with smooth margins, and alternately arranged in two rows along the stems.
  
• Anthemis [M0396783]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE that is similar to MATRICARIA but this has tiny chaffy bract scales between each pair of florets. Members contain sesquiterpene lactones. Other plants with similar common names include FERULA; FOENICULUM; MATRICARIA; CHAMAEMELUM and TRIPLEUROSPERMUM.
  
• Anthemis cotula [M0396784]
  
• Anthoceros [M0471217]
  A plant genus of the family Anthocerotaceae, order Anthocerotales, class Anthocerotopsida.
  
• Anthocerotophyta [M0471216]
  A plant division that includes hornworts, named for the horn-like appearance of the spore-producing plant (sporophyte).
  
• Antiaris [M0398508]
  A plant genus of the family MORACEAE. Members have been used as an arrow poison.
  
• Antirrhinum [M0399984]
  A plant genus of the family SCROPHULARIACEAE. Members contain DEFICIENS PROTEIN.
  
• Apiaceae [M0029177]
  A large plant family in the order Apiales, also known as Umbelliferae. Most are aromatic herbs with alternate, feather-divided leaves that are sheathed at the base. The flowers often form a conspicuous flat-topped umbel. Each small individual flower is usually bisexual, with five sepals, five petals, and an enlarged disk at the base of the style. The fruits are ridged and are composed of two parts that split open at maturity.
  
• Apium graveolens [M0029171]
  A plant species of the family APIACEAE. The stalks are a food source.
  
• Apocynaceae [M0383757]
  The dogbane plant family of the order Gentianales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. Members of the family have milky, often poisonous juice, smooth-margined leaves, and flowers in clusters.
  
• Apocynum [M0385614]
  A plant genus of the family APOCYNACEAE. It is rarely called Milkweed, but should not be confused with true Milkweed (ASCLEPIAS).
  
• Aquifoliaceae [M0383758]
  The holly plant family of the order Celastrales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Aquilaria [M0401463]
  
• Aquilegia [M0398962]
  A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE that contains aquiledine, isoaquiledine and cycloartane-type glycosides.
  
• Arabidopsis [M0026357]
  A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE that contains ARABIDOPSIS PROTEINS and MADS DOMAIN PROTEINS. The species A. thaliana is used for experiments in classical plant genetics as well as molecular genetic studies in plant physiology, biochemistry, and development.
  
• Arabidopsis thaliana [M0026356]
  
• Arabis [M0396870]
  A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE. Member species are ornamentals grown for their numerous small white, yellow, pink, or purplish flowers.
  
• Araceae [M0383759]
  A plant family of the order Arales, subclass Arecidae, class Liliopsida (monocot). Many members contain OXALIC ACID and calcium oxalate (OXALATES).
  
• Arachis [M0016079]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE.
  
• Arachis hypogaea [M0016078]
  A plant species of the family FABACEAE that yields edible seeds, the familiar peanuts, which contain protein, oil and lectins.
  
• Arachnitis Plant [M0448325]
  
• Aralia [M0381350]
  A plant genus in the family ARALIACEAE, order Apiales, subclass Rosidae. It includes Aralia californica S. Watson, Aralia nudicaulis L., and Aralia racemosa L.
  
• Araliaceae [M0380091]
  The ginseng plant family of the order Apiales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. Leaves are generally alternate, large, and compound. Flowers are five-parted and arranged in compound flat-topped umbels. The fruit is a berry or (rarely) a drupe (a one-seeded fruit). It is well known for plant preparations used as adaptogens (immune support and anti-fatigue).
  
• Arceuthobium [M0400464]
  A genus of dwarf mistletoe growing on conifers of the northern hemisphere.
  
• Arctium [M0396795]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Arctiin (LIGNANS) is in the seed.
  
• Arctium lappa [M0396796]
  
• Arctium minus [M0396797]
  
• Arctostaphylos [M0385325]
  A plant genus of the family ERICACEAE.
  
• Arctostaphylos uva-ursi [M0385326]
  
• Ardisia [M0398531]
  A plant genus of the family MYRSINACEAE. Members contain ardisiacrispins (oleanane triterpenoid saponins), ardicrenin, and cyclamiretin.
  
• Areca [M0001673]
  A plant genus of the family ARECACEAE. Members contain ARECOLINE and CATECHIN. The leaves and nuts have been used as masticatories, stimulants, and astringents in traditional medicine. The common name of betel is also used for PIPER BETLE. The common name of catechu is sometimes used for ACACIA CATECHU.
  
• Areca catechu [M0396545]
  
• Arecaceae [M0381373]
  The palm family of order Arecales, subclass Arecidae, class Liliopsida.
  
• Arenaria Plant [M0396917]
  A plant genus of the family CARYOPHYLLACEAE. The common name of sandwort is used with other plants. Do not confuse with Arenaria bird or with other genera which use arenaria as the species name such as Mya arenaria (softshell clam) or Meloidogyne arenaria, or Ammophila arenaria (marram grass).
  
• Argania [M0471034]
  Argan oil from seeds is consumed raw in the southwest part of Morocco.
  
• Argemone [M0398598]
  A plant genus of the family PAPAVERACEAE that contains isoquinoline alkaloids.
  
• Argemone mexicana [M0398599]
  
• Arisaema [M0396526]
  A plant genus of the family ARACEAE. It has a stemless, tuberous root.
  
• Arisaema dracontium [M0396528]
  
• Arisaema triphyllum [M0396527]
  
• Aristolochia [M0385655]
  A plant genus of the family ARISTOLOCHIACEAE. Species of this genus have been used in traditional medicine but they contain aristolochic acid which is associated with nephropathy. These are sometimes called 'snakeroot' but that name is also used with a number of other plants such as POLYGALA; SANICULA; ASARUM; ARISTOLOCHIA; AGERATINA; and others.
  
• Aristolochiaceae [M0383760]
  A plant family of the order Aristolochiales subclass Magnoliidae class Magnoliopsida. They are mostly tropical woody vines and a few temperate-zone species. The flowers are 3-parted; some species lack petals while others are large and foul smelling.
  
• Armoracia [M0396871]
  A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE known for the root used in hot SPICES and is the source of HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE which is widely used in laboratories.
  
• Arnebia [M0448317]
  
• Arnica [M0027945]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. The dried flower heads of Arnica montana are used externally as a counterirritant and tincture for sprains and bruises, either as crude extract or in homeopathic dilution (HOMEOPATHY). Arnica contains volatile oils (OILS, VOLATILE), arnicin, arnisterol, FLAVONOIDS; TANNINS; and resin. The common name of Wolf's Bane is similar to the common name for ACONITUM.
  
• Arnica montana [M0336501]
  
• Aroideae [M0401283]
  A subfamily of the family ARACEAE.
  
• Aronia [M0483126]
  
• Artabotrys [M0396467]
  A plant genus of the family ANNONACEAE.
  
• Artabotrys uncinatus [M0448299]
  The source of the sesquiterpene PEROXIDES yingzhaosu A and yingzhaosu C.
  
• Artemisia [M0028743]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE with strong-smelling foliage. It is a source of SANTONIN and other cytotoxic TERPENES.
  
• Artemisia abrotanum [M0396800]
  
• Artemisia absinthium [M0028746]
  A plant species of the genus ARTEMISIA, family ASTERACEAE that has been used in ABSINTHE. The oil contains neurotoxic 1-thujone and d-isothujone.
  
• Artemisia annua [M0396802]
  A plant species of the genus ARTEMISIA, family ASTERACEAE. It is the source of the antimalarial artemisinin (ANTIMALARIALS).
  
• Artemisia dracunculus [M0396801]
  
• Artemisia judaica [M0396799]
  A species of ARTEMISIA that contains judaicin (eudesmane type sesquiterpene lactone).
  
• Artemisia maritima [M0028747]
  
• Artemisia vulgaris [M0028748]
  The common name of wormwood or mugwort may refer to other species of ARTEMISIA. Source of allergen Ag7.
  
• Artocarpus [M0398509]
  A plant genus of the family MORACEAE. Puag-haad extract, from A. lakoocha, contains STILBENES and related 4-substituted RESORCINOLS.
  
• Arum [M0396529]
  A plant genus of the family ARACEAE. The name derived from ar (fire in Arabic) due to the irritating sap. Flower is a spathe.
  
• Arundo [M0418752]
  
• Asafoetida [M0008385]
  
• Asarum [M0385658]
  A plant genus of the family ARISTOLOCHIACEAE which was used medicinally by North American Indians. The common name of 'snakeroot' is also used for many other plants, including SANICULA; or ARISTOLOCHIA; or Polygala.
  
• Asarum canadense [M0385659]
  
• Asclepiadaceae [M0383762]
  The milkweed plant family of the order Gentianales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. It includes many tropical herbs and shrubby climbers; most with milky juice. Flowers have five united petals. Fruits are podlike, usually with tufted seeds.
  
• Asclepias [M0396564]
  A plant genus of the family ASCLEPIADACEAE. This is the true milkweed; APOCYNUM & EUPHORBIA hirta are rarely called milkweed. Asclepias asthmatica has been changed to TYLOPHORA.
  
• Asimina [M0396487]
  A plant genus of the family ANNONACEAE. It has edible fruit and seeds which contain asitrocin, asitrilobins, and other tetrahydrofuran acetogenins.
  
• Aspalathus [M0411379]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. It is the source of an herbal tea that is commonly consumed in South Africa. Members contain aspalathin and other polyphenols (PHENOLS).
  
• Asparagaceae [M0418666]
  A subfamily of LILIACEAE.
  
• Asparagus officinalis [M0380933]
  
• Asparagus Plant [M0029200]
  A plant genus in the family LILIACEAE (sometimes placed in Asparagaceae) that contains ECDYSTEROIDS and is an ingredient of Siotone. The shoots are used as a vegetable and the roots are used in FOLK MEDICINE.
  
• Aspidosperma [M0385612]
  A plant genus of the family APOCYNACEAE. It contains ellipticine.
  
• Aspilia [M0396774]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain thiarubrine A and diterpenes.
  
• Aster Plant [M0396803]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. This plant should not be confused with microtubule asters (MICROTUBULES) nor with aster yellows phytoplasma (mycoplasma-like organisms).
  
• Asteraceae [M0029165]
  A large plant family of the order Asterales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. The family is also known as Compositae. Flower petals are joined near the base and stamens alternate with the corolla lobes. The common name of "daisy" refers to several genera of this family including Aster; CHRYSANTHEMUM; RUDBECKIA; TANACETUM.
  
• Astragalus gummifer [M0381061]
  Astragalus gummifer Labill. is the source of gum TRAGACANTH.
  
• Astragalus membranaceus [M0381063]
  A plant species of the Astragalus genus which is source of Huang qi preparation used in TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE.
  
• Astragalus Plant [M0381060]
  A plant genus in the family FABACEAE, subfamily Papilionaceae, order Fabales, subclass Rosidae. Many of the species are associated with poisoning of grazing animals. Some of the species are used medicinally.
  
• Atalantia [M0418914]
  
• Atractylis [M0409265]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain ATRACTYLOSIDE which inhibits ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCASE.
  
• Atractylis gummifera [M0409266]
  
• Atractylodes [M0396804]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain hinesol and atractylon. Atractylodes rhizome is Byaku-jutsu. A. lancea rhizome is So-jutsu.
  
• Atractylodes lancea [M0396805]
  A. lancea rhizome is So-jutsu
  
• Atriplex [M0380087]
  A plant genus in the CHENOPODIACEAE family.
  
• Atropa [M0400160]
  A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE which contain SOLANACEOUS ALKALOIDS including ATROPINE which is named after this genus.
  
• Atropa belladonna [M0002299]
  A plant species of the genus ATROPA, family SOLANACEAE that contains ATROPINE; SCOPOLAMINE; BELLADONNA ALKALOIDS and other SOLANACEOUS ALKALOIDS. Some species in this genus are called deadly nightshade which is also a common name for SOLANUM.
  
• Avena sativa [M0027817]
  A plant species of the family POACEAE that is widely cultivated for its edible seeds.
  
• Avicennia [M0400457]
  A plant genus of the family VERBENACEAE. Members contain NAPHTHOQUINONES.
  
• Azadirachta [M0398484]
  A plant genus of the family MELIACEAE. Members contain azadirachtin A (a limonoid commonly referred to as azadirachtin) and other TRITERPENES. They have been used in PESTICIDES. The old name of Melia azadirachta is very similar to a related plant, MELIA AZEDARACH.
  
• Azadirachta indica [M0398485]
  
• Azorella [M0448301]
  
• Baccharis [M0396806]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Other plants called broom include CYTISUS; SPARTIUM; and BROMUS.
  
• Bacopa [M0405910]
  A plant genus of the family SCROPHULARIACEAE. Members contain bacopaside, bacopasaponins and other dammarane type jujubogenins.
  
• Bactris [M0396546]
  A plant genus of the family ARECACEAE.
  
• Bahupatra [M0385380]
  An Ayurvedic medicine.
  
• Balanites [M0400513]
  A plant genus of the family ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. Feruloyltyramine, balanitoside (a furostanol glycoside), and cytostatic steroidal saponins have been found in this genus. B. aegyptiaca fruit water extract is traditionally used as an anthelmintic in the Sudan.
  
• Balanophoraceae [M0396569]
  A plant family of the order Santalales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. They are root parasites lacking CHLOROPHYLL.
  
• Ballota [M0397146]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that contains phenylpropanoids.
  
• Balsaminaceae [M0383763]
  A plant family of the order Geraniales (or Ericales in APG system), subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Bambusa [M0398685]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE. Young shoots are eaten in Asian foods while the stiff mature stems are used for construction of many things. The common name of bamboo is also used for other genera of Poaceae including Phyllostachys, SASA, and Dendrocalamus.
  
• Banisteriopsis [M0398457]
  A plant genus of the family MALPIGHIACEAE which includes an Amazonian psychoactive plant that contains the beta-carboline harmine and N,N-dimethyltryptamine.
  
• Baptisia [M0399672]
  
• Barbarea [M0396872]
  A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE. Members contain glucobrassicin.
  
• Barbarea verna [M0396873]
  A hardy coarse, weedy biennial.
  
• Barbarea vulgaris [M0396874]
  A common weed, conspicuous in fields due to its bright yellow spring flowers.
  
• Barringtonia [M0397327]
  A plant genus of the family Lecythidaceae. Members contain nasimalun A and B (neo-clerodane diterpenoids).
  
• Bassia scoparia [M0380089]
  A plant species of the family CHENOPODIACEAE. It is a source of furonaphthoquinones. The common name of burning bush is also used with the unrelated EUONYMUS sieboldianus.
  
• Bauerella [M0418916]
  
• Bauhinia [M0409989]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members contain isoacteoside, luteolin, indole-3-carboxylic acid.
  
• Bazzania [M0471019]
  A plant genus of the family Lepidoziaceae, order Jungermanniales, subclass JUNGERMANNIAE.
  
• Beech [M0385522]
  
• Beesia [M0418754]
  
• Begonia [M0396572]
  
• Begoniaceae [M0396571]
  A plant family of the order Violales (by some in Begoniales), subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. Members are found throughout tropical and warm temperate habitats. Most are perennial herbs with monoecious flowers (both sexes on the same plant). Fruits are usually capsules containing many tiny seeds.
  
• Berberidaceae [M0381530]
  The Barberry plant family of the order Ranunculales, subclass Magnoliidae, class Magnoliopsida. The shrubs have spiny leaves.
  
• Berberis [M0381550]
  A plant genus in the family BERBERIDACEAE. The common names of Barberry or Oregon Grape are also used for MAHONIA. The similar-named Bayberry is the unrelated MYRICA. Oregon Grape was classified by Pursh as a Berberis but Nuttall claimed it is different enough to call it a new genus, MAHONIA. Botanists insist on this name while horticulturists stay with Mahonia. They are shrubs with yellow wood and usually three-branched spines at the base of leafstalks. Flowers are yellow, six-petaled and fruit is a berry with one to several seeds. Members contain BERBERINE.
  
• Berries [M0008866]
  
• Bertholletia [M0397328]
  A plant genus of the family Lecythidaceae which is the source of edible Brazil nuts.
  
• Bertholletia excelsa [M0397329]
  
• Beta vulgaris [M0029183]
  A species of the Beta genus. Cultivars are used as a source of beets (root) or chard (leaves).
  
• Betula [M0385114]
  A plant genus of the family BETULACEAE. The tree has smooth, resinous, varicolored or white bark, marked by horizontal pores (lenticels), which usually peels horizontally in thin sheets.
  
• Betulaceae [M0384595]
  A plant family of the order Fagales, subclass Hamamelidae, class Magnoliopsida. They have simple, serrate, alternate leaves. Male flowers are borne in long, pendulous catkins; the female in shorter, pendulous or erect catkins. The fruit is usually a small nut or a short-winged samara.
  
• Bhang [M0003269]
  
• Bidens [M0396807]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain bidensyneosides (polyacetylene glucosides).
  
• Bidens pilosa [M0396808]
  
• Bignoniaceae [M0384596]
  A plant family of the order Scrophulariales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. The family is characterized by oppositely paired, usually compound leaves and bell- or funnel-shaped, bisexual flowers having a five-lobed calyx and corolla.
  
• Bistort [M0382452]
  
• Bixa [M0396866]
  A plant genus of the family BIXACEAE that contains bixin and is the source of annatto food coloring.
  
• Bixaceae [M0396865]
  A plant family of the order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. Bixa contains bixin. Cochlospermum contains arjunolic acid and gum kondagogu (POLYSACCHARIDES).
  
• Blechnum [M0418988]
  A plant genus.
  
• Blighia [M0399950]
  A plant genus of the family SAPINDACEAE. Members contain hypoglycins and ackee oil.
  
• Blighia sapida [M0399951]
  
• Blueberry Plant [M0385334]
  Several plant species of the genus VACCINIUM known for the edible blueberry fruit.
  
• Boehmeria [M0400449]
  A plant genus of the family URTICACEAE. Members contain cryptopleurine, beta-sitosterol, daucosterol and 19 alpha-hydroxyursolic acid.
  
• Boerhavia [M0418700]
  
• Boesenbergia [M0418980]
  A plant genus. The root used in Thai cooking. Members contain CHALCONES.
  
• Bombacaceae [M0406950]
  A plant family of the order Malvales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida of tropical trees.
  
• Bombax [M0406956]
  A plant genus of the family BOMBACACEAE. The fine silky hairs covering the seeds have been used like kapok (CEIBA) for floatation, stuffing, and insulation.
  
• Bombax ceiba [M0406957]
  
• Bombax malabaricum [M0408774]
  
• Bonamia Plant [M0438667]
  A plant genus of the family CONVOLVULACEAE. Members contain bonaspectins (tetrahydrofuran-type sesqui-lignans).
  
• Bonamia spectabilis [M0438668]
  
• Boraginaceae [M0381441]
  The Borage plant family is in the class Magnoliopsida, subclass Asteridae, order Lamiales. It is characterized by hairy foliage, usually alternate and simple; flowers are funnel-shaped or tubular. Some of the species contain PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS.
  
• Borago [M0385136]
  A plant genus of the family BORAGINACEAE.
  
• Boswellia [M0385234]
  A plant genus of the family BURSERACEAE used medicinally since ancient times. It is a source of salai guggal (the gum resin) and boswellic acid (ursane type TRITERPENES).
  
• Boswellia serrata [M0385235]
  
• Bougainvillea [M0418701]
  
• Bouvardia [M0448358]
  
• Brachiaria [M0407010]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE originating from the savanna of eastern Africa. It is widely grown for livestock forage.
  
• Brachystemma [M0448320]
  
• Brassica [M0002892]
  A plant genus of the family Cruciferae. It contains many species and cultivars used as food including cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, Brussel sprouts, kale, collard greens, MUSTARD PLANT; (B. alba, B. junica, and B. nigra), turnips (BRASSICA NAPUS) and rapeseed (BRASSICA RAPA).
  
• Brassica alba [M0401323]
  
• Brassica juncea [M0399544]
  
• Brassica napus [M0002901]
  A plant species of the family BRASSICACEAE best known for the edible roots.
  
• Brassica nigra [M0401324]
  
• Brassica rapa [M0002894]
  A plant species cultivated for the seed used as animal feed and as a source of canola cooking oil.
  
• Brassicaceae [M0029106]
  A plant family of the order Capparales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. They are mostly herbaceous plants with peppery-flavored leaves, due to gluconapin (GLUCOSINOLATES) and its hydrolysis product butenylisotrhiocyanate. The family includes many plants of economic importance that have been extensively altered and domesticated by humans. Flowers have 4 petals. Podlike fruits contain a number of seeds. Cress is a general term used for many in the Brassicacea family. Rockcress is usually ARABIS; Bittercress is usually CARDAMINE; Yellowcress is usually RORIPPA; Pennycress is usually THLASPI; Watercress refers to NASTURTIUM; or RORIPPA or TROPAEOLUM; Gardencress refers to LEPIDIUM; Indiancress refers to TROPAEOLUM.
  
• Brazilian Box Tree [M0385613]
  
• Brazilwood [M0385496]
  
• Bromelia [M0396901]
  A plant genus of the family BROMELIACEAE. Members contain karatasin and balansain (ENDOPEPTIDASES) and BROMELAINS.
  
• Bromeliaceae [M0396899]
  A plant family of the order Bromeliales, subclass Zingiberidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons).
  
• Bromus [M0398686]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The name is similar to Broom or Scotch Broom (CYTISUS) or Butcher's Broom (RUSCUS) or Desert Broom (BACCHARIS) or Spanish Broom (SPARTIUM).
  
• Brosimum [M0398507]
  
• Broussonetia [M0398510]
  A plant genus of the family MORACEAE. Members contain PYRROLIDINES.
  
• Brucea [M0400016]
  A plant genus of the family SIMAROUBACEAE. Members contain bruceosides and bruceanols (quassinoids). The astringent seeds have been used to treat dysentery in southeastern Asia.
  
• Brugmansia [M0418974]
  
• Bruguiera [M0444099]
  
• Bryonia [M0385285]
  A plant genus of the family CUCURBITACEAE that is the source of bryodin 1 (a ribosome-inactivating protein).
  
• Bryonia alba [M0385288]
  
• Bryonia dioica [M0385286]
  
• Bryony [M0385287]
  
• Bryophyta [M0444130]
  A division of the plant kingdom. Bryophyta contains the subdivision, Musci, which contains the classes: Andreaeopsida, BRYOPSIDA, and SPHAGNOPSIDA.
  
• Bryopsida [M0028468]
  A class of plants within the Bryophyta comprising the mosses, which are found in both damp (including freshwater) and drier situations. Mosses possess erect or prostrate leafless stems, which give rise to leafless stalks bearing capsules. Spores formed in the capsules are released and grow to produce new plants. (Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990). Many small plants bearing the name moss are in fact not mosses. The "moss" found on the north side of trees is actually a green alga (ALGAE, GREEN). Irish moss is really a red alga (ALGAE, RED). Beard lichen (beard moss), Iceland moss, oak moss, and reindeer moss are actually LICHENS. Spanish moss is a common name for both LICHENS and an air plant of the pineapple family (BROMELIACEAE). Club moss is an evergreen herb of the family LYCOPODIACEAE.
  
• Buckwheat, False [M0398833]
  
• Buddleja [M0401483]
  A plant genus of the family SCROPHULARIACEAE. Members contain mimengoside B, verbascoside, and phenylethanoids.
  
• Bulbine [M0418673]
  A plant genus of LILIACEAE.
  
• Bupleurum [M0385532]
  A plant genus of the family APIACEAE that is the source of bupleurum root and of bupleurotoxin and is an ingredient of sho-saiko-to.
  
• Bursera [M0396903]
  A plant genus of the family BURSERACEAE. Members contain a PODOPHYLLOTOXIN.
  
• Bursera simaruba [M0396904]
  
• Burseraceae [M0384597]
  A plant family of the order Sapindales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. They are resinous trees and shrubs with alternate leaves composed of many leaflets.
  
• Butea [M0397061]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that contains butrin and isobutrin.
  
• Buxaceae [M0396906]
  A plant family of the order Euphorbiales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. Leaves are alternate, simple, and leathery. Fruits are one- or two-seeded capsules or drupes (stony-pitted fleshy fruits).
  
• Buxus [M0396907]
  A plant genus of the family BUXACEAE. Members contain steroidal alkaloids.
  
• Cacao [M0003123]
  A tree of the family Sterculiaceae (or Byttneriaceae), usually Theobroma cacao, or its seeds, which after fermentation and roasting, yield cocoa and chocolate.
  
• Cactaceae [M0384636]
  The cactus plant family of the order Caryophyllales, subclass Caryophyllidae, class Magnoliopsida. Cacti are succulent perennial plants well adapted to dry regions.
  
• Caesalpinia [M0385495]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The common name of "Bird-Of-Paradise" is also used for other plants such as Heliconia (HELICONIACEAE) and Strelitzia (STRELITZIACEAE) and some birds. The common name of "Cat's-Claw" is more often used with UNCARIA. The common name of "Pernambuco" also refers to a state in Brazil. Furanoditerpenoid lactones and caesalpin are produced by members of this genus.
  
• Cajanus [M0410169]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that is used for food in NIGERIA.
  
• Cajanus cajan [M0410170]
  
• Calamus [M0396547]
  A plant genus of the family ARECACEAE that should not be confused with ACORUS CALAMUS.
  
• Calathea [M0400505]
  
• Calceolaria [M0449070]
  
• Calendula [M0328431]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain CAROTENOIDS, essential oils (OILS, VOLATILE), flavonoids, mucilage, SAPONINS, and STEROLS. The plants are used both topically and internally. The common name of Marigold is also used for TAGETES.
  
• Calendula officinalis [M0329023]
  
• California Bay Laurel [M0029332]
  The common English name used for the aromatic leaves of Umbellularia.
  
• Calla Plant [M0396530]
  A plant genus of the family ARACEAE. Calla Lily (Callalily) also refers to the ZANTEDESCHIA. There is no relationship with CALLA ANTIGEN.
  
• Callerya [M0403697]
  
• Callicarpa [M0400458]
  A plant genus of the family VERBENACEAE. Members contain clerodane DITERPENES and callicarpone.
  
• Callilepis [M0409268]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain ATRACTYLOSIDE.
  
• Callilepis laureola [M0409269]
  
• Calluna [M0385331]
  A plant genus of the family ERICACEAE.
  
• Calocedrus [M0448379]
  
• Calophyllum [M0385266]
  A plant genus of the family CLUSIACEAE. Members contain costatolide, calanolides and 4-phenylfuranocoumarins (PSORALENS).
  
• Calotropis [M0396561]
  A plant genus of the family ASCLEPIADACEAE. The downy akund floss fiber from the seeds is used like kapok.
  
• Calotropis gigantea [M0396562]
  
• Calotropis procera [M0396563]
  
• Calycanthaceae [M0396909]
  A plant family of the order Laurales, subclass Magnoliidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Calystegia [M0396944]
  A plant genus of the family CONVOLVULACEAE. Members contain calystegine and calystegins.
  
• Camassia [M0397346]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE that contains steroidal SAPONINS and should not be confused with Death Camas (ZIGADENUS).
  
• Camellia [M0030109]
  A plant genus in the family THEACEAE, order THEALES best known for CAMELLIA SINENSIS which is the source of Oriental TEA.
  
• Camellia sinensis [M0381850]
  Camellia sinensis L. (formerly Thea sinensis) is an evergreen Asiatic shrub of the THEACEAE family. The infusion of leaves of this plant is used as Oriental TEA which contains CAFFEINE; THEOPHYLLINE; and epigallocatechin gallate.
  
• Campanula [M0399583]
  
• Campanulaceae [M0384637]
  A plant family of the order Campanulales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida
  
• Camptotheca [M0385281]
  A plant genus of the family NYSSACEAE (sometimes classified in the CORNACEAE family). It is a source of CAMPTOTHECIN.
  
• Cananga [M0418553]
  A plant genus. Members contain canangone.
  
• Canavalia [M0400563]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Canavalia ensiformis is the source of CONCANAVALIN A.
  
• Cannabaceae [M0333992]
  A plant family of the order Urticales, subclass Hamamelidae, class Magnoliopsida. It is most notable for the members, Cannabis and Hops.
  
• Cannabis [M0003270]
  The plant genus in the Cannabaceae plant family, Urticales order, Hamamelidae subclass. The flowering tops are called many slang terms including pot, marijuana, hashish, bhang, and ganja. The stem is an important source of hemp fiber.
  
• Cannabis indica [M0383877]
  
• Cannabis sativa [M0383876]
  
• Canscora [M0471069]
  A plant genus of the family GENTIANACEAE that is used medicinally in India. Its common name of shankhpushpi is also used for EVOLVULUS alsinoides.
  
• Cantaloupes [M0382393]
  
• Capparaceae [M0397586]
  A plant family of the order Capparales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida, that are mostly herbs and shrubs growing in warm arid regions. Several produce GLUCOSINOLATES.
  
• Capparis [M0397588]
  A plant genus of the family CAPPARACEAE that contains mabinlin, a sweet protein.
  
• Caprifoliaceae [M0381131]
  A plant family of the order Dipsacales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Capsella [M0385141]
  A plant genus of the family CRUCIFERAE.
  
• Capsella bursa-pastoris [M0385142]
  
• Capsicum [M0003309]
  A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. The hot peppers yield CAPSAICIN, which activates vanilloid receptors. Several varieties have sweet or pungent edible fruits that are used as vegetables when fresh and spices when the pods are dried.
  
• Caragana [M0401025]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members contain STILBENES.
  
• Caralluma [M0448911]
  
• Carapa [M0448342]
  
• Cardamine [M0396875]
  A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE that is low-growing in damp meadows of the Northern Hemisphere and has pinnately divided leaves and small white to rose flowers.
  
• Cardamine pratensis [M0396876]
  
• Cardamom [M0029487]
  
• Cardiospermum [M0399952]
  
• Carduus [M0396809]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain arctiin and onopordopicrin.
  
• Carex Plant [M0396954]
  A plant genus of the family CYPERACEAE. The seed contains oligostilbenes (STILBENES).
  
• Carica [M0384673]
  A plant genus of the family Caricaceae, order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. It is the source of edible fruit and PAPAIN.
  
• Carica papaya [M0384674]
  
• Caricaceae [M0396915]
  A plant family of the order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Carissa [M0418559]
  
• Carnation [M0385249]
  
• Carpesium [M0418567]
  
• Carpinus [M0396864]
  
• Carthamus [M0396810]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE.
  
• Carthamus tinctorius [M0396821]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Oil from the seed (SAFFLOWER OIL) is an important food oil of commerce.
  
• Carum [M0385573]
  A plant genus of the family Apiaceae. The seeds are used as flavoring.
  
• Carum carvi [M0385574]
  
• Carum copticum [M0385575]
  
• Carya [M0397130]
  A plant genus of the family JUGLANDACEAE that bears edible nuts.
  
• Carya illinoensis [M0397131]
  
• Caryophyllaceae [M0385247]
  A plant family of the order Caryophyllales, subclass Caryophyllidae, class Magnoliopsida. The species are diverse in appearance and habitat; most have swollen leaf and stem joints.
  
• Cascara [M0003578]
  Dried aged bark of a buckthorn, Frangula purshiana (FRANGULA), that contains the anthraquinone EMODIN and cascarosides. It is used as a laxative (CATHARTICS).
  
• Casearia [M0413709]
  A plant genus of the family FLACOURTIACEAE. Members contain casearins which are clerodane type DITERPENES.
  
• Casimiroa [M0399870]
  A plant genus of the family RUTACEAE. The fruit is edible and the seed has cardiovascular activity.
  
• Cassia [M0003602]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Many species of this genus, including the medicinal C. senna and C. angustifolia, have been reclassified into the Senna genus (SENNA PLANT) and some to CHAMAECRISTA.
  
• Cassia fistula [M0397057]
  
• Cassipourea [M0444100]
  
• Castanospermum [M0397062]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that contains castanospermines, swainsonine, and triterpenoid saponins.
  
• Castela [M0448372]
  
• Castilla Plant [M0398506]
  
• Castilleja [M0396426]
  A plant genus of the family ACANTHACEAE. It contains acteoside and isoacteoside (phenylethanoid glycosides).
  
• Castor Bean [M0003603]
  Common name for Ricinus communis, a species in the family EUPHORBIACEAE. It is the source of CASTOR OIL.
  
• Cat's Claw [M0328434]
  A vine (Uncaria tomentosa) indigenous to the Amazon rainforest whose name is derived from its hook-like thorns. It contains oxindole alkaloids and glycosides and has many medicinal uses.
  
• Catchfly, Pink [M0385254]
  
• Catha [M0385258]
  A plant genus of the family CELASTRACEAE. The leafy stems of khat are chewed by some individuals for stimulating effect. Members contain ((+)-norpseudoephedrine), cathionine, cathedulin, cathinine & cathidine.
  
• Catha edulis [M0385259]
  
• Catharanthus [M0385610]
  A plant genus of the family Apocynaceae. It is the source of VINCA ALKALOIDS, used in leukemia chemotherapy.
  
• Catharanthus roseus [M0385611]
  
• Caulophyllum [M0381610]
  A plant genus of the family BERBERIDACEAE (sometimes classified as Leonticaceae), most notably Caulophyllum thalictroides (L.) Michx.
  
• Caulophyllum thalictroides [M0381611]
  Caulophyllum thalictroides (L.) Michx.
  
• Ceanothus [M0399100]
  A plant genus of the family RHAMNACEAE. Root nodules host the Frankia (ACTINOMYCETES) nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
  
• Cecropia Plant [M0408049]
  A plant genus of the family CECROPIACEAE. Hypotensive and hypoglycemic effects have been observed in animals after ingesting members of this genus. There is no relation to cecropia moth (Hyalophora cecropia) see MOTHS.
  
• Cecropiaceae [M0396920]
  A plant family of the order Urticales, subclass Hamamelidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Cedrela [M0398472]
  A plant genus of the family MELIACEAE. Members contain cedrelanolide.
  
• Cedrus [M0381819]
  A plant genus in the family PINACEAE, order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Coniferophyta. It is the source of cedarwood oil. Cedar ordinarily refers to this but also forms part of the name of plants in other genera.
  
• Ceiba [M0406958]
  A plant genus of the family BOMBACACEAE. The fine silky hairs covering the seeds have been used for floatation, stuffing, and insulation.
  
• Ceiba pentandra [M0406959]
  
• Celastraceae [M0385257]
  A plant family of the order Celastrales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Celastrus [M0396922]
  A plant genus of the family CELASTRACEAE that contains insecticidal sesquiterpenoids and celastrus oil.
  
• Celosia [M0396443]
  A plant genus of the family AMARANTHACEAE. Young leaves are used as vegetables in Asia. Members contain betacyanins, celogentins, betaxanthin, and celosian.
  
• Celosia cristata [M0406118]
  
• Celtis [M0405493]
  
• Cenchrus [M0398703]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The common name of buffelgrass is also used for PENNISETUM.
  
• Centaurea [M0396811]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain 5-methyl-8-hydroxycoumarin. The common name of centaury is more often used for CENTAURIUM
  
• Centaurium [M0385524]
  A plant genus of the family GENTIANACEAE. Triterpene lactones and other compounds have been isolated from species of this genus. The common name of century plant has also been used for the AGAVE genus.
  
• Centaurium erythraea [M0385525]
  
• Centella [M0381390]
  A plant of the family APIACEAE which is the source of asiatic acid and asiaticoside. Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. = Hydrocotyle asiatica L. is known for effect on peripheral circulation.
  
• Centella asiatica [M0381391]
  
• Centranthus [M0400451]
  
• Century Plant [M0396438]
  
• Cephaelis [M0029195]
  A plant genus of the family RUBIACEAE, order Rubiales, subclass Asteridae. Cephaelis ipecacuanha is the source of IPECAC.
  
• Cephaelis ipecacuanha [M0386944]
  
• Cephalaria [M0471016]
  
• Cephalotaxus [M0400608]
  A plant genus of the family Cephalotaxaceae, order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division CONIFEROPHYTA. Members contain homoharringtonine.
  
• Cephalotaxus harringtonia [M0400609]
  
• Cerastium [M0471031]
  
• Ceratodon [M0028466]
  
• Ceratonia [M0448427]
  
• Ceratozamia [M0471150]
  
• Cerbera [M0487918]
  A plant genus of the family APOCYNACEAE. Members contain CARDENOLIDES.
  
• Cercocarpus [M0399306]
  
• Ceriops [M0444101]
  
• Cestrum [M0400170]
  A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain steroidal saponins and cause CALCINOSIS in grazing livestock due to high levels of 1 ALPHA,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D3.
  
• Chaenomeles [M0399307]
  
• Chai Hu [M0388727]
  Chinese name of the plant.
  
• Chamaecrista [M0397058]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Some species were reclassified from CASSIA and Senna.
  
• Chamaecyparis [M0385299]
  A plant genus of the family CUPRESSACEAE which should not be confused with other cedar and cypress trees of THUJA or CUPRESSUS genera.
  
• Chamaecyparis lawsoniana [M0385300]
  
• Chamaecyparis nootkatensis [M0385301]
  
• Chamaecyparis obtusa [M0385302]
  
• Chamaecyparis thyoides [M0385303]
  
• Chamaemelum [M0396785]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE that is used in folk medicine as CHAMOMILE. Other plants with similar common names include MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM and ANTHEMIS.
  
• Chamaemelum nobile [M0329027]
  
• Chamomile [M0328437]
  Common name for several daisy-like plants (MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM; ANTHEMIS; CHAMAEMELUM) native to Europe and Western Asia, now naturalized in the United States and Australia.
  
• Cheilanthes [M0448380]
  
• Chelidonium [M0015827]
  A plant genus in the family PAPAVERACEAE, order Papaverales, subclass Magnoliidae.
  
• Chenopodiaceae [M0029184]
  The goosefoot plant family of the order Caryophyllales, subclass Caryophyllidae, class Magnoliopsida. It includes beets and chard (BETA VULGARIS), as well as SPINACH, and salt tolerant plants.
  
• Chenopodium [M0380082]
  A plant genus in the CHENOPODIACEAE family.
  
• Chenopodium album [M0380083]
  A plant species in the CHENOPODIUM genus known for edible greens.
  
• Chenopodium ambrosioides [M0380085]
  A plant species of the genus Chenopodium known for toxicity to intestinal worms and other simple organisms.
  
• Chenopodium quinoa [M0380086]
  A species of the Chenopodium genus which is the source of edible seed called quinoa. It contains makisterone A and other STEROIDS, some having ECDYSTEROID activity on insects.
  
• Cherry Tree [M0387946]
  A tree which is the source of cherry fruit.
  
• Cherry, Acerola [M0418676]
  
• Chickweed [M0385256]
  
• Chicory [M0027946]
  A thick-rooted perennial (Cichorium intybus) native to Europe but widely grown for its young leaves used as salad greens and for its roots, dried and ground-roasted, used to flavor or adulterate coffee. (From Webster, 3d ed)
  
• Chinese Chive [M0465834]
  
• Chiococca [M0418896]
  
• Chokecherry Tree [M0381057]
  
• Cholla Cactus [M0385246]
  
• Chonemorpha [M0396507]
  A plant genus of the family APOCYNACEAE. It contains chonemorphine, a steroidal alkaloid.
  
• Chromolaena [M0410235]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. The common name of thoroughwort is also used for other plants including EUPATORIUM; CHROMOLAENA, Hebeclinium and Koanophyllon. Eupolin is the aqueous extract of the leaves.
  
• Chromolaena odorata [M0410236]
  
• Chrysanthemum [M0018229]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. The common names of daisy or marguerite are easily confused with other plants. Some species in this genus have been reclassified to TANACETUM.
  
• Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium [M0018231]
  A plant species of the genus CHRYSANTHEMUM, family ASTERACEAE. The flowers contain PYRETHRINS, cinerolones, and chrysanthemines which are powerful contact insecticides. Most in the old Pyrethrum genus are reclassified to TANACETUM; some to other ASTERACEAE genera.
  
• Chrysanthemum coccineum [M0396847]
  
• Chrysobalanaceae [M0418893]
  A plant family of the order ROSALES, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Chrysobalanus [M0448353]
  
• Cicer [M0385437]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE known for the edible beans.
  
• Cicer arietinum [M0385438]
  
• Cicuta [M0385579]
  A plant genus of the family APIACEAE. It is a source of cicutoxin.
  
• Cicuta maculata [M0387392]
  Cicuta maculata is toxic. Its foliage contains a complex unsaturated alcohol that causes convulsions.
  
• Cicuta major [M0027947]
  
• Cicuta virosa [M0027948]
  
• Cimicifuga [M0398963]
  A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE that contains triterpenoid saponins. Remifemin from C. racemosa is used to suppress LUTEINIZING HORMONE. It is reclassified by some to ACTAEA. The common name of black snakeroot is also used with ASARUM and SANICULA.
  
• Cimicifuga racemosa [M0398964]
  
• Cinchona [M0004486]
  A genus of rubiaceous South American trees that yields the toxic CINCHONA ALKALOIDS from their bark; QUININE; QUINIDINE; chinconine, cinchonidine and others are used to treat malaria and cardiac arrhythmias.
  
• Cinnamomum [M0380055]
  A plant genus in the LAURACEAE family. The bark of the trees is used in FOLK MEDICINE and FLAVORING AGENTS.
  
• Cinnamomum aromaticum [M0397312]
  A plant species of the genus CINNAMOMUM that contains CINNAMATES and has been used in traditional Chinese medicine (DRUGS, CHINESE HERBAL).
  
• Cinnamomum camphora [M0029334]
  A tree, Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J. Presl, known as the source of CAMPHOR.
  
• Cinnamomum zeylanicum [M0004491]
  The tree which is known for its bark which is sold as cinnamon. The oil contains about 65-80% cinnamaldehyde and 10% EUGENOL and many TERPENES.
  
• Cirsium [M0396812]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain pectolinarin (a flavonoid glycoside).
  
• Cirsium arvense [M0396813]
  
• Cissampelos [M0398495]
  A plant genus of the family MENISPERMACEAE. Members contain eletefine (a stephaoxocane alkaloid) and tropoloisoquinoline and protoberberine ALKALOIDS.
  
• Cissus [M0400491]
  A plant genus of the family VITACEAE. Cissus rufescence gum is considered comparable to TRAGACANTH.
  
• Cistaceae [M0388807]
  A plant family of the order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. The common name of rock rose is used with several plants of this family.
  
• Cistanche [M0398594]
  A plant genus of the family OROBANCHACEAE. Members contain phenylethanoid glycosides.
  
• Cistus [M0385264]
  A plant genus of the family CISTACEAE. The common name of rock rose is also sometimes used with the closely related Helianthemum genus (CISTACEAE).
  
• Citrullus [M0385289]
  A plant genus of the family CUCURBITACEAE known for the edible fruit.
  
• Citrus [M0004524]
  A plant genus of the family RUTACEAE. They bear the familiar citrus fruits including oranges, grapefruit, lemons, and limes. There are many hybrids which makes the nomenclature confusing.
  
• Citrus aurantiifolia [M0399872]
  A plant species of the genus CITRUS, family RUTACEAE that provides the familiar lime fruit. Its common name of lime is similar to the limetree (TILIA).
  
• Citrus aurantium [M0399889]
  A species of CITRUS that is much used as a tough rootstock for other CITRUS species. The fruit inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 isoform 3A4 much like grapefruit (CITRUS PARADISI).
  
• Citrus bergamia [M0448369]
  
• Citrus hystrix [M0450014]
  
• Citrus limon [M0399891]
  A plant species of the genus CITRUS, family RUTACEAE. There is no relationship to Lemongrass (CYMBOPOGON).
  
• Citrus maxima [M0399887]
  
• Citrus medica [M0399888]
  
• Citrus paradisi [M0399875]
  A plant species of the genus CITRUS, family RUTACEAE that provides the familiar grapefruit. There is evidence that grapefruit juice inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 isoform 3A4, resulting in delayed metabolism and higher blood levels of a variety of drugs.
  
• Citrus reticulata [M0399890]
  Tangerines and Mandarins are also attributed to Citrus deliciosa and Citrus tangerina.
  
• Citrus sinensis [M0399880]
  A plant species of the genus CITRUS, family RUTACEAE that provides the familiar orange fruit which is also a source of orange oil.
  
• Clarkia [M0398580]
  A plant genus, of the family ONAGRACEAE, which is the subject of genetic studies. The floral aroma is attributed to benzenoid esters and benzylacetate.
  
• Clathrotropis [M0448432]
  
• Clausena [M0401443]
  A plant genus of the family RUTACEAE. Members contain clausenamide.
  
• Claytonia [M0398885]
  
• Clematis [M0418770]
  A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE. Members contain SCOPOLETIN and SAPONINS.
  
• Cleome [M0397590]
  A plant genus of the family CAPPARACEAE that contains cleogynol and 15alpha-acetoxycleomblynol (dammaranes) and 1-epibrachyacarpone (a triterpene), and ISOTHIOCYANATES.
  
• Clerodendrum [M0400459]
  A plant genus of the family VERBENACEAE. Inerminosides (iridoid glycosides), colebroside A, STEROIDS, STEROLS, terpenoid glucosides, and abietane DITERPENES have been found in this genus.
  
• Clethra [M0396936]
  A plant genus of the family Clethraceae that contains barbinervic acid (ursane type TRITERPENES).
  
• Clethraceae [M0396935]
  A plant family of the order Ericales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Clibadium [M0396775]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE that is a source of ichthyothereol and cunaniol. Helenalin (a sesquiterpene lactone) is contained in several members.
  
• Clitoria [M0397063]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that contains ternatins (anthocyanins) and preternatins, antifungal proteins, stigmast-4-ene-3,6-dione, and clitoriacetal (ROTENONE).
  
• Clivia [M0418672]
  A plant genus of LILIACEAE. The common name of kaffir-lily is also used for Schizostylis (IRIDACEAE).
  
• Clover [M0385478]
  
• Clover, Bush [M0385453]
  
• Clusia [M0396937]
  A plant genus of the family CLUSIACEAE. Members contain benzophenones.
  
• Clusiaceae [M0332995]
  The mangosteen plant family (sometimes classified as Guttiferae; also known as Hypericaceae) of the order THEALES, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. It includes trees and shrubs with resinous, sticky sap, usually with broad-ended, oblong, leathery leaves with a strong, central vein, flowers with many stamens.
  
• Cnestis [M0399266]
  A plant genus of the family CONNARACEAE that contains glabrin.
  
• Cnicus [M0396814]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain cnicin.
  
• Cnidium [M0396498]
  A plant genus of the family APIACEAE. Members contain osthol.
  
• Cnidium monnieri [M0396499]
  
• Coca [M0004669]
  Any of several South American shrubs of the Erythroxylon genus (and family) that yield COCAINE; the leaves are chewed with alum for CNS stimulation.
  
• Coccinia [M0396952]
  A plant genus of the family CUCURBITACEAE that contains AGGLUTININS that are chitooligosaccharide-specific LECTINS. It is used in INDIA to treat DIABETES MELLITUS.
  
• Cocculus [M0398494]
  A plant genus of the family MENISPERMACEAE. Members contain sinococuline, coccuvine and other ALKALOIDS.
  
• Cochlospermum [M0396867]
  A plant genus of the family BIXACEAE that contains arjunolic acid and gum kondagogu (POLYSACCHARIDES).
  
• Cocos [M0004698]
  A plant genus of the family ARECACEAE. It is a tropical palm tree that yields a large, edible hard-shelled fruit from which oil and fiber are also obtained.
  
• Cocos nucifera [M0004697]
  
• Codonopsis [M0385240]
  A plant genus of the family CAMPANULACEAE. The common name of bellflower may sometimes be confused with other plants in the family that have similar appearance.
  
• Coffea [M0004719]
  A plant genus of the family RUBIACEAE. It is best known for the COFFEE beverage prepared from the beans (SEEDS).
  
• Coffea arabica [M0421629]
  
• Coix [M0398704]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The seed is used in folk medicine (DRUGS, CHINESE HERBAL).
  
• Coix lachryma-jobi [M0404844]
  
• Cola [M0386685]
  A plant genus of the family STERCULIACEAE. This is the source of the kola nut which contains CAFFEINE and is used in popular beverages.
  
• Colchicaceae [M0418667]
  A subfamily of LILIACEAE.
  
• Colchicum [M0004733]
  A genus of poisonous, liliaceous plants. The roots (corms) of Colchicum autumnale, the fall crocus or meadow saffron, yield COLCHICINE, which is used as a biochemical tool and to treat gout. Other members of this genus yield saffron dye, flavoring agents, and aromatics.
  
• Colchicum autumnale [M0380972]
  Colchicum autumnale L. is the source of COLCHICINE.
  
• Coleogyne [M0399309]
  
• Coleoptile [M0027810]
  
• Coleus [M0397148]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE which is the natural source of FORSKOLIN.
  
• Coleus forskohlii [M0397149]
  
• Colocasia [M0396531]
  A plant genus of the family ARACEAE. Members contain acrid calcium oxalate and LECTINS. Polynesians prepare the root into poi. Common names of Taro and Coco Yam (Cocoyam) may be confused with other ARACEAE; XANTHOSOMA; or with common yam (DIOSCOREA).
  
• Colophospermum [M0418655]
  
• Colubrina [M0399101]
  A plant genus of the family RHAMNACEAE. Members contain antifungal jujubogenin saponins.
  
• Comandra [M0399946]
  
• Combretaceae [M0385272]
  A plant family of the order Myrtales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. They are mostly trees and shrubs growing in warm areas.
  
• Combretum [M0385273]
  A plant genus of the family COMBRETACEAE. Triterpenes and combretastatin have been identified in members of this genus.
  
• Comfrey [M0328447]
  Perennial herb Symphytum officinale, in the family Boraginaceae, used topically for wound healing. It contains ALLANTOIN, carotene, essential oils (OILS, VOLATILE); GLYCOSIDES; mucilage, resin, SAPONINS; TANNINS; triterpenoids, VITAMIN B12, and ZINC. Comfrey also contains PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS and is hepatotoxic if ingested.
  
• Commelina [M0406291]
  A plant genus of the family COMMELINACEAE of perennial herbs with blue flowers.
  
• Commelinaceae [M0406290]
  A plant family of the order Commelinales, subclass Commelinidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons) that are often somewhat succulent. The leaves are alternate, simple, parallel-veined, and usually with a closed sheathing base. The flowers are often in cymes and have 3 petals and 3 sepals.
  
• Commiphora [M0385236]
  A plant genus of the family BURSERACEAE which is a source of gugulipid and guggulu extract. Balm of Gilead is a common name more often referring to POPULUS and sometimes to ABIES.
  
• Commiphora erythraea [M0385239]
  
• Commiphora mukul [M0385238]
  
• Commiphora wightii [M0385237]
  
• Comptonia [M0398525]
  
• Coniferophyta [M0029214]
  A plant division of GYMNOSPERMS consisting of cone-bearing trees and shrubs.
  
• Conium [M0385580]
  A plant genus of the family APIACEAE that is a source of coniine.
  
• Conium maculatum [M0027949]
  Conium maculatum is a large toxic umbelliferous plant, which contains the alkaloid coniine which affects the nervous system. The dried, fully grown, unripe fruit has sedative, anodyne, and antispasmodic effects.
  
• Connaraceae [M0399264]
  A plant family of the order ROSALES, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida that are tropical plants. The flowers are usually bisexual and have 5 sepals and petals; 5 or 10 stamens; and 1, 4, or usually 5 separate, one-chambered, female ovule-bearing structures (carpels).
  
• Connarus [M0399267]
  A plant genus of the family CONNARACEAE.
  
• Consolida [M0418755]
  
• Convallaria [M0397347]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE that contains CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES.
  
• Convallaria majalis [M0397348]
  
• Convallariaceae [M0418664]
  A subfamily of LILIACEAE.
  
• Convolvulaceae [M0380874]
  The morning glory family of flowering plants, of the order Solanales, which includes about 50 genera and at least 1,400 species. Leaves are alternate and flowers are funnel-shaped. Most are twining and erect herbs, with a few woody vines, trees, and shrubs.
  
• Convolvulus [M0396946]
  A plant genus of the family CONVOLVULACEAE. The common name of morning glory also refers to IPOMOEA. The common name of bindweed also refers to IPOMOEA; CALYSTEGIA; or POLYGONUM.
  
• Conyza [M0407472]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain alkenynes, daucosterol, friedelinol, conyzasaponins and other TRITERPENES.
  
• Copaifera [M0418652]
  
• Coptis [M0418769]
  A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE. Members contain BERBERINE and other isoquinoline ALKALOIDS.
  
• Corchorus [M0400423]
  A plant genus of the family TILIACEAE. Members contain cycloartane saponins and CARDENOLIDES.
  
• Cordia [M0396868]
  A plant genus of the family BORAGINACEAE. Members contain TRITERPENES and naphthoxirene.
  
• Cordyline [M0397350]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE that contains spirostanol & furostanol SAPONINS.
  
• Coreopsis [M0399089]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE that contains phenyl propanoids.
  
• Coriandrum [M0029170]
  A plant genus of the family APIACEAE. The leaves are the source of cilantro and the seeds are the source of coriander, both of which are used in SPICES.
  
• Coriandrum sativum [M0389644]
  
• Cornaceae [M0385277]
  A plant family of the order Cornales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida that is a loose grouping of woody ornamentals: 11 of its 14 genera have been placed in single families by some authorities. Some botanists combine members of NYSSACEAE into this family.
  
• Corni Fructus [M0385280]
  
• Cornus [M0385278]
  A plant genus of the family CORNACEAE. It is widely cultivated for the attractive flowers.
  
• Corsia [M0448326]
  
• Corsiaceae [M0448324]
  A plant family of the order Liliales (or by some as Dioscoreales or Burmanniales), subclass Liliidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). They are perennial saprophytic plants obtaining their carbon from FUNGI.
  
• Corsiopsis [M0448327]
  
• Corydalis [M0397111]
  A plant genus of the family FUMARIACEAE (classified by some in PAPAVERACEAE) that contains isoquinoline alkaloids.
  
• Corylus [M0396860]
  A plant genus of the family BETULACEAE known for the edible nuts.
  
• Costus [M0385282]
  A plant genus of the family Costaceae (sometimes classified in Zingiberaceae), order Zingiberales, subclass Zingiberidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). It is a source of SAPONINS and furostanol glycosides.
  
• Cotinus [M0418550]
  
• Cotoneaster [M0399308]
  
• Cottonseed [M0005251]
  
• Cotyledon [M0027811]
  A part of the embryo in a seed plant. The number of cotyledons is an important feature in classifying plants. In seeds without an endosperm, they store food which is used in germination. In some plants, they emerge above the soil surface and become the first photosynthetic leaves. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)
  
• Crambe abyssinica [M0396878]
  
• Crambe Plant [M0396877]
  A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE. Members contain crambin.
  
• Crassulaceae [M0385066]
  The stonecrop plant family of the order ROSALES, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida that grow in warm, dry regions. The leaves are thick. The flower clusters are red, yellow, or white.
  
• Crataegus [M0029222]
  A genus in the family ROSACEAE of shrubs and small trees native to the North Temperate Zone. It is best known for a traditional medication for the heart.
  
• Craterostigma [M0399985]
  A plant genus of the family SCROPHULARIACEAE.
  
• Crateva [M0397587]
  
• Cratoxylum [M0419697]
  
• Crepis [M0029164]
  A plant genus in the ASTERACEAE family.
  
• Crepis capillaris [M0387743]
  
• Crinum [M0397351]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE that contains ALKALOIDS.
  
• Crocus [M0029198]
  A plant genus, in the IRIDACEAE family, known as a source of Saffron.
  
• Crocus sativus [M0383893]
  
• Croomia [M0439603]
  
• Crops, Agricultural [M0027818]
  Cultivated plants or agricultural produce such as grain, vegetables, or fruit. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982)
  
• Crotalaria [M0385439]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that contains crotalarin.
  
• Croton [M0385375]
  A plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE. The common name of dragon's blood is also used for DRACAENA and Daemonorops (ARECACEAE). Croton tiglium is the source of CROTON OIL.
  
• Croton tiglium [M0399669]
  
• Cruciata [M0399822]
  A plant genus.
  
• Cryptocarya [M0397315]
  A plant genus of the family LAURACEAE. Members contain cryptofolione, caryachine, grandisin and other compounds. Some PEUMUS species have been reclassified as CRYPTOCARYA.
  
• Cryptolepis [M0396560]
  A plant genus of the family ASCLEPIADACEAE. Members contain the alkaloids quindoline, CSA-3, cryptolepine, and neocryptolepine.
  
• Cryptomeria [M0400612]
  A plant genus of the family TAXODIACEAE. Its POLLEN is one of the major ALLERGENS.
  
• Cryptostegia [M0418563]
  
• Cucumis [M0029178]
  A plant genus of the family CUCURBITACEAE, order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae best known for cucumber (CUCUMIS SATIVUS) and cantaloupe (CUCUMIS MELO). Watermelon is a different genus, CITRULLUS. Bitter melon may refer to MOMORDICA or this genus.
  
• Cucumis melo [M0382391]
  A plant species of the family CUCURBITACEAE, order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae known for the melon fruits with reticulated (net) surface including cantaloupes, honeydew, casaba, and Persian melons.
  
• Cucumis sativus [M0027816]
  A creeping annual plant species of the CUCURBITACEAE family. It has a rough succulent, trailing stem and hairy leaves with three to five pointed lobes.
  
• Cucurbita [M0029180]
  A plant genus of the family CUCURBITACEAE, order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, which includes pumpkin, gourd and squash.
  
• Cucurbitaceae [M0029179]
  The gourd plant family of the order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. It is sometimes placed in its own order, Cucurbitales. 'Melon' generally refers to CUCUMIS; CITRULLUS; or MOMORDICA.
  
• Cudrania [M0418696]
  A plant genus. Members contain cudraxanthones.
  
• Cuminum [M0382471]
  A plant genus of the family APIACEAE. The seed is used in SPICES.
  
• Cuminum cyminum [M0029174]
  
• Cunninghamia [M0400613]
  A plant genus of the family TAXODIACEAE. Members contain DITERPENES.
  
• Cunninghamia lanceolata [M0400614]
  
• Cuphea [M0398349]
  A plant genus of the family LYTHRACEAE. Members contain lauric acid and cuphiin.
  
• Cupressaceae [M0385298]
  A plant family of the order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Coniferophyta (conifers). They are mainly resinous, aromatic evergreen trees.
  
• Cupressus [M0385304]
  A plant genus of the family CUPRESSACEAE. Cypress ordinarily refers to this but also forms part of the name of plants in other genera.
  
• Curatella [M0448331]
  
• Curculigo [M0397352]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE that contains curculin and cycloartane saponins.
  
• Curcuma [M0385661]
  A plant genus of the family ZINGIBERACEAE that contains CURCUMIN and curcuminoids.
  
• Curcuma longa [M0385662]
  
• Curcuma zedoaria [M0418985]
  
• Cuscuta [M0404894]
  A plant genus of the family Cuscutaceae. It is a threadlike climbing parasitic plant that is used in DRUGS, CHINESE HERBAL.
  
• Cussonia [M0396540]
  A plant genus of the family ARALIACEAE that contains cussonosides or sieboldianosides (oleanane saponins).
  
• Cyamopsis [M0397064]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that is the source of guar gum.
  
• Cyamopsis tetragonoloba [M0397065]
  
• Cycadales [M0471153]
  A plant order of Cycadopsida.
  
• Cycadophyta [M0029215]
  A division of GYMNOSPERMS which look like palm trees (ARECACEAE) but are more closely related to PINUS. They have large cones and large pinnate leaves and are sometimes called cycads, a term which may also refer more narrowly to cycadales or CYCAS.
  
• Cycadopsida [M0471152]
  A plant class of Cycadophyta.
  
• Cycas [M0385313]
  A plant genus of the family Cycadaceae, order Cycadales, class Cycadopsida, division CYCADOPHYTA of palm-like trees. It is a source of CYCASIN, the beta-D-glucoside of methylazoxymethanol.
  
• Cyclamen [M0398895]
  A plant genus of the family PRIMULACEAE that contains triterpenoid saponins.
  
• Cyclea [M0398492]
  A plant genus of the family MENISPERMACEAE. Members contain bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids.
  
• Cydonia [M0399310]
  
• Cymbopogon [M0398707]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE which is a source of citronella oil and lemongrass oil.
  
• Cymbopogon nardus [M0398708]
  
• Cynanchum [M0396559]
  A plant genus of the family ASCLEPIADACEAE. Members contain steroidal glycosides and cytotoxic phenanthroindolizidine N-oxide alkaloids.
  
• Cynara [M0399084]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE.
  
• Cynara cardunculus [M0399085]
  
• Cynara scolymus [M0399086]
  A plant species of the genus CYNARA, family ASTERACEAE. The flower bud is the familiar artichoke eaten as a vegetable.
  
• Cynodon [M0398709]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is considered a lawngrass by some and a weed by others. It contains allergen Cyn d 7.
  
• Cynoglossum [M0418614]
  
• Cynomorium [M0397585]
  A plant genus of the family BALANOPHORACEAE. Members contain stigmastanes and ursanes (TRITERPENES) and lignan glucopyranosides (LIGNANS).
  
• Cyperaceae [M0385316]
  The sedge plant family of the order Cyperales, subclass Commelinidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
  
• Cyperus [M0385317]
  A plant genus of the family CYPERACEAE. SESQUITERPENES are found in some of the species.
  
• Cyperus esculentus [M0388283]
  
• Cypress [M0385305]
  
• Cyrtanthus [M0448336]
  
• Cyrtosperma [M0396532]
  A plant genus of the family ARACEAE that may be confused with other ARACEAE having similar common names.
  
• Cytisus [M0385441]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that is sometimes called broom because of the shape of the plant. Members produce SPARTEINE.
  
• Cytisus scoparius [M0397067]
  
• Dactylis [M0398710]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE that contains allergen Dac g I.
  
• Dahlia [M0399088]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE that contains antifungal plant defensin.
  
• Dalbergia [M0408151]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members of this genus can cause CONTACT DERMATITIS.
  
• Damiana [M0385104]
  
• Dang Shen [M0385242]
  
• Daphne [M0400410]
  A plant genus of the family THYMELAEACEAE. They are evergreen shrubs much cultivated in garden borders and rock gardens in mild climates. Members contain mezerein, flavonoids, and COUMARINS such as daphnetin and daphnin.
  
• Darlingtonia [M0487909]
  
• Datura [M0400171]
  A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain TROPANES. The common name of trumpet flower is also sometimes used for GELSEMIUM.
  
• Datura stramonium [M0020560]
  A plant species of the genus DATURA, family SOLANACEAE, that contains TROPANES and other SOLANACEOUS ALKALOIDS.
  
• Daucus carota [M0027815]
  A plant species of the family APIACEAE that is widely cultivated for the edible yellow-orange root. The plant has finely divided leaves and flat clusters of small white flowers.
  
• Delonix [M0399671]
  
• Delphinium [M0398957]
  A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE. Members contain ACONITINE and other diterpenoid alkaloids.
  
• Dendrobium [M0398588]
  A plant genus of the family ORCHIDACEAE that contains dihydroayapin (COUMARINS) and phenanthraquinones.
  
• Dendrophtora [M0400487]
  
• Dennstaedtiaceae [M0400631]
  The bracken fern plant family of the order Polypodiales, class Filicopsida, division Pteridophyta.
  
• Derris [M0385442]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The root is a source of rotenoids (ROTENONE) and flavonoids. Some species of Pongamia have been reclassified to this genus and some to MILLETTIA. Some species of Deguelia have been reclassified to this genus.
  
• Derris trifoliata [M0403694]
  
• Derris urucu [M0397068]
  
• Dianthus [M0385248]
  A plant genus of the family CARYOPHYLLACEAE. Members contain dianthins, which are ribosome inactivating proteins.
  
• Dicentra [M0397110]
  
• Dictamnus [M0411382]
  A plant genus of the family RUTACEAE. Members contain eudesmane type SESQUITERPENES; COUMARINS, and obacunone (a limonoid).
  
• Digitalis [M0006378]
  A genus of toxic herbaceous Eurasian plants of the SCROPHULARIACEAE which yield cardiotonic DIGITALIS GLYCOSIDES. The most useful species are Digitalis lanata and D. purpurea.
  
• Digitaria [M0398711]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE that many people consider to be a weed.
  
• Dillenia [M0448330]
  
• Dilleniaceae [M0448329]
  A plant family of the order Dilleniales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Dioclea [M0418653]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members contain MANNOSE-BINDING LECTINS and dioclein.
  
• Dionaea [M0396957]
  
• Dioncophyllaceae [M0448895]
  A plant family of the order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae class Magnoliopsida. Members contain naphthylisoquinolines which inhibit PLASMODIUM.
  
• Dioncophyllum [M0448898]
  
• Dioon [M0471147]
  
• Dioscorea [M0029197]
  A plant genus best known for edible underground tubers. Yam may also refer to a moist variety of sweet potato, IPOMOEA BATATAS.
  
• Dioscoreaceae [M0380894]
  The yam plant family, of the order Liliales, has thick roots or tubers and net-veined, heart-shaped leaves that sometimes are lobed.
  
• Diospyros [M0385321]
  A plant genus of the family EBENACEAE, order Ebenales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida best known for the edible fruit and the antibacterial activity and compounds of the wood.
  
• Diospyros digyna [M0396972]
  
• Dipsacaceae [M0471013]
  A plant family of the order Dipsacales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. It is sometimes called the teasel family.
  
• Dipsacus [M0471017]
  
• Dipterocarpaceae [M0418977]
  A plant family of the order THEALES.
  
• Dipteryx [M0455948]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members contain COUMARINS.
  
• Dipteryx odorata [M0455949]
  
• Dirca [M0418979]
  
• Discaria [M0418870]
  A plant genus. Members contain CYCLIC PEPTIDES.
  
• Dogwood [M0385279]
  
• Dolichos [M0397069]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that contains LECTINS. Many members have been reclassified into other genera of the FABACEAE family.
  
• Doronicum [M0396798]
  
• Dorstenia [M0418697]
  
• Doryphora [M0418695]
  A plant genus. Members contain ISOQUINOLINES.
  
• Dracaena [M0397353]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. The common name of "dragon's blood" is also used for CROTON and Daemonorops (ARECACEAE).
  
• Dracunculus Plant [M0396516]
  
• Drimys [M0400495]
  A plant genus of the family WINTERACEAE. They have leathery, elliptic-shaped leaves; red-tinged shoots; and jasmine-scented, cream-colored, 8- to 12-petaled, 2.5-centimeter (1-inch) flowers in clusters.
  
• Drosera [M0385319]
  A plant genus of the family Droseraceae, order Nepenthales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida, that contains naphthoquinone glucosides. The name sundew is rarely used for PYROLA.
  
• Droseraceae [M0396956]
  A plant family of the order Nepenthales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida, notable for leaves with sticky gland-tipped hairs that entrap insects.
  
• Dryas Plant [M0399311]
  A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE. Do not confuse with Dryas Butterfly (BUTTERFLIES).
  
• Drymaria [M0471032]
  
• Drynaria [M0418989]
  
• Dryopteridaceae [M0400623]
  The wood fern plant family of the order Polypodiales, class Filicopsida, division Pteridophyta.
  
• Dryopteris [M0400625]
  A plant genus of the family DRYOPTERIDACEAE. Members contain aspidin and filicic acid.
  
• Dryopteris filix-mas [M0400626]
  
• Duboisia [M0400172]
  A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE that is a source of SCOPOLAMINE and other TROPANES.
  
• Dunalia [M0448373]
  
• Durio [M0406954]
  
• Durum Wheat [M0492141]
  A hard wheat that is high in GLUTEN and DIETARY PROTEINS. It is used for semolina pasta and BREAD.
  
• Dutchman's Pipe [M0385656]
  
• Dysoxylum [M0418692]
  A plant genus. Members contain tirucallane-type TRITERPENES.
  
• Ebenaceae [M0396970]
  A small plant family of the order Ebenales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. Members contain NAPHTHOQUINONES.
  
• Echinacea [M0328458]
  A genus of perennial herbs used topically and internally. It contains echinacoside, GLYCOSIDES; INULIN; isobutyl amides, resin, and SESQUITERPENES.
  
• Echinacea angustifolia [M0410211]
  
• Echinacea purpurea [M0410210]
  
• Echinochloa [M0398713]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is grown mainly as a hay crop.
  
• Echinodorus [M0409309]
  
• Echinops grijisii [M0410214]
  
• Echinops Plant [M0396815]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain a pseudoguaiane sesquiterpene. San-fang-feng is the root of E. grijisii used in DRUGS, CHINESE HERBAL.
  
• Echium [M0410429]
  A plant genus of the family BORAGINACEAE. Members contain GAMMA-LINOLENIC ACID and PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS.
  
• Eclipta [M0410229]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain wedelolactone.
  
• Ectomycorrhizae [M0417490]
  Type of MYCORRHIZAE where the fungus forms a sheath outside the root. The fungus is usually a BASIDIOMYCOTA.
  
• Ehretia [M0418618]
  
• Eichhornia [M0398837]
  A plant genus of the family PONTEDERIACEAE that is used as a biological filter for treating wastewater.
  
• Elaeagnaceae [M0396973]
  A plant family of the order Rhamnales, subclass Rosidae class Magnoliopsida. The plants have a characteristic silvery or rusty-colored sheen, caused by tiny distinctive scales. Flowers have a tubular structure of four sepals. Root nodules host the Frankia (ACTINOMYCETES) nitrogen-fixing symbionts.
  
• Elaeagnus [M0397032]
  
• Elaeocarpaceae [M0448334]
  A plant family of the order Malvales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Elaeocarpus [M0448335]
  
• Elderberry [M0383854]
  
• Eleocharis [M0396955]
  A plant genus of the family CYPERACEAE.
  
• Elettaria [M0382457]
  A plant genus of the family ZINGIBERACEAE, order Zingiberales, subclass Zingiberidae. Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton is the source of Cardamom used in SPICES.
  
• Eleusine [M0398714]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE. Finger millet or raggee (E. coracana) is an important food grain in southern Asia and parts of Africa.
  
• Eleusine coracana [M0398715]
  
• Eleusine indica [M0398716]
  
• eleutherococc [M0149544]
  
• Eleutherococcus [M0381351]
  A plant genus in the family ARALIACEAE, order Apiales, subclass Rosidae. It is best known as an adaptogen and a substitute for ginseng.
  
• Elodea [M0397125]
  
• Elymus [M0398717]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The common name of wildrye is used with some other grasses.
  
• Embelia [M0398532]
  A plant genus of the family MYRSINACEAE. Members contain embelin.
  
• Emilia Plant [M0418564]
  A plant genus. The common name of tasselflower is easily confused with other plants.
  
• Encephalartos [M0471148]
  
• Endomycorrhizae [M0417491]
  The most common type of MYCORRHIZAE where the fungal HYPHAE penetrate into the cortical cells of the plant and there is no sheath formation. The fungus is usually a ZYGOMYCOTA.
  
• Enhydra fluctuans [M0448309]
  A semi-aquatic plant used as a vegetable in India.
  
• Ephedra [M0385322]
  A plant genus of the family Ephedraceae, order Ephedrales, class Gnetopsida, division Gnetophyta.
  
• Ephedra sinica [M0385323]
  A plant species of the family Ephedraceae, order Ephedrales, class Gnetopsida, division Gnetophyta. It is a source of EPHEDRINE and other alkaloids.
  
• Epilobium [M0398586]
  A plant genus of the family ONAGRACEAE. The common name of fireweed is also used with other plants.
  
• Epimedium [M0404891]
  A plant genus of the family BERBERIDACEAE which is used in DRUGS, CHINESE HERBAL. Members contain flavonol glycosides including epimedins, icariin and noricariin.
  
• Equisetaceae [M0381510]
  The plant family of order Equisetales, class Equisetopsida (Sphenopsida), division Equisetophyta (Sphenophyta).
  
• Equisetum [M0328461]
  The only living genus of the order Equisetales, class Equisetopsida (Sphenopsida), division Equisetophyta (Sphenophyta); distantly related to ferns. It grows in moist places. The hollow, jointed, ridged stems contain SILICATES.
  
• Eragrostis [M0398718]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE.
  
• Eremophila Plant [M0438711]
  A plant genus of the family MYOPORACEAE. Members have been used in FOLK MEDICINE.
  
• Ericaceae [M0385324]
  The heath plant family of the order Ericales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida that are generally shrubs or small trees. Leaves are alternate, simple, and leathery; flowers are symmetrical with a 4- or 5-parted corolla of partly fused petals.
  
• Erigeron [M0471029]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE that is similar to CONYZA. Members contain SESQUITERPENES.
  
• Eriobotrya [M0399286]
  A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE that is the source of an edible fruit. Members contain TRITERPENES.
  
• Eriocaulaceae [M0418639]
  A plant family of the order Commelinales, subclass Commelinidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons).
  
• Eriodictyon [M0397126]
  A plant genus of the family HYDROPHYLLACEAE that has a characteristic strong smell.
  
• Eriodictyon californicum [M0397127]
  
• Eriogonum [M0398832]
  A plant genus of the family POLYGONACEAE.
  
• Eryngium [M0396500]
  A plant genus of the family APIACEAE. Members contain SAPONINS.
  
• Erysimum [M0401023]
  A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE. Some members contain CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES.
  
• Erythrina [M0007684]
  A genus of leguminous shrubs or trees, mainly tropical, yielding certain alkaloids, lectins, and other useful compounds.
  
• Erythrina cristagalli [M0385445]
  
• Erythroxylaceae [M0391709]
  A plant family of the order Linales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida best known for the coca plant.
  
• Eschscholzia [M0398600]
  A plant genus of the family PAPAVERACEAE that contains benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids.
  
• Eschscholzia californica [M0398601]
  
• Eucalyptus [M0007937]
  A genus of Australian trees of the Myrtaceae family that yields gums, oils, and resins which are used as flavoring agents, astringents, and aromatics, and formerly to treat diarrhea, asthma, bronchitis, and respiratory tract infections.
  
• Euchresta [M0448429]
  
• Euclea [M0396971]
  A plant genus of the family Ebenaceae that contains pentacyclic triterpenoids.
  
• Eucommia ulmoides [M0397039]
  A species of the family EUCOMMIACEAE.
  
• Eucommiaceae [M0397038]
  A plant family of the order Eucommiales, subclass Hamamelidae, class Magnoliopsida (some botanists have classified this in the order Hamamelidales or Urticales). Eucomia is an elmlike tree of central and eastern China. Leaves are alternate; deciduous flowers are solitary and unisexual and lack petals and sepals. The male flowers have 6 to 10 stamens and female flowers have one ovary of two carpels, one of which aborts during development so the fruit (a dry, winged structure) contains only one seed. The latex is a source of RUBBER. Tochu tea is an aqueous extract of Eucommia ulmoides leaves and a popular beverage in Japan. (Mutat Res 1997 Jan 15;388(1):7-20).
  
• Eugenia [M0029221]
  A plant genus in the family MYRTACEAE, order Myrtales, subclass Rosidae. It is best known for cloves, which is the flower bud that is the source of an oil rich in EUGENOL. The botanical name has varied: Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L. M. Perry = Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb. = Caryophyllus aromaticus L. The Eugenia-Syzygium name is discussed in Amer. J. Bot 59:423 1972.
  
• Euodia ruticarpa [M0399893]
  
• Euonymus [M0385261]
  A plant genus of the family CELASTRACEAE.
  
• Euonymus sieboldianus [M0385262]
  
• Eupatorium [M0410231]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Ingestion has been associated with MILK SICKNESS. The common name of thoroughwort is also used for other plants including CHROMOLAENA; Hebeclinium, and Koanophyllon.
  
• Euphorbia [M0029190]
  A large plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE, order Euphorbiales, subclass Rosidae. They have a milky sap and a female flower consisting of a single pistil, surrounded by numerous male flowers of one stamen each. Euphorbia hirta is rarely called milkweed but that name is normally used for ASCLEPIAS.
  
• Euphorbiaceae [M0029192]
  The spurge family of flowering plants, in the order Euphorbiales, contains some 7,500 species in 275 genera. The family consists of annual and perennial herbs and woody shrubs or trees.
  
• Euphrasia [M0399986]
  A plant genus of the family SCROPHULARIACEAE having a folk reputation for use with the eyes.
  
• Eurycoma [M0408032]
  A plant genus of the family SIMAROUBACEAE. Members contain quassinoids. There is Malaysian folk use of these plants for male virility.
  
• Eurycoma longifolia [M0448760]
  
• Euterpe [M0448303]
  
• Evodia [M0399892]
  A plant genus of the family RUTACEAE which is used in Chinese medicine (DRUGS, CHINESE HERBAL). Evodiamine and other quinazoline alkaloids (QUINAZOLINES) are obtained from the fruit of E. ruticarpa.
  
• Evolvulus [M0396947]
  
• Excoecaria [M0418635]
  
• Fabaceae [M0012312]
  The large family of plants characterized by pods. Some are edible and some cause LATHYRISM or FAVISM and other forms of poisoning. Other species yield useful materials like gums from ACACIA and various LECTINS like PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS from PHASEOLUS. Many of them harbor NITROGEN FIXATION bacteria on their roots.
  
• Fagaceae [M0385518]
  A plant family of the order Fagales subclass Hamamelidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Fagara [M0399826]
  
• Fagopyrum [M0029112]
  A plant genus of the family POLYGONACEAE that is used as a cereal grain. Although the seeds are used as cereal, the plant is not one of the cereal grasses (POACEAE).
  
• Fagopyrum esculentum [M0479254]
  
• Fagopyrum sagittatum [M0479253]
  
• Fagopyrum tataricum [M0479252]
  
• Fagus [M0385521]
  A plant genus of the family FAGACEAE.
  
• Feijoa [M0398533]
  A plant genus of the family MYRTACEAE that is cultivated for the edible fruit, which is different from the ordinary guava (PSIDIUM).
  
• Ferns [M0385058]
  Seedless nonflowering plants of the class Filicinae. They reproduce by spores that appear as dots on the underside of feathery fronds. In earlier classifications the Pteridophyta included the club mosses, horsetails, ferns, and various fossil groups. In more recent classifications, pteridophytes and spermatophytes (seed-bearing plants) are in the division, or phylum, Tracheophyta.
  
• Ferula [M0008387]
  A plant genus of the family APIACEAE. It contains pungent oils and resins. It is used to flavor curries, as a carminative, and as cat and dog repellent. The occasionally used common name of 'giant fennel' should not be confused with true fennel (FOENICULUM).
  
• Ferula foetida [M0388730]
  A plant species that is one of the sources of asafoetida.
  
• Ferula hermonis [M0389263]
  A species of the FERULA genus that contains daucane sesquiterpenes.
  
• Festuca [M0398719]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The common name of fescue is also used with some other grasses.
  
• Fevillea [M0396953]
  A plant genus of the family CUCURBITACEAE that contains andirobicin (a cucurbitacin glucoside).
  
• Ficus [M0389663]
  A plant genus of the family MORACEAE. It is the source of the familiar fig fruit and the latex from this tree contains FICAIN.
  
• Filipendula [M0399287]
  A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE. Members contain TANNINS.
  
• Fir, Douglas [M0381836]
  P. menziesii (or P. douglasii).
  
• Fissistigma [M0448298]
  
• Flacourtia [M0397105]
  
• Flacourtiaceae [M0397104]
  The Indian plum plant family of the order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae class Magnoliopsida, that are tropical and subtropical trees and shrubs.
  
• Flat Sedge [M0385318]
  
• Flaveria [M0412069]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE that is used for experiments in molecular genetic studies in plant physiology and development.
  
• Flax [M0029097]
  A plant genus of the family LINACEAE that is cultivated for its fiber (manufactured into linen cloth). It contains a trypsin inhibitor and the seed is the source of LINSEED OIL.
  
• Flower Filament [M0416853]
  
• Flowering Tops [M0407130]
  Tops of plants when in flower, including the stems, leaves and blooms.
  
• Flowers [M0407150]
  The reproductive organs of plants.
  
• Foeniculum [M0385595]
  A plant genus of the family APIACEAE used in SPICES.
  
• Foeniculum vulgare [M0385596]
  
• Forests [M0021858]
  
• Forsythia [M0398573]
  A plant genus of the family OLEACEAE. Members contain suspensaside.
  
• Fortunella [M0399828]
  
• Fragaria [M0399288]
  A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE known for the edible fruit.
  
• Frangula [M0008821]
  A plant genus of the family RHAMNACEAE. This genus is often called buckthorn but should not be confused with other plants called that such as HIPPOPHAE or KARWINSKIA. Some RHAMNUS species have been reclassified into this genus. F. purshiana bark is cascara sagrada (CASCARA). Members contain emodine, frangulanin, frangulin, and anthraquinones such as EMODIN.
  
• Frangula alnus [M0399105]
  
• Frangula purshiana [M0399106]
  
• Fraxinus [M0398577]
  A plant genus of the family OLEACEAE. Members contain secoiridoid glucosides.
  
• Fritillaria [M0397354]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. Members of this genus produce imperialine, a steroidal alkaloid which acts at muscarinic receptors.
  
• Fruit [M0008867]
  The fleshy or dry ripened ovary of a plant, enclosing the seed or seeds.
  
• Frullania [M0413911]
  A plant genus of the family Jubulaceae, subclass JUNGERMANNIAE. Members contain eudesmane-type sesquiterpene lactones and cause CONTACT DERMATITIS.
  
• Fumaria [M0397112]
  A plant genus of the family FUMARIACEAE that contains fumariline and other isoquinoline alkaloids.
  
• Fumariaceae [M0397109]
  The fumitory, or bleeding-heart plant family of the order Papaverales, subclass Magnoliidae, class Magnoliopsida. Flowers are bisexual, with two small sepals and four petals, one pistil and six stamens.
  
• Galanthus [M0380970]
  A plant genus in the family LILIACEAE (sometimes classified as Amaryllidaceae). Galanthus nivalis L. is the source of GALANTHAMINE.
  
• Galanthus nivalis [M0380971]
  Galanthus nivalis L. is the source of GALANTHAMINE.
  
• Galega [M0385446]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that contains galegine (GUANIDINES). Most of the other species have been reclassified to TEPHROSIA; a few to ASTRAGALUS PLANT; and INDIGOFERA.
  
• Galega officinalis [M0385448]
  
• Galega orientalis [M0385447]
  
• Galium [M0399803]
  A plant genus of the family RUBIACEAE with a name very similar to the element GALLIUM.
  
• Galphimia [M0398460]
  A plant genus of the family MALPIGHIACEAE. G. glauca is the source of 'Galphimia glauca extract' and contains 'galphimine B' and tetragalloylquinic acid.
  
• Galphimia glauca [M0400647]
  
• Galtonia [M0418670]
  A plant genus of LILIACEAE.
  
• Garcinia [M0385268]
  A plant genus of the family CLUSIACEAE.
  
• Garcinia cambogia [M0385269]
  A plant species of the family CLUSIACEAE. It is a source of hydroxycitric acid.
  
• Garcinia kola [M0385271]
  A plant species of the family CLUSIACEAE. The common name of 'Bitter Kola' is sometimes also used to refer to COLA.
  
• Garcinia mangostana [M0385270]
  A plant genus of the family CLUSIACEAE. It is the source of the mangosteen fruit.
  
• Gardenia [M0399804]
  A plant genus of the family RUBIACEAE. Members contain genepin, from which geniposide is obtained for use as a crosslinking agent in ADHESIVES, and 3-caffeoyl-4-sinapoylquinic acid.
  
• Garlic [M0008992]
  Allium sativum. One of the Liliaceae used as a spice and traditional remedy. It contains allicin, the pungent active ingredient, which may reduce blood cholesterol and inhibit platelet aggregation.
  
• Gastrodia [M0398589]
  A plant genus of the family ORCHIDACEAE which depends on the fungus Armillaria mellea to complete its life cycle. It is an ingredient of Zhenxuanyin (DRUGS, CHINESE HERBAL).
  
• Gastrodia elata [M0398590]
  
• Gaultheria [M0397035]
  A plant genus of the family ERICACEAE. The common name of "wintergreen" is also used for PYROLA and "snowberry" is also used for SYMPHORICARPOS.
  
• Geigeria [M0410238]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE that causes vermeersiekte poisoning of sheep in South Africa. Members contain dihydrogriesenin and ivalin (sesquiterpene lactones).
  
• Gelsemium [M0397400]
  A plant genus of the family LOGANIACEAE (classified by some botanists as Gelsemiaceae). The sometimes used common name of trumpet flower is also used for DATURA.
  
• Genista [M0419530]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The common name of broom may be confused with Scotch Broom (CYTISUS) or Butcher's Broom (RUSCUS) or Desert Broom (BACCHARIS) or Spanish Broom (SPARTIUM) or Brome (BROMUS).
  
• Genista hispanica [M0419531]
  
• Genista tinctoria [M0424419]
  
• Gentiana [M0018530]
  A plant genus of the family GENTIANACEAE. Members contain secoiridoids.
  
• Gentianaceae [M0385523]
  A plant family of the order Gentianales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Gentianella [M0397113]
  A plant genus of the family GENTIANACEAE that contains nitiol (a C25 sesterterpenoid) & nitidasin.
  
• Geraniaceae [M0397114]
  A plant family of the order Geraniales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Geranium [M0397115]
  A plant genus of the family GERANIACEAE. Geranium is also used as a common name for PELARGONIUM.
  
• Geum [M0399290]
  A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE. Members contain TRITERPENES.
  
• Ginger [M0328539]
  Deciduous plant rich in volatile oil (OILS, VOLATILE). It is used as a flavoring agent and has many other uses both internally and topically.
  
• Ginkgo biloba [M0030084]
  The only specie of the genus Ginkgo, family Ginkgoacea. It is the source of extracts of medicinal interest, especially Egb 761. Ginkgo may refer to the genus or species.
  
• Ginkgophyta [M0030085]
  
• Glechoma [M0418662]
  
• Gleditsia [M0398028]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that contains gleditsiosides (triterpenoid SAPONINS).
  
• Gleditsia japonica [M0398029]
  
• Glehnia [M0418556]
  
• Glinus [M0408071]
  
• Globularia [M0418970]
  
• Glycine max [M0460674]
  
• Glycosmis [M0418913]
  
• Glycyrrhiza [M0009509]
  A genus of leguminous herbs or shrubs whose roots yield GLYCYRRHETINIC ACID and its derivatives, CARBENOXOLONE for example. Licorice toxicity is manifested as hypokalemia, low blood potassium. Licorice is used as flavoring and aromatic in pharmaceuticals and as candy.
  
• Glycyrrhiza uralensis [M0385450]
  A plant species of the family FABACEAE.
  
• Glyptopetalum [M0396923]
  A plant genus of the family Celastraceae that contains glyptopetolide (ursane-type triterpene), sclerocarpic acid, (sesquiterpene), hydroxytingenone, isoarborinol and cangoronine (triterpenoids).
  
• Gnaphalium [M0410239]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. The common name of cudweed is also used for other plants including Evax, Hesperevax, Pseudognaphalium, and Omalotheca. The common name of everlasting is also used for other plants including Anaphalis, Antennaria, HELICHRYSUM, Gamochaeta, and Pseudognaphalium.
  
• Gnetophyta [M0029216]
  A plant division of seed plants containing only a few members.
  
• Gnetum [M0408029]
  A plant genus of the family Gnetaceae, order Gnetales class Gnetopsida, division GNETOPHYTA. Members contain STILBENES and benzylisoquinoline alkaloids.
  
• Goat's Rue [M0385449]
  
• Gomphocarpus [M0396550]
  
• Gongronema [M0448305]
  
• Goniothalamus [M0418552]
  
• Goosefoot [M0391463]
  
• Gordonia Plant [M0403529]
  
• Gossypium [M0005250]
  A plant genus of the family MALVACEAE. It is the source of COTTON FIBER; COTTONSEED OIL, which is used for cooking, and GOSSYPOL. The economically important cotton crop is a major user of agricultural PESTICIDES.
  
• Grevillea [M0418360]
  A plant genus of the family PROTEACEAE which causes CONTACT DERMATITIS.
  
• Grewia [M0400424]
  A plant genus of the family TILIACEAE. Members contain lupeol and betulin TRITERPENES.
  
• Griffonia [M0397070]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members contain Griffonia simplicifolia agglutin-I and griffonin.
  
• Grindelia [M0410240]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain triterpenoid sapogenins.
  
• Grossulariaceae [M0399275]
  A plant family of the order ROSALES, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. They are deciduous woody shrubs with alternate leaves. The flowers are in terminal racemes with 5 petals and 5 stamens.
  
• Groundsel [M0019645]
  
• Guaiacum [M0400523]
  A plant genus of the family ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. GUAIAC is obtained from G. officinale or G. sanctum. Some species in this genus are called lignum vitae which is also a common name for other trees.
  
• Guarea [M0418689]
  
• Guatteria [M0396488]
  A plant genus of the family ANNONACEAE. Members contain asarone, isoguattouregidine (an isoquinoline alkaloid), norlaureline, puterine, noraporphine alkaloids.
  
• Guibourtia [M0448428]
  
• Gymnema [M0396556]
  A plant genus of the family ASCLEPIADACEAE.
  
• Gymnema alternifolium [M0396557]
  A species of GYMNEMA. Gymnepregosides (PREGNANES) have been found in the roots of G. alternifolium.
  
• Gymnema sylvestre [M0396558]
  A plant species of the genus GYMNEMA that contains gymnemic acid (triterpene SAPONINS) which affects blood sugar level and gurmarin protein. The common name of Gurmar should not be confused with Guar (CYAMOPSIS).
  
• Gymnosperms [M0029213]
  Gymnosperms are a group of vascular plants whose seeds are not enclosed by a ripened ovary (fruit), in contrast to ANGIOSPERMS whose seeds are surrounded by an ovary wall. The seeds of many gymnosperms (literally, "naked seed") are borne in cones and are not visible. Taxonomists now recognize four distinct divisions of extant gymnospermous plants (CONIFEROPHYTA; CYCADOPHYTA; GINKGOPHYTA; and GNETOPHYTA).
  
• Gynostemma [M0385291]
  A plant genus of the family CUCURBITACEAE. It is a source of gypenosides and triterpenoid SAPONINS.
  
• Gynostemma pentaphyllum [M0385292]
  
• Habropetalum [M0448897]
  
• Haematoxylon [M0010063]
  
• Halogeton [M0418631]
  
• Hamamelidaceae [M0384106]
  A plant family of the order Hamamelidales, subclass Hamamelidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Hamamelis [M0384813]
  A plant genus of the family Hamamelidaceae, order Hamamelidales. It is known for the astringent (ASTRINGENTS) extract of leaves and bark used in over the counter preparations. This should not be confused with the similar named Hamelia genus (RUBIACEAE).
  
• Hamamelis virginiana [M0384814]
  
• Hamelia [M0399805]
  A plant genus of the family RUBIACEAE that has a name very similar to another plant genus, HAMAMELIS.
  
• Haplopappus [M0396853]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Many of the member species have been reclassified to other genera such as Machaeranthera, Isocoma, Ericameria, etc. Ingestion of the plant has been associated with MILK SICKNESS.
  
• Haplophyllum [M0418910]
  
• Hare's Ear [M0385533]
  
• Harpagophytum [M0398617]
  A plant genus of the family PEDALIACEAE. Members contain harpagoside and are the source of extract WS 1531.
  
• Harpagophytum procumbens [M0398618]
  
• Harpullia [M0448370]
  
• Harrisonia [M0418972]
  
• Hawthorn [M0029228]
  
• Hedeoma [M0397161]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that is closely related to the European pennyroyal (MENTHA PULEGIUM).
  
• Hedeoma pulegioides [M0397162]
  
• Hedera [M0408794]
  A plant genus of the family ARALIACEAE. Members contain hederin (olean-12-ene) type TRITERPENES.
  
• Hedera helix [M0408795]
  
• Hedychium [M0418983]
  
• Hedyotis [M0399806]
  A plant genus of the family RUBIACEAE. Members contain anthraquinones and iridoids. H. diffusa is used in DRUGS, CHINESE HERBAL.
  
• Helianthemum [M0396933]
  The common name of rock rose is also sometimes used with the closely related CISTUS genus.
  
• Helianthus [M0009999]
  A genus of tall, erect American herbs of the Compositae. The seeds yield oil and are used as food and animal feed; the roots of Helianthus tuberosum (Jerusalem artichoke) are edible.
  
• Helichrysum [M0410171]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain CHALCONE, helichrysetin, arenarin, and flamin.
  
• Heliconia [M0400508]
  
• Heliconiaceae [M0400507]
  A plant family of the order ZINGIBERALES, subclass Zingiberidae, class Liliopsida.
  
• Helicteres [M0418976]
  
• Heliotrope, Garden [M0386953]
  
• Heliotropium [M0381734]
  A plant genus in the family Boraginaceae, order Lamiales, subclass Asteridae. This is the True Heliotrope that should not be confused with an unrelated plant sometimes called Garden Heliotrope (VALERIAN).
  
• Helleborus [M0418758]
  A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE. Members contain hellebrin (BUFANOLIDES). The extract is the basis of Biocil preparation used for rheumatism.
  
• Hemerocallis [M0397363]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. Members contain steroidal saponins.
  
• Hemidesmus [M0396554]
  A plant genus of the family ASCLEPIADACEAE. It is a source of PREGNANES. It is sometimes an adulterant of commercial sarsaparilla.
  
• Hemidesmus indicus [M0396555]
  
• Hemlock [M0027950]
  Any of several poisonous plants, commonly called poison hemlock, of the CICUTA or CONIUM genus. The hemlock tree (TSUGA) is completely unrelated being a coniferous tree of the pine family.
  
• Hepatica [M0418771]
  
• Hepatophyta [M0408742]
  A plant division. They are simple plants that lack vascular tissue and possess rudimentary rootlike organs (rhizoids). Like MOSSES, liverworts have alternation of generations between haploid gamete-bearing forms (gametophytes) and diploid spore-bearing forms (sporophytes).
  
• Heracleum [M0385597]
  A plant genus of the family APIACEAE. Members contain COUMARINS.
  
• Hernandia [M0471215]
  
• Hernandiaceae [M0471214]
  A plant family of the order Laurales, subclass Magnoliidae, class Magnoliopsida. Members contain cytotoxic furofuran LIGNANS and isoquinoline ALKALOIDS.
  
• Herniaria [M0471033]
  Members contain TRITERPENES.
  
• Hesperaloe [M0396441]
  A plant genus of the family Agavaceae.
  
• Heterotheca [M0418572]
  A plant genus. Members contain cadinane type SESQUITERPENES.
  
• Heuchera [M0399303]
  A plant genus of the family SAXIFRAGACEAE with dark green round or heart-shaped leaves and tiny flowers.
  
• Hevea [M0382430]
  A plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE, order Euphorbiales, subclass Rosidae. Commercial natural RUBBER is mainly obtained from Hevea brasiliensis but also from some other plants.
  
• Hevea brasiliensis [M0382433]
  
• Hibiscus [M0398465]
  A plant genus of the family MALVACEAE. Members contain LIGNANS. H. cannabinus is a source of textile fiber (TEXTILES).
  
• Hibiscus cannabinus [M0398466]
  
• Himatanthus [M0418558]
  
• Hippeastrum [M0418671]
  A plant genus of LILIACEAE.
  
• Hippocastanaceae [M0397118]
  A plant family of the order Sapindales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Hippocratea [M0397122]
  A plant genus of the family HIPPOCRATEACEAE.
  
• Hippocrateaceae [M0397121]
  A plant family of the order Celastrales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. The Hippocratea genus contains friedelanes, triterpenoid quinone, and hippocrateine I.
  
• Hippomane [M0397041]
  A plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE. The trees contain hippomanin A (TANNINS) and the latex is a skin irritant.
  
• Hippophae [M0397034]
  A plant genus of the family ELAEAGNACEAE. Linoleic (18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic acids (18:3n-3) comprised about 70% of seed oil fatty acids. This is unrelated to 'artificial sea buckthorn oil'.
  
• Hirtella [M0448354]
  
• Holarrhena [M0407611]
  A plant genus of the family APOCYNACEAE. Members contain holarrhenine (a steroidal alkaloid) and TRICHOTHECENES.
  
• Holcus [M0398720]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE that contains Hol l 1 and Hol l 5 allergens.
  
• Holly [M0385631]
  
• Holly Oak [M0397103]
  
• Hordeum [M0002183]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The seed grain, barley, is widely used as food.
  
• Hordeum vulgare [M0401224]
  
• Hortonia [M0418694]
  A plant genus. Members contain furanone butenolides.
  
• Hosta [M0397365]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. Members contain steroidal saponins.
  
• Houttuynia [M0490007]
  A plant genus of the family SAURURACEAE. Members contain aristolactams.
  
• Huckleberry Plant [M0385333]
  Several plant species of the genus VACCINIUM known for the edible huckleberry fruit.
  
• Humulus [M0380290]
  A plant genus in the CANNABACEAE family. Best known for the buds of Humulus lupulus L. used in BEER.
  
• Huperzia [M0400643]
  A plant genus of the family LYCOPODIACEAE. Members contain huperzine, one of the CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS.
  
• Hyacinthaceae [M0418665]
  A subfamily of LILIACEAE.
  
• Hyacinthus [M0397366]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. Do not confuse with water hyacinth (EICHHORNIA).
  
• Hybanthus [M0448377]
  
• Hydrangea [M0399278]
  A plant genus of the family HYDRANGEACEAE. Members contain hydrangenol, thunberginols, hydramacrosides A and B, and secoiridoid glucosides.
  
• Hydrangeaceae [M0385067]
  A plant family of the order ROSALES, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Hydrastis [M0418756]
  A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE. Members contain BERBERINE.
  
• Hydrastis canadensis [M0418757]
  
• Hydrilla [M0397124]
  
• Hydrocharitaceae [M0397123]
  A plant family of the order Hydrocharitales, subclass ALISMATIDAE, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons).
  
• Hydrophyllaceae [M0384837]
  The waterleaf plant family of the order Solanales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. They have alternate leaves, regular flowers with five-lobed corollas (united petals), and a one- or two-celled ovary.
  
• Hygrophila [M0448294]
  
• Hymenaea [M0418650]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members contain resins (RESINS, PLANT) and GLUCANS.
  
• Hyoscyamus [M0400173]
  A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE which contains TROPANES.
  
• Hypericaceae [M0381443]
  
• Hypericum [M0328541]
  Genus of perennial plants in the family CLUSIACEAE (sometimes classified as Hypericaceae). Herbal and homeopathic preparations are used for depression, neuralgias, and a variety of other conditions. Hypericum contains flavonoids; GLYCOSIDES; mucilage, TANNINS; volatile oils (OILS, ESSENTIAL), hypericin and hyperforin.
  
• Hypericum perforatum [M0030110]
  
• Hypocotyl [M0027808]
  The region of the stem beneath the stalks of the seed leaves (cotyledons) and directly above the young root of the embryo plant. It grows rapidly in seedlings showing epigeal germination and lifts the cotyledons above the soil surface. In this region (the transition zone) the arrangement of vascular bundles in the root changes to that of the stem. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)
  
• Hypoestes [M0418530]
  
• Hypoxis [M0380973]
  Hypoxis is a plant genus in the family LILIACEAE (sometimes classified as Hypoxidaceae).
  
• Hypoxis rooperi [M0380974]
  Hypoxis rooperi is the source of rooperol.
  
• Hyptis [M0397150]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that contains 5-methoxydehydropodophyllotoxin (a PODOPHYLLOTOXIN) and other LIGNANS.
  
• Hyssopus [M0418658]
  
• Ilex [M0385629]
  A plant genus of the family AQUIFOLIACEAE. The common name of 'holly' usually refers to this genus but may sometimes refer to similar looking plants of the MAHONIA or QUERCUS genus.
  
• Ilex guayusa [M0385632]
  A plant species of the family AQUIFOLIACEAE known for ritual use by Amazonian Jivaro Indians.
  
• Ilex paraguariensis [M0385633]
  A plant species of the family AQUIFOLIACEAE. An infusion of the leaves is commonly drunk in South America for stimulating effect in much the same manner as coffee is in other cultures.
  
• Ilex verticillata [M0396515]
  
• Ilex vomitoria [M0385634]
  A plant species of the family AQUIFOLIACEAE. It has been used to induce vomiting in purification rites.
  
• Illicium [M0384838]
  A plant genus of the family Illiciaceae, order Illiciales, subclass Magnoliidae, class Magnoliopsida. They have evergreen, aromatic leaves and bisexual flowers. The female portion of the flower consists of 7 to 15 carpels.
  
• Illicium anisatum [M0384839]
  
• Illicium verum [M0384840]
  
• Impatiens [M0383764]
  A plant genus of subsucculent annual or perennial plants in the family BALSAMINACEAE, order Geraniales.
  
• Impatiens balsamina [M0383765]
  
• Imperata [M0418751]
  
• Indigofera [M0385451]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The common name of indigo also refers to Baptisia or Amorpha genera (FABACEAE).
  
• Inula [M0414500]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain INULIN, alantol, helenin, alantic acid, and acrid resin.
  
• Inula racemosa [M0114611]
  
• Iostephane [M0418568]
  
• Ipomoea [M0380891]
  A plant genus in the family CONVOLVULACEAE best known for morning glories (a common name also used with CONVOLVULUS) and sweet potato.
  
• Ipomoea batatas [M0029160]
  A plant species of the genus IPOMOEA, family CONVOLVULACEAE. Some cultivars are sweet and edible whereas bitter varieties are a source of SAPONINS. This sweet potato is sometimes referred to as a yam (DIOSCOREA).
  
• Ipomoea nil [M0471006]
  A plant species of the genus IPOMOEA, family CONVOLVULACEAE. An abundance of spontaneous mutants makes it useful in study of PLANT DNA and GENETICS.
  
• Iridaceae [M0380393]
  A monocot plant family of the Liliopsida class. It is classified by some in the Liliales order and some in the Asparagales order.
  
• Iris Plant [M0397128]
  A plant genus of the family IRIDACEAE that contains IRIP, a type-1 ribosome-inactivating protein, and iridals (TRITERPENES).
  
• Isatis [M0396879]
  A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE that is an ingredient of the preparation PC-SPES that is used to treat PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA.
  
• Isertia [M0418898]
  A plant genus. Members contain pyrocincholic acid.
  
• Isodon [M0413131]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE. Members contain ent-kaurene type DITERPENES.
  
• Isopyrum [M0418772]
  
• Ixeris [M0448311]
  
• Jasminum [M0398576]
  A plant genus of the family OLEACEAE. Members contain secoiridoid glucosides and this is the source of oil of jasmine.
  
• Jatropha [M0397042]
  A plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE. Members contain jatrophone and other diterpenes.
  
• Jerusalem Artichoke [M0010000]
  
• Juglandaceae [M0384843]
  The walnut plant family of the order Juglandales, subclass Hamamelidae, class Magnoliopsida. They are mainly temperate zone trees.
  
• Juglans [M0397129]
  A plant genus of the family JUGLANDACEAE that provides the familiar walnut.
  
• Jungermanniae [M0408743]
  A plant subclass of Hepatophyta.
  
• Juniper [M0388843]
  The common name of several of the species of Juniperus. Juniper berries are resinous and can be found in various stages of ripeness on the same plant.
  
• Juniperus [M0027951]
  A plant genus of the family CUPRESSACEAE. The species are slow growing coniferous evergreen trees or shrubs.
  
• Juniperus communis [M0388845]
  
• Juniperus occidentalis [M0385306]
  
• Juniperus oxycedrus [M0292005]
  
• Juniperus virginiana [M0385307]
  
• Kadsura [M0399972]
  A plant genus of the family SCHISANDRACEAE that is used in folk medicine much like SCHISANDRA. Members contain kadsurenone and kadsurin.
  
• Kaempferia [M0418982]
  
• Kalanchoe [M0399273]
  A plant genus of the family CRASSULACEAE. Members contain bryophyllins (also called bryotoxins) which are bufadienolides (BUFANOLIDES) that have insecticidal activity.
  
• Kalopanax [M0411351]
  A plant genus of the family ARALIACEAE. Members contain triterpene saponins.
  
• Kandelia [M0444102]
  
• Karwinskia [M0008819]
  A plant genus of the family RHAMNACEAE that contains tullidinol (toxin T-544) and peroxisomicine (toxin T-514). It is sometimes called buckthorn but should not be confused with other plants called that.
  
• Karwinskia humboldtiana [M0401264]
  
• Kava [M0328554]
  Dried rhizome and roots of Piper methysticum, a shrub native to Oceania and known for its anti-anxiety and sedative properties. Heavy usage results in some adverse effects. It contains ALKALOIDS; LACTONES; kawain, methysticin, mucilage, STARCH, and yangonin. Kava is also the name of the pungent beverage prepared from the plant's roots.
  
• Khaya [M0418693]
  A plant genus. Members contain LIMONOIDS.
  
• Knautia [M0471015]
  
• Knotweed [M0382450]
  
• Kochia [M0418630]
  
• Kokoona [M0448321]
  
• Korthalsella [M0400465]
  
• Krameria [M0397134]
  A plant genus of the family KRAMERIACEAE. Members contain proanthocyanidins.
  
• Krameriaceae [M0397133]
  A plant family of the order Polygalales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Kudzu [M0385490]
  
• Kunzea [M0398536]
  A plant genus of the family MYRTACEAE. The common name of tea tree more often refers to MELALEUCA or LEPTOSPERMUM.
  
• Laburnum [M0397074]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE named after the drooping clusters of flowers.
  
• Laburnum anagyroides [M0397075]
  
• Lactuca sativa [M0460671]
  
• Lagerstroemia [M0398350]
  A plant genus of the family LYTHRACEAE. Members contain lagertannin and have hypoglycemic effects.
  
• Lamiaceae [M0029236]
  The mint plant family. They are characteristically aromatic, and many of them are cultivated for their oils. Most have square stems, opposite leaves, and two-lipped, open-mouthed, tubular corollas (united petals), with five-lobed, bell-like calyxes (united sepals).
  
• Lannea [M0418551]
  
• Lantana [M0400460]
  A plant genus of the family VERBENACEAE. Members contain lantadene and other TRITERPENES.
  
• Larix [M0381830]
  A plant genus in the family PINACEAE, order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Coniferophyta.
  
• Larrea [M0400524]
  A plant genus of the family ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. It is sometimes called chaparral but that is a generic word which is used with a number of other plants. Members contain NORDIHYDROGUAIARETIC ACID.
  
• Lathyrus [M0012311]
  A plant genus in the family FABACEAE known for LATHYRISM poisoning.
  
• Lauraceae [M0029337]
  A family of mainly aromatic evergreen plants in the order Laurales. The laurel family includes 2,200 species in 45 genera and from these are derived medicinal extracts, essential oils, camphor and other products.
  
• Laurus [M0380070]
  A plant genus in the LAURACEAE family. Laurus nobilis L. leaves are known for use in SPICES, having a similar flavor as UMBELLULARIA.
  
• Laurus nobilis [M0380071]
  Laurus nobilis L. leaves are known for use in SPICES.
  
• Lavandula [M0029235]
  A plant genus of the LAMIACEAE family.
  
• Lawsonia inermis [M0398352]
  
• Lawsonia Plant [M0398351]
  A plant genus of the family LYTHRACEAE that is the source of henna and has cytotoxic activity.
  
• Lecythidaceae [M0397326]
  A plant family of the order Lecythidales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Ledum [M0385328]
  A plant genus of the family ERICACEAE.
  
• Ledum groenlandicum [M0385329]
  
• Ledum palustre [M0385330]
  
• Legume Pod [M0407231]
  
• Lens culinaris [M0460637]
  
• Lens Plant [M0460636]
  A plant genus of the FABACEAE family known for the seeds used as food.
  
• Leonotis [M0418657]
  
• Leonurus [M0397151]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that contains leonurine.
  
• Lepidium [M0385139]
  A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE growing in Peru mountains. It is the source of maca root.
  
• Lepidium meyenii [M0385140]
  A plant species with an edible root.
  
• Lepidium sativum [M0396880]
  A plant species of the genus LEPIDIUM, family BRASSICACEAE that is a fast-growing, often weedy native of western Asia. It is widely grown, especially in its curl-leaved form, and used as a garnish
  
• Lepidozamia [M0400604]
  
• Leptospermum [M0398537]
  A plant genus of the family MYRTACEAE. The common name of tea tree is also used for MELALEUCA and KUNZEA.
  
• Lespedeza [M0385452]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE.
  
• Leuzea [M0443649]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. ECDYSONE has been found in seeds of some members.
  
• Leuzea carthamoides [M0443650]
  
• Levisticum [M0385598]
  A plant genus of the family APIACEAE.
  
• Levisticum officinale [M0385599]
  
• Libocedrus [M0385308]
  A plant genus of the family CUPRESSACEAE. The common name of 'Cedar' makes this easily confused with other trees using that name including cedrus, JUNIPERUS; and CHAMAECYPARIS.
  
• Licania [M0448355]
  
• Lichens [M0012482]
  Any of a group of plants formed by a mutual combination of an alga and a fungus.
  
• Ligaria cuneifolia [M0400485]
  
• Ligularia [M0448307]
  
• Ligusticum [M0385601]
  A plant genus of the family APIACEAE.
  
• Ligustrum [M0398575]
  A plant genus of the family OLEACEAE. Oleuropein, a phenolic secoiridoid glycoside, is found in the leaves.
  
• Ligustrum lucidum [M0448348]
  
• Liliaceae [M0029199]
  A monocot family within the order Liliales. This family is divided by some botanists into other families such as Convallariaceae, Hyacinthaceae and Amaryllidaceae. Amaryllidaceae, which have inferior ovaries, includes CRINUM; GALANTHUS; LYCORIS; and NARCISSUS and are known for AMARYLLIDACEAE ALKALOIDS.
  
• Lilium [M0029201]
  A plant genus in the family LILIACEAE generally growing in temperate areas. The word lily is also used in the common names of many plants of other genera that resemble true lilies. True lilies are erect perennial plants with leafy stems, scaly bulbs, usually narrow leaves, and solitary or clustered flowers.
  
• Limnobium [M0408755]
  
• Limonium [M0398648]
  A plant genus of the family PLUMBAGINACEAE that contains flavonoids.
  
• Linaceae [M0029163]
  A plant family in the order Linales. These plants have simple leaves and regular flowers housing a compound ovary. Stamens are usually fused by their filaments.
  
• Linaria [M0399987]
  A plant genus of the family SCROPHULARIACEAE. Members contain linarin (also called acaciin).
  
• Lindera [M0380072]
  A plant genus in the LAURACEAE family. Lindera benzoin is a source of a balsamic resin called benzoin which is up to 1/3 BENZOIC ACID. This should not be confused with the chemical BENZOIN or the plant STYRAX BENZOIDES.
  
• Lindera benzoin [M0380073]
  Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume is known as a source of a balsamic resin called Benzoin which is up to 1/3 BENZOIC ACID.
  
• Linum usitatissimum [M0398347]
  
• Lippia [M0400461]
  A plant genus of the family VERBENACEAE. Lippsidoquinone; TRITERPENES; SESQUITERPENES; and THYMOL have been found in this genus. Plant extracts have cytotoxic activity. It is sometimes called Mexican oregano but that confuses it with real oregano (ORIGANUM).
  
• Liquidambar [M0397117]
  A plant genus of the family HAMAMELIDACEAE. The sap is a source of storax, which should not be confused with the similar named STYRAX genus.
  
• Liriodendron [M0398369]
  A plant genus of the family MAGNOLIACEAE. Members include hardwood trees of eastern North America with distinct large tuliplike flowers.
  
• Liriodendron tulipifera [M0398370]
  
• Liriope muscari [M0397369]
  
• Liriope Plant [M0397368]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. Members contain ruscogenin. Do not confuse with the Liriope jellyfish (CNIDARIA).
  
• Liriope spicatum [M0397370]
  
• Litchi [M0399953]
  A plant genus of the family SAPINDACEAE that bears sweet fruits. Unusual fatty acids such as cyclopropanoic fatty acids have been identified in the seeds.
  
• Litchi chinensis [M0399954]
  
• Lithospermum [M0385137]
  A plant genus of the family BORAGINACEAE. Members contain lithospermans and lithospermic acid.
  
• Lithrea [M0396445]
  A plant genus of the family ANACARDIACEAE.
  
• Litsea [M0401503]
  A plant genus of the family LAURACEAE. Members contain laurotetanine and other APORPHINES.
  
• Lobelia [M0385243]
  A plant genus of the family CAMPANULACEAE used medicinally and is a source of LOBELINE.
  
• Locoweed, Wooly [M0381065]
  
• Loganiaceae [M0384853]
  A plant family of the order Gentianales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. They have leaflike appendages at the base of the leafstalks, have terminal flower clusters. Petals have four or five overlapping lobes and the fruit is a capsule containing winged or wingless seeds.
  
• Lolium [M0012675]
  Common member of the Gramineae family used as cattle fodder. It harbors several fungi and other parasites toxic to livestock and people and produces allergenic compounds, especially in its pollen. The most commonly seen varieties are L. perenne, L. multiflorum, and L. rigidum.
  
• Lonicera [M0396913]
  A plant genus of the family CAPRIFOLIACEAE. Members contain iridoid glucosides.
  
• Loosestrife, Purple [M0448338]
  
• Loranthaceae [M0381765]
  The showy mistletoe plant family of the order Santalales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. This includes parasitic tropical plants with haustoria connecting to the hosts. The leaves are opposite and thick. The flowers (4-7) have both calyx and corolla. The fruit is a berry with one seed.
  
• Lotus [M0385454]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. This genus was formerly known as Tetragonolobus. The common name of lotus is also used for NYMPHAEA and NELUMBO.
  
• Ludwigia [M0398579]
  
• Luffa [M0385294]
  A plant genus of the family CUCURBITACEAE known for the fruit which is the source of the luffa sponge and the seeds which contain luffin.
  
• Lupinus [M0397076]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that is a source of SPARTEINE, lupanine and other lupin alkaloids.
  
• Lychnis [M0396918]
  A plant genus of the family CARYOPHYLLACEAE. The common name "Campion" is also used with SILENE.
  
• Lychnophora [M0418573]
  A plant genus. Members contain lychnostatins (germacranolides) and LIGNANS.
  
• Lycium [M0400174]
  A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain CEREBROSIDES and SCOPOLETIN.
  
• Lycopersicon esculentum [M0027814]
  A plant species of the family SOLANACEAE, native of South America, widely cultivated for their edible, fleshy, usually red fruit.
  
• Lycopodiaceae [M0384873]
  The club-moss plant family of the order Lycopodiales, class Lycopodiopsida, division Lycopodiophyta, subkingdom Tracheobionta. The common name of clubmoss applies to several genera of this family. Despite the name this is not one of the true mosses (BRYOPSIDA ).
  
• Lycopodium [M0400644]
  A plant genus of the family LYCOPODIACEAE. Members contain ALKALOIDS. Lycopodium oil is obtained from L. clavatum.
  
• Lycopus [M0397152]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that contains rosmarinic acid and isopimarane diterpenoids and has been used in folk medicine for HYPERTHYROIDISM.
  
• Lycoris [M0397374]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. Members contain radiatine, vittatine, haemanthamine, lycorenine, dihydrolycorine, lycorine, lycoricidinol and lycoricidine.
  
• Lysichiton [M0396518]
  
• Lysimachia [M0448352]
  
• Lythraceae [M0384953]
  The loosestrife plant family of the order Myrtales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. Members are mainly herbs and many of them contain ALKALOIDS.
  
• Lythrum [M0398348]
  A plant genus of the family LYTHRACEAE that contains ALKALOIDS.
  
• Maackia [M0385473]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. It contains a hemagglutinin.
  
• Maackia amurensis [M0389284]
  
• Macadamia [M0418361]
  A plant genus of the family PROTEACEAE that is the source of edible NUTS.
  
• Macaranga [M0418634]
  A plant genus. Members contain mappain.
  
• Machaerium [M0418649]
  
• Maclura [M0398516]
  A plant genus of the family MORACEAE. Members contain maclurin, antifungal chalcones, and other compounds.
  
• Macrozamia [M0400605]
  
• Madhuca [M0399960]
  A plant genus of the family SAPOTACEAE that is the source of mahua oil. Members contain oleanene triterpenoid saponins.
  
• Magnolia [M0398365]
  A plant genus of the family MAGNOLIACEAE. The germacranolide sesquiterpene lactones costunolide, parthenolide, and costunolide diepoxide have been isolated from the leaves. Bark contains honokiol and magnolol. Parts are an ingredient of Banxia Houpo Tang.
  
• Magnolia grandiflora [M0398366]
  
• Magnolia officinalis [M0398368]
  
• Magnolia virginiana [M0398367]
  
• Magnoliaceae [M0384955]
  A plant family of the order Magnoliales, subclass Magnoliidae, class Magnoliopsida. They are trees and shrubs having an elongated conelike floral axis with fragrant flowers that have six tepals (sepals and petals that are not distinctly different) and many spirally arranged stamens.
  
• Maguey [M0396439]
  
• Mahonia [M0381570]
  A plant genus in the family BERBERIDACEAE. Oregon Grape was discovered in North America and classified by Pursh as a BERBERIS but Nuttall claimed it is different enough to call it a new genus, MAHONIA. Now botanists insist on Berberis while horticulturists stay with this genus. It is a source of BERBERINE.
  
• Mahonia aquifolium [M0396574]
  
• Mallotus philippensis [M0409951]
  
• Mallotus Plant [M0409950]
  A plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE. Members contain fredelin type TRITERPENES, mallorepine (a cyano-pyridone), and hydrolyzable TANNINS.
  
• Malpighia glabra [M0418675]
  
• Malpighiaceae [M0384973]
  A plant family of the order Polygalales, subclass Rosidae class, Magnoliopsida that are mostly shrubs and small trees. Many of the members contain indole alkaloids.
  
• Malus [M0029219]
  A plant genus in the family ROSACEAE, order Rosales, subclass Rosidae. It is best known as a source of the edible fruit (apple) and is cultivated in temperate climates worldwide.
  
• Malus domestica [M0445012]
  
• Malva [M0382438]
  A plant genus of the family MALVACEAE, order Malvales, subclass Dilleniida. The common name of 'Mallow' may sometimes get confused with other plants.
  
• Malvaceae [M0029169]
  The mallow family of the order Malvales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. Members include GOSSYPIUM, okra (ABELMOSCHUS), HIBISCUS, and CACAO. The common names of hollyhock and mallow are used for several genera of Malvaceae.
  
• Mammea [M0396939]
  A plant genus of the family CLUSIACEAE. Members contain xanthones and BENZOPHENONES. The common name of Mamey is also used with POUTERIA.
  
• Mandragora [M0016972]
  Plants of the Mandragora genus in the SOLANACEAE family, including Mandragora officinarum L. and Mandragora vernalis Bertol (sometimes called Atropa mandragora). They contain TROPANES that are anticholinergic (CHOLINERGIC ANTAGONISTS). Mandrake may also refer to PODOPHYLLUM.
  
• Mandragora vernalis [M0409116]
  
• Mangifera [M0396463]
  A plant genus of the family ANACARDIACEAE best known for the edible fruit.
  
• Mangifera indica [M0396464]
  
• Manihot [M0003600]
  A plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE that is perennial with conspicuous, almost palmate leaves like those of RICINUS but more deeply parted into five to nine lobes. It is a source of a starch after removal of the cyanogenic glucosides. The common name of Arrowroot is also used with Maranta (MARANTACEAE). The common name of yuca is also used for YUCCA.
  
• Manihot esculenta [M0397054]
  
• Manilkara [M0399961]
  A plant genus of the family SAPOTACEAE that bears sweet fruit.
  
• Manilkara zapota [M0399962]
  
• Mansonia [M0448374]
  
• Maprounea [M0401448]
  A plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE. Members contain koumbalones, pentacyclic triterpenes, cucurbitacins, and maprouneacin.
  
• Maranta [M0400504]
  A plant genus of the family MARANTACEAE that is the source of arrowroot starch.
  
• Marantaceae [M0400503]
  A plant family of the order ZINGIBERALES, subclass Zingiberidae, class Liliopsida.
  
• Marchantia [M0456142]
  A liverwort plant genus of the family Marchantiaceae, order Marchantiales, subclass MARCHANTIAE. Members contain brassinosteroids and DITERPENES.
  
• Marchantiae [M0408744]
  A plant subclass of Hepatophyta.
  
• Marrubium [M0029234]
  A plant genus of the LAMIACEAE family that contains marrubiin (a labdane diterpene). It is known as a traditional medicinal for sore throat.
  
• Marrubium vulgare [M0383894]
  
• Marsdenia [M0396551]
  A plant genus of the family ASCLEPIADACEAE. Members contain pregnane glycosides (marsdekoiside & marstomentosides, maryal) and hainaneosides (SAPONINS).
  
• Marsdenia condurango [M0396553]
  
• Marsdenia tenacissima [M0396552]
  
• Marsilea [M0444047]
  
• Marsileaceae [M0444046]
  A plant family of the order Hydropteridales, class Filicopsida, division PTERIDOPHYTA. They are aquatic ferns with quatrifoliate leaves resembling four leaf clover, creeping rhizome, and bean shaped sporocarps.
  
• Matricaria [M0396788]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. M. chamomilla appears similar to Anthemis but this flower disk is conical and hollow and lacks chaffy bract scales and the odor is weaker. The common name of 'manzanilla' is confused with other meanings of the word. 'Matricaria chamomilla sensu' is classified by some as Tripleurospermum perforata. Other plants with similar common names include CHAMAEMELUM; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM and ANTHEMIS.
  
• Matricaria chamomilla [M0329028]
  
• Matricaria matricarioides [M0396791]
  
• Matricaria recutita [M0396790]
  
• Maytenus [M0385260]
  A plant genus of the family CELASTRACEAE.
  
• Medicago [M0385477]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. It is distinct from Sweet Clover (MELILOTUS), from Bush Clover (LESPEDEZA), and from Red Clover (TRIFOLIUM).
  
• Medicago sativa [M0000693]
  A plant species of the family FABACEAE widely cultivated for animal feed.
  
• Medicago truncatula [M0455947]
  A plant species of the family FABACEAE used to study GENETICS because it is DIPLOID, self fertile, has a small genome, and short generation time.
  
• Medicinal Herbs [M0016970]
  
• Melaleuca [M0398538]
  A plant genus of the family MYRTACEAE. M. alternifolia foliage is a source of TEA TREE OIL. The common name of tea tree also refers to LEPTOSPERMUM or KUNZEA. M. vindifolia is a source of niaouli oil. M. cajuputi and M. leucadendra are sources of cajuput oil.
  
• Melaleuca alternifolia [M0398540]
  
• Melaleuca cajuputi [M0398541]
  
• Melaleuca leucadendra [M0398542]
  
• Melaleuca vindifolia [M0398539]
  
• Melastomataceae [M0407290]
  A plant family of the order Myrtales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida composed of tropical plants with parallel-nerved leaves.
  
• Melia [M0398469]
  A plant genus of the family MELIACEAE. Members contain meliavolkinin, melianin C and limonoids.
  
• Melia azedarach [M0398471]
  A plant species of the genus MELIA, family MELIACEAE, which is toxic to insects. The name is very similar to Melia azadirachta (AZADIRACHTA).
  
• Meliaceae [M0384974]
  The mahogany plant family of the order Sapindales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Melicope [M0399827]
  
• Melilotus [M0385479]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE.
  
• Melissa [M0397154]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE. The common names of beebalm or lemonbalm are also used for MONARDA.
  
• Melissa officinalis [M0397155]
  
• Melothria [M0418633]
  
• Menispermaceae [M0384975]
  A plant family of the order Ranunculales, subclass Magnoliidae, class Magnoliopsida. Members are mostly vines and shrubs and they contain isoquinoline alkaloids, some of which have been used as arrow poisons.
  
• Menispermum [M0398488]
  A plant genus of the family MENISPERMACEAE. Members contain dauricine and other ALKALOIDS.
  
• Menispermum canadense [M0398491]
  
• Menispermum cocculus [M0398489]
  
• Menispermum dauricum [M0398490]
  
• Mentha [M0029233]
  Mentha is a genus of the mint family (LAMIACEAE). It is known for species having characteristic flavor and aroma.
  
• Mentha piperita [M0042619]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that is the source of peppermint oil.
  
• Mentha pulegium [M0397159]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that contains pulegone. Do not confuse with 'American false pennyroyal' (HEDEOMA).
  
• Mentha spicata [M0397163]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE having characteristic flavor.
  
• Meristem [M0027765]
  A group of plant cells that are capable of dividing infinitely and whose main function is the production of new growth at the growing tip of a root or stem. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)
  
• Merremia [M0396941]
  A plant genus. Members contain mammosides.
  
• Mescal Bean Plant [M0385492]
  
• Mesembryanthemum [M0408079]
  A plant genus of the family AIZOACEAE. It is a native of Africa and widely planted for erosion control to stabilize soil along roadsides and beaches.
  
• Mesona [M0418663]
  
• Mesquite [M0385436]
  
• Metroxylon [M0418562]
  A plant genus. Metroxylon sagu is one of the plants called sago palm. The trunk is one of the sources of sago starch.
  
• Michelia [M0448339]
  
• Miconia [M0407291]
  
• Microcitrus [M0399829]
  
• Microcycas [M0471149]
  
• Micromelum [M0399825]
  q
  
• Micromeria [M0418661]
  A plant genus. The distilled essential oil is approximately 1/3 BORNEOL and 1/8 CAMPHOR.
  
• Mikania [M0408090]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain scandenolide (a sesquiterpene lactone) and germacranolides.
  
• Milk Thistle [M0328546]
  The plant Silybum marianum in the family ASTERACEAE containing the bioflavonoid complex SILYMARIN. For centuries this has been used traditionally to treat liver disease. Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. = Carduus marianus L.
  
• Milk Vetch [M0381066]
  
• Millettia [M0403690]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members contain ISOFLAVONES, some of which show molluscicidal and schistosomicidal activity. Some species of Pongamia have been reclassified to this genus and some to DERRIS.
  
• Millettia pinnata [M0403692]
  
• Mimosa [M0397077]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that contains kukulkanin, a CHALCONE.
  
• Mimulus [M0399988]
  A plant genus of the family SCROPHULARIACEAE. Members contain 6-geranylflavanones and mimulone.
  
• Mimusops [M0399963]
  A plant genus of the family SAPOTACEAE. Members contain triterpenoid saponins. Latex from bark incisions is processed into gutta balata.
  
• Mirabilis [M0418702]
  A plant genus of the family NYCTAGINACEAE. Members contain Mirabilis antiviral protein (a ribosome-inactivating protein).
  
• Mistletoe [M0022768]
  Parasitic plants that form a bushy growth on branches of host trees which are in the order Santalales. It includes the Christmas mistletoe family (VISCACEAE), the showy mistletoe family (LORANTHACEAE) and the catkin mistletoe family (Eremolepidaceae). The composition of toxins, lectins, tyramine, phenethylamines, and other compounds may be affected by the host.
  
• Mitragyna [M0399809]
  A plant genus of the family RUBIACEAE. Members contain antimalarial (ANTIMALARIALS) and analgesic (ANALGESICS) indole alkaloids.
  
• Molluginaceae [M0408069]
  A plant family of the order Caryophyllales, subclass Caryophyllidae, class Magnoliopsida. Some members contain triterpenoid saponins.
  
• Mollugo [M0408070]
  
• Momordica [M0385293]
  A plant genus of the family CUCURBITACEAE. It is a source of momordin.
  
• Momordica charantia [M0385295]
  A plant species of the family CUCURBITACEAE. It is a source of ribosome-inactivating proteins and triterpene glycosides.
  
• Monarda [M0397165]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE. The common names of beebalm or lemonbalm are also used for MELISSA. The common name of bergamot is also used for Citrus bergamia (CITRUS).
  
• Monimiaceae [M0384977]
  A plant family of the order Laurales, subclass Magnoliidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Monotes [M0418978]
  A plant genus of the family DIPTEROCARPACEAE.
  
• Monstera [M0396517]
  
• Montanoa [M0075905]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Steroidal activity has been observed in animals. Members of this genus contain sesquiterpene lactones such as tomentosin, OXEPINS such as zoapatanol, and kaurene type DITERPENES.
  
• Montanoa tomentosa [M0408740]
  
• Montia [M0398886]
  
• Moraceae [M0384978]
  The mulberry plant family of the order Urticales, subclass Hamamelidae, class Magnoliopsida. They have milky latex and small, petalless male or female flowers.
  
• Moraea [M0418656]
  A plant genus. Members contain BUFANOLIDES.
  
• Moricandia [M0396869]
  
• Morinda [M0399810]
  A plant genus of the family RUBIACEAE. Members contain iridoid glycosides and ANTHRAQUINONES.
  
• Morinda citrifolia [M0399811]
  
• Moringa [M0384979]
  A plant genus of the family Moringaceae, order Capparales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Moringa oleifera [M0384980]
  A plant species of the family Moringaceae, order Capparales, subclass Dilleniidae. It is a source of niaziminin and hypotensive thiocarbamate glycosides.
  
• Morus [M0398519]
  A plant genus of the family MORACEAE that is widely planted for shade.
  
• Mucuna [M0397078]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that is the source of mucuna gum.
  
• Murraya [M0399894]
  A plant genus of the family RUTACEAE. Members contain murrayanine, koenine, isomahanine, kwangsine, siamenol, murrayafoline A, murrayaquinone A and other cytotoxic carbazolequinones.
  
• Musa [M0029485]
  A plant genus of the family Musaceae, order Zingiberales, subclass Zingiberidae, class Liliopsida.
  
• Musaceae [M0333080]
  A plant family of the order ZINGIBERALES, subclass Zingiberidae, class Liliopsida best known for banana (MUSA). The slender false trunk, formed by leaf sheaths of the spirally arranged leaves, may rise to 15 meters (50 feet). There is a crown of large leaves at the top.
  
• Musanga [M0396921]
  A plant genus of the family Cecropiaceae that contains cecropic acid.
  
• Muscari [M0418668]
  A plant genus of LILIACEAE.
  
• Musci [M0444131]
  A subdivision of BRYOPHYTA.
  
• Mustard Plant [M0014269]
  Any of several BRASSICA species that are commonly called mustard. Brassica alba is white mustard, B. juncea is brown or Chinese mustard, and B. nigra is black, brown, or red mustard. The plant is grown both for mustard seed from which oil is extracted and for greens or animal feed. It was formerly used as an emetic, counter-irritant, and carminative. There is no relationship to MUSTARD COMPOUNDS.
  
• Mycorrhizae [M0417489]
  Symbiotic combination (dual organism) of the MYCELIUM of FUNGI with the roots of plants (PLANT ROOTS). The roots of almost all higher plants exhibit this mutually beneficial relationship, whereby the fungus supplies water and mineral salts to the plant, and the plant supplies CARBOHYDRATES to the fungus. There are two major types of mycorrhizae: ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae.
  
• Myoporaceae [M0398527]
  A plant family of the order Scrophulariales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Myoporum [M0398528]
  A plant genus of the family MYOPORACEAE. Members contain dehydrongaione, deisopropylngaione, dehydromyodesmone and other furanoid sesquiterpene essential oils. It is the source of Ngaio oil and ngaione.
  
• Myrianthus [M0400446]
  A genus of URTICACEAE that contains myrianthines and Myrianthus holstii lectin (LECTINS).
  
• Myrica [M0398526]
  A plant genus of the family MYRICACEAE. Members contain myricanol. The common name of bayberry is similar to the name barberry which is used for BERBERIS and MAHONIA.
  
• Myricaceae [M0384982]
  A plant family of the order Myricales, subclass Hamamelidae, class Magnoliopsida. They are trees and shrubs having aromatic leaves that often have yellow glandular dots on the surface. Single-seeded fruits are often covered with waxy granules, bumps, or layers. The flowers are small, greenish, and inconspicuous.
  
• Myristica fragrans [M0390923]
  A plant species in the MYRISTICACEAE family. The seed is used as a spice and used for antimicrobial and psychoactive effects. Myristicin, SAFROLE, and methyleugenol are key components.
  
• Myristicaceae [M0377830]
  A family of flowering plants in the order Magnoliales. Many of the species are tropical and have fragrant wood and leaves.
  
• Myrobalans [M0385276]
  
• Myroxylon [M0385481]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that is a source of aromatic resinous balsams (Balsam of Tolu and Balsam of Peru) used in perfumery and as a constituent in cough syrups and lozenge.
  
• Myroxylon balsamum [M0385482]
  
• Myroxylon pereirae [M0387504]
  
• Myrsinaceae [M0384983]
  A plant family of the order Primulales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Myrsine [M0448344]
  
• Myrtaceae [M0380991]
  The myrtle plant family of the order Myrtales. It includes several aromatic medicinal plants such as EUCALYPTUS.
  
• Myrtus [M0398543]
  A plant genus of the family MYRTACEAE. Members contain PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS.
  
• Myxopyrum [M0448346]
  
• Najas [M0408750]
  A plant genus of the family Najadaceae, subclass ALISMATIDAE, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons).
  
• Narcissus [M0397375]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. Members contain ungiminorine and LECTINS.
  
• Nardostachys [M0400453]
  A plant genus of the family VALERIANACEAE. Nardostachysin, nardostachin, nardosinone, valeranone, and patchoulene have been found in this genus. Nardostachys jatamansi is classified by some as Valeriana jatamansi.
  
• Nasturtium [M0396888]
  A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE. Nasturtium is also used as a common name for TROPAEOLUM. The common name of watercress is also used for RORIPPA & TROPAEOLUM. This is the most popular of the edible cresses, is a hardy creeping perennial plant, native to Europe but extensively naturalized elsewhere in moist places.
  
• Nasturtium officinale [M0396889]
  
• Nauclea [M0399820]
  A plant genus that contains marounoside.
  
• Nelumbo [M0398567]
  A plant genus of the family NELUMBONACEAE. The common name of lotus is also for LOTUS and NYMPHAEA.
  
• Nelumbonaceae [M0398566]
  A plant family of the order Nymphaeales, subclass Magnoliidae, class Magnoliopsida. They are aquatic plants.
  
• Nepeta [M0029231]
  A genus of the LAMIACEAE family. It is known for its mild calming effect and for the way cats are attracted to the aroma.
  
• Nepeta cataria [M0383895]
  
• Nerium [M0385608]
  A plant genus of the family APOCYNACEAE. It is a very poisonous plant that contains cardioactive agents.
  
• Nerium oleander [M0385609]
  
• Nicotiana tabacum [M0457915]
  
• Nigella [M0398950]
  A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE.
  
• Nigella damascena [M0398955]
  A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE. The name is similar to giant fennel (FERULA), true fennel (FOENICULUM), and dog fennel (ANTHEMIS).
  
• Nigella sativa [M0398956]
  A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE that contains alpha-hederin, a triterpene saponin in the seeds, and is the source of black seed oil.
  
• Nuphar [M0398568]
  A plant genus of the family NYMPHAEACEAE. Members contain sesquiterpene thioalkaloids.
  
• Nuts [M0015128]
  Botanically, a type of single-seeded fruit in which the pericarp enclosing the seed is a hard woody shell. In common usage the term is used loosely for any hard, oil-rich kernel. Of those commonly eaten, only hazel, filbert, and chestnut are strictly nuts. Walnuts, pecans, almonds, and coconuts are really drupes. Brazil nuts, pistachios, macadamias, and cashews are really seeds with a hard shell derived from the testa rather than the pericarp.
  
• Nyctaginaceae [M0418698]
  A plant family of the order Caryophyllales, subclass Caryophyllidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Nymphaea [M0389703]
  A plant genus of the family NYMPHAEACEAE. The common name of lotus is also used for LOTUS and NELUMBO.
  
• Nymphaea lotus [M0389704]
  Sometimes called white Egyptian lotus, which should not be confused with the LOTUS genus.
  
• Nymphaeaceae [M0389687]
  The sour gum plant family of the order Nymphaeales, subclass Magnoliidae, class Magnoliopsida. All have horizontal or hanging branches and broad alternate leaves, and they are dioecious (male and female flowers on different plants).
  
• Nyssa [M0398569]
  A plant genus of the family NYSSACEAE (or Cornaceae by some).
  
• Nyssaceae [M0389684]
  A plant family of the order Cornales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. Some botanical classifications do not recognize this family and place the members in CORNACEAE.
  
• Oak Tree [M0385520]
  
• Ochanostachys [M0418750]
  
• Ochna [M0443644]
  
• Ochnaceae [M0443643]
  A plant family of the order THEALES, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida that have evergreen, alternate leaves.
  
• Ochradenus [M0399097]
  
• Ochroma [M0406952]
  
• Ochrosia [M0385616]
  A plant genus of the family Apocynaceae. Species of this genus contain 9-methoxyellipticine (ELLIPTICINES) which is the basis of one of the classes of ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS.
  
• Ochrosia elliptica [M0385617]
  
• Ocimum [M0027943]
  
• Ocimum basilicum [M0027942]
  A plant species of the genus OCIMUM, family LAMIACEAE. It is a condiment with carminative properties.
  
• Ocimum gratissimum [M0397169]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE. Ocimum gratissimum is the source of ocimum oil.
  
• Ocotea [M0380074]
  A plant genus in the LAURACEAE family. The common name of stinkwood is also used for Zieria (RUTACEAE).
  
• Ocotea bullata [M0380075]
  Ocotea bullata (Burch.) E. Mey. is the source of a number of chemicals of medicinal interest.
  
• Oenanthe [M0396501]
  A plant genus of the family APIACEAE that is sometimes called Hemlock Water Dropwort but should not be confused with HEMLOCK. It contains enanthotoxin.
  
• Oenothera [M0398583]
  A plant genus of the family ONAGRACEAE. Members contain oenotheins.
  
• Oenothera biennis [M0398584]
  A plant species, of the genus OENOTHERA, family ONAGRACEAE, that is the source of evening primrose oil.
  
• Olacaceae [M0398570]
  A small plant family of the order Santalales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Oldenlandia [M0399812]
  A plant genus of the family RUBIACEAE. Some species are used as an ingredient in Chinese and African traditional medicines. Members contain kalata B1, a macrocyclic peptide.
  
• Olea [M0398574]
  A plant genus of the family OLEACEAE. The olive fruit is the source of olive oil.
  
• Oleaceae [M0384984]
  A plant family of the order Scrophulariales subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. The leaves are usually opposite and the flowers usually have four sepals, four petals, two stamens, and two fused carpels that form a single superior ovary.
  
• Onagraceae [M0384985]
  The evening primrose plant family of the order Myrtales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. Flower parts are mostly in fours and the ovary is inferior.
  
• Oncostemon [M0448345]
  
• Onoclea [M0400624]
  
• Onopordum [M0396816]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain eudesmane and elemane SESQUITERPENES.
  
• Onosma [M0418617]
  
• Ophiopogon [M0397383]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. Members contain steroidal glycosides and provide an ingredient of shengmaisan (DRUGS, CHINESE HERBAL).
  
• Ophiopogon maidon [M0397384]
  
• Oplopanax [M0381352]
  A plant genus in the family ARALIACEAE, order Apiales, subclass Rosidae. It is the source of cirensenosides (triterpenoid saponins).
  
• Oplopanax horridus [M0383874]
  
• Opuntia [M0385244]
  A plant genus of the family CACTACEAE. Species with cylindrical joints are called Cholla; flat jointed ones are Prickly-pear.
  
• Opuntia ficus [M0404776]
  
• Orchidaceae [M0384986]
  A plant family of the order Orchidales, subclass Liliidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). All orchids have the same bilaterally symmetrical flower structure, with three sepals, but the flowers vary greatly in color and shape.
  
• Origanum [M0397170]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that is the source of a familiar food seasoning.
  
• Origanum majorana [M0397171]
  
• Ornithogalum [M0397386]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE that contains cholestane glycosides (CHOLESTANES).
  
• Orobanchaceae [M0398593]
  The broom-rape plant family of the order Scrophulariales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Orobanche [M0398595]
  A plant genus of the family OROBANCHACEAE. Lacking chlorophyll, they are nonphotosynthetic parasitic plants. The common name is similar to Broom or Scotch Broom (CYTISUS) or Butcher's Broom (RUSCUS) or Desert Broom (BACCHARIS) or Spanish Broom (SPARTIUM) or Brome (BROMUS).
  
• Orontium [M0396519]
  
• Orthosiphon [M0397172]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that contains pimarane-type diterpenes.
  
• Oryza [M0019087]
  
• Oryza sativa [M0019086]
  Annual cereal grass of the family POACEAE and its edible starchy grain, rice, which is the staple food of roughly one-half of the world's population.
  
• Ostrya [M0396862]
  A plant species of BETULACEAE.
  
• Ostryopsis [M0396863]
  
• Ottelia [M0408754]
  
• Ouratea [M0443646]
  
• Oxytropis [M0401754]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members contain SWAINSONINE.
  
• Oxytropis sericea [M0401755]
  
• Pachira [M0406951]
  
• Pachyrhizus [M0385483]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Some Pachyrhizus have been reclassified to PUERARIA. Do not confuse with yam (IPOMOEA; or DIOSCOREA) or African yam bean (SPHENOSTYLIS).
  
• Pachyrhizus erosus [M0385485]
  
• Pachyrhizus tuberosus [M0385484]
  
• Pachysandra [M0396908]
  A plant genus of the family BUXACEAE that should not be confused with common spurge (EUPHORBIA).
  
• Paeonia [M0384987]
  A plant genus of the family Paeoniaceae, order Dilleniales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. These perennial herbs are up to 2 m (6') tall. Leaves are alternate and are divided into three lobes, each lobe being further divided into three smaller lobes. The large flowers are symmetrical, bisexual, have 5 sepals, 5 petals (sometimes 10), and many stamens.
  
• Paeoniae Radix [M0384990]
  
• Paepalanthus [M0418640]
  A plant genus. Members contain naphthopyranones.
  
• Palaquium [M0399964]
  A plant genus of the family SAPOTACEAE. Latex from bark incisions is processed into GUTTA-PERCHA.
  
• Palaquium gutta [M0399965]
  
• Palicourea [M0418897]
  A plant genus. Members contain palicourein.
  
• Panax [M0009250]
  An araliaceous genus of plants that contains a number of pharmacologically active agents used as stimulants, sedatives, and tonics, especially in traditional medicine. Sometimes confused with Siberian ginseng (ELEUTHEROCOCCUS).
  
• Panax ginseng [M0387703]
  
• Panax notoginseng [M0495845]
  A plant species of the genus PANAX. It contains damarane-type tetracyclic TRITERPENES. The common names of Sanchi or Tienchi are also used for Panax pseudoginseng which is distinguished in containing oleanane-type pentacyclic triterpenoids.
  
• Pandanaceae [M0398596]
  A plant family of the order Pandanales, subclass Arecidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons).
  
• Pandanus [M0398597]
  
• Panicum [M0013893]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The seed is one of the millets used in CEREALS and in feed for birds and livestock (ANIMAL FEED). It contains diosgenin (SAPONINS).
  
• Panicum Miliaceum [M0401718]
  
• Panicum miliare [M0401717]
  
• Papaver [M0015828]
  A genus of Eurasian herbaceous plants, the poppies (family PAPAVERACEAE of the dicotyledon class Magnoliopsida), that yield OPIUM from the latex of the unripe seed pods.
  
• Papaveraceae [M0015829]
  The poppy plant family of the order Papaverales, subclass Magnoliidae, class Magnoliopsida. These have bisexual, regular, cup-shaped flowers with one superior pistil and many stamens; 2 or 3 conspicuous, separate sepals and a number of separate petals. The fruit is a capsule. Leaves are usually deeply cut or divided into leaflets.
  
• Parietaria [M0400450]
  A plant genus of the family URTICACEAE which is the most common cause of pollinosis in Mediterranean countries. It is the source of 'allergen Par o I' and of Pollinex used for DESENSITIZATION, IMMUNOLOGIC.
  
• Paspalum [M0398808]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is used for forage.
  
• Passiflora [M0384991]
  A plant genus of the family Passifloraceae, order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. They are vines with ornamental flowers and edible fruit.
  
• Passiflora alata [M0384992]
  
• Passiflora edulis [M0384996]
  
• Passifloraceae [M0398616]
  A plant family of the order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida that are herbaceous or woody vines, shrubs, and trees, mostly of warm regions. Many have tendrils in leaf axils. Leaves are alternate. Flowers have 3-5 sepals, petals and stamens. Nearly all species have seeds that bear a fleshy appendage called an aril.
  
• Passion Flower [M0384993]
  
• Pastinaca [M0382473]
  A plant genus of the family APIACEAE. The roots are used as food.
  
• Pastinaca sativa [M0460665]
  
• Patrinia [M0400454]
  A plant genus of the family VALERIANACEAE. Members contain ursolic acid and oleanolic acid glycosides, sulfapatrinosides (triterpenoid glycosides), and patriscabrol (iridolactone).
  
• Paullinia [M0399955]
  A plant genus of the family SAPINDACEAE. The seed of P. cupana is the source of guarana powder which contains 4% CAFFEINE.
  
• Paullinia cupana [M0399956]
  
• Paullinia pinnata [M0399957]
  
• Pausinystalia [M0399815]
  A plant genus of the family RUBIACEAE. Members produce YOHIMBINE.
  
• Pausinystalia johimbe [M0399816]
  
• Pedaliaceae [M0385013]
  The sesamum family of the order Scrophulariales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida that are mainly herbs and shrubs growing in warm regions.
  
• Pedicularis [M0400005]
  A plant genus of the family SCROPHULARIACEAE. Members contain phenylpropanoid glycosides and iridoids.
  
• Peganum [M0400525]
  A plant genus of the family ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. Harmala and other ALKALOIDS, phenylpropanoids, and TRITERPENES have been found in plants of this genus.
  
• Pelargonium [M0397116]
  A plant genus of the family GERANIACEAE. The common name of geranium is also used for the GERANIUM genus.
  
• Pennisetum [M0398809]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The seed is one of the millets used in CEREALS. It contains vitexin. The common name of buffelgrass is also used for CENCHRUS.
  
• Penstemon [M0400006]
  A plant genus of the family SCROPHULARIACEAE. Members contain phenylpropanoid and iridoid glycosides.
  
• Pentanisia [M0418899]
  
• Pentas [M0448359]
  
• Peony [M0384988]
  
• Peperomia [M0411471]
  A plant genus of the family PIPERACEAE. Members contain prenylated quinones.
  
• Perilla [M0397173]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that is a source of perilla alcohol and the oil is rich in alpha-linolenic acid (alpha-18:3).
  
• Perilla frutescens [M0397174]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that is an ingredient of Banxia Houpu (DRUGS, CHINESE HERBAL).
  
• Periploca [M0396565]
  A plant genus of the family ASCLEPIADACEAE. It is a source of periplocosides (pregnane steroid glycosides).
  
• Persea [M0380053]
  A plant genus in the LAURACEAE family. The tree, Persea americana Mill., is known for the Avocado fruit, the food of commerce.
  
• Persea americana [M0387763]
  
• Peruvian Bark [M0480368]
  The raw material from which QUININE was extracted.
  
• Petasites [M0411377]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain SESQUITERPENES. The common name of sweet coltsfoot is similar to the common name for TUSSILAGO.
  
• Petiveria [M0448349]
  
• Petroselinum [M0382472]
  A plant genus of the family APIACEAE used for flavoring food.
  
• Petroselinum crispum [M0460668]
  
• Petunia [M0400189]
  A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain steroidal glycosides.
  
• Peumus [M0398502]
  A plant genus of the family MONIMIACEAE. Members contain boldine ALKALOIDS. Some PEUMUS species have been reclassified as CRYPTOCARYA.
  
• Peumus boldus [M0398503]
  
• Peyote [M0013458]
  
• Pfaffia [M0396444]
  
• Phagnalon [M0418571]
  
• Phalaenopsis [M0448347]
  
• Phalaris [M0398810]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE.
  
• Phaseolus [M0012314]
  A plant genus in the family FABACEAE which is the source of edible beans and the lectin PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS.
  
• Phaseolus acutifolius [M0380978]
  The plant species that provides tepary beans.
  
• Phaseolus vulgaris [M0380979]
  The plant species that provides kidney beans.
  
• Phellodendron [M0399895]
  A plant genus of the family RUTACEAE. Members contain BERBERINE, indolopyridoquinazoline and other ALKALOIDS and limonoids.
  
• Philodendron [M0396533]
  A plant genus of the family ARACEAE. As a houseplant it sometimes poisons children and animals.
  
• Phleum [M0398811]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE that contains the Phl p 4 allergen.
  
• Phloem [M0487911]
  Plant tissue that carries nutrients, especially sucrose, by turgor pressure. Movement is bidirectional, in contrast to XYLEM where it is only upward. Phloem originates and grows outwards from meristematic cells (MERISTEM) in the vascular cambium. P-proteins, a type of LECTINS, are characteristically found in phloem.
  
• Phlomis [M0397175]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that contains phlorigidosides, iridoid glucosides and megastigmane glycosides.
  
• Phoradendron [M0381766]
  A plant genus in the family VISCACEAE, order Santalales, subclass Rosidae. Members contain phoratoxin and oleanane TRITERPENES.
  
• Phoradendron leucarpum [M0400484]
  
• Phormium [M0396440]
  A plant genus of the family AGAVACEAE, placed by some authorities in its own family of Phormiaceae.
  
• Photinia [M0455971]
  A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE. The common names of chokeberry or chokecherry are also used for some species of PRUNUS.
  
• Photinia melanocarpa [M0455972]
  
• Phyllanthus [M0385379]
  A plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE. Bahupatra (MEDICINE, AYURVEDIC) is prepared from this.
  
• Phyllanthus amarus [M0389305]
  
• Phyllanthus emblica [M0385414]
  A plant species of the family EUPHORBIACEAE.
  
• Phyllanthus nirurii [M0397055]
  Species of PHYLLANTHUS that contains nirurin.
  
• Physalis [M0400190]
  A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain physalin and withangulatin.
  
• Physcomitrella [M0028467]
  
• Physostigma [M0385486]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that is a source of PHYSOSTIGMINE.
  
• Physostigma venenosum [M0385487]
  
• Phytolacca [M0385036]
  A plant genus of the family PHYTOLACCACEAE, order Caryophyllales.
  
• Phytolacca americana [M0385037]
  A plant species of the family PHYTOLACCACEAE. The root has been used in traditional medicine and contains POKEWEED MITOGENS, triterpene glycosides, and antiviral protein.
  
• Phytolacca dodecandra [M0385039]
  A plant species of the family PHYTOLACCACEAE. The root has been used in traditional medicine and contains SAPONINS used to poison SNAILS.
  
• Phytolaccaceae [M0385034]
  The pokeweed plant family of the order Caryophyllales, subclass Caryophyllidae, class Magnoliopsida. The leaves are alternate, simple and smooth-edged and the flowers are in spikes or panicles and are usually bisexual.
  
• Picea [M0381831]
  A plant genus in the family PINACEAE, order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Coniferophyta. They are evergreen, pyramidal trees with whorled branches and thin, scaly bark. Each of the linear, spirally arranged leaves is jointed near the stem on a separate woody base.
  
• Picrasma [M0400017]
  A plant genus of the family SIMAROUBACEAE. Members contain javanicins, picrasinoside and other quassinoids.
  
• Picrolemma [M0400013]
  A genus of SIMAROUBACEAE. Members contain QUASSINOIDS.
  
• Picrorhiza [M0400003]
  A plant genus of the family SCROPHULARIACEAE. Members contain scrosides (CINNAMATES) and phenylethanoid glycoside. P. kurrooa is the source of picroliv (a purified iridoid glycoside fraction from the roots having hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties).
  
• Picrorhiza kurrooa [M0400004]
  
• Pilocarpus [M0399896]
  A plant genus of the family RUTACEAE that is the natural source of PILOCARPINE.
  
• Pimenta [M0029225]
  A plant genus in the family MYRTACEAE, order Myrtales, subclass Rosidae. It is best known for allspice from the dried berry of Pimenta diocia.
  
• Pimenta diocia [M0381010]
  
• Pimpinella [M0029175]
  A plant genus in the family APIACEAE (Umbelliferae) that is used in SPICES and is a source of anethole.
  
• Pinaceae [M0381813]
  A plant family of the order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Coniferophyta, known for the various conifers.
  
• Pinellia [M0385653]
  A plant genus of the family ARACEAE that contains pinellian (an acidic polysaccharide). The plant is an ingredient of some traditional Asian medicinal mixtures including sho-saiko-to, saiko-keishi-to, and banxia houpu decoction.
  
• Pinellia ternata [M0396534]
  
• Pinus [M0381833]
  A plant genus in the family PINACEAE, order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Coniferophyta. They are evergreen trees mainly in temperate climates.
  
• Pinus abies [M0458145]
  
• Pinus maritima [M0458146]
  
• Pinus pinaster [M0458147]
  
• Pinus ponderosa [M0438680]
  A plant species of the genus PINUS that contains isocupressic acid.
  
• Pinus radiata [M0458143]
  
• Pinus sylvestris [M0438681]
  A plant species of the genus PINUS which is the source of pinosylvin. It is sometimes called Scotch pine or Scots pine, which is also a common name for other species of this genus.
  
• Pinus taeda [M0438679]
  A plant species of the genus PINUS which is the subject of genetic study.
  
• Pinus tremula [M0458144]
  
• Piper [M0398644]
  A plant genus of the family PIPERACEAE that includes species used for spicy and stimulating qualities.
  
• Piper betle [M0398666]
  A plant genus of the family PIPERACEAE that is indigenous in the Indian Malay region and cultivated in Madagascar, and the West Indies. It contains chavibetol, chavicol and cadinene. The leaf is chewed as a stimulant, antiseptic and sialogogue. The common name of betel is also used for ARECA.
  
• Piper cubeba [M0398647]
  
• Piper guineense [M0398646]
  
• Piper longum [M0398645]
  
• Piper nigrum [M0384133]
  A plant species in the PIPERACEAE plant family. It is a common spice on foods and is used medicinally to increase gastrointestinal assimilation of other supplements and drugs. PIPERINE is a key component. Black pepper is picked unripe and heaped for a few days to ferment. White Pepper is the ripe fruit dehulled by maceration in water.
  
• Piperaceae [M0377811]
  A family of flowering plants in the order Piperales best known for the black pepper widely used in SPICES, and for KAVA and Betel used for neuroactive properties.
  
• Pistacia [M0381136]
  A plant genus in the ANACARDIACEAE family known for the Pistachio nuts and for gum Mastic.
  
• Pistia [M0396520]
  
• Pistia stratiotes [M0396535]
  
• Pistil [M0413113]
  
• Pisum sativum [M0460672]
  
• Pithecolobium [M0448426]
  
• Pittosporaceae [M0418891]
  A plant family of the order ROSALES.
  
• Pittosporum [M0418892]
  A plant genus of the family PITTOSPORACEAE.
  
• Plant Anther [M0416852]
  
• Plant Aril [M0407232]
  
• Plant Bark [M0369890]
  The outer layer of the woody parts of plants.
  
• Plant Bulbs [M0462198]
  
• Plant Calyx [M0416854]
  
• Plant Capsule [M0407230]
  
• Plant Carpals [M0416857]
  
• Plant Components [M0027760]
  The anatomical components of a plant, including SEEDS.
  
• Plant Components, Aerial [M0407093]
  The above-ground plant without the roots.
  
• Plant Corolla [M0416855]
  
• Plant Epidermis [M0028923]
  A thin layer of cells forming the outer integument of seed plants and ferns. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)
  
• Plant Families and Groups [M0029203]
  Groupings that include specific plants within larger families or divisions.
  
• Plant Leaves [M0027761]
  Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)
  
• Plant Ovary [M0416859]
  
• Plant Petals [M0416858]
  
• Plant Root Cap [M0027764]
  A cone-shaped structure in plants made up of a mass of meristematic cells that covers and protects the tip of a growing root. It is the putative site of gravity sensing in plant roots.
  
• Plant Roots [M0027763]
  The usually underground portions of a plant that serve as support, store food, and through which water and mineral nutrients enter the plant. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982; Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)
  
• Plant Sepals [M0416856]
  
• Plant Shoots [M0027766]
  New immature growth of a plant including stem, leaves and tips of branches.
  
• Plant Stamen [M0416860]
  
• Plant Stems [M0027809]
  Parts of plants that usually grow vertically upwards towards the light and support the leaves, buds, and reproductive structures. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)
  
• Plant Stigma [M0413112]
  
• Plant Style [M0416851]
  
• Plant Tubers [M0407190]
  An enlarged underground root or stem of some plants. It is usually rich in carbohydrates. Some, such as POTATOES, are important human FOOD. They may reproduce vegetatively from buds.
  
• Plantaginaceae [M0016966]
  A plant family of order Plantaginales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida, division Magnoliophyta. The Plantago genus is best known. Lesser known members include Hippuris, Littorella and Callitriche.
  
• Plantago [M0016965]
  A plant genus of the family Plantaginaceae, order Plantaginales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. The small plants usually have a dense tuft of basal leaves and long, leafless stalks bearing a terminal spike of small flowers. The seeds, known as PSYLLIUM, swell in water and are used as laxatives. The leaves have been used medicinally.
  
• Plants [M0016967]
  Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of the kingdom Plantae. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (MERISTEMS); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absence of nervous and sensory systems; and an alteration of haploid and diploid generations.
  
• Plants, Edible [M0016969]
  An organism of the vegetable kingdom suitable by nature for use as a food, especially by human beings. Not all parts of any given plant are edible but all parts of edible plants have been known to figure as raw or cooked food: leaves, roots, tubers, stems, seeds, buds, fruits, and flowers. The most commonly edible parts of plants are FRUIT, usually sweet, fleshy, and succulent. Most edible plants are commonly cultivated for their nutritional value and are referred to as VEGETABLES.
  
• Plants, Genetically Modified [M0390510]
  PLANTS, or their progeny, whose GENOME has been altered by GENETIC ENGINEERING.
  
• Plants, Medicinal [M0016971]
  Plants whose roots, leaves, seeds, bark, or other constituent possess therapeutic, tonic, purgative, or other pharmacologic activity when administered to higher animals.
  
• Plants, Toxic [M0016973]
  Plants or plant parts which are harmful to man or other animals.
  
• Plants, Transgenic [M0025424]
  Plants into which genetic material from another species has been transferred.
  
• Plasmodesmata [M0397373]
  Membrane-like channels of cytoplasm connecting adjacent plant cells. Plasmodesmata connect through pores in the CELL WALL and associate with the CYTOSKELETON machinery. They are essential for intercellular transport and communication.
  
• Platycodon [M0396911]
  A plant genus of the family CAMPANULACEAE that contains platycodin and other triterpenoid SAPONINS. It is a constituent of kikyo-to (MEDICINE, KAMPO).
  
• Platycodon grandiflorum [M0396912]
  
• Plectranthus [M0397177]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that contains eudesmane sesquiterpenes and antimicrobial abietane diterpenoids.
  
• Plumbaginaceae [M0385041]
  A plant family of the order Plumbaginales, subclass Caryophyllidae, class Magnoliopsida of shrubs and herbs. Some members contain anthocyanins and naphthaquinones.
  
• Plumbago [M0398649]
  A plant genus of the family PLUMBAGINACEAE that contains plumbagin.
  
• Plumeria [M0396508]
  A plant genus of the family APOCYNACEAE that contains plumericin, uleine and demethoxyaspidospermine.
  
• Poa [M0398812]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE that contains the Poa p Ia allergen and allergen C KBGP.
  
• Poa pratensis [M0398813]
  
• Poaceae [M0009619]
  A large family of narrow-leaved herbaceous grasses of the order Cyperales, subclass Commelinidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). Food grains (CEREALS) come from members of this family. RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL can be induced by POLLEN of many of the grasses.
  
• Podophyllum [M0017090]
  A genus of poisonous American herbs, family BERBERIDACEAE. The roots yield PODOPHYLLOTOXIN and other pharmacologically important agents. The plant was formerly used as a cholagogue and cathartic. It is different from the European mandrake, MANDRAGORA.
  
• Podophyllum peltatum [M0381590]
  A plant of the genus PODOPHYLLUM, family BERBERIDACEAE (sometimes classified as Podophyllaceae) which is the source of PODOPHYLLIN and of PODOPHYLLOTOXIN that inhibits DNA TOPOISOMERASES, TYPE II. It is different from the European mandrake, MANDRAGORA.
  
• Poison Ivy [M0019057]
  
• Poison Oak [M0383742]
  
• Poison Sumac [M0383741]
  
• Polianthes [M0448295]
  
• Pollen [M0017130]
  The male fertilizing element of flowering PLANTS analogous to sperm in animals. It is released from the anthers as a dust, to be carried by insect or other vectors, including wind, to the ovary (stigma) of other FLOWERS to produce the embryo enclosed by the seed. The pollens of many plants are allergenic.
  
• Pollen Tube [M0416850]
  A growth from a pollen grain down into the flower style which allows two sperm to pass, one to the ovum within the ovule, and the other to the central cell of the ovule to produce endosperm of SEEDS.
  
• Polyalthia [M0396489]
  A plant genus of the family ANNONACEAE. Members contain 8-oxopolyalthiaine.
  
• Polygala [M0398830]
  A plant genus of the family POLYGALACEAE that contains onjisaponins, xanthones, pyrones, and benzophenones. The name is similar to other snakeroots such as ASARUM; SANICULA; ARISTOLOCHIA; AGERATINA; and others.
  
• Polygalaceae [M0385045]
  A plant family of the order Polygalales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Polygonaceae [M0029189]
  The only family of the buckwheat order (Polygonales) of dicotyledonous flowering plants. It has 40 genera of herbs, shrubs, and trees.
  
• Polygonatum [M0397331]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. Members contain benzoquinones, steroidal saponin, and ribosome-inactivating proteins.
  
• Polygonum [M0029187]
  A plant genus of the family POLYGONACEAE that is an ingredient of Shou-Wu-Pian, a Chinese herbal preparation (DRUGS, CHINESE HERBAL). The common name of black bindweed also refers to TAMUS or Fallopia (use POLYGONACEAE).
  
• Polygonum cuspidatum [M0448351]
  A plant species of the family POLYGONACEAE. Itadori tea is prepared from the root of this genus.
  
• Polypodiaceae [M0385054]
  The fern plant family of the order Polypodiales, class Filicopsida, division Pteridophyta, subkingdom Tracheobionta.
  
• Polypodium [M0400628]
  A plant genus of the family POLYPODIACEAE. Members contain polypodoside.
  
• Polyscias [M0448302]
  
• Polystichum [M0400627]
  A plant genus of the family DRYOPTERIDACEAE.
  
• Poncirus [M0399897]
  A plant genus of the family RUTACEAE. Members contain ponfolin, a coumarin (COUMARINS).
  
• Pongamia [M0403696]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members contain karanjin. Some species of this genus have been reclassified to other genera of FABACEAE including Callerya, DERRIS and MILLETTIA.
  
• Pontederia [M0398836]
  
• Pontederiaceae [M0398835]
  A plant family of the order Liliales, subclass Liliidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). Most species are perennials, native primarily to tropical America. They have creeping rootstocks, fibrous roots, and leaves in clusters at the base of the plant or borne on branched stems. The fruit is a capsule containing many seeds, or a one-seeded winged structure.
  
• Populus [M0399908]
  A plant genus of the family SALICACEAE. Balm of Gilead is a common name used for P. candicans, or P. gileadensis, or P. jackii, and sometimes also used for ABIES BALSAMEA or for COMMIPHORA.
  
• Populus balsamifera [M0399909]
  
• Populus fremontii [M0399910]
  
• Populus nigra [M0399911]
  
• Porcelain Berry Plant [M0495069]
  
• Porcelia [M0418555]
  A plant genus. Members contain azaanthracene type ALKALOIDS.
  
• Portulaca [M0398887]
  A plant genus of the family PORTULACACEAE.
  
• Portulaca oleracea [M0398888]
  
• Portulacaceae [M0385055]
  A plant family of the order Caryophyllales, subclass Caryophyllidae, class Magnoliopsida. There are no true petals; each flower has two to six sepals. They produce betacyanin and betaxanthin pigments and lack anthocyanins.
  
• Posidonia [M0408751]
  A plant genus of the family Posidoniaceae, subclass ALISMATIDAE, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons).
  
• Potamogeton [M0398884]
  
• Potamogetonaceae [M0398883]
  A plant family of the order Najadales, subclass Alismatidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons).
  
• Potentilla [M0399291]
  A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE. Members contain procyanidins and TANNINS.
  
• Pouteria [M0399966]
  A plant genus of the family SAPOTACEAE. Members contain triterpenes. Some species in this genus are called mamey which is also a common name for MAMMEA.
  
• Pouteria sapota [M0399967]
  
• Prickly-pear Cactus [M0385245]
  
• Primula [M0398897]
  A plant genus of the family PRIMULACEAE. It can cause CONTACT DERMATITIS. SAPONINS have been identified in the root.
  
• Primulaceae [M0385057]
  A plant family of the order Primulales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. The flowers have both stamens and pistil, and the fruits are capsules.
  
• Proboscidea Plant [M0398620]
  A plant genus of the family PEDALIACEAE.
  
• Prosopis [M0385435]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that is a source of prosopis gum.
  
• Protea Plant [M0418364]
  A plant genus of the family PROTEACEAE which should not be confused with Protea Beetles (Cetoniini).
  
• Proteaceae [M0418359]
  A plant family of the order Proteales, subclass Rosidae class Magnoliopsida. Cluster roots, bottlebrush-like clusters of rootlets which form in response to poor soil, are common in this family.
  
• Prunella [M0397178]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE. Members contain TRITERPENES. Heal all is another common name.
  
• Prunella vulgaris [M0397179]
  
• Prunus [M0381051]
  A plant genus in the family ROSACEAE, order Rosales, subclass Rosidae. It is best known as a source of edible fruits such as apricot, plum, peach, cherry, and almond.
  
• Prunus armeniaca [M0387944]
  A tree that is the source of apricot fruit.
  
• Prunus persica [M0387943]
  Prunus persica (L.) Batsch is the source of peach fruit.
  
• Psacalium [M0418570]
  
• Pseudognaphalium [M0448308]
  
• Pseudotsuga [M0381835]
  A plant genus in the family PINACEAE, order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Coniferophyta. They are coniferous evergreen trees with long, flat, spirally arranged needles that grow directly from the branch.
  
• Pseudowintera [M0400496]
  A plant genus of the family WINTERACEAE. Members contain polygodial.
  
• Psidium [M0398534]
  A plant genus of the family MYRTACEAE that bears an edible fruit and contains guavin B and quercetin glycosides.
  
• Psidium guajava [M0398535]
  
• Psoralea [M0385488]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that is a source of psoralen (FICUSIN).
  
• Psorospermum [M0448376]
  
• Psychotria [M0399818]
  A plant genus of the family RUBIACEAE. Members contain psychotridine and brachycerine (indole alkaloids).
  
• Pteridaceae [M0385061]
  A plant family of the order Polypodiales, class Filicopsida, division Pteridophyta (FERNS).
  
• Pteridium [M0400632]
  A plant genus of the family DENNSTAEDTIACEAE. Members contain ptaquiloside, braxin A1, and braxin B. The name is similar to brake fern (PTERIS).
  
• Pteridium aquilinum [M0400633]
  
• Pteridophyta [M0385059]
  
• Pteris [M0400629]
  A plant genus of the family PTERIDACEAE. Members contain entkaurane DITERPENES. The name is similar to bracken fern (PTERIDIUM).
  
• Pterocarpus [M0408074]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members contain TRITERPENES.
  
• Ptychopetalum [M0418749]
  A plant genus. Members contain muirapuamine.
  
• Pueraria [M0385489]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE a common weed of the southeast US. There has been folk use for alcoholism and liver protection. It contains puerarin, kakkalide, daidzein (isoflavonoids), and kudzusaponins (oleanene-type triterpene glycosides).
  
• Pueraria lobata [M0389285]
  
• Pueraria montana [M0397079]
  
• Pueraria tuberosa [M0389286]
  
• Pulicaria [M0487917]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain pulicanadienes and other cytotoxic SESQUITERPENES.
  
• Pulmonaria [M0385138]
  A plant genus of the family BORAGINACEAE.
  
• Pulsatilla [M0399090]
  A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE. Members contain cernuosides and other oleanane and hederagenin saponins.
  
• Pulvinus [M0027762]
  A group of cells at the base of a leaf in certain plants that, by rapidly losing water, brings about changes in the position of the leaves. (Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)
  
• Pumpkins [M0382397]
  
• Punica granatum [M0398902]
  A small desert tree known for its edible fruit.
  
• Punicaceae [M0398901]
  A plant family of the order Myrtales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida that is a small family with a single genus.
  
• Punna [M0385267]
  
• Pygeum [M0399292]
  A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE. Bark extract of P. africanum is an ingredient of folk remedies to treat PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA.
  
• Pygeum africanum [M0399293]
  
• Pyracantha [M0399298]
  A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE widely cultivated as a prickly hedge with bright red berries. Members contain pyracrenic acid (a lupane triterpenoid).
  
• Pyrola [M0398907]
  A plant genus of the family PYROLACEAE. The common name of wintergreen is more often used for GAULTHERIA.
  
• Pyrolaceae [M0398905]
  A plant family of the order Ericales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Pyrularia [M0399947]
  A plant genus of the family SANTALACEAE. Members contain thionin toxin, which shouldn't be confused with thionine.
  
• Pyrus [M0399294]
  A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE known for the edible fruit.
  
• Quararibea [M0406953]
  
• Quassia [M0400018]
  A plant genus of the family SIMAROUBACEAE. Members contain quassinoids. Quassia simarouba has been reclassified as SIMAROUBA.
  
• Quassia amara [M0400019]
  
• Quercus [M0385519]
  A plant genus of the family FAGACEAE that is a source of TANNINS. Do not confuse with Holly (ILEX).
  
• Quercus ilex [M0397102]
  
• Quillaja [M0399296]
  A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE. Members contain SAPONINS.
  
• Quillaja saponaria [M0399297]
  
• Rabdosia [M0397303]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that contains macrocalin B. R. japonica is an ingredient of PC-SPES, a treatment for prostate cancer.
  
• Rabdosia japonica [M0397304]
  
• Ragwort [M0019646]
  
• Randia [M0448357]
  
• Ranunculaceae [M0385065]
  The buttercup plant family of the order Ranunculales, subclass Magnoliidae, class Magnoliopsida. The leaves are usually alternate and stalkless. The flowers usually have two to five free sepals and may be radially symmetrical or irregular.
  
• Ranunculus [M0399091]
  A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE that contains protoanemonin, anemonin, and ranunculin.
  
• Rapanea [M0398529]
  Genus of the family MYRSINACEAE that contains rapanone.
  
• Raphanus [M0396891]
  A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE known for its peppery red root.
  
• Ratibida [M0410209]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain sesquiterpene lactones.
  
• Rattlepod Chipilin [M0385440]
  
• Raulinoa [M0448365]
  
• Rauwolfia [M0018531]
  A plant genus of the APOCYNACEAE or dogbane family. Alkaloids from plants in this genus have been used as tranquilizers and antihypertensive agents. RESERPINE is derived from R. serpentina.
  
• Rauwolfia serpentina [M0385620]
  
• Redroot Pigweed [M0396442]
  
• Redwood [M0400616]
  
• Rehmannia [M0400011]
  A plant genus of the family SCROPHULARIACEAE. Members contain catapol, rehmannin and ALKALOIDS.
  
• Rehmannia glutinosa [M0400012]
  
• Reishi [M0328565]
  A mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum, of the POLYPORALES order of basidiomycetous fungi. It has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine in various forms. Contains STEROLS; COUMARINS; MANNITOL; POLYSACCHARIDES; and triterpenoids.
  
• Renealmia [M0418981]
  
• Reseda [M0399098]
  
• Resedaceae [M0399096]
  A plant family of the order Capparales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. It is a small family of herbs and shrubs. Some produce GLUCOSINOLATES.
  
• Rhamnaceae [M0380992]
  The buckthorn plant family, of the order Rhamnales, includes some species with edible fruits and some that are medicinal.
  
• Rhamnus [M0008818]
  A plant genus of the family RHAMNACEAE. Several species have been reclassified to the FRANGULA genus. It is often called buckthorn but should not be confused with other plants called that.
  
• Rhaphidophora [M0418560]
  A perennial, evergreen, semisucculent epiphytic vine of Vietnam. Members contain benzoperoxide.
  
• Rhazya [M0419712]
  
• Rheedia [M0419696]
  
• Rheum [M0019054]
  A plant genus of the family POLYGONACEAE. Members contain chrysophanic acid, rhein, EMODIN, and other anthraquinones. The roots were formerly used as purgatives.
  
• Rheum rhaponticum [M0443651]
  
• Rhizoma Pinelliae [M0388789]
  
• Rhizome [M0379955]
  Root-like underground horizontal stem of plants that produces shoots above and roots below. Distinguished from true roots which don't have buds and nodes. Similar to true roots in being underground and thickened by storage deposits.
  
• Rhizophora [M0444098]
  
• Rhizophora mangle [M0444103]
  
• Rhizophoraceae [M0444097]
  A plant family of the order Rhizophorales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida, that includes mangrove trees.
  
• Rhodiola [M0385283]
  A plant genus of the family CRASSULACEAE. Members contain rhodioloside. This roseroot is unrelated to the familiar rose (ROSA). Some species in this genus are called stonecrop which is also a common name for SEDUM.
  
• Rhodiola rosea [M0385284]
  
• Rhododendron [M0385327]
  A plant genus of the family ERICACEAE.
  
• Rhus [M0383740]
  A plant genus of the family Anacardiaceae, order Sapindales, subclass Rosidae. It is a source of gallotannin (TANNIC ACID) and of somewhat edible fruit. Do not confuse with TOXICODENDRON which used to be part of this genus.
  
• Ribes [M0399276]
  A plant genus of the family GROSSULARIACEAE. GAMMA-LINOLENIC ACID is obtained from the black currant oil of the seeds.
  
• Ricinus [M0019094]
  A plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE, order Euphorbiales, subclass Rosidae. The seed of Ricinus communis L. is the CASTOR BEAN which is the source of CASTOR OIL; RICIN; and other lectins.
  
• Rivea [M0396942]
  A plant genus. Some have been reclassified to IPOMOEA or Turbina.
  
• Rivina [M0448350]
  
• Robinia [M0397088]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that contains linarin (acaciin) and LECTINS.
  
• Robinia pseudoacacia [M0397089]
  
• Rollinia [M0396490]
  A plant genus of the family ANNONACEAE. Members contain aporphines, acetogenins and rollinone.
  
• Root Nodules, Plant [M0491958]
  Swelling on roots, especially of LEGUMES, which is often related to RHIZOBIUM infection functioning for NITROGEN FIXATION. Root nodules may also be related to fungal MYCORRHIZAE.
  
• Root Tip [M0407210]
  
• Rorippa [M0396892]
  A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE that includes several marshy plants. The common name of watercress is also used for NASTURTIUM & TROPAEOLUM.
  
• Rosa [M0029224]
  A plant genus in the family ROSACEAE and order Rosales. This should not be confused with the genus RHODIOLA which is sometimes called roseroot.
  
• Rosaceae [M0380993]
  The rose plant family in the order ROSALES and class Magnoliopsida. They are generally woody plants. A number of the species of this family contain cyanogenic compounds.
  
• Rosales [M0029227]
  An order of the ANGIOSPERMS, subclass Rosidae. Its members include some of the most known ornamental and edible plants of temperate zones including roses, apples, cherries, and peaches.
  
• Rosmarinus [M0029230]
  A plant genus of the LAMIACEAE family. It is known as a spice and medicinal plant.
  
• Rosmarinus officinalis [M0383896]
  
• Rourea [M0399268]
  A plant genus of the family CONNARACEAE.
  
• Rubber Tree [M0029194]
  
• Rubia [M0448362]
  A plant genus of the family RUBIACEAE. The root is a source of red dyes (madder color and 1,2,4-trihydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione) and ANTHRAQUINONES.
  
• Rubia cordifolia [M0448363]
  
• Rubia tinctorum [M0448364]
  
• Rubiaceae [M0029196]
  The Madder plant family of the order Rubiales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida includes important medicinal plants that provide QUININE; IPECAC; and COFFEE. They have opposite leaves and interpetiolar stipules.
  
• Rudbeckia [M0410212]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Some Rudbeckia species have been reclassified to ECHINACEA; RATIBIDA; or HELIANTHUS.
  
• Ruellia [M0424071]
  
• Rumex [M0398834]
  A plant genus of the family POLYGONACEAE that contains patientosides and other naphthalene glycosides.
  
• Ruppia [M0408752]
  A plant genus of the family Ruppiaceae, subclass ALISMATIDAE, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons).
  
• Ruscus [M0397387]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. This should not be confused with Broom or Scotch Broom (CYTISUS) or Desert Broom (BACCHARIS) or Spanish Broom (SPARTIUM) or Brome (BROMUS).
  
• Ruta [M0399898]
  A plant genus of the family RUTACEAE. Members contain quinoline alkaloids.
  
• Ruta chalepensis [M0399899]
  
• Ruta graveolens [M0399900]
  
• Rutaceae [M0380990]
  A plant family in the order Sapindales that grows in warmer regions and has conspicuous flowers. Fagara species have been reclassified, most to ZANTHOXYLUM, some to Melicope or GLEDITSIA. The common name of stinkwood used for Zieria is also used for OCOTEA.
  
• Ryania [M0397106]
  A plant genus of the family FLACOURTIACEAE that is the source of RYANODINE.
  
• Ryania speciosa [M0397107]
  
• Saccharum [M0398814]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar.
  
• Sagittaria [M0406433]
  A plant genus of the family ALISMATACEAE that grows in salty marshes and is used for phytoremediation of oil spills. The unisexual flowers have 3 sepals and 3 petals. Members contain trifoliones (DITERPENES).
  
• Saiko [M0145977]
  Japanese name of the plant.
  
• Salacia [M0471023]
  A plant genus of the family CELASTRACEAE. Members contain friedelane-type TRITERPENES and SESQUITERPENES, EUDESMANE.
  
• Salacia reticulata [M0471024]
  
• Salicaceae [M0385069]
  A plant family of the order Salicales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. The leaves are alternate and simple. Staminate (male) flowers consist of from one to many stamens. Pistillate (female) flowers consist of a one-chambered ovary with several to many ovules (potential silky seeds).
  
• Salicornia [M0418632]
  
• Salix [M0399912]
  A plant genus of the family SALICACEAE. Members contain salicin, which yields SALICYLIC ACID.
  
• Salsola [M0396931]
  A plant genus of the family CHENOPODIACEAE. The extract may be called lochein. Tumbleweed may occasionally refer to AMARANTHUS.
  
• Salvadora [M0399945]
  
• Salvadoraceae [M0399944]
  A plant family of the order Celastrales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida, a small family growing in the tropics. Members contain piperidine alkaloids and GLUCOSINOLATES.
  
• Salvia [M0380250]
  A genus in the mint family (LAMIACEAE).
  
• Salvia miltiorrhiza [M0380253]
  A plant species which is known as an Oriental traditional medicinal plant.
  
• Salvia officinalis [M0029232]
  A plant species of the Salvia genus known as a spice and medicinal plant.
  
• Sambucus [M0381132]
  A plant genus in the family CAPRIFOLIACEAE best known for elderberries.
  
• Sambucus nigra [M0381133]
  A plant species in the genus SAMBUCUS, known for the elderberry fruit. The plant is also a source of Sambucus nigra lectins and ribosome-inactivating protein.
  
• Sandoricum [M0418691]
  
• Sangre de Drago [M0385376]
  
• Sanguinaria [M0398611]
  A plant genus of the family PAPAVERACEAE. S. canadensis is the source of sanguinarine extract used in MOUTHWASHES.
  
• Sanguinaria canadensis [M0398612]
  
• Sanguisorba [M0399300]
  A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE. Members contain sanguiin.
  
• Sanicula [M0385602]
  A plant genus of the family Apiaceae. Commonly called snakeroot but that name is used for many other plants such as ASARUM; ARISTOLOCHIA; and Polygala.
  
• Sansevieria [M0397388]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE that contains steroidal saponins.
  
• Santalaceae [M0385071]
  A plant family of the order Santalales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. They are parasites that form connections (haustoria) to their hosts to obtain water and nutrients. The one-seeded fruit may be surrounded by a brightly colored nut-like structure.
  
• Santalum [M0399948]
  A plant genus of the family SANTALACEAE which is the source of sandalwood oil.
  
• Sapindaceae [M0385072]
  The soapberry plant family of the order Sapindales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. Some members contain SAPONINS.
  
• Sapindus [M0399958]
  A plant genus of the family SAPINDACEAE that contain SAPONINS.
  
• Sapium [M0397056]
  A plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE that contains bukittinggine and PHORBOL ESTERS.
  
• Saponaria [M0385250]
  A plant species of the family CARYOPHYLLACEAE. It is a source of SAPONINS. The common name "Soapwort" is also used with VACCARIA. The common name of "Bouncing Bet" is occasionally used with VIOLA.
  
• Saponaria officinalis [M0385251]
  
• Saposhnikovia [M0396493]
  A plant genus of the family APIACEAE that contains saposhnikovans, a type of POLYSACCHARIDES.
  
• Sapotaceae [M0385073]
  A plant family of the order Ebenales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida that are tropical trees which have elongate latex cells. Several members bear sweet edible fruits and produce triterpenoid saponins.
  
• Saprosma [M0448356]
  
• Sarcococca [M0418621]
  An evergreen shrub widely distributed in central Nepal. Members contain steroidal alkaloids.
  
• Sarcomelicope [M0418909]
  
• Sarracenia [M0487908]
  A genus of carnivorous plants.
  
• Sarraceniaceae [M0487907]
  A plant family of the order Nepenthales.
  
• Sasa [M0398816]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE. Folin is the water-soluble extract from Sasa albomarginata. Sasa kurinensis is an ingredient of Sho-ju-sen, a Japanese herbal medicine.
  
• Sasa albomarginata [M0398818]
  
• Sasa kurinensis [M0398817]
  
• Sassafras [M0029336]
  A plant genus in the LAURACEAE family. The tree bark has been used medicinally.
  
• Sassafras albidum [M0383900]
  
• Sassafras officinale [M0383899]
  
• Satureja [M0397305]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE used to flavor food.
  
• Saururaceae [M0399970]
  A plant family of the order Piperales, subclass Magnoliidae class Magnoliopsida. Members contain sauristolactam, and aristololactam BII.
  
• Saururus [M0399971]
  
• Saussurea [M0387443]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE, order Asterales, subclass Asteridae. It is a source of costus root oil and should not be confused with the genus COSTUS.
  
• Saussurea costus [M0387445]
  
• Saussurea lappa [M0387444]
  
• Sauvagesia [M0443645]
  
• Saxifraga [M0399304]
  A plant genus of the family SAXIFRAGACEAE.
  
• Saxifragaceae [M0399302]
  The saxifrage plant family of the order ROSALES, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. The leaves are alternate and sometimes deeply lobed or form rosettes. The flowers have both male and female parts and 4 or 5 sepals and petals; they are usually in branched clusters. The fruit is a capsule with many seeds.
  
• Scabiosa [M0471018]
  
• Schefflera [M0396539]
  A plant genus of the family ARALIACEAE that contains oleanane and ursane glycosides and triterpenoid SAPONINS.
  
• Schinus [M0396447]
  A plant genus of the family ANACARDIACEAE.
  
• Schisandra [M0399983]
  A plant genus of the family SCHISANDRACEAE. Members contain schisandrins (Russian) which are also called gomisins (Japanese) or wuweizins (Chinese). The compounds in this genus are very similar to those in the related KADSURA and medicinal usage is very similar. It is sometimes adulterated with KADSURA.
  
• Schisandraceae [M0385075]
  A plant family of the order Illiciales, subclass Magnoliidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Schizonepeta [M0418660]
  
• Schoepfia [M0398571]
  
• Schumanniophyton [M0399821]
  A plant genus.
  
• Scilla [M0397389]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. Members contain the cardiotonic PROSCILLARIDIN. The common name of squill is also used for URGINEA.
  
• Sclerocarya [M0418549]
  
• Scolymus [M0396819]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE with a name that is similar to CYNARA SCOLYMUS. Members contain taraxasteryl acetate.
  
• Scoparia [M0410729]
  A plant genus of the family SCROPHULARIACEAE. Members contain thyrsiflorin and other scopadulane (labdane) type DITERPENES.
  
• Scoparia dulcis [M0410730]
  
• Scopolia [M0401026]
  A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE after which the compound SCOPOLAMINE got its name.
  
• Scorzonera [M0396820]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. INULIN and SESQUITERPENES have been found in it.
  
• Scrophularia [M0400010]
  A plant genus of the family SCROPHULARIACEAE. Members contain iridoids.
  
• Scrophulariaceae [M0381442]
  The figwort plant family of the order Scrophulariales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. The family is characterized by bisexual flowers with tubular corollas (fused petals) that are bilaterally symmetrical (two-lips) and have four stamens in most, two of which are usually shorter.
  
• Scutellaria [M0397306]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE used in folk medicine as a nervine.
  
• Scutellaria baicalensis [M0397307]
  A plant species of the genus SCUTELLARIA, family LAMIACEAE, that contains skullcapflavone and is used in CHINESE HERBAL DRUGS.
  
• Sebastiania [M0401449]
  
• Secale [M0019320]
  
• Secale cereale [M0019319]
  A hardy grain crop, rye, grown in northern climates. It is the most frequent host to ergot (CLAVICEPS), the toxic fungus. Its hybrid with TRITICUM is TRITICALE, another grain.
  
• Securidaca [M0398831]
  A plant genus of the family POLYGALACEAE that contains securiosides and indole alkaloids.
  
• Securinega [M0401451]
  A plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE. Members contain securinine.
  
• Sedum [M0399274]
  A plant genus of the family CRASSULACEAE. Some species in this genus are called stonecrop which is also a common name for RHODIOLA.
  
• Sedum praealtum [M0406117]
  
• Seedling [M0016968]
  Very young plant after GERMINATION of SEEDS.
  
• Seeds [M0019596]
  The encapsulated embryos of flowering plants. They are used as is or for animal feed because of the high content of concentrated nutrients like starches, proteins, and fats. Rapeseed, cottonseed, and sunflower seed are also produced for the oils (fats) they yield.
  
• Selaginella [M0400646]
  
• Selaginellaceae [M0400645]
  A plant family of the order Selaginellales, class Lycopodiopsida, division Lycopodiophyta, subkingdom Tracheobionta. Members contain bilobetin. The rarely used common name of resurrection plant is mainly used with CRATEROSTIGMA.
  
• Semecarpus [M0396465]
  A plant genus of the family ANACARDIACEAE that is the source of anacarcin forte. The nut milk extract is cytotoxic.
  
• Semecarpus anacardium [M0396466]
  
• Semiaquilegia [M0399092]
  A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE that contains griffonilide, lithospermoside, and magnoflorine.
  
• Semiaquilegia adoxoides [M0399093]
  
• Sempervivum [M0418894]
  
• Senecio [M0019644]
  A species of toxic plants of the Compositae. The poisonous compounds are alkaloids which cause cattle diseases, neoplasms, and liver damage and are used to produce cancers in experimental animals.
  
• Senna alexandrina [M0385421]
  
• Senna occidentalis [M0385422]
  
• Senna Plant [M0385420]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. SENNA EXTRACT is obtained from members of this genus. Members contain ANTHRAQUINONES and have been an ingredient in laxatives (CATHARTICS). Many species of the CASSIA genus have been reclassified into this genus. This bush should not be confused with the Cassia tree (CINNAMOMUM).
  
• Sequoia [M0400615]
  A plant genus of the family TAXODIACEAE known for including some of the tallest trees.
  
• Sequoiadendron [M0400617]
  A plant genus of the family TAXODIACEAE known for tall trees like the SEQUOIA redwoods.
  
• Serenoa [M0381374]
  A plant genus in the family ARECACEAE, order Arecales, subclass Arecidae. The fruit or the extract (Permixon) is used for PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA.
  
• Serenoa repens [M0383875]
  
• Sesamum [M0398621]
  A plant genus of the family PEDALIACEAE that is the source of the edible seed and SESAME OIL.
  
• Sesbania [M0471074]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members contain piperidine alkaloids (PIPERIDINES).
  
• Sesuvium [M0408078]
  
• Setaria italica [M0401716]
  
• Setaria Plant [M0013892]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The small pointed seeds are grown for hay in North America and western Europe and important as food in China and other Asian countries.
  
• Severinia [M0418912]
  
• Shakuyaku [M0384989]
  
• Shepherdia [M0397031]
  
• Shiitake Mushrooms [M0328568]
  Mushrooms in the order AGARICALES containing B vitamins, cortinelin, and the polysaccharide LENTINAN.
  
• Sida Plant [M0398463]
  
• Sideritis [M0397308]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that contains isoscutellarein-7-O-(allosyl(1-2)glucoside).
  
• Sideroxylon [M0399959]
  A genus that has triterpenoid saponins in the root.
  
• Silene [M0385252]
  A plant genus of the family CARYOPHYLLACEAE. The common name of campion is also used with LYCHNIS. The common name of 'pink' can be confused with other plants.
  
• Silphium [M0448310]
  
• Simaba [M0418973]
  A plant genus. Members contain QUASSINOIDS.
  
• Simarouba [M0400020]
  A plant genus of the family SIMAROUBACEAE. Members produce quassinoids.
  
• Simarouba amara [M0400021]
  
• Simaroubaceae [M0385096]
  A plant family of the order Sapindales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. Leaves are alternate and compound. Most have small flowers, bitter bark, and fleshy fruits that are sometimes winged. Members contain QUASSINS.
  
• Sinapis [M0396893]
  A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE. The common name of white mustard sometimes refers to other plants (MUSTARD PLANT).
  
• Sinapis alba [M0396894]
  
• Sinomenium [M0401444]
  A plant genus of the family MENISPERMACEAE. Members contain sinomenine, caffeine, 1,7-dimethylxanthine, and other ALKALOIDS.
  
• Sinomenium acutum [M0401445]
  
• Smartweed [M0382451]
  
• Smilacaceae [M0385097]
  A plant family of the order Liliales, subclass Liliidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledon).
  
• Smilacina [M0397343]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. The cluster of flowers at the end of the stalk distinguishes this plant from "true" Solomon's seal (POLYGONATUM), which has flowers that grow along the stem.
  
• Smilax [M0400145]
  A plant genus of the family SMILACACEAE. Members contain smiglasides (phenylpropanoid glycosides) and steroidal saponins. Commercially it is sometimes adulterated with HEMIDESMUS, which would affect experimental results.
  
• Smyrnium [M0418557]
  
• Solanaceae [M0029161]
  A plant family of the order Solanales, subclass Asteridae. Among the most important are POTATOES; TOMATOES; CAPSICUM (green and red peppers); TOBACCO; and BELLADONNA.
  
• Solanum [M0400195]
  A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain SOLANACEOUS ALKALOIDS. Some species in this genus are called deadly nightshade which is also a common name for ATROPA BELLADONNA.
  
• Solanum dulcamara [M0400196]
  
• Solanum glaucophyllum [M0409070]
  A plant species of the genus SOLANUM, family SOLANACEAE that causes CALCINOSIS in grazing livestock due to high levels of 1a,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (CALCITRIOL).
  
• Solanum laciniatum [M0400197]
  
• Solanum melongena [M0400198]
  A plant species of the genus SOLANUM, family SOLANACEAE. The fruit is a large, egg-shaped berry, varying in color from dark purple to red, yellowish, or white. The leaves are large and ovate. The flowers are pendant, violet, and two inches across.
  
• Solanum nigrum [M0400203]
  A plant species of the genus SOLANUM, family SOLANACEAE that contains steroidal glycosides.
  
• Solanum tuberosum [M0479267]
  A plant species of the genus SOLANUM, family SOLANACEAE. The starchy roots are used as food. SOLANINE is found in green parts.
  
• Solidago [M0410241]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE known for allergenic pollen (ALLERGENS).
  
• Sonchus [M0396817]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Sesquiterpene lactone glucosides (SESQUITERPENES) have been found in it.
  
• Sonchus arvensis [M0396818]
  
• Sophora [M0385491]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE.
  
• Sorbus [M0399301]
  A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE.
  
• Sorghum [M0449982]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The grain is used for FOOD and for ANIMAL FEED. This should not be confused with KAFFIR LIME or with KEFIR milk product.
  
• Sorghum bicolor [M0449983]
  
• Sorghum halepense [M0449984]
  
• Spartium [M0397091]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that is a source of SPARTEINE. Do not confuse with Broom or Scotch Broom (CYTISUS) or Butcher's Broom (RUSCUS) or Desert Broom (BACCHARIS) or Brome (BROMUS).
  
• Spartium junceum [M0397092]
  
• Spergularia [M0448319]
  
• Sphaeranthus [M0418565]
  
• Sphagnopsida [M0444134]
  A class of BRYOPHYTA which is best known for Sphagnum forming PEAT bogs.
  
• Sphagnum [M0028465]
  A plant genus of the family Sphagnaceae, order Sphagnales, subclass Sphagnidae, class SPHAGNOPSIDA.
  
• Sphenostylis [M0397093]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that contains LECTINS and raffinose oligosaccharides.
  
• Sphenostylis stenocarpa [M0397094]
  
• Spigelia [M0448337]
  
• Spinacia oleracea [M0028054]
  A widely cultivated plant, native to Asia, having succulent, edible leaves eaten as a vegetable. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982)
  
• Spiraea [M0399299]
  A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE. Members contain prunioside, spiramine and other diterpene alkaloids.
  
• Spondianthus [M0401450]
  
• Spondias [M0396446]
  A plant genus of the family ANACARDIACEAE.
  
• Spurge [M0382410]
  
• Squash Plant [M0382398]
  
• Stachys [M0397309]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that has a characteristic odor.
  
• Stellaria [M0385255]
  A plant genus of the family CARYOPHYLLACEAE.
  
• Stemodia [M0418971]
  
• Stemona [M0439602]
  A plant genus of the family Stemonaceae. Members contain STILBENES and phenyl BENZOFURANS.
  
• Stemonaceae [M0439601]
  A small plant family of the order Liliales, subclass Liliidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons).
  
• Stephania [M0398496]
  A plant genus of the family MENISPERMACEAE. Members contain cycleanine.
  
• Stephania tetrandra [M0398499]
  A plant species of the genus STEPHANIA, family MENISPERMACEAE, that contains tetrandrine and bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids.
  
• Sterculia [M0400403]
  A plant genus of the family STERCULIACEAE. S. urens is the source of KARAYA GUM which is sometimes called Indian tragacanth, which is different from the true TRAGACANTH which comes from ASTRAGALUS GUMMIFER.
  
• Sterculia urens [M0400404]
  
• Sterculiaceae [M0385099]
  A plant family of the order Malvales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. The leaves of Sterculiaceae are alternate and simple or palmately compound. Flowers have three to five sepals and five or no petals.
  
• Stereospermum [M0448314]
  
• Stevia [M0410242]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain stevioside and other sweet diterpene glycosides. The leaf is used for sweetening (SWEETENING AGENTS).
  
• Stevia rebaudiana [M0410243]
  
• Stichoneuron [M0439604]
  
• Streblus [M0448343]
  
• Strelitzia [M0400510]
  
• Strelitziaceae [M0400509]
  A plant family of the order ZINGIBERALES, subclass Zingiberidae, class Liliopsida. Some species in this genus are called bird-of-paradise which is also a common name for CAESALPINIA and Heliconia (HELICONIACEAE).
  
• Striga [M0405411]
  A plant genus of the family SCROPHULARIACEAE that is parasitic on the roots of other plants. Members contain the flavones, apigenin and luteolin.
  
• Strophanthus [M0385623]
  A plant genus of the family APOCYNACEAE that contains OUABAIN cardiac glycosides.
  
• Strychnos [M0397401]
  A plant genus of the family LOGANIACEAE (classified by some botanists as Strychnaceae).
  
• Strychnos nux-vomica [M0397403]
  A plant genus of the genus STRYCHNOS, family LOGANIACEAE that is the source of STRYCHNINE.
  
• Stryphnodendron [M0448431]
  
• Styracaceae [M0385100]
  A plant family of the order Ebenales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Styrax [M0400405]
  A plant genus of the family STYRACACEAE. Sap of these Asian trees are a source of a balsam (BALSAMS). This styrax balsam is 3/4 coniferyl benzoate, 1/8 free BENZOIC ACID, along with benzyl cinnamate, vanillin, and TRITERPENES.
  
• Styrax benzoides [M0400406]
  
• Suaeda [M0418629]
  
• Succisa [M0471014]
  
• Sundew [M0385320]
  
• Sunflower [M0010001]
  
• Suregada [M0385415]
  A plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE that contains gelonin, a ribosome-inactivating protein.
  
• Suregada multiflora [M0385418]
  
• Sweet Clover [M0385480]
  
• Swertia [M0385526]
  A plant genus of the family GENTIANACEAE. It is a source of swertiapuniside and iridoid glycosides.
  
• Swietenia [M0448340]
  
• Swinglea [M0418911]
  
• Symphoricarpos [M0396914]
  A plant genus of the family CAPRIFOLIACEAE. The common name of "snowberry" is also used for GAULTHERIA.
  
• Symplocarpus [M0396521]
  
• Synsepalum [M0399968]
  A plant genus of the family SAPOTACEAE. Members contain miraculin (also spelled mieraculin), a sweet protein.
  
• Synsepalum dulcificum [M0399969]
  
• Syringa [M0398578]
  A plant genus of the family OLEACEAE. Oleuropein has been identified in the stem bark.
  
• Tabebuia [M0385115]
  A plant genus of the family BIGNONIACEAE that is a source of lapachol.
  
• Tabebuia lapacho [M0385116]
  
• Tabernaemontana [M0385624]
  A plant genus of the family APOCYNACEAE that contains bisindole alkaloids and IBOGAINE.
  
• Tabernanthe iboga [M0385625]
  
• Tacca [M0448333]
  
• Tachigalia [M0448430]
  
• Tagetes [M0398623]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. The common name of marigold is also used for CALENDULA.
  
• Tamaricaceae [M0400407]
  A plant family of the order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Tamarindus [M0385433]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE known for its sour fruit.
  
• Tamarindus indica [M0385434]
  
• Tamarix [M0400408]
  
• Tamus [M0380897]
  A plant genus of the DIOSCOREACEAE plant family.
  
• Tamus communis [M0380899]
  
• Tanacetum [M0396848]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Some species of the CHRYSANTHEMUM and the old Pyrethrum genera have been reclassified to this genus. The common name of tansy usually refers to this but also forms part of the common name of other plants such as Tansy Ragwort (SENECIO) and Tansyaster (HAPLOPAPPUS).
  
• Tanacetum parthenium [M0328473]
  An aromatic perennial plant species that has been used to treat migraines, arthritis, and as a febrifuge. It contains TANNINS, volatile oils (OILS, ESSENTIAL), and sesquiterpene lactones, especially parthenolide.
  
• Tanacetum vulgare [M0396849]
  
• Tapinanthus [M0448378]
  
• Taraxacum [M0396852]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain chicoric and chlorogenic acids and germacrane- and eudesmane-type SESQUITERPENES.
  
• Taxaceae [M0400619]
  A plant family of the order Taxales, class Pinopsida, division CONIFEROPHYTA.
  
• Taxillus [M0400486]
  
• Taxodiaceae [M0400611]
  The redwood plant family of the order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division CONIFEROPHYTA (Conifers).
  
• Taxodium [M0400618]
  A plant genus of the family TAXODIACEAE. Members contain taxodione and taxodone, which are diterpenoid quinone methide tumor inhibitors.
  
• Taxus [M0328579]
  Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).
  
• Taxus brevifolia [M0332344]
  
• Teclea [M0448366]
  
• Tecoma [M0448315]
  
• Teosinte [M0405793]
  Zea species that are thought to be ancestors and probable progenitors to corn.
  
• Tephrosia [M0397095]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that contains tephrorin, tephrosone, and C-prenylflavonoids.
  
• Terminalia [M0385275]
  A plant genus of the family COMBRETACEAE. Members contain arjunin, an ellagitannin (TANNINS).
  
• Tetradenia [M0418659]
  
• Tetragonia [M0408077]
  
• Tetrapleura [M0397097]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members contain molluscicidal triterpene glycosides (TRITERPENES).
  
• Teucrium [M0397310]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE. Members contain teuscordonin. There have been reports of hepatoxicity by this genus.
  
• Thalassia [M0408753]
  
• Thalia [M0400506]
  
• Thalictrum [M0399094]
  A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE. Members contain isoquinoline alkaloids and triterpene glycosides.
  
• Thapsia [M0396492]
  A plant genus of the family APIACEAE. Members contain THAPSIGARGIN and other guaianolides (SESQUITERPENES, GUAIANOLIDE).
  
• Theaceae [M0030112]
  A plant family of the order THEALES, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida, best known for CAMELLIA SINENSIS, which is the source of Oriental TEA.
  
• Theales [M0030113]
  A plant order of the subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. It includes 18 families, approximately 175 genera, and 3,400 species. Its members are mostly tropical trees and shrubs.
  
• Thevetia [M0396509]
  A plant genus of the family APOCYNACEAE. Members contain thevetin.
  
• Thevetia peruviana [M0396510]
  
• Thlaspi [M0396896]
  A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE that is grown in rock gardens. T. arvense is grown for its large, round ornamental seed pods. The common name of pennycress usually refers to this genus but may also refer to the genus Microthlaspi.
  
• Thlaspi arvense [M0396897]
  
• Thonningia [M0396570]
  A plant genus of the family BALANOPHORACEAE which contains thonningianins (TANNINS).
  
• Thuja [M0385310]
  A plant genus of the family CUPRESSACEAE.
  
• Thuja occidentalis [M0385311]
  
• Thuja orientalis [M0447319]
  Formerly called Biota orientalis.
  
• Thuja plicata [M0385312]
  
• Thunbergia [M0396427]
  A plant genus of the family ACANTHACEAE. Delta 6 Hexadecenoic acid (16:1 delta 6) composes 3/4 of the seed oil. Iridoid glycosides, isounedoside and grandifloric acid have been isolated.
  
• Thymelaeaceae [M0385101]
  A plant family of the order Myrtales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. They are mainly trees and shrubs. Many members contain mucilage and COUMARINS.
  
• Thymus Plant [M0455959]
  A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE best known for the thyme spice added to foods.
  
• Thymus vulgaris [M0383897]
  
• Tian-hua-fen [M0391328]
  
• Tieghemella [M0448371]
  
• Tilia [M0400428]
  A plant genus of the family TILIACEAE. Some species in this genus are called Limetree which is nearly the same as the common name for lime (CITRUS AURANTIIFOLIA). Some people are allergic to the POLLEN.
  
• Tiliaceae [M0385102]
  A plant family of the order Malvales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Tillandsia [M0396902]
  A plant genus of the family BROMELIACEAE. Members contain 3-methoxy-5-hydroxyflavonols.
  
• Tinospora [M0398500]
  A plant genus of the family MENISPERMACEAE. Members have been used in AYURVEDIC MEDICINE. Hypoglycemic effect has been reported.
  
• Tithonia [M0448306]
  
• Tobacco [M0021597]
  A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain NICOTINE and other biologically active chemicals; its dried leaves are used for SMOKING.
  
• Tongkat Ali [M0448759]
  
• Torreya [M0400620]
  
• Tournefortia [M0418616]
  
• Toxicodendron [M0019056]
  A genus (formerly part of Rhus genus) of shrubs, vines, or trees that yields a highly allergenic oleoresin which causes a severe contact dermatitis (DERMATITIS, TOXICODENDRON). The most toxic species are Toxicodendron vernix (poison sumac), T. diversilobum (poison oak), and T. radicans (poison ivy). T. vernicifera yields a useful varnish from which certain enzymes (laccases) are obtained.
  
• Tracheophyta [M0385060]
  Tracheophyte refers to the water-conducting tracheid cells.
  
• Tradescantia [M0406292]
  A plant genus of the family COMMELINACEAE that is used in genotoxic bioassays.
  
• Tragopogon [M0396822]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. The root and shoots have been used for food.
  
• Tragopogon porrifolius [M0396823]
  
• Tragopogon pratensis [M0396824]
  
• Tree Bark [M0369891]
  
• Trees [M0021857]
  Woody, usually tall, perennial higher plants (Angiosperms, Gymnosperms, and some Pterophyta) having usually a main stem and numerous branches.
  
• Trefoil [M0385455]
  
• Trema [M0405495]
  A plant genus of the family ULMACEAE. Members contain PHENANTHRENES and COUMARINS.
  
• Trianthema [M0408076]
  
• Tribulus [M0400526]
  A plant genus of the family ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. Members contain steroidal saponins. Ingestion by grazing animals causes PHOTOSENSITIVITY DISORDERS called geeldikkop (yellow thick head) in South Africa.
  
• Tribulus terrestris [M0400527]
  
• Trichilia [M0418690]
  A plant genus. Members contain LIMONOIDS.
  
• Trichosanthes [M0385296]
  A plant species of the family CUCURBITACEAE that is a source of TRICHOSANTHIN (a ribosomal inhibitory protein).
  
• Trichosanthes kirilowii [M0385297]
  
• Triclisia [M0398487]
  
• Trifolium [M0385513]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE.
  
• Trifolium pratense [M0385514]
  
• Trifolium repens [M0389287]
  
• Trigonella [M0385493]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE.
  
• Trigonella foenum-graecum [M0385494]
  
• Trillium [M0397390]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE that is a short plant with a distinct whorl of 3 broad leaves.
  
• Triphyophyllum [M0448896]
  
• Tripleurospermum [M0396793]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. It is easily confused with related plants with similar common names of Chamomile and Mayweed (MATRICARIA; CHAMAEMELUM; and ANTHEMIS).
  
• Tripleurospermum perforatum [M0329029]
  
• Tripterygium [M0385263]
  A plant genus of the family CELASTRACEAE that is a source of triterpenoids and diterpene epoxides such as triptolide.
  
• Tripterygium hypoglaucum [M0130197]
  
• Tripterygium wilfordii [M0130198]
  
• Triticum [M0022964]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is the source of wheat grain. A hybrid with rye (SECALE CEREALE) is called TRITICALE. The seed is ground into FLOUR and used to make BREAD, and is the source of WHEAT GERM AGGLUTININS.
  
• Triticum aestivum [M0401424]
  
• Triticum durum [M0492139]
  
• Triticum spelta [M0492142]
  A variety which is the source of spelt (which should not be confused with oat spelt).
  
• Triticum turgidum [M0492140]
  
• Triticum vulgare [M0401425]
  
• Triumfetta [M0400429]
  A plant genus of the family TILIACEAE. The common name of burweed is also used for AMSINCKIA. Triumfetta semitriloba is considered a noxious weed.
  
• Triumfetta semitriloba [M0400430]
  
• Trixis [M0418569]
  
• Tropaeolaceae [M0400432]
  A plant family of the order Geraniales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Tropaeolum [M0400433]
  A plant genus of the family TROPAEOLACEAE. The common nasturtium is a plant that grows 2.4-3.6 m (8-12 feet) tall and has funnel-shaped flowers that are commonly yellow-orange with red spots or stripes and have a long spur that contains sweet nectar. Some species in this genus are called watercress which is also a common name for RORIPPA and NASTURTIUM.
  
• Tropaeolum majus [M0400434]
  
• Tsuga [M0381837]
  A plant genus in the family PINACEAE, order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Coniferophyta. They are coniferous evergreen trees and should not be confused with hemlock plants (CICUTA and CONIUM).
  
• Tulipa [M0397391]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. Members contain tuliposides and tulipalins and have been associated with allergic contact dermatitis in florists.
  
• Turbina [M0396943]
  
• Turnera [M0385103]
  A plant genus of the family Turneraceae, order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Turraea [M0448341]
  
• Tussilago [M0396854]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Flower buds contain farfaratin (SESQUITERPENES) and bisabolene epoxide.
  
• Tussilago farfara [M0396855]
  
• Tylecodon [M0418895]
  A plant genus. Members contain BUFANOLIDES.
  
• Tylophora [M0396566]
  A plant genus of the family ASCLEPIADACEAE. Members contain phenanthro-indolizidine alkaloids.
  
• Tylophora asthmatica [M0396568]
  
• Tylophora indica [M0396567]
  
• Typha [M0400444]
  
• Typhaceae [M0400443]
  A plant family of the order Typhales, subclass Commelinidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons) that contains a single genus, Typha, that grows worldwide.
  
• Ulex [M0419552]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE (sometimes classified as Papilionaceae). Members contain LECTINS.
  
• Ulex europaeus [M0419554]
  A plant species that contains Ulex europaeus lectins (gorse agglutinin).
  
• Ulex jussiaei [M0419553]
  A plant species that contains jussiaeiines (quinolizidine type ALKALOIDS).
  
• Ulmaceae [M0405492]
  A plant family of the order Urticales, subclass Hamamelidae, class Magnoliopsida. Members are trees and shrubs of temperate regions that have watery sap and alternate leaves which are lopsided at the base. The flowers lack petals.
  
• Ulmus [M0405496]
  A plant genus of the family ULMACEAE that is susceptible to Dutch elm disease which is caused by the ASCOMYCOTA fungus, Ophiostoma.
  
• Umbellularia [M0380054]
  A plant genus in the LAURACEAE family. The tree, Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt., is known for aromatic leaves used in SPICES having a similar flavor to LAURUS.
  
• Uncaria [M0399819]
  A plant genus of the family RUBIACEAE. Members contain uncarine and other cytotoxic and hypotensive oxindole alkaloids.
  
• Uragoga [M0382455]
  A rarely used term.
  
• Urginea [M0397392]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE that contains bufadienolides (BUFANOLIDES). The common name of squill is also used for SCILLA.
  
• Urginea maritima [M0397393]
  
• Urtica dioica [M0030080]
  A plant species of the genus Urtica, family URTICACEAE. Roots have been used to treat PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA. Leaves are edible after the stinging quality is eliminated by brief heating.
  
• Urticaceae [M0379411]
  The nettles plant family of the order Urticales, subclass Hamamelidae, class Magnoliopsida. Many have stinging hairs on stems and leaves. Flowers are small and greenish in leaf axils. The fruit is dry and one-seeded.
  
• Usnea [M0328586]
  A genus of lichens containing usnic acid and mucilage. Usnea barbata has been used as an herbal medicine.
  
• Usnea barbata [M0332358]
  
• Uvaria [M0396491]
  A plant genus of the family ANNONACEAE. Members contain uvarigrin, uvarigrandin, chamuvaritin and other acetogenins and benzylisoquinoline alkaloids.
  
• Vaccaria [M0396919]
  A plant genus of the family CARYOPHYLLACEAE. The common name "Soapwort" is also used with SAPONARIA.
  
• Vaccinium [M0385332]
  A plant genus of the family ERICACEAE known for species with edible fruits.
  
• Vaccinium macrocarpon [M0385335]
  A plant species of the family VACCINIUM known for the sour fruit which is sometimes used for urinary tract infections.
  
• Vaccinium myrtillus [M0385336]
  A plant species of the family VACCINIUM.
  
• Vaccinium vitis-idaea [M0385374]
  A plant species of the genus VACCINIUM.
  
• Valerian [M0022495]
  A plant genus of the family VALERIANACEAE, order Dipsacales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. It is best known for the sedative use and valepotriate content of the roots. It is sometimes called Garden Heliotrope but is unrelated to true Heliotrope (HELIOTROPIUM).
  
• Valeriana officinalis [M0381713]
  Valeriana officinalis L. is the official species but others have similar compounds and effects.
  
• Valerianaceae [M0381733]
  The Valerian plant family of the order Dipsacales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida that is characterized by 3-5-lobed tubular flowers, often spurred at the base and clustered in tight heads.
  
• Valerianella [M0400456]
  A plant genus of the family VALERIANACEAE. It is sometimes called goosefoot cornsalad but should not be confused with true goosefoot (CHENOPODIUM).
  
• Vanilla [M0398591]
  A plant genus of the family ORCHIDACEAE that is the source of the familiar flavoring used in foods and medicines (FLAVORING AGENTS).
  
• Ventilago [M0418869]
  
• Vepris [M0399824]
  
• Veratrum [M0022613]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE with roots that contain VERATRUM ALKALOIDS used as emetics, parasiticides, antihypertensives. It is the main ingredient of Boicil.
  
• Verbascum [M0400009]
  A plant genus of the family SCROPHULARIACEAE.
  
• Verbena [M0400462]
  A plant genus of the family VERBENACEAE. Members contain verbenachalcone (dimeric dihydrochalcone), iridoids, and phenylethanoids.
  
• Verbenaceae [M0385105]
  A plant family of the order Lamiales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. The leaves are opposite or whorled. The flowers are aggregated in spikes, clusters, or racemes.
  
• Verbesina [M0396856]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain galegine (GUANIDINES).
  
• Vernonia [M0408089]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain germacrane and sesquiterpene LACTONES.
  
• Veronica [M0400008]
  A plant genus of the family SCROPHULARIACEAE. Members contain bis-sesquiterpene and iridoid glucosides.
  
• Vetiveria [M0471072]
  A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The RHIZOME contains SESQUITERPENES and is the source of vetiver oil used in PERFUME.
  
• Vetiveria zizanioides [M0471073]
  
• Viburnum [M0381134]
  A plant genus in the family CAPRIFOLIACEAE. The common name derives from its traditional use for menstrual cramps. It is a source of viburnine, valerianic acid, vibsanin, and ursolic acid. Note that true cranberry is VACCINIUM MACROCARPON.
  
• Vicia [M0397099]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that is widely used as ground cover and forage and known for the edible beans, VICIA FABA.
  
• Vicia faba [M0397100]
  A plant species of the genus VICIA, family FABACEAE. The edible beans are well known but they cause FAVISM in some individuals with GLUCOSEPHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE DEFICIENCY. This plant contains vicine, convicine, Vicia lectins, unknown seed protein, AAP2 transport protein, and Vicia faba DNA-binding protein 1.
  
• Vicia sativa [M0401757]
  A plant species of the genus VICIA, family FABACEAE. The seed is used for food and contains THIOCYANATES such as prunasin, cyanoalanine, cyanogen, and vicine.
  
• Viguiera [M0418566]
  
• Vinca [M0396511]
  A plant genus of the family APOCYNACEAE. Vinca rosea has been changed to CATHARANTHUS roseus.
  
• Vinca major [M0396512]
  
• Vinca minor [M0396513]
  
• Viola [M0400463]
  A plant genus of the family VIOLACEAE. Some species in this genus are called bouncing bet which is a common name more often used with SAPONARIA OFFICINALIS. Members contain macrocyclic peptides.
  
• Violaceae [M0385106]
  A plant family of the order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida.
  
• Viscaceae [M0381735]
  The Christmas Mistletoe plant family of the order Santalales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. They are parasitic primarily on coniferous trees forming a drooping evergreen bush of leathery leaves on tree branches. The berries are sticky and toxic.
  
• Viscum [M0381754]
  A plant genus in the family VISCACEAE, order Santalales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. Species of this genus contain cytotoxic LECTINS. The common name of MISTLETOE is used for many species of this and the LORANTHACEAE families.
  
• Viscum album [M0381764]
  A plant species of the family VISCACEAE, order Santalales, subclass Rosidae. This is the traditional mistletoe of literature and Christmas. Members contain viscotoxin (5 kDa basic polypeptides related to thionins), beta-galactoside- and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-specific lectin II (60 kDa), and polysaccharides. Mistletoe lectin I is a type 2 ribosome-inactivating protein. Commercial extracts include Plenosol, Eurixor, Helixor Isorel, Iscador, and NSC 635089 (ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, PHYTOGENIC).
  
• Vitaceae [M0381012]
  A plant family of the order Rhamnales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida, best known for the VITIS genus, the source of grapes.
  
• Vitex [M0328590]
  A genus of trees in the VERBENACEAE (sometimes classified in the LAMIACEAE) family containing assorted flavonoids with possible analgesic and antineoplastic properties. The fruit of these trees is used in herbal preparations.
  
• Vitex agnus-castus [M0332413]
  
• Vitis [M0029223]
  A plant genus in the family VITACEAE, order Rhamnales, subclass Rosidae. It is a woody vine cultivated worldwide. It is best known for grapes, the edible fruit and used to make WINE and raisins.
  
• Voacanga [M0411378]
  A plant genus of the family APOCYNACEAE. Members contain voacangine and other INDOLES.
  
• Waltheria [M0418975]
  
• Wasabia [M0396898]
  A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE used for its hot peppery root.
  
• Wedelia [M0396857]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain wedelolactone and wedeloside.
  
• Wikstroemia [M0400411]
  A plant genus of the family THYMELAEACEAE. Members contain daphnoretin and wikstroelides and daphnane-type DITERPENES.
  
• Winteraceae [M0400493]
  A plant family of the order Magnoliales, subclass Magnoliidae, class Magnoliopsida. The wood lacks water-conducting cells but has acrid sap. The leaves are gland-dotted, leathery, and smooth-margined. The flowers are small, in clusters, with two to six sepals, petals in two or more series, several stamens, and one to several carpels.
  
• Winterberry [M0385630]
  
• Wisteria [M0400530]
  A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members contain wistarin.
  
• Withania [M0400303]
  A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain withanolides. Withania somnifera is the source of ashwagandha and aswal.
  
• Withania somnifera [M0400304]
  
• Woodfordia [M0398353]
  A plant genus of the family LYTHRACEAE. Members contain woodfordins.
  
• Xanthium [M0396858]
  A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. The name "prickly burweed" is sometimes used but causes confusion with AMSINCKIA.
  
• Xanthium spinosum [M0396859]
  Xanthium spinosum L. is considered a noxious weed.
  
• Xanthoceras [M0399949]
  A genus of SAPINDACEAE that contains xanthocerasic acid.
  
• Xanthorhiza [M0399095]
  A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE. Members contain isoquinoline alkaloids.
  
• Xanthosoma [M0396536]
  A plant genus of the family ARACEAE. The common names of 'Coco Yam' (Cocoyam) or 'Elephant's Ear' may be confused with COLOCASIA and other ARACEAE or with common yam (DIOSCOREA). It contains LECTINS.
  
• Xanthosoma sagittifollium [M0396537]
  
• Xanthoxylum inerme [M0399905]
  
• Ximenia [M0398572]
  
• Xylem [M0487910]
  Plant tissue that carries water up the root and stem. Xylem cell walls derive most of their strength from LIGNIN. The vessels are similar to PHLOEM sieve tubes but lack companion cells and do not have perforated sides and pores.
  
• Xylopia [M0418554]
  A plant genus. Members contain kaurane type DITERPENES & acetogenins.
  
• Yucca [M0029202]
  A genus (and common name) in the AGAVACEAE family. It is known for SAPONINS in the root that are used in SOAPS.
  
• Zamia [M0400606]
  
• Zamiaceae [M0400603]
  A plant family of the order Cycadales, class Cycadopsida, division CYCADOPHYTA.
  
• Zantedeschia [M0396538]
  A plant genus of the family ARACEAE. The common name of Calla Lily or Callalily also refers to the Calla genus (CALLA PLANT).
  
• Zanthoxylum [M0399902]
  A plant genus of the family RUTACEAE. Most plants that are called Fagara are actually Zanthoxylum. Some members of Zanthoxylum are reclassified from ELEUTHEROCOCCUS, Melicope, and EVODIA. The twigs are used as dental brushing sticks (TOOTHBRUSHING).
  
• Zanthoxylum fagara [M0399903]
  
• Zanthoxylum rhetza [M0399904]
  
• Zea [M0005173]
  
• Zea mays [M0005172]
  A plant species of the family POACEAE. It is a tall grass grown for its seed, corn, used as food and animal fodder.
  
• Zelkova [M0405494]
  
• Zephyranthes [M0418669]
  A plant genus of LILIACEAE.
  
• Zieria [M0406151]
  The common name of stinkwood is also used for OCOTEA.
  
• Zigadenus [M0397399]
  A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE that is fatally toxic to grazing animals. The name is similar to another plant called Camas (CAMASSIA).
  
• Zingiberaceae [M0029488]
  A plant family of the order Zingiberales, subclass Zingiberidae, class Liliopsida. It includes plants which have both flavoring and medicinal properties such as GINGER; turmeric (CURCUMA), and cardamom (ELETTARIA).
  
• Zingiberales [M0029489]
  This plant order includes 8 families, 66 genera, and about 1,800 species. These herbaceous perennials are mainly found in the wet tropics. Members include the banana family (MUSACEAE) and GINGER family (ZINGIBERACEAE).
  
• Ziziphus [M0399109]
  A plant genus of the family RHAMNACEAE. Members contain nummularogenin (a spirostane) and is the source of an edible fruit.
  
• Zostera [M0408757]
  
• Zosteraceae [M0408756]
  A plant family of the order Najadales, subclass ALISMATIDAE, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). This is a group of perennial aquatic herbs with basal leaves.
  
• Zygophyllaceae [M0382373]
  A plant family of the order Sapindales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida which is a small family of small trees and shrubs growing in arid and warm regions.
  
• Zygophyllum [M0400528]
  A plant genus of the family ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. Members contain SAPONINS.